Strikes (part 2)Strikes (part 2)

Molly MaguiresMolly Maguires

Secret organization of coal miners in Secret organization of coal miners in Pennsylvania and West Virginia (1872-76)Pennsylvania and West Virginia (1872-76)

Pinkertons- private police used to break Pinkertons- private police used to break strikesstrikes

Blamed for sabotage and terrorism; 10 Blamed for sabotage and terrorism; 10 leaders were hanged in PA (1877)leaders were hanged in PA (1877)

(end here)-Employers fight back here?(end here)-Employers fight back here?

Homestead Strike; 1892Homestead Strike; 1892

Wages cut at Carnegie Steel in PittsburghWages cut at Carnegie Steel in Pittsburgh Strike called (Carnegie’s partner!)Strike called (Carnegie’s partner!)

Violence ensued (Pinkertons)Violence ensued (Pinkertons) Shootout with strikers kills a number on both Shootout with strikers kills a number on both

sidessides

**Strike called off**Strike called off

Pullman Strike- 1894 Pullman Strike- 1894

George PullmanGeorge Pullman Built village for workers (schools, stores, Built village for workers (schools, stores,

banks, utilities)banks, utilities)

Poor economic times lead to 25% wage Poor economic times lead to 25% wage cuts!!! (May, 1894)cuts!!! (May, 1894)

Pullman fires workers who try to negotiatePullman fires workers who try to negotiate

In 1880 Pullman bought 4000 acres (16 km²) near Lake Calumet some 14 miles In 1880 Pullman bought 4000 acres (16 km²) near Lake Calumet some 14 miles south of Chicago on the Illinois Central Railroad for $800,000. He hired Solon south of Chicago on the Illinois Central Railroad for $800,000. He hired Solon Spencer Beman to design his new plant there, and in an effort to solve the issue of Spencer Beman to design his new plant there, and in an effort to solve the issue of labor unrest and poverty, he also built a town adjacent to his factory with its own labor unrest and poverty, he also built a town adjacent to his factory with its own housing, shopping areas, churches, theaters, parks, hotel and library for his housing, shopping areas, churches, theaters, parks, hotel and library for his employees. The 1300 original structures were entirely designed by Beman. The employees. The 1300 original structures were entirely designed by Beman. The centerpiece of the complex was the Administration Building and its man-made lake. centerpiece of the complex was the Administration Building and its man-made lake. The Hotel Florence, named for Pullman's favorite daughter, was built nearby. (see The Hotel Florence, named for Pullman's favorite daughter, was built nearby. (see Pullman, Chicago)Pullman, Chicago)

Railway workers vs. Illinois National Railway workers vs. Illinois National GuardGuard

June- 120,000 workers go on strike.June- 120,000 workers go on strike.

Govt issues court order forcing workers Govt issues court order forcing workers back on job (Grover Cleveland has federal back on job (Grover Cleveland has federal troops enforce decision)troops enforce decision)

Other strikesOther strikes

Nov, 1887- Thibodauz (LA) Massacre- 35 Nov, 1887- Thibodauz (LA) Massacre- 35 African-American sugar cane workers shot African-American sugar cane workers shot during work stoppageduring work stoppage

June, 1904- Colorado state militia kills 6 June, 1904- Colorado state militia kills 6 union mine workers on strikeunion mine workers on strike Rest ‘deported’ to Kansas!!Rest ‘deported’ to Kansas!!

Independence, CO mineIndependence, CO mine