students with data - faculty.usi.edufaculty.usi.edu/media/1527/usi-qr-conference-codap-2019.pdf ·...
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UsingTechnologytoEngageStudentswithData
RickHudsonJune14,2019
USIQuantitativeReasoningConference
1. Discussdifferencesbetweenmathematicsandstatisticsandwhythesedifferencesareimportant.
2. LearntouseCODAP,atoolforinvestigatingdata.3. Investigatethreedatasets–focusingonboth
quantitativevariablesandcategoricalvariables.4. DiscussteachingconsiderationsofusingCODAP.
Goalsofthissession
* Ifyouhadtoexplainthephrase“statisticalthinking”toapersonwhohadneverusedstatistics,howwouldyouexplainit?
* Howisstatisticalthinkingdifferentfrommathematicalthinking?
Whatisstatisticalthinking?
* CrucialRoleofContext
Statisticsv.Mathematics(Rossman,Chance,&Medina,2006)
* CrucialRoleofContext
Statisticsv.Mathematics(Rossman,Chance,&Medina,2006)
* CrucialRoleofContext
Statisticsv.Mathematics(Rossman,Chance,&Medina,2006)
* CrucialRoleofContext
Statisticsv.Mathematics(Rossman,Chance,&Medina,2006)
* CrucialRoleofContext
* IssuesofMeasurement
Statisticsv.Mathematics(Rossman,Chance,&Medina,2006)
* CrucialRoleofContext
* IssuesofMeasurement
Statisticsv.Mathematics(Rossman,Chance,&Medina,2006)
* CrucialRoleofContext
* IssuesofMeasurement
* TheLackofDefinitiveConclusions
Statisticsv.Mathematics(Rossman,Chance,&Medina,2006)
Focus:TwoOutcomes
Discuss:ThinkaboutthestatisticstasksyouuseinyourteachingofQR.
Howdoyouchoosedatasetsforyourstudentstoanalyze?
Howwouldyoudescribethecharacteristicsofthatdataset?
ReflectingonDataSets
TextbookExample
* It’sokaytobe‘big’---multiplevariables,multiplecases.
* It’sokaytobe‘messy’---somedataneedtobecleaned.
* It’sokaytobefun!---studentsshouldhaveaninterest.(Dotheycareaboutcellphonesubscriptionsovertime?)
Datasets
IntroducingCODAP
http://codap.concord.org/
* Gotohttps://tinyurl.com/GSWCODAPandfollowthedirections.
GettingStartedwithCODAP
Rollercoasters
* Whataresomeofthefeaturesthatmakesrollercoastersfun?* Whataresomeofthedifferencesbetweenrollercoasters?
ComparingRollercoasters
VisitthewebsitebelowtoinvestigateCODAP:http://tinyurl.com/157uscoastersWhatattributesdowehaveinformationaboutinthedataset?
RollercoasterDataSetinCODAP
* Whatdoyounoticeaboutthetopspeedofthesecoasters?Whatfactorsmayberelatedtothespeedofacoaster?
* Dowoodencoasterstendtohavethesameheightascoastersmadefromsteel?Howdothewoodenandsteelcoastersdifferwithothervariables?Doesanythingsurpriseyou?
* Doyouagreethatrollercoastersthathaveinversionsaretallerthanrollercoasterswithoutinversions?Whyorwhynot?
Investigatethesequestions
* Considerhowthelength(x)ofarollercoasterisrelatedtoitsduration(y).* Addamoveablelinethatyouthinkestimatestheassociationwell.Shareoutyourresults.* Who’sestimationisbest?* Addtheleast-squaresline.* Whatdoesthislinetellus?* Howdoweinterprettheslope?Y-intercept?R2?
Least-SquaresRegression
FocusonCategoricalData
Whatiscategoricaldata?
Categoricaldataconsistsofnameorlabels.Forexample,ifweweretalkingaboutattributesofthestudentsinclass,somecategoricalattributeswouldinclude:* Gender* HairColor* HighSchool
Althoughnumbersaretypicallyassociatedwithquantitativeattributes,numberscanbetreatedascategoricalwhentheydescribelabelsthatdonotrepresentcountsormeasurements.Forexample,ZipCodesaredescribedintheUnitedStatesasafive-digitnumber.Sincetheysignifyyourlocationofanaddress,asopposedtoacountormeasurement,ZipCodesareanexampleofanumberbeingusedasacategoricalattribute.
