Student Seminar Subatomic PhysicsHerbert Löhner, Olaf Scholten, Johan Messchendorp

1st block, semester 1, 2009/2010 Wednesday 13:15-15:00

This course is given in the style of a seminar with an introduction by the

lecturers and presentations given by the participants. A topic of high current interest in subatomic physics will be studied by discussing

review articles from recent literature. Participants will be supervised by the

instructors in individually arranged coaching sessions in preparing their

specific contribution for the presentation.

Current topic:

“Non-perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics” Physics at BES-III

Literature:IHEP-Physics-Report-BES-III-2008-001-v1

(http://arxiv.org/abs/0809.1869v1)Editors: Kuang-Ta Chao and Yifang Wang

Website: t.b.awith current info

What is BES III

Detector at the BEPCII accelerator in BejingBEPC=Bejing Electron Positron Collider at the

IHEP (Institute of High Energy Physics)

Operates at Ecm=2.0-4.2 GeV, tau-lepton en charm-quark production

CERN courier, june 8, 2009: 100 million ψ(2S)http://cerncourier.com/cws/article/cern/39149

1.11.1 The Status of the The Status of the BEPCBEPC

2.1 2.1 The double ring structure of BEPCIIThe double ring structure of BEPCII

• Adapt to high event rate of BEPCII: 1033cm-2 s-1 and bunch spacing 8ns• Reduce sys. errors to match high statistics • Increase acceptance

MDC: small cell & He gas xy=130 mp/p = 0.5% @1GeV dE/dx=6%

EMCAL: CsI crystalE/E = 2.5% @1GeV z = 0.5 cm/E

TOF: T = 80 ps Barrel 100 ps Endcap

Magnet: - 0.4-0.5 T existing BESII magnet - 1 T Super conducting magnet

Muon ID: 9 layer RPC

Trigger: Tracks & ShowersPipelined; Latency = 2.4s

Data Acquisition: Event rate = 3KHz Thruput ~ 50 MB/s

BESIII detectorBESIII detector

Physics interest (1)3 families

– quarks– leptonen

Physics interest (2)

• 1/mc may serve as perturbation parameter

• Charmed states are distinct in Energy• CP-violation laboratory

– (shows primarily in decays)

What is structure states???

Student Seminar, Grading Criteria

Preparation:

Making use of proposed literature

Incorporating additional literature

Understanding of the subject matter

Depth of the presentation

Structure of the presentation

Presentation:

Formulation of stimulating questions

Answering questions from audience

Presentation technique

Quality of slides

Time management

Participation:

Presence during seminar hours

Active participation during seminar hours

Contributing questions before the seminar sessions

Answering questions at the end of seminar sessions

Final written exam, based on presented material;vrijstelling mogelijk bij voldoende resultaat wekelijkse deelname

Seminar Preparation Timeline

week

N-3 discuss outline material

N-2 present overview presentation give the group a tutorial reference (~5 pages)

N-1 1st trial presentation

N Monday 2nd trial presentation

N Wednesday Presentation

Topics / chapters2 The BES-III detector and offline software 9 - 213.1 Monte Carlo Generators3.3 Particle Identification3.4 Kinematic Fitting3.5 Partial Wave Analysis 60 - 703.6 Dalitz-plot Analysis Formalism 70 - 774 Physics Processes and Radiative Corrections5 Hadronic fragmentation 103 - 1096 R values and precision test of the Standard Model 111 - 1327 Experimental tests of QCD9 - 9.3 Meson spectroscopy (conventional mesons, glue balls) 173 - 2009.4 - 9.6 Meson spectroscopy (hybrids, multi-quarks, molecules) 200 - 23210 Baryon spectrum 233 - 25011 Physics of soft pions (PCAC) 251 - 26513 Theoretical Frameworks of Charmonium Physics (NRQCD) 295 - 30314 Charmonium Spectroscopy 305 - 32415 Charmonium transitions 15.1-15.2 Hadronic and radiative tr. 327 - 344

15.3-15.4 channels for new exp.s 344 - 36417 Radiative decays 379 - 39122 Leptonic, semileptonic D(DS) decays and CKM matrix25 D0 − D0 Mixing 627 - 65626 CP and T Violation 657 - 67129 Tau Decays

Hadronic fragmentation

Figure 5.3: (a) String fragmentation in time-longitudinal phase-space by a set of new pairs (q¯q or q¯qq¯q) production, hadrons (mesons M and baryons B) form at the vertices;(b) the vertex V divides the n-body string fragmentation into two clusters that contain n1 and n2 hadrons with squared invariant masses s1 and s2.

