streetscape design guideand improvements to the existing highway network, involving technical...
TRANSCRIPT
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Worcestershire County Council
Streetscape Design Guide
Worcestershire County Council
Streetscape Design Guide
Winter 2018
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Version Control
Date Action
14th June, 2018 Document adopted by WCC Cabinet
31st July, 2018 Amendments as agreed with Director of Economy & Infrastructure and the Cabinet Member with Responsibility
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Contents
1. Introduction 5
2. TheDesignProcess 8
3. LayoutandConnectivity 14
4. PlanningforParking 33
5. PlanningforPassengerTransport 36
6. PlanningforanAdoptablePublicStreetscape 38
Appendices
A Usefulcontacts 45
B HighwayNetworkGISlinkandHighwaysEnglandnote 46
C BiodiversityLegislativeFrameworkAndBestPracticeGuidance 47
D DevelopmentManagementFlowChart 51
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ForewordWelcome By Councillor Alan Amos and Councillor Dr Ken Pollock
Worcestershireisanattractiveandambitiouscounty,withafocusondevelopmentandgrowth.Inthecomingyears,manyofWorcestershire’surbanareasaresettogrow,inresponsetoanincreasedneedfornewdwellings,andcommercialandindustrialopportunities.
Ourstreetsareapreciousresource,providingthesocialsettingforpubliclife,andaccesstoawiderangeofservicesandfacilities.Itisessentialthatnewstreetsaredesignedwiththoughtandcare.
Asuccessfulstreetscapeshouldbedurable,attractiveandprovidefortheneedsofallusers.Thisguideisintendedtoofferapolicyframeworktoachievejustthat,givingthoseengagedwithdesigningnewstreetscapesaclearframework,guidanceandsupporttoachievesuccessinWorcestershire.
Councillor Alan Amos and Councillor Dr. Ken Pollock
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1. Introduction1.1 Background
Worcestershirehasitall;eacheraofhistoryfromtheprehistorytothepresentdayhasleftalastingmarkonthecounty,leavingarichmixofattractivelandscapesandstreetscapes.Itisthequalityofboththenaturalandhistoricbuiltenvironmentswhichsupports(inpart)Worcestershire’svibrantvisitor-focussedeconomy,whilstprovidingacherishedenvironmentinwhichtoliveandwork.
Inthe1930s,40sand50s,historicurbanareasgrewtocaterfortheaspirationsofresidents,resultinginanumberoflargerhousingestates,oftenwithattractivegreeninfrastructureandservicestosupportahigherqualityoflife.
However,inthelatterhalfofthetwentiethcentury,therehavebeenseveralexamplesofpoorlyplanneddevelopment,whichhasresultedinrelativelyisolated,car-dominatedestateswithlimitedidentityanduglymodernistbuildingsincentralareas,aswellasgradualattritionofgreenspaceinoururbanareas,whichdetractsfromthequalityofthehistoricbuiltenvironment.
Theseaspectsprovidebothauniqueandexcitingopportunitytoprospectivedevelopers,tointegratenewdevelopmentintotheexistingbuiltenvironmentinawaywhichrespectsheritageassetsandlearnsfromthemistakesofthepast.WorcestershireCountyCouncilrecognisestheimportancethatnewhighwayscanmaketothewiderroleofplacemakingandthatdesignconceptsshouldnotbeconstrainedtojustthefunctionalspaces.
Worcestershirechallengesprospectivedeveloperstocreateattractive,accessiblecommunitieswhichdeliverahighqualityoflife;placeswherepeoplewanttolive,workandinvest.Toachievethis,thefollowingaimsfortheconsiderationoftransportinfrastructureandservicesinnewdevelopment:
• Ensurethatnewdevelopmentrelatestoitscontext,withtransportlinksintegratingseamlesslywithinthebuiltandnaturalenvironmenttothebenefitofnewresidents,adjacentoccupiersandexistingcommunitiesalike;
• Ensurethattransportinfrastructureisdesignedtoencouragealternativestocarusebyprovidingconvenient,safeandattractiveprovisionforpedestrians,cyclistsandpassengertransportuserstokeytripattractors,permeatingbothnewdevelopmentsandexistingcommunities;
• Ensurethedesignofstreetswithinnewdevelopmentscontinuestoaccommodatenecessaryvehiclemovement,andfacilitatecarparking,butseekstoencouragetrafficspeedsof20mphorless;
• Ensurenewdevelopmentisintuitiveinitsapproach,providingeasyandsafeaccessbetweenhighways,carparkingareasanddwellingsforeveryone,includingthosewithvisualandmobilityimpairment;
• Ensurethatnewdevelopmentsaredesignedtoprovideasafe,secureandsustainableenvironment,includingembracingsustainablegreeninfrastructurethroughoutthedesignprocess,recognisingthecentralrolethatsuchinfrastructureplaysindeliveringliveable,attractivecommunities;
• Secureamovementnetworkwhichisadoptablewithanextensivedesignlifeandiseasilymaintainable.