* Navigatetowww.tinyurl.com/codaptitanic.
* EachcaserepresentsoneTitanicpassengerwithdataaboutfourcategoricalvariables.
* Poseaquestionthatyouwouldliketoinvestigatewiththisdataset.
TitanicData
Tocreateatwo-waybinnedplotinCODAP
1. ClickonGraphinthetoolbar.2. Dragonecategoricalvariableto
thehorizontalaxis.3. Dragasecondcategorical
variabletotheverticalaxis.4. Clickonthegraph.Fromthe
Rulermenuatheright,choosecountsandpercents.SelectRowPercent,ColumnPercent,orCellPercentdependingonthequestionunderinvestigation.
TocreateabargraphinCODAP
1. Clickongraphfromthetoolbar.2. Dragonecategoricalvariabletoeitherthehorizontal
ORverticalaxis.3. Clickonthegraph.FromtheConfigurationmenuatthe
right,choose“FuseDotsintoBars.”
TocreateasegmentedbargraphinCODAP
1. Aftercreatingabargraph,dragasecondcategoricalvariableintothecenterofthegraphtocreatealegendattribute.Thebarswillbereorganizedandcolor-codedbythenewattribute.
2. Tocompareproportions,clickonthegraph.Fromtheconfigurationmenu,choosetheScaletobedisplayedasapercent.
AssociationforCategoricalVariables
Twocategoricalvariablesaresaidtobeindependentiftheirdistributionofconditionalrelativefrequenciesofonevariablearethesameforeverycategoryoftheothervariable.Otherwise,thevariableshaveanassociation,orarelationship.WhataretwovariablesyouthinkareassociatedintheTitanicdataset?Investigateit!
EmergenceofDataScience
* OldViewofStats:Poseaquestionandcollectthedatatofindout.
* NewViewofStats: Ihavethedata,whatquestionscanIanswer?
OldStatsv.NewStats
* OurnextdatasetincludesthenumberofbirthsintheUnitedStatesforeverydayintheyears2000to2014.Everycaserepresentsoneday.
* DISCUSS:Whatdoyouthinkthedistributionwouldlooklike?Why?
* Navigatetohttps://tinyurl.com/codapbirthdatestoinvestigatethedata.Whatdoyounotice?Whattrendsdoyoufind?Whydoyouthinkthesetrendsexist?
Births
InferentialReasoning:ModelingaCarnivalGame
AcarnivalDuckPondgamehasacollectionofrubberducksinapondwhere20%ofducksaremarkedontheirbellyforaprize.Ifaplayerpicksamarkedduck,theywinaprize!• Onceaduckispickeditisreturnedto
thepondandtheboothoperatorswirlsthemaroundinthepondtomixthemup.
• Eachplayerpays$1.00topick3ducks• Theboothownersexpectabout50
studentstoplaythegameatthecarnival.
ModelingaDuckPondGame
* Howmanyprizesshouldtheybepreparedtogiveawayafter50studentsplaythegame?Whatvariationmightweexpectinthetotalnumberofprizesthatwouldbewonafter50studentsplay?
* Afterchoosing3ducks,howmanyprizeswillmoststudentswin?0,1,2,or3?
* Iftheownersoftheboothexpecttomake$50fromstudentspayingtoplay,howmuchshouldtheyspendonbuyingtheprizesfortheirboothtomakeagoodprofit?
* Ifattheendofthedayonly10prizeswerewon,wouldyouthinktheownersweretellingthetruthabout20%ofducksbeingmarked?
PossibleInvestigations
* Gotowww.tinyurl.com/codapduckstoinvestigatethesimulationofthegame.
Investigate
TeachingwithCODAP
HowdoStudentsInteractwithCODAP?
* Whatarethepros/consofusingthistoolwithQuantitativeReasoningstudents?
* Whatsuccessesandstrugglesmightfacultyencounterwhenengagingwiththisrollercoasterdataandtool?
Discuss:ConsiderationsforTeaching
UsingCODAP
* https://codap.concord.org/
* Hurricanes(greatexampleofhierarchicaldata!)
ResourcesAvailable
* Createanewfile
* Createtwovariablesandaddsomedata.
* Addathirdvariableusingaformula.
* Inwebmenu,choose“Share”then“Getlinktosharedview”
Enteringandsharingdata
ThankYou!Questions?