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ISBN: 978-1-61567-158-8
Structures Congress 2009 Don’t Mess With Structural Engineers
Austin, Texas, USA 30 April - 2 May 2009
Volume 1 of 4
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
VOLUME 1
BRIDGE AND TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURES 1
BRIDGE DESIGN PRACTICE 183A Turnpike: A Design-Build Success Story ................................................................................................................... 1
Lisa Carter Powell, Arthur Champlin
Effectiveness of Bent Plate Connection for End Cross-frames in Skewed Steel Bridges ............................................... 11Anthony Battistini, Craig Quadrato, Todd Helwig, Michael Engelhardt, Karl Frank
Safety Issues for Performance Based Design of High-speed MAGLEV Guideway Structures ..................................... 21Thomas T. Baber
Trapezoidal Steel Box Girder Design for Spur 366 Extension Project............................................................................ 27Yingqin Jin, Chris M. Gilstrap, Charles E. Quade
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF BRIDGES A Novel Approach to Analyze Existing Bridges Efficiently ............................................................................................. 37
F. Necati Catbas, H. Burak Gokce
Numerical Investigation of River Ice-Bridge Pier Interaction ......................................................................................... 48Feng Xiong, Gang Xu
Three-Dimensional Wind Correlation: Estimations from In-Situ Measurements ......................................................... 58Ferawati Gani, Louis-Philippe Parent, Frederic Legeron, Stoyan Stoyanoff, Pierre Van Dyke
BRIDGE CONSTRUCTION ISSUES A Method to Calculate Rotational Deformations of Curved Plate Girders During Lifting .......................................... 68
Jason Stith, Andrew Schuh, Jamie Farris, Todd Helwig, Eric Williamson, Karl Frank, Michael Engelhardt
Construction Control of a Self-Anchored Suspension Bridge with Space Reticulate Cable ......................................... 78Tan Yong-Gang, Zhao Xu, Zhang Zhe
Rehabilitating a Historic Wooden Covered Bridge to Carry Modern Truck Loads with No Visual Impacts to the Structure...................................................................................................................................................... 89
James Pezzotti
BRIDGE MONITORING AND SERVICEABILITY Finite Element Model Updating of Scale Bridge Model Using Measured Modal Response Data ................................. 98
Masoud Sanayei, Christopher DiCarlo
Structural Health Monitoring of Bridges: Fundamentals, Application Case Study and Organizational Considerations ................................................................................................................................................................... 108
F. Necati Catbas, Mustafa Gul, Ricardo Zaurin, Thomas Terrell, Yunus Dere, Marcus H. Ansley, Dan M. Frangopol, Kirk A. Grimmelsman
Structural Identification of Bridges to Assess Safety and Performance........................................................................ 119Jeffrey Weidner, John Prader, Nathan Dubbs, Franklin Moon, A. Emin Aktan
INNOVATIONS IN BRIDGE STRUCTURAL DESIGN Field Measurements on Steel Girder Bridge with Skewed Supports Utilizing Lean-On Bracing............................... 125
Jeremiah Fasl, Michelle Romage, Todd Helwig, Reagan Herman, Karl Frank
Forty Foot Pedestrian Bridge - Aesthetics Integral to Structure ................................................................................... 135William Collins, John Ruff, Kristen York, Bashar S. Qubain
FEATURED BRIDGES IN TEXAS Current State of Segmental Bridge Design/Construction in Texas................................................................................ 145
Michael D. Hyzak, Amy E. Eskridge, Dean Van Landuyt, David P. Hohmann, Brian Merrill, Jon F. Holt
Lake Lewisville Passage Span Bridge .............................................................................................................................. 155Wally R. Burns, David McDonnold
Margaret Hunt Hill (Woodall Rodgers) Bridge .............................................................................................................. 164Scott Lomax, Charles E. Quade
BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURE ANALYSIS FEM Analysis and Field Vibration Testing of a Multispan Curved Girder Bridge..................................................... 174
Thomas T. Baber, John C. Lydzinski, Robert S. Turnage
Rolling Tire Functions for Finite Element Models.......................................................................................................... 183P. Bradford
Safety Evaluation of Seismic Behaviour of the Bill Emerson Memorial Cable-Stayed Bridge ................................... 193Dongming Yan, Genda Chen
Secondary Moments of Continuous Prestressed Concrte Beams Using Closed Form Equation ................................ 203Venketaramani Tiruchirapalli, Riyadh Hindi
BRIDGE SUBSTRUCTURES ANALYSIS Curved Integral Abutment Bridges - Thermal Response Predictions Through Finite Element Analysis.................. 213
Emre Kalayci, Sergio F. Brena, Scott A.Civjan
Non-Linear Finite Element Analysis of RC Bridge Columns using the Softened Membrane Model ......................... 223T. R. S. Mullapudi, Ashraf Ayoub
Seismic Design and Ductility Evaluation of Partially Concrete-Filled Steel Box Columns ......................................... 233Iraj H. P. Mamaghani
BRIDGE MATERIAL ISSUES Mechanical Properties of Hot-Dip Galvanized Steel....................................................................................................... 243
Thomas J. Langill
Metal Straps as Soil Reinforcement on Full Height Abutments .................................................................................... 249Wendy Haugeto, Mike Yang, Arjuna Ranasinghe
On the Effect of Ductility of Confining Material on Concrete Ductility ....................................................................... 259Hasan A. Moghaddam, Maysam Samadi
Using Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete in Post-Tensioned Anchorage Zones .............................................................. 270Brenda Robinson, Kamal S. Tawfiq, Nur Yazdani
SAFETY OF BRIDGES Central Artery/Tunnel Project-wide Post-tensioning Tendon Grout Void Assessment .............................................. 280
Travis Green, Mark Moore, Gary Klein
Evaluation of Behavior of a Laterally Loaded Bridge Pile Group under Scour Conditions ....................................... 290Caroline R. Bennett, Cheng Lin, Robert Parsons, Jie Han
Saving Our Infrastructures............................................................................................................................................... 300Lung-Yang Lai, Peter Kim, Tony Jen
Seismic Vulnerability of Bridges Susceptible to Spatially Distributed Soil Liquefaction Hazards............................. 305Bayram Aygun, Leonardo Duenas-Osorio, Jamie E. Padgett, Reginald DesRoches
BRIDGE AND TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURES 2
HISTORIC BRIDGE PRESERVATION: STATE PROGRAMS AND CASE STUDIES Conversion of the 1.25 Mile Long Poughkeepsie-Highland Railroad Bridge into a Multi-Use State Park using the Public-Private Partnership Process ........................................................................................................ 315
Peter Melewski, John Brizzell, Mike Cooper
Minnesota's Preservation of State-owned Historic Bridges for Long-term Transportation Use ................................ 324Robert M. Frame, Steven A. Olson, Amy Squitieri
Preserving Historic Bridges: Strategies to Overcome Obsolescence ............................................................................. 333Charles E. Walker
Rehabilitation of the Historic Hays Street Viaduct in San Antonio, Texas................................................................... 343S. Patrick Sparks
REHABILITATION OF HISTORIC BRIDGES: EXAMPLES FROM PRACTICE Rehabilitation of the Beveridge Suspension Bridge ........................................................................................................ 351
Charles E. Walker
Ultrasonic Study at Cimarron Narrow-Gauge Railroad Bridge.................................................................................... 361Bradley D. VanOtterloo, Frederick R. Rutz, Kevin L. Rens
Kings Covered Bridge Rehabilitation, Somerset County, PA ........................................................................................ 371William J. Collins, Samer H. Petro