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1.2 The Streetscape Design Guide in ContextTheStreetscapeDesignGuideiswrittentoprovidenecessarylocaldetail,andshouldbeconsideredinconjunctionwithnationalguidanceincludingtheManualsforStreets1and2(referredtointhisdocumentasManualforStreets),theDesignManualforRoadsandBridges,aswellasawiderangeofbestpracticedocumentscoveringdifferentaspectsofdevelopmentdesignandprotectionofvaluablenaturalresources.TheSDGseekstostriketherightbalancebetweenallowingdesignerstheflexibilityneededtocreatedistinctivehighqualitydevelopments,whilstalsoensuringthatplannedtransportinfrastructureisresilient,standsthetestoftimeandiscost-effectivetomaintain.
TheManualforStreetsreinforcesthemessagethatacoordinateddesignprocessisessentialforsuccessfuldevelopment.WorcestershireCountyCouncilstronglyadvocatesthisapproachandsupportstheearlyestablishmentofdevelopmentteamstopromoteproactivejointworking,assuchisitencouragedthattheLocalPlanningAuthority’sDevelopmentManagementteamisengagedatanearlystagetoensureaholisticapproachtodevelopmentisprovided.
1.3 Management of the Transport NetworkWorcestershireCountyCouncilistheLocalHighwayAuthorityforWorcestershire,assetoutinstatutelaw.Itisresponsibleformanagingthefollowingaspectsofthetransportnetwork:
• AllpublichighwayswiththeexceptionoftheTrunkRoadnetwork,whichismanagedbyHighwaysEngland(seebelow);
• PublicRightsofWay;
• On-streetcarparking;
• Somepublicoff-streetcarparking(whereassociatedwithCouncil-runfacilitiessuchasCountryParks);
• Somebusservices;
• CommunityTransportschemes.
WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sDevelopmentManagementTeamisresponsibleforcoordinatingtheLocalHighwayAuthority’sresponsetoconsultationsreceivedfornewdevelopmentproposalsinrespecttohighwaysandtransportissues.TheDevelopmentManagementTeamcanadvisedesignersonavarietyofmatters,includingresponsibilitiesfortransportinfrastructure.
WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sSec.38/278DevelopmentControlTeamisresponsibleformanagingthedeliveryofdeveloperledschemesforthecreationofnewhighwaysandimprovementstotheexistinghighwaynetwork,involvingtechnicalcheckingandapprovalofsubmissionsandinspectionofthesiteworks.TheSec.38/278Teamcanadvisedesignersonavarietyofdetailedhighwaydesignmatters.
1.4 Application of Design Standards TheManualforStreets2andtheDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesprovideaframeworkforthedesignofnewtransportinfrastructureandarethedefaultresourcesforpriorityjunctionsandaccesses.
TheDesignManualforRoadsandBridgessetsoutdesignstandardsforthecarriagewayandthisshouldbeusedasthestartingpoint,however,aroadwillalwaysbesituatedwithinanexistingenvironment.Asaresult,itisnotenoughtoconsiderthecarriagewayinisolation.Therearemanymoreguidancedocumentstosupportdesignersandlandownerstoproducehighwayinfrastructureplanswhichrespondpositivelytothesurroundingenvironmentandtotheusersofthespace.ThisSDGprovidesthesignpostingtothesedocuments.
Intheeventofconfusion,DevelopersareencouragedtomakecontactwithWorcestershireCountyCouncil,astheLocalHighwayAuthority,toobtainclarificationinwriting.
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1.5 PhilosophyWorcestershireCountyCouncilencouragescreativityintheapproachtodesigninghighwayinfrastructure.Innovativedesignswhichchallengethestatusquowhilststillmeetingrequirementssetoutinrelevantstatutorylegislationandnon-statutoryguidancewillbeconsideredonacasebycasebasis.However,itisstronglyadvisedthatanyproposalsarediscussedatanearlystagewiththeCountyCouncilDevelopmentManagementTeam,toavoidprolongedinefficientdialoguelaterintheplanningprocess.Anysuchdesignswillneedtobesupportedbyevidencetoshowhowthesedesignsmeetrelevantguidanceandconsiderthesafetyofusers,andanymaintenanceimplications.
Newhighwaysandmodificationtoexistinginfrastructurecancausemajorimpactstoprotectedanddecliningspeciesviaseveranceanddestructionofvaluablehabitats.EarlyengagementwithanEcologicalConsultantiskeytoreducingcostlydelaysbyincorporatingmitigationintohighwaydesignandensuringdevelopmentscomplywiththenecessarylegislationandbestpractice(referenceAppendixC).Nationalpolicyrequiresthatallproposalsshouldaimtoachievea“netgain”inbiodiversityandbeintegraltothescheme.Schemesthatcannotachievethiswillneedtodemonstratewhyithasnotbeenpossible.
