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Page 1: Student Writer’s Notebook: Building BridgesBridgesModule$ S.Banks$ Physics$ $ 1$ $ Student Writer’s Notebook: Building Bridges Physics John Ehret High School S. Banks, Teacher

LDC  Building  Bridges  Module   S.  Banks   Physics    

1    

Student Writer’s Notebook: Building Bridges

Physics John Ehret High School

S. Banks, Teacher

Student Name_________________________

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LDC  Building  Bridges  Module   S.  Banks   Physics    

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The Task:

Task I: Task Engagement Generate a list of things that you already know about forces. Include what you know about bridges and the weight they support.

After researching forces on the structure and function of bridges,

developing a hypothesis, and conducting an experiment examining

live load forces on bridge stability, write a laboratory report that

explains your procedures and results and confirms or rejects your

hypothesis. What conclusions can you draw?

 

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Task Analysis

1. What  are  you  going  to  write  about?  

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________  

 

2. How  are  you  going  to  get  the  information?  

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________  

 

3. What  is  the  final  product  that  you  will  turn  in  to  your  teacher?  (an  essay?  A  poem?  A  list?)  

_____________________________________________________________________________________  

 

4. What  do  you  want  to  ask  your  teacher  about  the  task?  

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________  

 

5. Re-­‐write  the  prompt  in  your  own  words.  

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________  

 

6. What  will  your  teacher  need  to  teach  you  before  you  can  work  on  this  task?  Be  specific!  

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________  

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LDC  Building  Bridges  Module   S.  Banks   Physics    

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Web Quest: To be completed before beginning your lab

Directions: Go to the websites. Answer the questions that follow.

SITE I: http://www.pghbridges.com/basics.htm

Site II: http://science.howstuffworks.com/engineering /civil/bridge.htm

For each type of bridge, list the following information:

• Main characteristics (use your own words) • 2 examples of each type of bridge including the name of the bridge, the location, and the span

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beam and Girder types  

Main Characteristics: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  

Example 1:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

Example 2:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Arch Types  

Main Characteristics: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  

Example 1:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

Example 2:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

 

 

 

 

 

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Truss Types  

Main Characteristics: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  

Example 1:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

Example 2:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

 

 

 

 

 

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Suspension types  

Main Characteristics: ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________  

Example 1:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

Example 2:  

Name:_____________________________________  

Location:___________________________________  

Span:______________________________________  

 

 

 

 

 

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SITE  III:  Go  to  http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/buildingbig/lab/forces.html.  

Define  the  following  terms  in  your  own  words:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Compression  

Tension  

Bending  

Shear  

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Loads  

There  are  seven  different  types  of  loads  that  can  affect  a  bridge.  Name  and  briefly  describe  each  type  of  load.    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Torsion  

Weight  of  Structure  Definition:  

 

Weight  of  Objects  Definition:  

 

How  to  reinforce  a  bridge  to  support  more  weight:  

 

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Soft  Soil  Definition:  

 

How  to  reinforce  a  bridge  to  account  for  soft  soil:  

Temperature  Definition:  

 

How  to  reinforce  a  bridge  to  account  for  temp.  changes:  

Earthquake  Definition:  

 

How  to  reinforce  a  bridge  for  earthquake  protection:  

Wind  Definition:  

 

How  to  reinforce  a  bridge  to  account  for  strong  winds:  

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Journal  Reading:  Coupled  Safety  Assessment  of  Cable  Stay  Bridges  

Get together with your literacy partner. Skim through the article. Thoroughly read the abstract, introduction, and conclusion. Notice what each part contains. Navigate to the class webpage (physicsehretbanks.wikispaces.com) and go to the “major projects”

section. Scroll down and complete the Google questionnaire. Be sure to hit “submit” after answering all questions. Your responses will appear on a spreadsheet that the teacher can access. We will discuss the

responses as a class.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Vocabulary  from  the  article  

Vibration  Definition:  

 

How  to  reinforce  a  bridge  to  account  for  vibration:  

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The vocabulary words generated from reading the article need to be defined. Your teacher will assign 5 words for you and your partner to define. (Why not just define the words that you submitted? Good Question! I want to broaden your horizons and expose you to as many words as possible.)

The words and definitions will be compiled into one document. You will be quizzed on these words.

Your Five Words:

1._______________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

2._______________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

3._______________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

4._______________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

5._______________________________________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________________________

 

 

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Video: Modern Marvals-The Golden Gate Bridge

Watch the video and answer the following questions:

1. What was the purpose of building the bridge?

2. What were the safety concerns while the bridge was under construction?

3. What is done to keep the bridge updated and up to safety regulations?

4. What structural changes have been made to the bridge?

5. Why is the bridge painted? How was the color chosen?

6. What information from the video will assist you in building your bridge?

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Engineering Activity ************First, attend to the PowerPoint presented by your teacher.**************

Instructions for the engineering activity:

Work with your team- 3 min to plan, 15 min to build

Design and construct a structure that will support the force of as many text books as possible 1.5 inches from the surface

Only use the materials provided

› 10 sheets of paper

› 20 paper clips

› 20 drinking straws

› Tape

› Scissors

You only have 15 minutes to build your structure. Within that time, you need to test the structure for strength. Stack only one book at a time on top of it.