Retrofit Railings for Historic Metal Truss Bridges......................................................................................................... 381William F. Williams
THE ROLE OF STRUCTURAL IDENTIFICATION IN INFRASTRUCTURE DECISION MAKING Experiences in Testing and Modeling for Bridge Maintenance and Rehabilitation..................................................... 391
Harry W. Shenton III, Michael J. Chajes
Parametric Bootstrap for System Identification of a Scaled Reinforced Concrete Bridge.......................................... 397Shamim N. Pakzad, Matthew Dryden, Gregory L. Fenves
Title: Accounting for the Impact of Thermal Loads in Nondestructive Bridge Testing .............................................. 406Erin Santini Bell, Jesse D. Sipple
Structural Identification of Various Constructed Systems to Inform Decisions .......................................................... 416Franklin Moon, A. Emin Aktan, David Lowdermilk, Lawrence Egan
THE FHWA’S LONG TERM BRIDGE PERFORMANCE (LTBP) PROGRAM: ORGANIZATION, TEAMBUILDING, DIRECTION Development of Data Infrastructure for the Long Term Bridge Performance Program ............................................ 422
Mathaeus Dejori, Hassan H. Malik, Fabian Moerchen, Nazif C. Tas, Claus Neubauer
Long Term Bridge Performance Program: Identifying Long Term Bridge Performance Data Priorities ............................................................................................................................................................................. 431
Michael C. Brown, Maureen L. Hammer, John M. Hooks
LTBP Bridge Monitoring, Testing and Instrumentation ............................................................................................... 439Paul J. Barr, Marvin W. Halling, Tommy E. Cousins, Carin L. Roberts-Wollmann, Elisa D. Sotelino
Meeting LTBP Program Objectives through Periodical Bridge Condition Monitoring by Nondestructive Evaluation................................................................................................................................................ 446
Nenad Gucunski, Sabine Kruschwitz, Ruediger Feldmann, Carl Rascoe
USE OF RISK AND RELIABILITY IN BRIDGE INSPECTION Relative Risk Assessment of Cable-Supported Structures ............................................................................................. 456
Brian J. Leshko
Risk-based Bridge Evaluations - A Texas Perspective.................................................................................................... 466Alan Kowalik
INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE OF BRIDGES A Comparison of AASHTO Bridge Load Rating Methods ............................................................................................ 472
Cristopher D. Moen, Leo Fernandez
Creating a Bridge Inspection Program ............................................................................................................................ 480Deborah Steinberg
Managing Premature Concrete Deterioration in Bridges .............................................................................................. 485Mark E. Williams, Dilip Choudhuri
The Changing World of Underwater Bridge Inspections............................................................................................... 491Jeffrey B. Rowe
CABLE SUPPORTED BRIDGES Luling Bridge Stay Cable Replacement ........................................................................................................................... 498
Armin B. Mehrabi
Newport/Pell Bridge Main Cable Investigation and Anchorage Dehumidification ..................................................... 508Roger Haight, Debra Moolin, Peter Janaros
Replacing Stay-Cables of the Rhine River Bridge Rheinbrucke Flehe without Traffic Interruption ........................ 518Gero A. Marzahn, Sven Sieberth, Stefan Gurtmann
Stay Cable Vibration Testing at the Leonard P. Zakim Bunker Hill Memorial Bridge .............................................. 528Travis Green, Mark Moore, W. Robert Hannen
BRIDGE VULNERABILITY TO EXTREME HAZARDS A Probabilistic Model for the Estimation of Shear Capacity of Bridge Piers Subjected to Dynamic Loading............................................................................................................................................................................... 537
Hrishikesh Sharma, Stefan Hurlebaus, Paolo Gardoni
Multi-Hazard Consideration of Seismic and Aging Threats to Bridges........................................................................ 547Jayadipta Ghosh, Jamie E. Padgett
Storm Surge and Wave Loading on Bridge Superstructures......................................................................................... 557Justin Marin, D. Max Sheppard
BUILDINGS
STRUCTURAL DESIGN PERFORMANCE AND SERVICEABILITY Enhancing the Structural Performance of a Slender Residential Tower Using Supplemental Damping System................................................................................................................................................................................. 567
Bujar Myslimaj, Jamieson Robinson, Andrew Smith, Stephen DeSimone, Christopher Cerino, Ashley Byrne
Floor Response Spectra for Frame Buildings under Ultimate and Serviceability Limit States .................................. 577S. R. Uma, John Zhao, Andrew King
Performance-Based Design for Motion Control of a Supertall Tower .......................................................................... 587Scott Gamble, Jamieson K. Robinson, Rabih Alkhatib, Andrew Smith, Trevor Haskett, Joseph Burns, David McLean
Probabilistic Assessment of Occupant Comfort in Tall Buildings................................................................................. 599Rachel Bashor, Ahsan Kareem
THE DIRECT ANALYSIS METHOD: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS AND APPLICATIONS Direct Analysis Method Case Study - Addressing Stability for the Russia Tower ....................................................... 609
Robert A. Halvorson, Carrie Warner, Alex Lang
Interface of the Direct Analysis Method and Seismic Design......................................................................................... 619Taichiro Okazaki, Mathew Parkolap, Larry A. Fahnestock
Three-dimensional Verification and Application of the Direct Analysis Approach..................................................... 627Andrea E. Surovek, Bulent N. Alemdar, Aaron J. Hartwell
STRUCTURAL FIRE RESISTANCE DESIGN I Effect of Restraint Force Location on the Response of Steel Beams Exposed to Fire .................................................. 632
Mahmud Dwaikat, Venkatesh Kodur
Modified Connection Details for Single Plate Steel Connections under Fire................................................................ 642Serdar Selamet, Maria E. Garlock
Numerical Study of the Fire Resistance of Steel Columns in Axial Compression and Uniform Bending .................. 650Didier Talamona
Stress-Strain Relationships for Concrete at Elevated Temperatures ............................................................................ 660Adam Knaack, Yahya Kurama, David Kirkner
STRUCTURAL FIRE RESISTANCE DESIGN II Behavior of High Strength Concrete Columns under Design Fire Scenarios ............................................................... 670
Nikhil Raut, Venkatesh Kodur
Simple Approach for Calculating Inelastic Deflections of Simply Supported Steel Beams under Fire...................... 680Shahid Iqbal, Mahmud Dwaikat, Ronald S. Harichandran
Stability Behavior of Steel Building Structures with Perimeter MRFs under Fire Loading Effects .......................... 687Anil Agarwal, Amit H. Varma, Guillermo Cedeno
ADVANCES IN WIND ENGINEERING PRACTICE AND RESEARCH FOR TALL BUILDINGS Effects of Structural and Aerodynamic Couplings on the Dynamic Response of Tall Twin Buildings with a Skybridge ................................................................................................................................................................ 697
Juntack Lim, Bogusz Bienkiewicz
Wind Engineering for Louisville Museum Plaza ............................................................................................................ 706J. Andrew Fry, Daryl Boggs, Kevin Solberg, Brian Morgen
Wind Engineering Studies for Super-tall Buildings........................................................................................................ 716Jiming Xie, Derek Kelly
VOLUME 2
DESIGN AND SPECIFICATION OF COLD-FORMED STEEL FOR THE PRACTICING ENGINEER Design and Specification of Standing Seam Roof Panels and Systems.......................................................................... 726