Inadditiontoallowingpeopleandgoodstotravelfromonelocationtoanother,thetransportnetworkcatersforamuchwiderrangeofactivities,particularlyinurbanareas.Atanyonetimeinatypicalurbanstreet,itisquitepossibletoseeamixtureofpeopleusingtherouteonfoot,cycling,ordrivingamobilityscooter,acar,avan,oralorry,ingoingabouttheirdailybusiness.Allsuchusersareusingthestreetasalink;ameansofgettingfromoneplacetoanother.Similarly,wildlifemayusethehedgerows,treesandgrasslandinvergesalongthecarriagewayasundisturbedmeansofdispersingtolargerareasofnaturalhabitatformingimportantwildlifecorridorsorsteppingstones.Forexamplewildflowervergescurrentlyprovideinvaluablesteppingstonesfor
decliningpollinators,sothepermeabilityofthelandscapeshouldbemaintainedandenhancedbynewdevelopmentandacttosupportnationalinitiativessuchasNationalPollinatorsStrategy.
Furthermore,manysuchstreetsalsoaccommodateotherfunctions.Forexample,thestreetmaybeusedbypeopletohostevents,markets,demonstrations,socialgatherings,somewheretoeatanddrinkandforsightseeing;thesefunctionsareallusesofthestreetasaplace.Additionally,theseroadvergesmay,duetotheirundisturbednature,haveintrinsicvalueforwildlifebyprovidingopportunitiesforoverwintering,breeding,foragingandtakingrefuge,manywithinthecountybeingdesignatedasRoadsideVergeNatureReserves(www.worcestershire.gov.uk).
Vergescanprovideacritical‘stepping-stone’functiontosurroundingsitesofnatureconservationvalue.Withappropriatedesignandmanagementthevergescanservetolinklocalpopulationsofwildlifethroughoutthecounty.
Considerationofaroute’slinkandplacefunctionisanessentialpartofthedevelopmentprocess,whichdirectlycontributestowardscreatingsuccessfulandattractivespaceswhichalsobenefitwildlife.
WorcestershireCountyCouncilsuggeststhatDevelopersspecificallyconsiderthisinthecontextofstatutorylegislationandnonstatutoryguidance(referenceAppendixC),andagreeproposalswiththeDMteam
1.6 ReviewTheStreetscapeDesignGuidewillbereviewedannuallytoensurethatitremainscurrenttochangesinnationalandlocalpolicyandtoreflectonemergingevidence.Thedocumentmaybereviewedsoonershouldamorefundamentalchangebeneeded.
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2. The Design Process2.1 Introduction
Designinghighwayshaschanged.Itisnolongerthecommonpracticetomakevehiclesthedominantfeatureofaroad.Thismessageisechoedthroughoutcentralgovernmentdesignguidesanddocuments.The‘ManualforStreets’notessignificantflawsinpastroadhierarchiesstatingthat:
“Inthepast,roaddesignhierarchieshavebeenbasedalmostexclusivelyontheimportanceattributedtovehicularmovement.Thishasledtothemarginalisationofpedestriansandcyclistsintheuppertierswherevehicularcapacityrequirementspredominate.Theprinciplethataroadwasprimarilyformotortraffichastendedtofilterdownintothedesignofstreetsinthebottomtiersofthehierarchy…Streetsshouldnolongerbedesignedbyassuming‘place’tobeautomaticallysubservientto‘movement’.”(P18:ManualforStreets,DfT,2007)
TheDepartmentforTransport’sManualforStreetsgoesontostatethatthedesignofanynewroadorimprovementstoanexistingroadshouldfollowauserhierarchyassetoutbelow:
Consider First Pedestrians
Cyclists
PublicTransportUsers
SpecialistServiceVehicles(e.g.emergencyservices,wasteetc.)
Consider Last OtherMotorTraffic
Thereiseverevolvingguidanceforthewidevarietyofroadtypes.Thefollowinglistsomeofthemostcommonlyusedguidelinesforhighwaydesign:
• DesignstandardsforhighwaylayoutsareprescribedinDesignManualforRoadsandBridges.ItisimportanttonotethatDesignManualforRoadsandBridgeshasbeen
preparedforTrunkRoadsandmaynotalwaysbeappropriateforlowerspeedurbanandlocalroads.
• ManualforStreets1and2(Manualforstreets)aimstotransformthequalityofroaddesign,breakingawayfromthestandardised,risk-averseapproaches.Itprovidesdesignerswithadviceonhowcarriagewaywidths,alignmentsandcross-sectionaldetailscanbedesignedinawaythatbetterrespectslocalcontextandtheneedsofusersotherthanmotortraffic.
