structural material and systems

8/18/2019 Structural Material and Systems

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UNIT 2STRUCTURAL MATERIAL AND

SYSTEMS


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UNIT 2STRUCTURAL MATERIAL AND

SYSTEMS

SyllabusPerformance of structural materials under

cyclic loads - masonry - steel - concrete -soil. Various structural systems in steel andconcrete for horizontal load transfer - theirbehavior and limitations - braced frames-shear walls - wall-frame systems.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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&he %tructural system load resistin5

systemmust be able to transfer all the forcesactin5 either vertically or horizontally to the5round

7ureau of *ndian %tandard7*% hasa88roved three maor ty8es of structuralsystem in *%1"93 Part 1: '(('


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VARIOUS STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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%tructural%ystem

$oment 0rame %ystemor i5id 0rame %ystem

%tructural all 0rame%ystem or %hear all

%ystem

7raced 0rame %ystem

&ube %ystem

&ube-in-&ube and7undled &ube %ystems

0urther+lassi;cation is 7ased

on $aterial


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+ommon structural systemsa $oment framesb $oment frames with structural walls

c 7raced moment frames

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM


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Moment Resisting Fame o Rigi! FameSystem

$oment frame contain of a 5rid of beam andcolumn member

esist lateral load throu5h ae


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7ehaviour of $oment 0rames

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM


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"o# to !etemine #$et$e t$emembe is %e&ue'!ominate! o

s$ea'!ominate!(

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM


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0ramin5 at one end

0ramin5 at both end

? of its 8ure fle


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM


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7endin5 $oment ,ia5ram - ravity Aoadin5

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM


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a 0A)B2) ,eformation$ode: verall cantilevercolumn action owin5 to

eee


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7endin5 moment in members of buildin5s underlateral load: a *c/*bF1((( 0le


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7endin5 moment increases in column with reductionin beam-to-column >e


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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,eformed sha8es of cantilevers with 8redominant%hear deformation0le


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Stu)tual *all Fame System o S$ea *allSystem

%tructural walls are vertical 8late-liGe structuralelements have lar5e in-8lane sti@ness and stren5th

esist lateral forces throu5h combined ae


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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7uildin5s with structural wall


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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)@ect of +ombained structural wall


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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+a)e! Fame System 7races 8rovided in both directions of 8lan - o

twistin5

educe overall lateral dis8lacement of buildin5s educe bendin5 moment and shear force

demands on beams and columns in buildin5s &he earthHuaGe force is transferred as a


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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&y8es of 7racin5


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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7ehaviour of 7raced0rames


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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7endin5 $oment


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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%hear 0orce


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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#


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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,e>ection


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Tube System &all 7uildin5s - overall lateral dis8lacement

as well as the force demands +losely s8aced column are tied to each >oor

level by dee8 s8andrel beams Aateral sti@ness )


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Possible systems of beams in a &ube system


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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+om8arison of %tructural %ystems


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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+oncrete +ore in &ube %ystems &raditional frame buildin5 with the central core - most of thelateral forces is attracted by the central reinforced concretecore#s lateral force travels down towards the base of the buildin5=

the force >ows towards the more sti@ened corners of the core in


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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&ube %ystem - 0orce in the core is released but the samebehaviour is shifted to the 8erimeter tube%ince the lever arm between the 8erimeter column 8airs is lar5e=the a


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Tube'in'Tube )


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Possible systems of beams in a &ube - in - &ube

system


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Possible systems of beams in a 7undled&ube system

$ulti8le tubes of lar5e de8ths in 8lan of the

closely s8aced columns+ cores connected with sti@ horizontal sub-systems at distinct levels alon5 the hei5ht of thebuildin5.


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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7ehaviour of &ube %ystems and &ube-in-&ube %ystem


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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&he outri55er truss is a sim8le trusses s8annin5 overthe full hei5ht of that storey and across the full widthof buildin5


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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E,e)t o. outigge tuss


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Com/aison o. Tube0 Tube in Tube0+un!le! Tube #it$ !i,eent )olumn

s/a)ing


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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#


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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7endin5 moment and shear force in columns atcorner of the buildin5s are small com8ared to thosein columns in the middle of the buildin5s7endin5 moment and shear force in columns are

ma


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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Signi1)ant o. t$is Stu)tual System inEat$ua3e(


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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#s 8er *% 1"93Part 1:'((' Pa5e 1'


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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*s a88licable only ifsubected to relatively very short acceleration 8ulsein8ut ener5y for the linear elastic structure in the

same as that for the inelastic structure


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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

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es8onse reduction factor is the factor bywhich the actual base shear should be

reduced to obtain the desi5n lateral force


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4ERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURALMATERIAL ' SOIL

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Eysteresis loo8 of soilsubected to cyclic loadin5


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7acGbone curve showin5 variation of secant shearstress with shear strain


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Variation of modular ratio with shear strain


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+ross-borehole


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28-hole


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Variation of dam8in5 ratio with shear strain


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*n conte


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%tandard 8enetrationtest


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0ailure surface and load settlement dia5ram for5eneral shear failure


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0ailure surface and load settlement dia5ram for8unchin5 shear failure


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0ailure surface and load settlement dia5ram for localshear failure


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*n conte


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*n conte


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4ERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL 'CONCRETE

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%tress - strain curvesfor concrete cylinder

loaded in unia


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*n>uence of hei5htto diameter ratio


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%tress - strain curvesfor concrete with

various rate of a


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%tress - strain

curves forconcrete cylinder

with hi5hintensity of

re8eated a


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*dealized stress -strain curve for

concrete in unia


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4ERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL 'STEEL

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&y8ical stress - straincurves for steelreinforcement

4ERFORMANCE OF STRUCTURAL MATERIAL


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%tress - strain curvesillustratin5 u88er and

lower yield 8oints



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Iield 8oint of steelwithout well de;ned

yield 8lateau



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%tress - strain curvesfor steel under

re8eated loadin5



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7auschin5er e@ect for steel under reversedloadin5

)lastic - 8refectly 8lastic idealization for steel

under reversed loadin5



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%tress - strain curves for steel withreversed loadin5 eversed loadin5

curve



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%tress - strain curvesfor steel with

reversed loadin5

)


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*n conte


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*n conte

structural material and systems

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