W. Lee Shoemaker
Design and Specification of Metal Studs .......................................................................................................................... 736Don Allen
COLLAPSE PREVENTION DESIGN OF STEEL BUILDINGS FOR MODERATE SEISMIC REGIONS I: CONNECTIONS Origins of R=3.................................................................................................................................................................... 746
Charles J. Carter
Cyclic Behavior and Performance of Beam-Column Connections in Concentrically Braced Frames ....................... 756Larry A. Fahnestock, Christopher D. Stoakes
Vertical Bracing Connections for Moderate Seismic Demands ..................................................................................... 764Larry S. Muir, William A. Thornton
COLLAPSE PREVENTION DESIGN OF STEEL BUILDINGS FOR MODERATE SEISMIC REGIONS II: SYSTEMS Building Design for Moderate Seismic Regions .............................................................................................................. 774
Peter J. Cheever, Eric M. Hines
Eccentric Braced Frame Design for Moderate Seismic Regions.................................................................................... 784Eric M. Hines
Seismic Performance of Conventional Construction Braced Steel Frames Designed According to Canadian Seismic Provisions ............................................................................................................................................ 794
Robert Tremblay, Pierre X. Castonguay, Kim Guilini-Charette, Sanda Koboevic
Steel-Framed Rocking Structural Systems for Moderate Seismic Zones...................................................................... 804Matthew Eatherton, Jerome F. Hajjar, Gregory G. Deierlein, Xiang Ma, Sarah Billington, Helmut Krawinkler
RESEARCH ADVANCES 1
FUNCTIONALLY UPGRADED PASSIVE DEVICES I Definition and Examples of Functionally Upgraded Passive Devices............................................................................ 813
Genda Chen
Effectiveness of Partial Isolation of Bridges for Improving Column Performance...................................................... 821Keri L. Ryan, Wenying Hu
Fundamental Frequency of Water Sloshing Waves in a Sloped-Bottom Tank as Tuned Liquid Damper ............................................................................................................................................................................... 831
Meziane Idir, Xiaohua Ding, Genda Chen
Seismic Isolators of Variable Stiffness for Earthquakes with Strong Long-period Components ............................... 841Lyan-Ywan Lu, I-Ling Yeh, Hsun Chang
FUNCTIONALLY UPGRADED PASSIVE DEVICES II Structural Control Using Functionally Upgraded Spring-Damper Isolator Having Integral Gapping Elements ............................................................................................................................................................................. 850
Douglas P. Taylor, John C. Metzger
Experimental Study on the Seismic Performance of a Large-scale TLD Model with Sloped Bottoms....................... 860XiaoHua Ding, Meziane Idir, MengLin Lou, GenDa Chen
Variation of Supplemental Stiffness and Damping using Adjustable Passive Fluid Spring and Damper in Scissor Jack System....................................................................................................................................................... 870
Satish Nagarajaiah, Douglas Taylor, J. Dyck
NON BUILDING AND SPECIAL STRUCTURES 1
DESIGN OF TENSIONED FABRIC STRUCTURES "Archineering" Trends for Tensioned Fabric Structures.............................................................................................. 878
Wilfried Laufs, Thornton Tomasetti
Design of Connections for Tensioned Fabric Structures ................................................................................................ 884Craig G. Huntington
Loading Considerations for Tensioned Fabric Structures ............................................................................................. 894David M. Campbell
Modeling of Tensioned Fabric Structures ....................................................................................................................... 899Michael W. Ishler
TENSILE MEMBRANE STRUCTURES Architectural Membranes used for Tensile Membrane Structures............................................................................... 909
Frank Bradenburg
Structural Fabric Tear Propagation ................................................................................................................................ 916Wayne Rendely
DESIGN OPTIONS FOR HEAVY INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES Buckling Restrained Braced Frame Application for a Power Plant.............................................................................. 920
Harold O. Sprague
Design of Modular Composite Walls Subjected to Thermal and Mechanical Loading ............................................... 928S. R. Malushte, P. N. Booth, A. H. Varma
Use of Concrete Filled Tube (CFT) Vertical Braces in a Moderate/High Seismic Area .............................................. 936John W. Oleksik, Tim M. Gilbert, Sanjeev R. Malushte
CONCRETE COOLING TOWERS From Cooling Towers to Chimneys of Solar Upwind Power Plants.............................................................................. 944
Reinhard Harte, Wilfried B. Kratzig, Hans-Jurgen Niemann
New German Natural Draft Cooling Towers for High-efficient Power Generation .................................................... 954Ulrich Ecktein, Reinhard Harte, Wilfried B. Kraetzig, Ralf Woermann
DESIGN AND EVALUATION OF CONCRETE INDUSTRIAL CHIMNEYS An Investigation on Seismic Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Industrial Chimneys ............................................... 964
Necip Onder Akinci
Evaluation of Concrete Chimneys Designed According to ACI 307 Standard ............................................................. 972Javeed Munshi, Sungjin Bae, Carlos Coronado, Jie Li, Ossama Ali
The New ACI 307-08 Chimney Code - Seismic Design Requirements .......................................................................... 982Shu-jin Fang, Bob Porthouse
Nonlinear Analysis of a Collapsed Reinforced Concrete Chimney................................................................................ 994Phillip L. Gould, Wei Huang
SEISMIC DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF SPECIAL STRUCTURES Seismic Behavior Considerations for Jumbo Container Cranes.................................................................................. 1000
Benjamin D. Kosbab, Roberto T. Leon, Reginald DesRoches
Seismic Hazard Mitigation of Wine Barrel Stacks........................................................................................................ 1010Charles Chadwell, Kyle Brennan, Matthew Porter
Simplified Dynamic Analysis Methods for Guyed Telecommunication Masts Under Seismic Excitation ............... 1020S. Ali Ghafari Oskoei, Ghyslaine McClure
LOCAL RESEARCH
HIGHLIGHTS OF RESEARCH IN TEXAS – CONCRETE STRUCTURES Experimental Investigation of Full-Depth Precast Overhang Panels for Concrete Bridge Decks ............................ 1030
Thomas J. Mander, Matthew D. Henley, Reece M. Scott, Monique Hite Head, John B. Mander, David Trejo
Mechanical Properties of Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams ............................................................................. 1039Padmanabha Rao Tadepalli, Y. L. Mo, Thomas T. C. Hsu, John Vogel
Shear Capacity of Large-Scale Bridge Bent Specimens Subject to Alkali-Silica Reaction and Delayed Ettringite Formation ....................................................................................................................................................... 1049
Dean Deschenes, Oguzhan Bayrak, Kevin Folliard
Shear Strength of Steel Fiber Reinforced Prestressed Concrete Beams ..................................................................... 1058Jae-Sung Cho, Joe Lundy, Shih-Ho Chao
Elevated Temperature Properties of ASTM A992 Steel............................................................................................... 1067Guanyu Hu, Mohammed Ali Morovat, Jinwoo Lee, Eric Schell, Michael Engelhardt
HIGHLIGHTS OF RESEARCH IN TEXAS – PERFORMANCE BASED DESIGN, LOSS, AND DAMAGE ASSESSMENT Loss Model for Seismically Damaged Structures .......................................................................................................... 1077