• WestMidlandsCycleDesignGuidance:ThisdocumentwaspublishedbyTransportfortheWestMidlandsinSeptember2017andprovidesusefulguidanceonallaspectsofcyclinginfrastructure.
• ‘TrafficinVillages–Atoolkitforcommunities’isapublicationproducedbyDorsetAONBPartnershipandisatoolkittohelpParishCouncilsandlocalgroupsunderstandthecoreprinciplesforreducingspeed,improvingsafetyandretaininglocaldistinctiveness.TheToolkitextendsthekeyprinciplesofManualforStreetsandManualforStreets2tosupportruralcommunitiescopingwiththeimpactoftrafficinvillagesandsmalltownsofwhichWorcestershireishometomany.
2.2 Further GuidanceAflowchart,whichsetsoutthevariousstagesofthedesignprocesscanbefoundinAppendixD.
‘StreetDesignforAll–Anupdateofnationaladviceandgoodpractice’isawell-regardeddocumentonstreetdesignwithanemphasisonthepublicrealm.ProducedbyPRIANitiscommendedforusebytheDfT(DepartmentforTransport)andtheCIHT(CharteredInstituteofHighwaysandTransportation).
Thesectiononroadsafetyisparticularlyusefulforunderstandingdriverperceptionandshouldbereadandunderstoodbyalldesignersinvolvedinhighwaydesign.
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Beyondthecarriageway,forurbanandruralareasalike,theintegrationofthefootwayuseralongthecounty’sroadsmustbegivenhighconsiderationandimportanceinthedevelopmentofdesigns.Thisistheplaceofmostactivityfromnon-motorisedusers.Conflictscanarisebetweenpedestrianflowsanddesirelines,streetfurniture,cycleways,crossingpoints.
Forhighpedestrianfootfallareassuchasalonghighstreets,PedestrianComfortGuidanceforLondon(2010)providesfurtherguidanceontheintegrationoffootwayuserswiththehighway.Itdescribesthefootwayashavingfourdifferentzones,thesebeingthe:Kerbzone,Furniturezone,FootwayclearzoneandtheFrontagezone.Itexplainshowtocollectdatatodeterminetheconfigurationofthefootwayzoneforeachdevelopmenttypethroughacomfortassessmentinordertoachieveappropriatefootwaywidthsforusersofthefootway.
2.3 Integrating Infrastructure and Environmental Context Considerationoftheenvironmentalcontextofthesitewillprovidemanyopportunitiesforenrichingthestreetscapeexperience.
Green InfrastructureIntegrationofgreeninfrastructurehasprovenhealth,environmentalandeconomicbenefits.WorcestershireCountyCouncilpublisheditsGreenInfrastructureStrategyin2013anditsvisionisthat:
Worcestershire’shighqualitynaturalandhistoricenvironmentwillfulfilamulti-functionalrole.Itwillenablesustainablegrowthoftheeconomy,improvethecommunity’sexperienceofnaturalandhistoricplaces,deliverbenefitstohealthandwell-beingandunderpinthecounty’sresiliencetoclimatechange.
Itisexpectedthatproposalsforinvestmentininfrastructurewillincorporategreeninfrastructureasanintegralpartofthedevelopmentortoreplacetraditionalinfrastructureapproacheswithgreeninfrastructuresolutionswhereretro-fitimprovementstohighwaysareplanned.
Figure11ofWorcestershire’sGreenInfrastructureStrategysetsouttheprinciplestoconsiderwhenintegratinggreeninfrastructurewithinnewdevelopment.Acopyofthestrategycanbefoundherehttp://www.worcestershire.gov.uk/downloads/file/3780/worcestershire_gi_strategy_document_2013.
Trees In The Streetscape Environment Treesfoundwithintheurbanenvironmentcanmakeasignificantcontributiontopromotingeconomicvalue,asustainableintegratedinfrastructureapproach,climatechangeadaptationandhumanhealthandwell-being.Theincreasingspatialflexibilityofstreetscapedesigncontextshouldpromptadesignapproachthatexploresgreaterdiversityinthetreeassemblage.Thereisalogic(notleastvisual)toplantingsinglespeciesstreettreesinAvenuesandBoulevards.Bycontrast,withthestreetthereisanopportunitytointroducearangeofspeciesofdifferentstructuralcharacteristicsandheightstofurthersoftentheoverallcharacterandcreatetemporalviewpointsforpeoplewalkingalongtheStreet.Varyingheight,structureandtheappearanceoftrees(leafcolour,barktextureandfloweringseason)cancreateagreatersenseofdepthandfilteredviews,therefore,addingtotheexperienceoftheseparticularplacesthatsetsthemapartfrommoreformalstreetscapes.
