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Structure 22nd Class : 8th of September 2013Adrian BudiantoUniversitas Terbuka Korea Selatan

adrian.budianto@gmail.com11Masih ingat pelajaran minggu lalu?

Noun (Kata benda) contoh : book, money, tea, water, peoplePronouns (Kata ganti) contoh : she, it, mine, ourselves, someone

Nouns countable (sister, potato, town, apple) & uncountable (hair, sugar, dust, sand)

Countable Nouns Singular & Plurals (+s,+es, +oes,f->v+es)

Pronouns Personal Pronouns Subject ( I, we, she, he, they) Object (me, us, her, him, them) - Possesive pronouns (it is mine, he has his) Possesive adjective (my book, your pen, his car)Reflexive pronouns ( themselves[jamak], himself[tunggal])Indefinite pronouns (someone, nobody, anything)2Masih ingat pelajaran minggu lalu?

Whitney got a phone call from her friend, inviting her to come to an opera. She agreed to go and a few days later, she picked Whitney up. Unfortunately, on their way to the opera house, their car ran over a cat. Somebody, a man, saw the accident and shouted loudly at them. They drove on without noticing.When the show was over, Whitneys friend found that her necklace had been stolen. Both of them went to a police station to report the incident. A police officer typed the report. Meanwhile, another police officer saw somebody acting suspiciously near their car. He blew his whistle and ran after the man.Because the process of making the report was taking a long time, Whitney decided to leave her friend and go home. She wanted to watch a football match on television. She walked down the street looking for a taxi, but after 15 minutes, she still could not find one, so she decided to walk home. Unfortunately, as she was walking down a dark street, she fell into a deep hole full of water which she had not seen. She shouted for help but nobody heard her.3VERBS, ADJECTIVES and ADVERBSVerbs : kata kerjaAdjectives: kata sifatAdverbs: kata keterangan

4Unit 1: Bentuk dan Letak Kata KerjaVerbs menyatakan suatu tindakan, perihal atau keadaanPosisi Verb ada setelah subjek kecuali pada kalimat perintahAni membuka pintuAni opens the door.Open the door, please!Lets do Activity 2 (p 2.5)Tipe kata kerja

5Linking Verb Is, am, are, was, were, appear, look, seem, become, taste, get, remain, smellAuxiliary VerbTo be, have, do, modalsMain/Action VerbsRegular and irregular verbs p 2.9Transitive and Intransitive Bergantung pada perlu atau tidaknya objekFinite and Infinite VerbsMakna kata kerja tergantung person / numberUnit 2: Transitive & Intransitive VerbsA transitive verb must be an action verb plus there must be an object to receive that action. (p 2.14)Kata kerja yang tidak memerlukan objek dan telah membuat makna yang jelas disebut intransitive verbs (p. 2.16)Rihanna breaks my heartWhen I hear your name, my heart breakswe mustleavethis man aloneWe must leave nowThe crowd moves across the field6Unit 3: Regular and Irregular VerbsBerdasarkan keteraturan perubahan kata kerja berdasarkan bentuk tenses di masa sekarang, masa lampau ataupun masa yang akan datang7Saya makan nasi.I eat rice.Saya makan nasi kemarin.I ate rice yesterday.Saya telah makan nasi.I have eaten rice.Saya mencuci sebuah baju.I wash a cloth.Saya mencuci sebuah baju kemarin.I washed a cloth yesterday.Saya telah mencuci sebuah baju.I have washed a cloth.ADJECTIVES (Kata Sifat)

8Adjectives adalah kata yang menerangkan kata benda.Adjectives give information about nouns and noun phrases and answer the question What kind?(Raimes, 1992, p.99)Adjective is a modifier that has the grammatical property of comparison (Franks, 1972, p.109)Tipe kata sifat :

Letak kata sifat : sebelum Noun Head, setelah linking verbs, sebelum dan sesudah pronouns

9DeterminersDemonstrative AdjectivesPossessive AdjectivesNumeral AdjectivesDescriptive Adjectives Quality or CharacteristicsAgeColorSizeShapeOriginDerivational Adjectives (p 3.17 3.18)+ able:VERBS ADJECTIVES+ ful:NOUN ADJECTIVES+ ish:NOUN ADJECTIVES+ous:NOUN ADJECTIVES+al:NOUN ADJECTIVES+ic:NOUN ADJECTIVES+less:NOUN ADJECTIVES+y:NOUN ADJECTIVES10ADVERBS (Kata Keterangan)

11Adverbs menerangkan berbagai jenis kataAdverbs give information about verbs and verbs phrases or about adjectives and answer the question How?(Raimes, 1993, p.99)An adverb is a word that modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb (Beech et,al, 1984, p.132)Tipe Adverb

Perbedaan Adverbs dan Adjectives p 3.33

12Adverbs of MannerMenjelaskan cara kerja (a way of doing)Adverbs of Place and DirectionWhereAdverbs of Time and FrequencyTimeAdverbs of degreePenekanan pada adjective atau adverbsVery, somewhat, exceedingly, pretty, too, rather, fairly, terrible, quite, extremely, so (Franks, 1972, p.142)