John B. Mander, Jyotirmoy Sircar
NSF Nees Small-Group Project on Performancebased Design of Masonry and Masonry Veneer ........................... 1087Seongwoo Jo, Hussein Okail, Richard E. Klingner, W. Mark McGinley, P. Benson Shing
Realtime Damage Detection in Buildings using Filter Based Radial Basis Function Network Mapping ................. 1097Michael Contreras, Satish Nagarajaiah, Sriram Narasimhan
RESEARCH ADVANCES 2
BLAST TO PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE – COMPONENT VS. SYSTEM ANALYSIS AND DESIGN Developing Rational and Efficacious Blast-Resistant Design Methodologies ............................................................. 1107
John E. Crawford
Localized Damage Effects on Building Robustness....................................................................................................... 1117Theodor Krauthammer, H. C. Yim
Methodologies for Progressive Collapse Analysis ......................................................................................................... 1126Steven W. Kirkpatrick, Robert MacNeill, Joseph L. Smith, Kenneth Herrle, Mikhael Erekson
BLAST RESPONSE WALLS Blast Design of Stay-In-Place PVC-Formed Concrete Walls ....................................................................................... 1136
Hani Salim, Aaron Saucier, John Hoemann, Robert Dinan
Blast Response of Conventional and High Performance Reinforced Concrete Panels .............................................. 1142Stephen D. Robert, Carol F. Johnson
Load-Impulse Diagrams for Protected Facility Assessment ........................................................................................ 1151Theodor Krauthammer, Serdar Astarlioglu, Joseph R. Blasko
Response and Analyses of Multi-wythe Insulated Masonry Walls to Out-of-Plane Dynamic Pressure ................... 1162Robert S. Browning, James S. Davidson, Robert J. Dinan
RESEARCH ADVANCES 3
HEALTH MONITORING AND SENSOR NETWORKS Blind Identification of Civil Structures.......................................................................................................................... 1172
Budhaditya Hazra, Aaron J. Roffel, Sriram Narasimhan, Mahesh Pandey
Modal Identification and Damage Detection for Structural Health Monitoring Under Ambient Vibration Environment ................................................................................................................................................... 1181
Gun Jin Yun
Modal Parameter Identification of MDOF structures based on vibration test .......................................................... 1191Hongjin Kim, Je-Woo Park, Jee-Hoon Lee, Jae-Seung Hwang, Ji-Seong Jo
Development of Quasi-Static Loading Protocols for Drift-Sensitive Nonstructural Building Components...................................................................................................................................................................... 1201
Behrouz Shafei, Farzin Zareian
FEM Analysis of Interaction Effects of 3-D RC Members Subjected to Multi-Directional Cyclic Loading............................................................................................................................................................................. 1209
Hiroshi Noguchi, Takashi Kashiwazaki
FUNDAMENTAL, ANALYTICAL, AND THEORETICAL ADVANCES Gusset plate connections in Concentrically Braced Steel Structures .......................................................................... 1219
Azadeh Alipour
Optimization In Structural Analysis And Design ......................................................................................................... 1229Y. Cengiz Toklu
Resistance Definition for Membrane Retrofit Concrete Masonry Walls Subjected to Blast..................................... 1239Lee Moradi, James Davidson, Robert Dinan
EXISTING BUILDINGS 1 EXTREME EVENT LOADING A Fiber-Based Heat Transfer Element for Modeling the Thermal Response of Structural Members Subjected to Fire .............................................................................................................................................................. 1249
Ann E. Jeffers, Elisa D. Sotelino
Dynamic Energy based Method for Progressive Collapse Analysis ............................................................................ 1259Stefan Szyniszewski
Modeling Performance of Residential Wood Frame Structures Subjected to Hurricane Storm Surge ................... 1269Carol J. Friedland, Ayman M. Okeil, Marc L. Levitan
Response of Concrete Masonry Walls to Simulated Blast Loads................................................................................. 1277Michael G. Oesterle, Gilbert A. Hegemier, Kenneth B. Morrill
DESIGN OF BUILDINGS FOR EXTREME LOADS Anatomy of Damage to Coastal Construction: A Multi-Hazard Perspective ............................................................. 1287
Megan McCullough, Ahsan Kareem
Blast Performance of Prestressed Concrete Panels....................................................................................................... 1297David A. Dunkman, Ali E. Abu Yousef, Pranav M. Karve, Eric B. Williamson
Common Misconceptions in Determining Wind/Water Damage Causation............................................................... 1307J. Arn Womble, Douglas A. Smith
Energy Limit States and Maximum Mullion End Rotations for Nearly-Conventional Curtain Walls Subjected to Extreme Out-of-Plane Loads .................................................................................................................... 1317
Benjamin T. Kennedy, David C. Weggel
BUILDINGS/RESEARCH ADVANCES 4
SEISMIC DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES Effects of Loading Parameters on the Behavior of Unbonded Post-Tensioning Strand/Anchorage Systems in Seismic Regions ............................................................................................................................................. 1327
Kevin Q. Walsh, Yahya C. Kurama
Experimental Evaluation of Post-Tensioned Precast Concrete Coupling Beams....................................................... 1337Brad D. Weldon, Yahya C. Kurama
Seismic Damage Evaluation for Low-Rise RC School Buildings in Taiwan ............................................................... 1347Yi-Hsuan Tu, Pei-Lin Yeh, Tzu-Wei Liu, Wen-Yu Jean
SEISMIC DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES Comparative Study of Bolted Versus Welded SCBF Connections .............................................................................. 1357
Robert P. Krumpen III, Peter J. Carrato
Earthquake Simulations on a Self-Centering Steel Moment Resisting Frame with Web Friction Devices .............................................................................................................................................................................. 1364
Ying-Cheng Lin, James Ricles, Richard Sause, Choung-Yeol Seo
Role of Yield Mechanism Selection on Seismic Behavior of Steel Moment Frames Designed by Performance-Based Plastic Method ............................................................................................................................... 1374
Subhash C. Goel, Sachi Furukawa
SEISMIC FRAGILITY OF STRUCTURES WITH PROTECTIVE SYSTEMS Analytical Fragility Models for Box Girder Bridges With and Without Protective Systems .................................... 1383
Chuang-Sheng Yang, Reginald DesRoches, Jamie E. Padgett
Energy-Based Seismic Fragility Analysis of Actively Controlled Structures.............................................................. 1393Kevin K. F. Wong
Seismic Performance and Retrofit for Tilt-Up Concrete Buildings in Mid-America................................................. 1403Jong-Wha Bai, Mary Beth D. Hueste, Paolo Gardoni
NEW OPTIONS FOR LATERAL RESISTANCE SYSTEMS IN STEEL BUILDINGS An Overview of Self-Centering Steel Moment Frames................................................................................................. 1412
Gordana Herning, Maria M. Garlock, James Ricles, Richard Sause, Jie Li
Design Concepts for Damage-Free Seismic-Resistant Self-Centering Steel Concentrically Braced Frames .............................................................................................................................................................................. 1421
David Roke, Richard Sause, James M. Ricles, Nathaniel Gonner
Design of Lateral Load Resisting Frames Using Steel Joists and Joist Girders ......................................................... 1431Perry S. Green, James M. Fisher, Joe Pote
Lateral Resistance Using Steel Slit Panel Frames (SSPFs)........................................................................................... 1447Gustavo Cortes, Judy Liu