Itiscommonlyperceivedbylocalauthoritiesanddevelopersthattheinstallationandmaintenanceoftreesrequireshighcapitalinvestmentandhighmaintenancecosts.
TreesinHardLandscapeAGuideforDelivery(TDAG)isapublicationcommendedbytheMinisterofStateforTransport.Itexplainsthecollaborativeprocesstobeadoptedindesigningwithtrees,providestechnicaldesignsolutionsandspeciesselectioncriteria.Theaimoftheguidanceistoensuretherighttreeandrighttechnicaldesignsolutionisincludedinstreetdesign.Theprocessandinstallationandmaintenanceneednotbecostlyifintegrationandadequateprovisionfortreesintheplanningandadoptionprocessesissecuredfromtheoutset.
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Worcestershireattachesgreatimportancetothecontributionthatadiversemixtureoftreeplantingcanmaketoourenvironment.Wherepossibleexistingtreesmustbeintegratedwithinnewdevelopmentproposals.ItisimportanttoengageanarboriculturisttocarryoutatreesurveyinaccordancewiththeBritishStandardBS:58372012Treesinrelationtodesign,demolitionandconstruction–
Recommendationsatthecommencementofdevelopingplansofanynewhighwayinfrastructure.Thiswillestablishthehealth,longevity,rootzoneandtreeworksrequiredofexistingtreesandshouldaidinthedecisionmakingofanyroadalignment.Theremovaloftreesshouldbealastresortandshouldonlyoccurfollowingacollaborativeprocesstodeterminethatatree’sretentionisimpossible.
Trees And Sustainable Drainage Solutions (SuDS) Thedevelopmentofthedesigndetailsforthestreetshouldincorporatewater-sensitivedesignwhereappropriate.Thedesignneedstoensure:
• Thereisallowanceforsomeprecipitationtoreachthetree-rootingenvironment,
• Fulladvantageofthecapacityofthetreesrootingenvironmentistakenintoaccounttohelpmanagestormwaterrunoff,and
• TreesareexplicitlyintegratedinthesurfacewaterdrainageplanforthesiteinaccordancewithSuDSbestpractice.
FurtherguidanceonthedeliveryofSuDScanbefoundinTheSuDSManual(C753).
TheupdatedSuDSManualincorporatestheverylatestresearch,industrypracticeandguidance.IndeliveringSuDSthereisarequirementtomeettheframeworksetoutbytheGovernment’s‘nonstatutorytechnicalstandards’andtherevisedSuDSManualcomplementsthesebutgoesfurthertosupportthecost-effectivedeliveryofmultiplebenefits.
Environmental and Ecological Impact Assessments
SomeofWorcester’sscarcestspecieshavepopulationsreliantonthecarefulmanagementofthecounty’shighwaynetworks..Appropriatelevelsofecologicalassessmentshouldbecarriedouttoworkasaniterativeprocesswiththedevelopmentaspartofthewiderecologicalassessment.
InEnglandandWales,therequirementsoftheEIADirectivewithregardstoroadprojectshasbeentransposedintoUKstatutebySection105oftheHighwaysAct1980,asamendedbytheHighways(EnvironmentalImpactAssessment)Regulations2007.
DevelopmentsclassifiedasrelevantundertheEIADirectiveAnnexIIwillthereforeneedfurtherassessmentinaccordancewiththeDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesVolume11,toestablishwhethersignificantenvsarelikelytoariseduringitsconstructionandoperation.
TheenvironmentalassessmentfordevelopmentsmustbeundertakeninaccordancewiththeDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesVolume11,andanyrelevantInterimAdviceNotes(IAN).
ToinformthebaselineoftheseassessmentsWorcestershireCountyCouncilresourcesanddatasetsshouldbereferredtowithspecificfocusontheGreenInfrastructureFramework2reportwhichwillassistinestablishingthebaselineconditionsatasub-regionalcontextandprovidesguidanceontheprocessofcarryingoutEcologicalImpactAssessment(EcIA).WorcestershireCountyCouncilprovidesandmaintainsamappingdataresourceatanoverallspatiallevel,whichcanbeaccessedat:gis.worcestershire.gov.uk.
Newdevelopmentandhighwayinfrastructureoftenimpactsupontheexistinglandscape.Toavoiddetrimentaleffectsonthelandscapecharacterafullassessmentoftheexistingcharacteranditsabilitytoacceptchangeneedstobeestablished.Worcestershire’sLandscapeCharacterAssessmentprovidesguidelinesfortheprotectionand
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enhancementoftherichandvariedlandscapecharactertypes.Itindicateswherepressuresforchangeareoccurringandwhatfutureplanningandmanagementneedstobeincorporatedintodevelopmentplans.
