structural prevention (peace)

8/8/2019 Structural Prevention (Peace)

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InternationalDevelopmentGovernments acting

cooperatively ofinternational regimesto manage theinteractions of states

National DevelopmentIndividual states ofmechanisms toensure security, well-being, and justice for the citizens



Security, well-being, and justice not onlyenable people to live better lives, they

also reduce the potential for deadlyconflict.

´Only the insecure strive for security. µ-Wayne Dyer



Nuclear and Weapons of MassDestruction

Conventional Confrontation betweenMilitaries

Internal Violence



The retention of nuclear weapons by anystate stimulates other states and

nonstate actors to acquire them.

ELIMINATION OF WEAPON S!!!!1 . Account of nuclear weapons and materials2. Monitor their whereabouts and operational

conditions3. Ensure the safe management and reduction of

nuclear arsenals



Represent a major step forward and deserves seriousconsideration by governments working to reducenuclear threats.

Advocates that the five nuclear weapons statescommit themselves to the elimination of nuclear weapons.Wants to prevent horizontal proliferation of nuclear weapons and achieve a ´zero nuclear weaponsµworld.The commission believes that preventive efforts againstviolence with conventional or other weapons of massdestruction would be strongly reinforced if fuller effortswere made to control the nuclear danger.



Passed in 1991 by the U. S congress tocounter F SU as a threat.

Funded $ 1 .d billion for a counter-threatprogram.Cooperative Threat Reduction Program

¾ Administered by the U. S Department of Defence¾ Provides funding and assistance to F SU states

x Dismantlement and destruction of weaponsx transportation, storage, safeguarding, security of fissile

materials, enhancement of safeguards againstproliferation



It is impossible to control completelybiological weapons but it is possible tomonitor the possession and theconstruction.Establishment of a Registry

¾ Users would register strains under their controland detail the purpose of experimentation.

¾ Reveal experiments undertaken is obligatory.Governments must seek a more effectiveprohibition against the development anduse of chemical weapons.



Better coordination on policy tools¾ Intelligence¾ Export controls¾ Diplomacy¾ Military Forces

More efforts in studying terrorists andgroups that might try to acquireweapons.



Recognizes that ´all states have the rightto maintain adequate defencestructures for their securityµ.´Achieving global agreement on the

control of weapons will be difficultµ.Progress on the agreement should bepossible to control the flow of armsaround the world.



The only international agreement toimpose limits on conventional arms.

Established in 199 2Limits five types of conventionalweapons:

¾ Tanks¾ Armored combat vehicles¾ Artillery¾ Attack helicopters¾ Combat aircraft



Initiatives to help improve security andpromote peace.

NATO·s Partnership for Peace¾ Allows NA TO states to enter into a bilateral

agreement with North Atlantic Alliance,provided that they agree to the principles ofthe NAA.x Worked for the reduction of conventional

military threats

Asia; A SEAN Regional Forum



4 Elements for Internal Stability1 . Laws that are legitimately derived, widely

promulgated and understood.2. Police authority that is consistent, fair andvisible to enforce the laws.

3. A judicial system that is independent,equitable, and accessible.

4 . A penal system that is fair, and prudent inmeeting out punishment.

¾ H ard to achieve and requires constantattention to achieve progress.



Internal violence erupts because of lowchanges for reform.Peace Agreements

¾ Contributes important factors to haveinternal security.

¾ Common elements in an agreement:x Focuses on devising and implementing long-

term change.x Promotes and establish mechanisms for

national consensus building.x

Establish and maintain acceptable power-sharing arrangements.x Puts an emphasis on cooperating on long-term

arrangements for economic opportunity and justice.



Practice of good governanceReduction and eventually elimination ofmilitary threatsNo third party involvement

¾ No interventions

structural prevention (peace)

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