VOLUME 3
TALL BUILDINGS
CHALLENGES OF DESIGNING SUPER TALL BUILDINGS WITH CURRENT TECHNOLOGIES 555m Tall Lotte Super Tower, Seoul, Korea ................................................................................................................. 1452
Charles Besjak, Bonghwan Kim, Preetam Biswas
Russia Tower: Design Challenges................................................................................................................................... 1462Robert A. Halvorson
The Challenges in Designing the World's Tallest Structure: The Burj Dubai Tower ............................................... 1471William F. Baker, James J. Pawlikowski, Bradley S. Young
INTEGRATED DESIGN OF TALL BUILDINGS: RECENT TRENDS AND PERSPECTIVES Integrated Architectural Design ..................................................................................................................................... 1481
Raymond S. Clark
Integrated Design: Everything Matters The Development of Burj Dubai and The New Beijing Poly Plaza.................................................................................................................................................................................. 1485
William F. Baker, Aaron Mazeika, James Pawlikowski
CONCRETE AND MASONRY STRUCTURES
NEW DEVELOPMENTS FOR PRACTICAL ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURAL CONCRETE FRAME CONNECTIONS A Practical Model for Beam-Column Connection Behavior in Reinforced Concrete Frames .................................. 1495
Anna Birely, Dawn Lehman, Laura Lowes
Headed Reinforcement Applications for Reinforced Concrete Beam-Column Connections .................................... 1505Thomas H. K. Kang, Myoungu Shin, Nilanjan Mitra
Lateral Drift Limits for Structural Concrete Slab-Column Connections, Including Shear Reinforcement Effects ..................................................................................................................................................... 1515
Mary Beth D. Hueste, Thomas H. K. Kang, Ian N. Robertson
Performance and Design of Eccentric Reinforced Concrete Beam- Column Connections Subjected to Seismic Lateral Load Reversals...................................................................................................................................... 1525
James M. LaFave, Myoungsu Shin
EXPORING ALLOWABLE STRESSES IN PRESTRESSED CONCRETE DESIGN? WHAT IS NECESSARY? Allowable Tensile Stress Limit at Prestress Transfer ................................................................................................... 1534
Robin Tuchscherer, Ozzie Bayrak
Effects of Increasing the Allowable Compressive Stress at Prestress Transfer.......................................................... 1544Brian Schnittker, David Birrcher, Oguzhan Bayrak
Fatigue Durability of Partially Post-Tensioned Concrete Members ........................................................................... 1554Jeffrey S. Volz, Andrea J. Schokker
ACI 318 – STRUCTURAL CONCRETE BUILDING CODE REORGANIZATION ACI 318 Building Code -The Time is Right for Reorganization .................................................................................. 1564
Randall W. Poston
BUILDING CONSENSUS: Reorganization of the ACI 318 Building Code for Structural Concrete ...................... 1569Charles W. Dolan, Lisa R. Feldman
Member Based Design Using a Reorganized ACI 318 Building Code......................................................................... 1574Robert J. Frosch
SIZE EFFECTS, CONFLICTING DESIGN METHODS, AND OTHER PUZZLES IN SHEAR Contribution of Concrete to Shear Resistance .............................................................................................................. 1579
Robert J. Frosch
Contribution of Stirrups to Shear Resistance................................................................................................................ 1587Daniel Kuchma
Depth Effect in Reinforced Concrete Deep Beams........................................................................................................ 1595David Birrcher, Robin Tuchscherer, Matthew Huizinga, Oguzhan Bayrak
Shear Strength of Members without Transverse Reinforcement ................................................................................ 1604Evan C. Bentz
RESEARCH ADVANCES 5/CODES & STANDARDS 1
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH RESULTS I A Tracking Error-Based Adaptive Compensation Scheme for Real-Time Hybrid Simulation ................................ 1612
Cheng Chen, James M. Ricles
Characteristics of PVA Fiber-Reinforced Mortars....................................................................................................... 1622Brian N. Skourup, Ece Erdogmus
Experimental Determination of the Seismic Response of Port Container Cranes Including Uplift Phenomena ....................................................................................................................................................................... 1632
Laura D. Jacobs, Reginald DesRoches, Roberto T. Leon
Experimental Investigation on Granite Masonry Behavior Under Compression ...................................................... 1639Fei Zeng, Feng-Bao Lin, Kolluru V. Subramaniam
Stability Behavior and Design of Steel Columns Under Fire Loading ........................................................................ 1648Anil Agarwal, Amit H. Varma, Lisa Choe, Guillermo Cedeno
EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH RESULTS II A Novel Cable-Enhanced, Wire-Mesh Reinforcement System for Structural Concrete to Improve its Blast-Resisting Properties ............................................................................................................................................... 1658
Jameel Ahmad
Combined Shear and Wind Uplift Resistance of Wood Structural Panel Shearwalls ............................................... 1662Borjen Yeh, Thomas Williamson, Edward Keith
Design of Hybrid Precast Concrete Walls for Seismic Regions ................................................................................... 1673Brian J. Smith, Yahya C. Kurama
Proof of Concept Testing of Cable Bracing System with Rotating Central Energy Dissipater................................. 1683Masahiro Kurata, Roberto T. Leon, Reginald DesRoches
DISPROPORTIONATE COLLAPSE SYMPOSIUM
EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF ROBUSTNESS OF FRAMED BUILDINGS Development of 3D Models of Steel Moment-Frame Buildings for Assessment of Robustness and Progressive Collapse Vulnerability ................................................................................................................................ 1693
Joseph A. Main, Fahim Sadek
Development of Reduced Structural Models for Assessment of Progressive Collapse .............................................. 1701Yihai Bao, Sashi Kunnath, Sherif El-Tawil
Testing and Analysis of Steel Beam-Column Assemblies under Column Removal Scenarios .................................. 1708Fahim Sadek, Joseph A. Main, H. S. Lew, Stephen D. Robert, Vincent Chiarito
DOD PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE DESIGN REQUIREMENTS Overview of the Revised DoD Progressive Collapse Design Requirements ................................................................ 1718
David Stevens, Owen Hewitt, Tim Campbell, Kirk Marchand
Revision of the Tie Force and Alternate Path Approaches in the DoD Progressive Collapse Design Requirements ................................................................................................................................................................... 1723
David Stevens, Kirk Marchand, Aldo McKay
Development and Application of Linear and Non-Linear Static Approaches in UFC 4-023-03 ............................... 1729Kirk Marchland, Aldo McKay, David J. Stevens
Discussion of Examples using the Revised DoD Progressive Collapse Design Requirements ................................... 1739Joseph Gannon, Viral Patel, Mark Waggoner, Eric Williamson
PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE, REDUNDANCY, AND ROBUSTNESS (INTERNATIONAL P-C SYMPOSIUM A Measure of Lifetime Structural Robustness .............................................................................................................. 1749
Fabio Biondini
Evaluating Measures of Structural Robustness ............................................................................................................ 1758Uwe Starossek, Marco Haberland