Similarly,Worcestershire’sHistoricLandscapeCharacterisationprovidesaframeworkforinforminglandscapestrategies,spatialplanninganddevelopmentcontrol.ItisbeingusedbytheCountyCouncilorDistrictCouncilstrategicplanningorconservationstaffespeciallythosewithresponsibilityforsettingframeworksforchangeormakingdecisionsthatmightaffecttheCounty’shistoriclandscapecharacter.
Streetscape Design and Wildlife Mitigation MeasuresWhereneworalteredroadsriskfragmentingcontiguousnaturalhabitatsandalloptionstoavoidthishavebeenexhausted(andthereisevidencetodemonstratethisprocess),theCountyCouncilrequiresthatbestpracticemitigationmeasuressuchasmammalpasses,insetkerbs,tunnels,drainswithwildlifeexitroutes,andarborealhop-oversareincorporatedalongknownwildlifecorridors.Highwaydesignisexpectedtotakethemitigationhierarchyintoaccount.
2.4 Transport Assessments and StatementsThefollowingthresholdsareforguidancepurposesandshouldnotbereadasabsolutes.
ThresholdsarenormallyappliedforinitiatingaTransportAssessment.DevelopmentsbelowthesethresholdsstillhaveanimpactonthelocaltransportnetworkandsowillnormallyberequiredtoprovideaTransportStatement,unlessexemptedfromthisrequirement,inwriting,bytheDevelopmentManagementTeam.
Insomecircumstances,aTransportAssessmentmaybeappropriateforasmallerdevelopmentthansuggestedbythethresholds.Inothers,aTransportStatementmaybeappropriateforalargerdevelopmentthansuggestedbythethresholds.Earlypreapplicationdiscussionsbetweenadeveloperandtherelevantauthoritiesarestronglyrecommended.Inthese,itisimportantforhighwayauthoritiestocombinethe
appropriatequantitativeandqualitativethresholdsindecidingthelevelofassessmentthatmayberequired.
WorcestershireCountyCouncilmayinterprettheneedforassessmentinlightoflocalcircumstances.Thereareseveralqualitativefactorsthatneedtobetakenintoaccountandthatarenotcapturedbythisdocument.Therewillalsobesite-specificissuesthatassessmentswillneedtocover.
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Thefollowingthresholdlimitsapply:
Land Use SizeNo AssessmentRequired
Transport StatementRequired
Thresholdfor TransportAssessment
A1–FoodRetail GrossFloorArea <250squaremetres >250<800squaremetres
>800squaremetres
A1–Non-FoodRetail
GrossFloorArea <800squaremetres >800<1500squaremetres
>1500squaremetres
A2–FinancialandProfessionalServices
GrossFloorArea <1000squaremetres >1000<2500squaremetres
>2500squaremetres
A3–RestaurantsandCafes
GrossFloorArea <300squaremetres >300<2500squaremetres
>2500squaremetres
A4–DrinkingEstablishments
GrossFloorArea <300squaremetres >300<600squaremetres
>600squaremetres
A5–HotFoodTakeaway
GrossFloorArea <250squaremetres >250<500squaremetres
>500squaremetres
B1–Business GrossFloorArea <1500squaremetres >1500<2500squaremetres
>2500squaremetres
B2–GeneralIndustrial
GrossFloorArea <2500squaremetres >2500<4000squaremetres
>4000squaremetres
B8–StorageorDistribution
GrossFloorArea <3000squaremetres >3000<5000squaremetres
>500squaremetres
C1–Hotels Bedroom <75bedrooms >75<100bedrooms >100bedrooms
C2–ResidentialInstitutions–HospitalsandNursingHomes
Beds <30beds >30<50beds >50beds
C2–ResidentialInstitutions–ResidentialEducation
Student <50students >50<150students >150students
C2–ResidentialInstitutions–InstitutionalHostels
Resident <250residents >250<400residents >400residents
C3–DwellingHouses
DwellingUnit <50units >50<80units >80units
D1–NonresidentialInstitutions
GrossFloorArea <500squaremetres >500<1000squaremetres
>1000squaremetres
D2–AssemblyandLeisure
GrossFloorArea <500squaremetres >500<1500squaremetres
>1500squaremetres
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Other Considerations
TransportAssessment and Travel Plan Required
Anydevelopmentthatisnotinconformitywiththeadopteddevelopmentplan. □Anydevelopmentgenerating30ormoretwo-wayvehiclemovementsinanyhour. □Anydevelopmentgenerating100ormoretwo-wayvehiclemovementsperday. □Anydevelopmentproposing100ormoreparkingspaces. □Anydevelopmentthatislikelytoincreaseaccidentsorconflictsamongmotorisedusersandnon-motorisedusers,particularlyvulnerableroaduserssuchaschildren,disabledandelderlypeople.
□AnydevelopmentgeneratingsignificantfreightorHGVmovementsperday,orsignificantabnormalloadsperyear. □Anydevelopmentproposedinalocationwherethelocaltransportinfrastructureisinadequate.–forexample,substandardroads,poorpedestrian/cyclistfacilitiesandinadequatepublictransportprovisions.