Observe what caused the structure to collapse or tumble and record that information below:

How does this activity relate to your template task? Record your response below:

 

 

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What’s Going to work? TEAMWORK!!

At this point in the module, you need to collaborate with you team and delegate tasks. Consider the following:

o What roles will each of you play in constructing the bridge? o Who will record the steps taken as you build? Who will take pictures? o Who will be present for bridge force testing? o Who will ensure that you are collecting enough information to write your formal lab report? o Who will type the report? o Who will proofread the report? o Who will submit the report? (MUST be submitted by email or share on google drive or presented

to teacher on flash drive) o Who will revise the report upon receiving feedback from the teacher?

Use the space below to write your collaboration notes and answer the questions above:

 

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The Lab Report In  this  experiment  your  will  have  an  opportunity  to  apply  what  you  have  learned  about  bridges  and  forces.  The  objective  of  this  experiment  is  to  build  the  strongest  bridge  possible  given  a  set  of  predetermined  constraints.  Each  group  will  present  their  design  to  the  class  and  then  test  the  maximum  weight  that  the  bridge  can  hold.    

Constraints:  

• Bridges have to be between 25 cm and 30 cm long and width must be between 5 cm and 7 cm wide. The bridges must be less than 10 cm high.

• The only materials you will have are a knife, working surfaces, ruler, wood, and glue.

 

TITLE  

Consult  with  your  group  and  decide  on  a  title  for  your  report.  Write  the  title  in  the  space  below:  

 

 

 

Purpose  

Consult  with  your  group  and  decide  on  the  purpose  of  this  activity.  Write  the  purpose  in  the  space  below:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Hypothesis  

I. What  information  will  you  need  before  you  can  formulate  a  hypothesis?  How  will  you  find  this  information?  

II.  III.  

 

 

 

 

 

II.  Write  the  hypothesis  for  your  inquisition  in  the  space  below.  The  hypothesis  must  include  the  type  of  bridge  you  are  building  and  the  relevant  terms  that  you  learned  from  doing  the  web  quest.    An  example  of  a  hypothesis  would  be  “After  researching  the  types  of  bridges  and  the  forces  that  they  can  support,  a  truss  type  bridge  will  support  the  most  weight  given  the  dimensional  constraints  of  construction  provided  by  the  teacher.  “  (do  not  copy  this  hypothesis  as  it  is  written)  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Hypothesis  

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Experimental  Procedure  

How  are  you  going  to  test  your  hypothesis?  Write  out  the  step-­‐by-­‐  step  procedure  that  you  will  use.  Make  sure  that  someone  would  be  able  to  replicate  your  procedure  using  only  your  directions.    

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_____________________________________________________________________________  

_____________________________________________________________________________  

Materials  

What  materials  will  you  use  for  your  experiment?  List  them  in  the  space  below:  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Data  

Construct  a  data  table.  You  and  your  group  need  to  decide  on  what  data  to  record  and  in  what  units.    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Conclusion  

This  is  arguably  the  most  important  part  of  your  lab  report.  The  conclusion  should  sum  up  your  experiment  and  explain  how  the  data  was  used  in  determining  whether  or  not  the  hypothesis  was  supported  or  refuted  by  the  data.  You  must  touch  upon  the  hypothesis  in  the  conclusion.  Also,  include  an  explanation  of  what  you  could  have  done  differently  to  get  more  desirable  results.    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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The Abstract An abstract should briefly:

• (Re)-establish the topic of the research project. • Give the research problem and/or main objective of the project (this usually comes

first). • Indicate the methodology used. • Present the main findings. • Present the main conclusions

Word limit: An abstract must be no more than 500 words. Refer back to the abstract in the article “Coupled Safety Assessment of Cable Stay Bridges.” Write your abstract below.

__________________________________________________________________________________________

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Abstract  

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__________________________________________________________________________________________

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You  are  not  done!!  All  of  this  information  must  be  compiled  into  a  formal  lab  report  in  APA  format.  A  template  has  been  provided  for  you  on  your  class  webpage.    The  template  contains  all  of  the  necessary  parts  and  a  description  of  what  each  component  must  contain.  The  report  must  be  typed  and  submitted  electronically  to  Mrs.  Banks.  Choose  one  of  the  options  below:  

Email  to:  [email protected]  

Share  on  google  docs  to  [email protected]  

Submit  on  flash  drive  


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