Performance as a Measure of Robustness ..................................................................................................................... 1766Mahendra Shah
Probabilistic Analysis of Bridge Redundancy ............................................................................................................... 1771Feng Miao, Michel Ghosn
Redundancy of Structural Systems based on Survivor Functions ............................................................................... 1781Dan M. Frangopol, Nader M. Okasha, Fazlur R. Khan
EUROPEAN RESEARCH INTO PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE Design-Oriented Approaches for Progressive Collapse Assessment: Load-Factor vs Ductility-Centred Methods ............................................................................................................................................................................ 1791
Bassam A. Izzuddin, David A. Nethercot
Experimental and Analytical Investigations on the Response of Structural Building Frames Further to a Column Loss ............................................................................................................................................................. 1801
Jean-Francois Demonceau, Jean-Pierre Jaspart
Progressive Collapse: Failure Criteria Used in Engineering Analysis ........................................................................ 1811Panagiotis M. Stylianidis, David A. Nethercot, Bassam A. Izzuddin, Ahmed Y. Elghazouli
Response of End-Plate Joints under Combined Forces ................................................................................................ 1821Nadia Baldassino, Riccardo Zandonini
ASCE/SEI DESIGN GUIDELINES FOR MITIGATION OF DISPROPORTIONATE COLLAPSE IN BUILDING STRUCTURES Applicability of Prescribed Robustness and Design Approaches to Building Classes for Disproportionate Collapse Resistance............................................................................................................................ 1831
Kirk Marchand, Robert Smilowitz
Approaches for Design to Resist Disproportionate Collapse ....................................................................................... 1841Robert Smilowitz, Mark Waggoner, Kirk Marchand
Levels of Prescribed Enhanced Robustness for Mitigation of Disproportionate Collapse ........................................ 1846Kirk A. Marchand, David J. Stevens, Paul F. Mlakar
Risk Assessment to Support Design to Resist Disproportionate Collapse................................................................... 1856Stephanie A. King, David J. Stevens
RECENT RESEARCH ON PROGRESSIVE COLLAPSE Abnormal Loads and Disproportionate Collapse: Risk Mitigation Strategies ........................................................... 1860
Bruce R. Ellingwood
Behavior of Varied Steel Frame Connection Types Subjected to Air Blast, Debris Impact, and/or Post-Blast Progressive Collapse Load Conditions......................................................................................................... 1868
Jesse E. Karns, David L. Houghton, Jong-Kook Hong, Joonghwan Kim
Evaluation of an Existing Steel Frame Building against Progressive Collapse .......................................................... 1878Brian I. Song, Halil Sezen
Progressive Collapse Nomenclature ............................................................................................................................... 1886Marco Haberland, Uwe Starossek
DISPROPORTIONATE COLLAPSE RESEARCH NEEDS Disproportionate Collapse Research Needs................................................................................................................... 1896
Bruce Ellingwood, Shalva Marjanishvili, Paul Mlakar, Mehrdad Sasani, Eric Williamson
Disproportionate Collapse: The Futility of Using Nonlinear Analysis ........................................................................ 1908Graham Powell
EXISTING BUILDINGS 2 / INTERNATIONAL
COMPUTING TECHNOLOGIES FOR STRUCTURAL INDENTIFICATION – WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES AND EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING A Time-Domain Covariance-Based Parameter Estimation Method for Torsional Shear Buildings ........................ 1918
Roshanak Omrani, Ralph E. Hudson, Ertugrul Taciroglu
Application of a Time-Domain Local Identification Methodology to Compact Analysis of Continuous and Complete Structural Response Data ....................................................................................................................... 1928
Robert L. Nigbor, Reza D. Nayeri, Sami F. Masri, Roger G. Ghanem
Effects of the Structural Identification on the Appearance of Multiple Solutions in Model Updating..................... 1938Boris A. Zarate, Juan M. Caicedo
Updating Structural Properties using Modal Parameters Considering Measurement Errors ................................. 1945Qindan Huang, Paolo Gardoni, Stefan Hurlebaus
CASE STUDIES FOR THE ASSESSMENT AND RESTORATION OF EXISTING BUILDING STRUCTURES Assessment and Restoration of Post-Tensioned Buildings - Parking Ramp Structures ............................................ 1954
Gabriel A. Jimenez
Repair of Three-Story Residential Condominium in Lake Oswego, Oregon.............................................................. 1964Clemens J. Rossell, Colin R. Murphy
Repair of Concrete Elements Using Externally Bonded Reinforcement: 30 Year History ....................................... 1975Narendra Gosain, Walter P. Moore
Second Avenue Subway Project, New York - Reconstructing Existing Buildings for New Station Entrances.......................................................................................................................................................................... 1983
Richard Giffen, Karim Ezzeldin, Neil Towell
Structural and Environmental Stabilization of a Historic Wood-Framed Museum .................................................. 1991Gary R. Searer, James A. Mahaney
RESTORATION AND REPAIR OF EXISTING BUILDINGS A Case Study on the Use of Advanced Fiberwrap Composites for the Structural Rehabilitation of Pre-Stressed Structural Elements.......................................................................................................................................... 2000
Tomas Jimenez, Scott F. Arnold
Elastic Buckling Finite Strip Analysis of the AISC Sections Database and Proposed Local Plate Buckling Coefficients....................................................................................................................................................... 2008
Mina Seif, Benjamin Schafer
Repair of Pile Cap Foundations Using Strut-and-Tie Models ..................................................................................... 2018John F. Duntemann, Ernest Rogalla, Jennifer A. Dimig, Brian R. Greve
RESEARCH ADVANCES 6 / NON BUILDING SPECIAL STRUCTURES 2
INFLUENCE OF COMPOSITE BEAMS AND FLOORS ON SYSTEM BEHAVIOR UNDER EXTREME LOADS Behavior of Floor Systems Under Realistic Fire Loading ............................................................................................ 2026
Guillermo Cedeno, Amit H. Varma, Anil Agarwal
Rotation and Strength Demands for Simple Connections to Support Large Vertical Deflections............................ 2036Jonathan Weigand, Jeffrey Berman
Modeling Structural Collapse Including Floor Slab Contributions ............................................................................ 2046Eric B. Williamson, David J. Stevens
BLAST PROTECTION AGAINST INDUSTRIAL EXPLOSIONS A Case Study in Analyzing the Response of Structures to a Jet Fuel Vapor-Phase Explosion ................................. 2055
Lara Leininger, Shalva Marjanishvili
Comprehensive Component Based Screening Curve Library ..................................................................................... 2064Mehmet C. Ozbey, William C. LeBoeuf, Ali Sari, Darrell D. Barker
Blast Analysis and Retrofit of Structures in Industrial Facilities ................................................................................ 2075Ali Sari, Mark Whitney, Walt Sawruk
WIND LOADS ON PETROCHEMICAL AND OTHER INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURES Recent Research for Wind Loads on Petrochemical Structures .................................................................................. 2088
Samuel D. Amoroso, Marc L. Levitan
Wind Load Considerations for Existing Petrochemical Structures............................................................................. 2098Richard T. Gilbert, James R. Bailey, Norman Rennalls, Gregory B. Young