□AnydevelopmentproposedinalocationwithinoradjacenttoanAirQualityManagementArea(AQMA). □
ScopingReportsshallbeprovidedandagreedinwritingbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilDevelopmentManagementTeampriortotheundertakingofaTransportAssessmentReport.
EveryTransportAssessmentorStatementmustbeaccompaniedbyaTravelPlan,whichiscompliantwithWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sguidelines.TravelPlansaretypicallyapackageofpracticalmeasurestoencourageresidents,employeesandvisitorstoconsidertheirtraveloptionsorreducetheneedtotravel.Typicalexamplesofmeasuresinclude:personalisedtravelplansandwelcomepacksforresidentialuse,andforcommercialuse,theprovisionofshowers,lockersandchangingfacilities,carsharingschemes,flexibleworkingschemesetc.
ItshouldbenotedthattheprovisionofPersonalisedTravelPlanningismandatoryforallresidentialdevelopmentsof50ormoredwellings.Under50dwellingsneedaTravelWelcomePackwhichmustbeputtogetherusingWorcestershireCountyCouncilguidelines.WorcestershireCountyCouncilprovidesaPersonalisedTravelPlanningservice,whichcanbepurchasedfromtheCountyCouncil.FurtherinformationisavailablefromWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sTravelPlanOfficer.
BusinessesarerequiredtoregisterwithStarsfor(www.starsfor.org)tocreateasuitabletravelplan,usingthisonlinetool.SchoolsarerequiredtouseModeshiftStars(www.modeshiftstars.org)tocreatetheirtravelplans.Furtherinformation,includingthelevelofaccreditationrequired,isavailablefromWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sTravelPlanOfficer.
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3. Layout and Connectivity3.1 Establishing Access from the Existing Network
Traditional Junction Design Thedevelopermustdemonstratethatthejunctionarrangementproposedrepresentsthebestuseofavailablecapacitywhilstensuringthesafetyforallhighwayusers.Thiswillneedtobedemonstratedthroughcapacityanalysisofthevariousjunctiontypes,withthejunctionformwhichminimisesdelaysandissubjecttosafetyconsiderationsbeingprogressed.Forexample,trafficsignalswillnotbesupportedwhenapriorityjunctionprovidesadequatecapacityforvehicleswishingtoenterandexitthedevelopment.TD42/95,GeometricDesignofMajor/Minorjunctions,Chapter2providesfurtherguidanceinthisarea.
Whenproposalsprovideforanewfootwaycrossoverorpriorityjunction,guidanceonitsdesignshouldbesoughtfromManualforStreets1and2.However,wheremorecomplexjunctionsarerequired,whichcouldinvolvesignalcontrol,roundaboutsand/orrightturninglanes,DMRBisconsideredtobetheappropriatedesignstandard,again,theapplicantshouldmakereferencetoTD42/95,althoughthisshouldalwaysbediscussedandagreedwiththeDMteam.Insomecases,itmaybeappropriatetodeviatefromthesestandards.Again,thisshouldbeagreedinwritingearlyinthedesignprocesswiththeDMteam.
Contemporary Junction DesignInnovationinjunctionandstreetdesigniswelcomedanditcanbeappropriatetoextendtheseprinciplesontotheexistinghighwaynetwork,eitheraspartofaspecificaccesstoasiteoraswidermitigation.Whereinnovativeschemesaretobepromoted,earlydiscussionsareessentialandsomespecificissueswillneedtobeexplicitlyconsidered.Anon-exhaustivelistfollows.
• Thedesignshouldreflecttheneedsofthesurroundingenvironment;
• Thereshouldbehighlevelsofpedestrianmovements;
• Theneedsofvisuallyorphysicallyimpairedusersshouldbeconsideredandlocalusergroupsinvolvedfromanearlystage;
• Designspeedsshouldbelow(under20mph);
• Proposedconstructionmaterialsshouldbereadilyavailable;
• Considerationmustbegiventojunctionefficiency,minimisingdelaytoallroadusers.
ThedeveloperwillneedtodemonstratethatanyhighwaydesigntobeofferedforadoptionbytheLocalHighwayAuthorityortotakeplaceontheexistinghighwaynetworkenablesWorcestershireCountyCounciltodischargeresponsibilitiesplaceduponitbySection149oftheEqualityAct,2010.Inordertoachievethis,earlyinvolvementwithlocalgroupsandnationalorganisationswithdisabilityaccessexpertiseshouldbeundertakenandtheaccessneedsofpeoplewhohavearelevantdisabilityshouldbeincorporatedintothedesign.Section149oftheEqualitiesAct,2010requiresLocalAuthorities,whenmakinganydecision,tohave“DueRegard”tothreeaims.Theseinclude:
Eliminatingunlawfuldiscrimination(whichincludesarequirementtomakereasonableadjustmentsfordisabledpeople)andadvancingequalityofopportunitybetweenpeoplewhohaveoneormoreoftheProtectedCharacteristicslistedintheAct(includingPeoplewhohaveadisability)andpeoplewhodonothaverelevantProtectedCharacteristics.AdvancingEqualityofOpportunitywouldincludereducingorminimisingdisadvantage(includingenvironmentaldisadvantage).