R values and precision test of the Standard Model

Figure 6.1: Rhad versus cms energy. Measurements are shown with statistical errors. The relative uncertainty assigned to the parameterization is shown as a band and given with numbers at the bottom (from Ref. [43]).

Running of the EM coupling constant

Meson spectroscopy (Glue Balls)

Figure 9.1: The mass spectrum of glueballs in pure SU(3) gauge theory. The masses are given both in terms of r0 (r−1

0 = 410MeV) and in GeV. The thickness of each colored box indicates the statistical uncertainty of the mass.

Meson spectroscopy(hybrids, multi-quarks, molecules)

Figure 9.24: The η′π+π− invariant mass for J/ψ → γη′π+π−. The generated signals and backgrounds are normalized to 3 × 109J/ψ events and are added incoherently.

Baryon spectrum

Figure 10.3: Various pictures for internal quark-gluon structure of baryons: (a) qqq, (b) qqqg hybrid, (c) diquark, d) meson-baryon state, (e) pentaquark with diquark clusters.

Physics of soft pions (PCAC)

Figure 11.7: The Kπ invariant mass recoiling against a K∗. The crosses are data and histograms represent the PWA fit projection. The shaded area shows the κ contribution.

Non-Relativistic QCD Effective Field Theory (NRQCD)

Table 13.1: Different recent determinations of mb(mb) and mc(mc) in the MS scheme from the bottomonium and the charmonium systems. The displayed results either use direct determinations or non-relativistic sum rules. Here and in the text, the ∗indicates that the theoretical input is only partially complete at that order.

Charmonium Spectroscopy

Figure 14.1: Predicted and observed spectrum of charmonium states (Table 14.2). The solid lines are experiment for reasonably well-established charmonium states.

Charmonium transitions

Figure 15.4: Radiative transitions between charmonium states below the open charmthreshold.

Figure 15.5: Hadronic transitions of ψ′ to other charmonium states.

Radiative decays; Alpha(S)

Figure 17.1: Direct contributions in the weak coupling regime. The solid green linecorresponds to the calculation for the central region at NLO, which should be reliable up to z < 0.7 . The blue dot-dashed line corresponds to the calculation for the upper end-point region, which is expected to provide a reasonable model for 0.7 < z < 0.9. The red dashed line is the curve obtained by merging.

D0 − D0 Mixing

Figure 25.1: Standard Model box diagrams of flavor-changing neutral currents contributing to D0 − D0 mixing at the quark level.

CP and T Violation

Table 26.1: Measurements of CP violating asymmetries in neutral D decays in different modes.

Topics / chapters2 The BES-III detector and offline software 9 - 213.1 Monte Carlo Generators3.3 Particle Identification3.4 Kinematic Fitting3.5 Partial Wave Analysis 60 - 703.6 Dalitz-plot Analysis Formalism 70 - 774 Physics Processes and Radiative Corrections5 Hadronic fragmentation 103 - 1096 R values and precision test of the Standard Model 111 - 1327 Experimental tests of QCD9 - 9.3 Meson spectroscopy (conventional mesons, glue balls) 173 - 2009.4 - 9.6 Meson spectroscopy (hybrids, multi-quarks, molecules) 200 - 23210 Baryon spectrum 233 - 25011 Physics of soft pions (PCAC) 251 - 26513 Theoretical Frameworks of Charmonium Physics (NRQCD) 295 - 30314 Charmonium Spectroscopy 305 - 32415 Charmonium transitions 15.1-15.2 Hadronic and radiative tr. 327 - 344

15.3-15.4 channels for new exp.s 344 - 36417 Radiative decays 379 - 39122 Leptonic, semileptonic D(DS) decays and CKM matrix25 D0 − D0 Mixing 627 - 65626 CP and T Violation 657 - 67129 Tau Decays

Schedule Student Seminar Subatomic Physics 2009: Non-perturbative QCD

date Topic Speaker(s) Coach 2 sept. Introduction OS 9 sept. Panda meeting in FZ Juelich (preparation of subjects, no seminar)

16 sept. Detector properties Ganesh Tambave JMVanni Jothi

23 sept. Meson spectroscopy Hanna Renkema OS(conventional mesons, glue balls) Meike Door

30 sept. Meson spectroscopy Samuel Hoekman T. HL(hybrids, multi-quarks, molecules) Zorione Herrasti

7 oct. D0 − D0 Mixing Niels vd VegteRoel Tempelaar OS , JM

14 oct. Charmonium transitions Hans Kuipers Maikel de Vries OS , JM

21 oct. Theoretical Frameworks of Tom Boot Charmonium Physics (NRQCD) Victor Haverkort HL

28 oct. CP and T Violation Wouter Dekens Gianluca Inguglia (?) OS , JM