structures and other features within sedimentary rocks - clues to the past environments...
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![Page 1: Structures and other features within sedimentary rocks - clues to the past environments Paleoenvironments Environment of deposition Direction of water](https://reader030.vdocuments.us/reader030/viewer/2022032517/56649cbf5503460f9498574d/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Structures and other features within sedimentary rocks
- clues to the past environmentsPaleoenvironments
• Environment of deposition• Direction of water or wind• Strength or energy of transport agent• The “up” side of a sedimentary bed• Life that existed and the environment they
lived in• Climate conditions
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Facies
• Set of conditions that lead to a particular rock type or group of rocks.
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Chemical Sedimentary Environments
– Shallow marine (salt water) areas (usually carbonates and evaporites form)
– For example – Limestone, Halite, Gypsum
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Clastic Sedimentary Environments
• Marine– Beaches, tidal flats, deltas, deep seas,
lagoons.
• Continental– Rivers, deserts, alluvial fans, playa lakes,
glacial areas.
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• Transgression – ocean advancing over areas that were once dry land (happening today)
• Regression – opposite, land migrates further out into ocean. (or ocean level dropping)
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Typical ocean sediments
beachsand
mud
carbonate
sedimentssand mud
Dissolved ions
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Typical ocean sediments
beachsand
mud
carbonate
sediments
Process of transgression
sand mud
carbonate
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Typical ocean sediments
beachsand
mud
carbonate
sediments
Process of transgression
sand mud
carbonate
sand mud carbonate
Typical sediment sequence would showCarbonate
Mudsand