WIND TURBINE AND FOUNDATION DESIGN Dynamic Analysis of a Wind Turbine and Foundation to Assess Liquefaction Potential of Bearing Soils ................................................................................................................................................................................... 2107
Bill Branca, Jomaa Ben-Hassine
Fatigue-driven Wind Farm Towers: A Practical Introduction to Fatigue Calculations............................................ 2119Nestor Agbayani, Vishal Kyatham
RESEARCH ADVANCES 7 / BRIDGE AND TRANSPORTATION STRUCTURES 3
MULTI-HAZARD APPROACHES TO ANALYSIS AND DESIGN Blast Resistance of Unreinforced Masonry (URM) Walls Retrofitted With Nano Reinforced Elastomeric Materials ..................................................................................................................................................... 2133
Mohammad Irshidat, Ahmed Al-Ostaz, Alexander Cheng, Christopher Mullen
Design and Detailing Guidelines for Bridge Columns Subjected to Blast and other Extreme Loads....................... 2143Carrie E. Davis, George D. Williams, Eric B. Williamson, Kirk A. Marchand, Aldo E. McKay, Oguzhan Bayrak
Subsystem Instability Conditions in Steel Frames Associated with Extreme Lateral Loading................................. 2153Charlie Burchfield, Tezeswi Tadepalli, Christopher Mullen
STEEL BRIDGE ISSUES Analysis of Critical Gusset Plates in the Collapsed I-35W Bridge............................................................................... 2159
Minmao Liao, Taichiro Okazaki, Roberto Ballarini, Arturo E. Schultz, Theodore V. Galambos
VOLUME 4
Compliance Ratio Method for Calculating Energy Release Rates in Structural Steels ............................................. 2169
Akhrawat Lenwari
Fatigue Analysis of Peened Bridge Welds under Realistic Service Loading Conditions Including Periodic Overload Events................................................................................................................................................ 2179
Scott Walbridge
Service Life Prediction for Weathering Steel Highway Structures ............................................................................. 2189Neal Damgaard, Scott Walbridge
RESEARCH ADVANCES 8 / EDUCATION
A REMARKABLE NEW CONCRETE Prefabricated Floor and Roof Panels with Engineered Cementitious Composites (ECC) ........................................ 2199
Gregor Fischer, Larus H. Larusson, Jeppe Jonsson
Damage Tolerant ECC for Integrity of Structures Under Extreme Loads................................................................. 2209Victor C. Li
Engineered Cementitious Composites: An Innovative Concrete for Durable Structure ........................................... 2219Mustafa Sahmaran, Victor C. Li
Sustainable Infrastructure Systems using Engineered Cementitious Composites ..................................................... 2232Michael D. Lepech
EDUCATION OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS Changing the Home Building Paradigm of the Gulf South through Education ......................................................... 2242
Robert J. Taylor, Dennis L. Pitts, Jeffrey B. Stone, Sam Nelson, Paul Bove, W. David Franklin
How to SEE Design in the Future................................................................................................................................... 2253James Mwangi, Brent Nuttall, Kevin Dong
Wood Education Institute - The Entrepreneurial Spirit of Cooperation Between the Wood Industry and the University System............................................................................................................................................... 2259
Mikhail Gershfeld, Charles B. Chadwell
BUSINESS AND PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING (S.E.) LICENSURE Suggested Steps To Follow For The Enactment Of A Separate Structural Engineering Practice Act ..................... 2268
John H. Shipp
The Business of Ethics ..................................................................................................................................................... 2288Michael N. Goodkind
Ethics and Technical Assessment after a Disaster: An Ongoing Case Study.............................................................. 2294Norma Jean Mattei
BIM IN SE PROFESSION Intelligent Design Codes .................................................................................................................................................. 2303
Nawari O. Nawari
PRACTICAL DESIGN Cracking in Concrete Fill on Metal Decks, Cracking in Flat Plate Concrete Slabs, and Cracking in Concrete Walls ................................................................................................................................................................. 2313
Gary R. Searer, Terrence F. Paret, Joseph Valancius, James C. Pan
Economy in Stiffened Seated Beam Connections .......................................................................................................... 2323Brian N. Skourup, Leslie E. Robertson
The St. Regis Hotel and Residence (Atlanta, GA) - Analysis, Design, and Construction........................................... 2328Nathan Ararat Watson, Ozgur Kurc, Kritsakorn Luangvilai, Onur Celik, Martin R. Ocon
CODES AND STANDARDS 2
A NEW STANDARD FOR BLAST RESISTANT DESIGN Blast Protection of Buildings - Design Criteria and Loads........................................................................................... 2337
Jon A. Schmidt, Paul F. Mlakar
Blast Protection of Buildings - Structural Systems, Protected Spaces, Building Envelope and Glazing .................. 2344Robert Smilowitz, Lorraine Lin
Blast Protection of Buildings - Detailing and Performance Qualification .................................................................. 2348Steven Smith, Andrew Whittaker, W. Gene Corley
GENERAL CODE ISSUES All is Not Clear in ACI 318 Building Code .................................................................................................................... 2354
Javeed Munshi
Comparison of Structural Seismic Design using AASHTO, IBC and AREMA ......................................................... 2364Xuezeng Wu
European Standards for Repair and Protection of Concrete....................................................................................... 2369Andrew Ardrey, Peter Robery
Quality Control of Wire Strand used in Prestressed and Post Tensioned Structures................................................ 2382Vaibhav Swami, William Ciggelakis
Specifying Steel Joists, Joist Girders and the IBC 2006 ............................................................................................... 2390Tim Holtermann, Mark Perry, Perry Green
LONG-SPAN STADIUM ROOFS Design Aspects of the New Liverpool Football Club Stadium Roof ............................................................................ 2400
Mark Boyle, Shonn Mills, Nicholas Cole
Engineering the Arch and Roof of Wembley Stadium ................................................................................................. 2409Kourosh Kayvani, Connell Wagner
New Dallas Cowboys Stadium: Longest Single-Span Roof Structure in the World................................................... 2418R. John Aniol, Joseph Dowd, David Platten
International Stadium Projects: Each Unique and Easy to Recognize ....................................................................... 2428Knut Goeppert, Michael Stein
WHAT PRACTICING ENGINEERS DO NOT WANT TO KNOW ABOUT WIND LOADING BUT NEED TO? Impact of Empirical Models for Approach Wind Exposures on Wind Loading on Low Buildings - A Comparative Study .......................................................................................................................................................... 2439
Bogusz Bienkiewicz, Munehito Endo, Joseph A. Main
Design Wind Speed Characteristics ............................................................................................................................... 2449Jon A. Peterka, Kirsten D. Orwig
Wind Loading and Building Exposure: Are We Still on A, B, C? ............................................................................... 2458Ted Stathopoulos, Kai Wang, Ioannis Zisis
SUSTAINABLE STRUCTURES
SUSTAINABLE DESIGN FOR STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS Ford Calumet Environmental Center: Educating the Region in Sustainable Design ................................................ 2467
Mark T. Koenigs, Thornton Tomasetti, Faz Ehsan
Seismic Evaluation of a Green Building Structural System: ICF Grid Walls ............................................................ 2475Peter Dusicka, Thomas Kay
