Stress

StressGRRRRRRRR.1So, what exactly is stress?The Process by which we perceive and respond to certain events that we see as threatening or challenging.Stressors are the events!2Big Date Scenario

3Hey.. A girl can dream right?!?

4What?!?!?!?!?!

5What stresses you outWrite down certain things that stress you out!!!

Write at least five sentences if in paragraph form, or you can bullet your stressors.6Where is the stress in this situation?Some would say that neither the date or the zit is the stress.

The date would be the stressor (the event we see as threatening or challenging), and the pimple would be the stress reactionAll though the pimple could be seen as the stressor as well..7Health PsychologyA subfield of psychologyFocuses attention on how stress affects our well-being and our healthHow are stress and illness related?How do our perceptions of stress affect our health?Can we control our reactions to stress?What behaviors and attitudes help prevent health problems?8Responding to StressThreat: (negative) Ill never be able to fix this!!!! I cant, I cant, I cant!Freeze up, panicChallenge: (Positive) Hmmmm. How can I fix this? What options do I have? A, B, or C?Focused, more likely to overcome the obstacle.9Responding to Stress. (write this one down)

10How do you deal with stress?Write in paragraph form. Or you can bullet how you personally deal with stress how do you respond?11How Ms. Brady Responds to StressI have to admit. I think of stressors as a Threat!I dont:EatSleepSpeak to some people unless I have toPanicCleanCook (cooking is therapeutic for me)Sometimes Lock myself in a room until Im not stressed. (if Im home for a few days.)Pretend it does not exist (the situation)Terrible Right?!?!?!?12Pop QuizOkay guys, were having a pop quiz over the video from the other day. Get out a sheet of paper

13Just KiddingDid that stress you out?!?

What physiological responses occurred when I said that?!?14Psychologist: Walter CannonEmotional and physiological experiences occur simultaneously.Different situations release stress related hormones into the nervous system.Stress Response in the Nervous System:Dulls pain sensationIncreases blood flow to larger muscles.Why? To prepare you to either take action or to flee from it.. FIGHT or FLIGHT!

15Hans SelyeMr. GASFounded the General Adaptation SyndromeBodys response to stress is three stages-alarm, resistance, and exhaustionResearched: Recurring responses to stressStudied stress in animals with many chemicals and substances (electric shock)

16G.A.S.Step 1: Alarm Reaction: Nervous system is activated following an emotional or physical trauma.Side effects: heart pumping faster, body mobilizes to take on the challenges.Step 2: Resistance: Outpourings of stress-related hormones.Side Effects: keeps your respiration, temperature, and blood pressure high.Step 3: Exhaustion: After youve been exposed to stress for an extended period of time.Side Effects: Greater susceptibility to illness. EXTREME circumstances is death.17G.A.S. (the three phases)

18Stressful EventsDaily, Significant Life Changes, and Catastrophes19Examples of Daily StressorsRunning Late for a meetingBeing behind in school work for the dayForgetting your homeworkYou cant get into your lockerYou locked yourself out of your houseYou forgot an umbrellaMisplaced your cashMisplaced your plane ticket.20Daily StressTypical daily demands, economic hassles, living situations.Combine small daily hassles over time and your health will suffer.What is burnout?Physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion brought on by persistent job-related stress.

How have you experienced burnout?21Ms. Brady and her burnoutGainesville State-Summer of 2007

I graduated high school in late May 2006. I started college three days after.I took two summer coursesI took 15 hours in Fall and SpringI then took 12 hours during that summer22What happened?23I flunked the whole summer.24What are the results of burnoutDepression (from the emotional exhaustion)Decreased performance or productivity (from the physical exhaustion)Cynicism (from the mental exhaustion)25Significant Life ChangesPersonal Life ChangesDivorceDeathMovingNew jobLeaving home to be out on your own (something some of you will experience soon)How can this affect your health?26Examples of health issuesThose who have been recently fired, widowed, or divorced have a greater vulnerability to disease.

The likelihood of death in widowed people doubles in the week after their partners death.27CatastrophesEarthquakesFloodsWarsUnpredictable, life threatening eventsLos Angeles in 1994 (five times the normal number of sudden-death heart attacks were reported, but only 13% were the result of running, lifting debris, or some other form of physical exertion. The remainder was said to be from stress)Catastrophes mean prolonged exposure to stress..Prolonged exposure can lead to psychological and physical problems.28Effects of Perceived Control29Perceived ControlSense of control or influence one has over stressful events in their life.

Studies suggest and show:Lower Perceived control, the higher the potential for health-related problems, the lower your immunity system!30Is the glass half full or half empty?You guys decided31

32OptimismYou are the type of person who has a general positive outlook on the present and the futureHell get better! Its only a matter of timeThings will shape up.Tend to have a stronger immune system than pessimists and recover quicker from health issues.

33Stress HormonesReleased in response to stressPessimism + Perceived Lack of Control = more stress hormones and hinders recovery time!

