stt and tropopause changes from radar windprofilers and ozonesondes david w. tarasick

37
UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1 Environm ent Canada Environnem ent Canada STT and Tropopause Changes from STT and Tropopause Changes from Radar Windprofilers and Radar Windprofilers and Ozonesondes Ozonesondes David W. Tarasick Air Quality Research Division, Air Quality Research Division, Environment Environment Canada Canada W.K. Hocking (UWO) T. Carey-Smith (NIWA)

Upload: freya-petersen

Post on 30-Dec-2015

16 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

STT and Tropopause Changes from Radar Windprofilers and Ozonesondes David W. Tarasick Air Quality Research Division, Environment Canada W.K. Hocking (UWO) T. Carey-Smith (NIWA). Walsingham. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 11EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

STT and Tropopause Changes STT and Tropopause Changes from Radar Windprofilers and from Radar Windprofilers and

OzonesondesOzonesondes

David W. TarasickAir Quality Research Division, Air Quality Research Division, Environment Environment

CanadaCanada

W.K. Hocking (UWO)T. Carey-Smith (NIWA)

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 22EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Walsingham

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 33EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 44EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Radar signal power from the first Montreal campaign. Solid line shows the tropopause height derived from this data.

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 55EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 66EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Ozonesonde profiles from this campaign. White solid line = radar tropopause. The dashed lines indicate times when the tropopause undergoes rapid ascent.

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 77EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

FLEXPART modeling seems to show good correspondence with apparent intrusions

Driven by wind fields from the Canadian operational NWP model: GEM v3.2.0. North American regional grid, 0.5° x 0.5°, hourly, 58 levels.

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 88EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Almost every ozone intrusion follows a level 2 or 3 (0.3 – 0.4 km/hr) tropopause excursion. Every level 2 or 3 tropopause excursion is associated with an intrusion.

-0.4

-0.2

0.0

0.2

0.4

04

/29

05

/01

05

/03

05

/05

05

/07

05

/09

Trop

opau

se V

erti

cal V

eloc

ity

(km

/hr)

2005

0

1

2

3

4Montreal

Trop

opau

se G

rad

ien

t In

dic

ator

(b

lack

)

11

/18

11

/20

11

/22

11

/24

11

/26

2005

Walsingham

04

/26

04

/28

04

/30

05

/02

05

/04

2006

Walsingham

08

/15

08

/17

08

/19

08

/21

08

/23

08

/25

2006

Walsingham

11

/01

11

/03

11

/05

11

/07

2006

Montreal

02

/25

02

/27

03

/01

03

/03

2007

Walsingham

>25

15-25

<15

Intrusionindicator

(ppb abovebackground)

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 99EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

260 280 300 320 340 360

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

x 104

Potential Temperature/Temperature+60

0 100 200 300 400 5000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2x 10

4

O3 (ppb)/RH (%)

Alti

tude

(m

)

Ozone (sonde)RHPotential TemperatureTemperature

Montreal 20050505 0z

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1010EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

260 280 300 320 340 360

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

x 104

Potential Temperature/Temperature+60

0 100 200 300 400 5000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2x 10

4

O3 (ppb)/RH (%)

Alti

tude

(m

)

Ozone (sonde)RHPotential TemperatureTemperature

Montreal 20050508 12z

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1111EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

260 280 300 320 340 360

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

x 104

Potential Temperature/Temperature+60

0 100 200 300 400 5000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2x 10

4

O3 (ppb)/RH (%)

Alti

tude

(m

)

Ozone (sonde)RHPotential TemperatureTemperature

Walsingham 20060818 13z

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1212EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

260 280 300 320 340 360

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

x 104

Potential Temperature/Temperature+60

0 100 200 300 400 5000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2x 10

4

O3 (ppb)/RH (%)

Alti

tude

(m

)

Ozone (sonde)RHPotential TemperatureTemperature

Walsingham 20060822 13z

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1313EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

260 280 300 320 340 360

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2

x 104

Potential Temperature/Temperature+60

0 100 200 300 400 5000

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

1.2

1.4

1.6

1.8

2x 10

4

O3 (ppb)/RH (%)

Alti

tude

(m

)

Ozone (sonde)RHPotential TemperatureTemperature

Montreal 20050429 13z

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1414EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

z

zq

T

q

zT

pM

ln

2

ln

115500

1)ln

)((1076.7 5

The vertical gradient of the refractive index

2nd term in square brackets is generally ignored, as q is small above the lower troposphere. But, where there are sharp negative gradients of water vapour, can be much larger than and the term in q can dominate.

qlnln

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1515EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Successive ozone and water vapor pressure profiles taken four hours apart on 19 August, 2004. Movement can be seen, as peak A moves to peak B.

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1616EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Conclusions

Stratospheric intrusions generally preceded by rapid changes in tropopause height

Quite common at midlatitudes (every 2-5 days)

Success of FLEXPART modeling suggests that GEM dynamics are quite good

Radar appears to be a particularly good intrusion detector

May be possible to follow the descent of layers of low humidity

Can we transfer this to Brewer total ozone changes?

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1717EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

EXTRAS

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1818EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Continuing work…

CFCAS project GR-7042, "Impact of Large-Scale Stratospheric Ozone Intrusions on Operational Air Quality Forecast Model Applications” (Bourqui, Moran, McConnell, Jones, He, Osman)

New radars at Egbert, Sudbury, Eureka

Ozone data from Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer (TES) on the NASA Aura satellite

Several more ozonesonde campaigns with coordinated launches

Use of GEM-MACH

Operational GEM-based post-processing package for diagnosis of STE (Bourqui, Neary, Moran)

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 1919EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

0

5

10

1502/2

3

02/2

4

02/2

5

02/2

6

02/2

7

02/2

8

03/0

1

03/0

2

03/0

3

03/0

4

Ozone Mixing Ratio (ppb): Walsingham 07/02/23 - 07/03/04

Alt

itu

de (

km)

Time (UT)

20

40

60

80

100

120

0

5

10

15

02

/23

02

/24

02

/25

02

/26

02

/27

02

/28

03

/01

03

/02

03

/03

03

/04

Ozone Mixing Ratio (ppb): FLEXPART 07/02/23 - 07/03/04

Alt

itu

de

(km

)

Time (UT)

0

10

20

30

40

50

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2020EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Radar signal power from the first Walsingham campaign. Dashed line shows the tropopause height derived from this data.

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2121EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Ozonesonde profiles from this campaign..

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2222EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2323EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2424EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2525EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2626EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2727EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2828EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 2929EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3030EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3131EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3232EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3333EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3434EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3535EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3636EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - UTLS Workshop, NCAR – 20/10/2009 - 3737EnvironmentCanada

EnvironnementCanada

Modelling the intrusions With FLEXPART - Written by Andreas Stohl

http://zardoz.nilu.no/~andreas/flextra+flexpart.html

A Lagrangian particle dispersion model

The model domain is filled with (millions of) particles.

Particles initially in the stratosphere are given an ozone concentration calculated using potential vorticity.

Ozone "parcels" are then advected with the model winds.

Wind fields from Canadian forecast model: GEM version 3.2.0

North American regional grid.

0.5 x 0.5 degrees, 58 levels, hourly.