SUSTAINABILITY AND STRUCTURES: EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES Building Envelope Life Cycle Condition Evaluation Using a Distress-Based Methodology...................................... 2482
Michael N. Grussing
Fabric Formwork - An Alternative Concrete Construction System............................................................................ 2491Russ Miller-Johnson
The Emergence of Rice Husk Ash - A Complimentary Cementing Material with Untapped Global Potential............................................................................................................................................................................ 2496
Helena Meryman
INTEGRATION OF ARCHITECTURAL AND STRUCTURE IN EXTERIOR WALL SYSTEMS Architectural Precast Panel Systems Used for Lateral Force Resistance ................................................................... 2506
J. Paul Hobelmann, Macarena Schachter
Cable-nets and 'Rocker Mechanisms' The New Beijing Poly Plaza ............................................................................ 2516Mark Sarkisian, Neville Mathias, Aaron Mazeika
Designing the Right Double Skin Facade....................................................................................................................... 2526Tai Hollingsbee, John Kooymans, Terry McDonnell
New Frontiers in the Design of Integrated Exterior Wall Systems.............................................................................. 2535Mark Sarkisian, Neville Mathias, Eric Long, Peter Lee
ENERGY-GENERATING AND ENVIRONMENTALLY INTERACTIVE STRUCTURES Design Synthesis and Analysis of a Solar Chimney at KAUST.................................................................................... 2546
Meiring J. H. Beyers, Duncan Phillips
Models for Offshore Wind Turbine Foundations and their Influence on Long-Term Loads ................................... 2558Erica Bush, Lance Manuel
Structural Design of the KAUST Solar Tower.............................................................................................................. 2568Mark C. Waggoner, Sridhar Baldava
Wind Considerations for Loose-laid and Photovoltaic Roofing Systems .................................................................... 2578Bogusz Bienkiewicz, Munehito Endo
POSTERS Analysis of Strong Motion Data from Buildings ........................................................................................................... 2588
Rakesh K. Goel
Analysis of Waffle Slabs with and without Openings ................................................................................................... 2599Ahmed Ibrahim, Hani Salim, Hamdy Shehab Eldin
Causal Clipped Semi-Active Control of Earthquake Response ................................................................................... 2606Unal Aldemir
Corrosion Evaluation & Cable Break Detection for Post-tensioned and Prestressed Cables ................................... 2614Garth Fallis, Tore O. Arnesen
Dynamic Response of the Long Channel Resting on the Soil and Excited by SH Waves .......................................... 2625Abdul Hayir
Effect of Restraint on Behavior of Inverted Hyperbolic Paraboloid Shells Under Unbalanced Live Loads................................................................................................................................................................................. 2635
Byoung-Jun Lee, Keith Kesner, John McIsaac
Effects of NSM CFRP Bars in Shear Strengthening of Concrete Members ............................................................... 2645Anwarul Islam
Fiber Model Analysis of RC Elements Subjected to Torsion ....................................................................................... 2659T. R. S. Mullapudi, Ashraf Ayoub
Finite Element Analysis of Stiffened Beam Column Connection ................................................................................. 2669A. Aslam
Inelastic Analysis of Foundation Structures.................................................................................................................. 2676T. R. S. Mullapudi, Ashraf Ayoub
Numerical Modeling of Flexural Enhancement in Carbon Nanotube/Cement Composite ....................................... 2686Lai Yin Christina Chan, Bassem Andrawes
Preliminary Design of a Special Monumental Structure .............................................................................................. 2694Mir M. Ali, Abbas Aminmansour
Theoretical Stress-Strain Model for High-strength Concrete Confined with Opposing Spirals ............................... 2700J. C. West, R. A. Hindi
Uniaxial Compression Behavior of Actively Confined Concrete using Shape Memory Alloys ................................. 2710Moochul Shin, Bassem Andrawes
Reflection on the Earthquake Design Practice in Hong Kong through a Time History Analysis ............................. 2718Chao Li, Sha Chen
A Comparison between High Water Marks and Hydrograph Recordings in Hurricane Rita.................................. 2724Charles R. Norman
A Geometrical Inclusion-Matrix Model for Concrete .................................................................................................. 2731I. Rasoolan, S. Amirodin, Areza Bagheri
A Low-Cost Housing Option in Seismic Regions .......................................................................................................... 2741Javeed Munshi
Analysis and Design of a 47-story Reinforced Concrete Structure - Futian Shangri-La Hotel Tower..................... 2751Dennis C. K. Poon, Ling-en Hsiao, Steve Zuo
Behavior of a Long-Term Tensile Force Measurement Device.................................................................................... 2765Kyung-Jae Shin, Wha-Jung Kim, Swoo-Heon Lee, Min-Suk Park
Carbon Fiber Composite Jackets to Protect Reinforced Concrete Columns against Blast Damage ........................ 2775Tonatiuh Rodriguez-Nikl, Tomohiro Kobayashi, Michael G. Oesterle, Shengrui Lan, Kenneth B. Morrill, Gilbert A. Hegemier, Frieder Seible
Effect of Arching on Passive Earth Pressure for Rigid Retaining Walls Considering Translation Mode ............... 2784Abhijit Roy, Nihar Ranjan Patra
Evaluation of Capacity Spectrum Method for Estimate of Seismic Performance in Buckling - Restrained Braced Frame ............................................................................................................................................... 2794
Mostafa Share, Mansour Ghalehnovi, Naser Shabakhti
Evaluation of Missing Column Analyses in Progressive Collapse Design Codes........................................................ 2804Jennifer Righman McConnell, Houston Aaron Brown
Inelastic Behavior of Structural Steels Under Cyclic Biaxial Nonproportional Loading .......................................... 2814I. H. P. Mamaghani
Interface Shear Transfer of Diagonally Arranged Reinforcing Bars under Repeated Loading ............................... 2819Kosuke Takahashi, Hiroaki Kitoh, Hisao Tsunokake, Hajime Ohuchi
Long-Span Truss Structures for Low-Vibration Environments.................................................................................. 2829Ning Tang, Hal Amick, Michael Gendreau
Probabilistic Approach to Progressive Collapse Prevention. Physics based Simulations.......................................... 2836Stefan Szyniszewski
Role of Ground Motion Selection Method in Collapse Capacity Assessment of Structures ...................................... 2844Behrouz Shafei, Farzin Zareian
Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Frames with Precast-Prestressed Flooring System .......................... 2853Brian H. H. Peng, Richard Fenwick, Rajesh Dhakal, Athol Carr
Seismic Retrofit of Large-scale Reinforced Concrete Columns by Prestressed High-strength Metal Strips................................................................................................................................................................................. 2863
Hasan A. Moghaddam, Maysam Samadi
Simulation of Combination of Snow and Earthquake Hazards................................................................................... 2873YueJun Yin, Yue Li, William M. Bulleit
Trading Places: An International Exchange Program for Engineers from the United States and Denmark ........................................................................................................................................................................... 2879
Ken Maschke, Joseph Shields, Chris Kahanek, Lee Ishida, Joseph Thomas
Wind Loads on Patio Covers .......................................................................................................................................... 2889Ioannis Zisis, Ted Stathopoulos
Author Index