Example: sick during a final exam

-Ms. Brady in Chemistry class....34Cancer and Stress?Can stress really cause cancer?35Stress and CancerTwo conclusions: Stress does not cause cancer cellsStress affects the malignancy-fighting ability.If your immune system is weak then your body is much more likely to allow tumor growth that it would normally fight against.36Stress and Heart Related Issues:IndividualsType ACompetitiveHard workingImpatientAnger-proneAggressive

MORE PRONE TO HEART ATTACKS..Type BEasy going, laid back, relaxed, cool as a cucumber.37Carmen vs. the Yoga Guy.

38Health and Wellness39Martin SeligmanPositive Mental health= positive physical healthIf you can avoid depression, you can avoid other sickness.

WELLNESSThe common result of a health lifestyle and attitudes.

40Exercise: Benefits of Daily ExerciseEffective in reducing anxiety and depressionSelf-ConfidenceSelf-Discipline

41Studies on Exercise and Depression

42Okay, so whats the Scoop?^ output of mood boosting chemicals!Enhances memoryLowers your blood pressureBetter sleep (awesome we could all use that one)Emotional benefitsHeart attack risk is cut in halfAdd two years to your life!43Increase energy and release tensionA 10 minute walk can.44Benefits of Social SupportFamily and FriendsSocial support makes us feel liked and wantedBenefits?Less physical issuesMore Pleasure in your lifeLonger Life!

45Are there any benefits from Religious ActivityStudies show: those involved TEND TO live longerThere were correlations, not actual effectsBenefits?Promotes healthy lifestylesOffers social supportPromotes optimism46Faith Factor

47Positive Experiences and WellbeingPositive Psychology: focuses on the study of optimal human functioning and factors that allow individuals and communities to thrive.Martin Seligman was a huge fan.

A persons wellbeing includes:Life satisfactionFeelings of fulfillment, pleasant emotions, low levels of unpleasant emotions.Life is satisfying and going well48FlowState of optimal experienceTasks for happiness not rewardCan lose track of timeFor flow to occur:There must be a challenge requiring skillClear GoalsProvide Feedback

Examples: Reading a book we cannot put down (Twilight), Acting in a school play, basketball in the driveway49HappinessHigh self-esteemOutgoingClose friendshipsSatisfying marriageWork and leisure that engage their skillsMeaningful religious faithSleep wellExercise50OptimismTendency to expect the bestBad events are:TemporaryNot their faultWont have effects beyond what is currently happening.Flat tire: Once the tire is fixed, there are no effects beyond it! Why? Because your tire is already fixed!51PessimismTendency to expect the worseBlame themselves

Explanatory style: Its our little habit of thinking about the good and bad causes of an events.Date? The guy does not call you? Was he not into you, is he in jail? Does he have another girlfriend? Etc. We think of reasons. Omy favorite hell be out of touch because hes out of town (Ever see that movie????)52Dangers of SMOKING..

53Why Smoking is BadSmokers have high rates of depression and divorce.They lose 12 minutes off their life for every cigarette.They are three times more likely than nonsmokers to drink alcohol.They are 17 times more likely than nonsmokers to smoke marijuana.Bad for lungs and heart.Will kill 10 million people/year.

54Who is likely to be a smoker?Almost all smokers start as adolescents.If your parents, siblings, and friends smoke Students who drop outStudents who get poor gradesStudents who feel less control over their futures

If you havent started by the time you graduate from high schoolodds are low you will start.55NicotineStimulant in tobaccoMore addictive than cocaine and heroine1 in 3 who try smoking. Get hooked!

Whats the hype all about?!?Suppresses appetitesReduces sensitivity to painCalms anxietyBoosts awareness

56WithdrawalDiscomfort and distress that follows discontinuing the use of an addictive drug.

Symptoms include:InsomniaAnxietyCravingIrritability 57Quitting SmokingSet a dateInform others of your planGet rid of all cigarettes (not even an emergency pack in your closet tsk tsk tsk)Review previous attempts to quit and look at the challengesUse a nicotine patch or gumBe totally abstinent (none what so ever!)Avoid Alcohol (youll want to smoke when you drink. Ever heard the song???)Quit with another family member or friendAvoid places where others smoke (like a bar)Exercise regularly58Body Mass IndexA persons weight in kilograms divided by their squared height in meters.BMI should be below 25Obesity is 30+ (world health organization)

Risk of obesityIncreased risk of diabetes^ blood pressureHeart diseaseGallstonesSleep disordersCancerArthritis59Which is more preferred by you guys? How does society see weight nowHer?

60Or her..

61Marilyn Monroe was a size 12Which happens to be the size of the average American woman today!62Fat CellsAverage of 30 billion fat cellsIf you can take in too many calories, they expandWhen they reach a certain size, they divide and become two cells

Hey kiddos, How many calories equals one pound of fat?633,500.64Dieting. Reduces the size of the cells not the number of them65Set PointWhere a persons individual weight thermostat is setWhen you fall below the set point weight you will have an increased hunger and lower metabolic rate in order to restore your body weight.Metabolic weight= bodys resting rate of energy expenditure.Rate varies person to person with genetic influences66Tips for Losing WeightReduce Exposure to tempting food cuesBoost metabolismBe patientBe realisticBe moderatePermanently change the food you eatControl your portionsDONT SKIP BREAKFAST AND LUNCHSet attainable goals67