Theapplicationofcontemporaryjunctionsshouldnotbeconsideredtobeaneasysolutionorafall-backposition,wheretraditionaljunctiontypesaredifficulttoachieve.
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3.2 Vertical AlignmentTheDevelopermustconsiderthefollowingwhendesigningverticalcurvesonnewdevelopments.Generally,themaximumandminimumgradientsallowableonnewdevelopmentswillbeasdetailedwithinthetablebelow:
Category Maximum GradientMinimum Gradient
Allroadcategories
1:20(5%)desirablebutconsiderationmaybegiventogradientsupto1:12
1:100
Cycletracksandfootways
1:20(5%) 1:100
Additionally,theDevelopermustconsiderthecurvatureofthenewhighway.Thedesigncurvelengthwillbeafunctionofthealgebraicchangeofgradient,expressedasapercentage,multipliedbythe‘K’value.‘K’valuesareprovidedinthetablebelow:
Category Minimum ‘K’ value
Majoraccessandabove 6
Minoraccessandbelow 2
Cycletrack 2
Example, Minor Access Road – Vertical AlignmentTheexamplebelowhasbeenincludedtoassistdevelopersindesigningverticalcurves.
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Example, Minor Access Road – Vertical Alignment
Theexamplebelowhasbeenincludedtoassistdevelopersindesigningverticalcurves.
TheDevelopershouldnotethatsideroadgradientsintojunctionsshouldbesetatamaximumof1:20(5%)forthefirst10m.Additionally,theminimumverticalcurvelengthofanysectionofroadshouldbenotlessthan20m.
Intheaboveexample,assumingitisaMinorAccessRoad,andthecurvelengthwillbe20m.
The ‘K’ Value is given by: Design curve length / Algebraic change of gradient = 20m /10 = 2
Thereforetheaboveexamplefallswithinthedesigncriteriaandwouldbeacceptable.
Thedevelopershouldnotethatwheregradientsexceed5%theremaybearequirementforagritbin.Insuchinstances,thedeveloperwillneedtoensurethedesignprovidesanadequatelocationandthatasuitablegritbinisprovided.
3.3 Headroom
Additionally,theDevelopermustalsoconsiderinthedesignthattheminimumallowableheadroomforallnewhighwaysintendedforadoptionshallbeasfollows:
Category Minimum Headroom
AllRoads 5.3m
Cycleway 2.7m
Footway 2.7m
TheDevelopershouldnotethatsideroadgradientsintojunctionsshouldbesetatamaximumof1:20(5%)forthefirst10m.Additionally,theminimumverticalcurvelengthofanysectionofroadshouldbenotlessthan20m.
Intheaboveexample,assumingitisaMinorAccessRoad,andthecurvelengthwillbe20m.
The‘K’Valueisgivenby:
Designcurvelength/Algebraicchangeofgradient
=20m/10
=2
Thereforetheaboveexamplefallswithinthedesigncriteriaandwouldbeacceptable.Thedevelopershouldnotethatwheregradientsexceed5%theremaybearequirementfor
agritbin.Insuchinstances,thedeveloperwillneedtoensurethedesignprovidesanadequatelocationandthatasuitablegritbinisprovided.
3.3 HeadroomAdditionally,theDevelopermustalsoconsiderinthedesignthattheminimumallowableheadroomforallnewhighwaysintendedforadoptionshallbeasfollows:
CategoryMinimumHeadroom
AllRoads5.3m
Cycleway2.7m
Footway2.7m
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3.4 Turning HeadsT-form’turningfacilitiesshouldmaintainadistanceof26metres(m)acrossthe‘T’tofacilitatemanoeuvresbypantechnicon(HGV)sizedvehicles.Thecarriagewaywidths,radiiandfootwaywidthsshouldcomplywiththedesignspecificationfortheroadwhichtheyserve.
‘SideT-form’turningfacilitiesshouldmaintainawidthof18metres(m)andadistanceof15mfromtheterminationofthecarriagewayandthestartofthespur.Thecarriagewaywidths,radiiandfootwaywidthsshouldcomplywiththedesignspecificationfortheroadwhichtheyserve.
3.5 LandscapingTheretentionofexistinglandscapefeaturesofvaluemustbetakenintoaccountandthereforethepreliminarydesignofresidentialaccessroads,cyclewaysandfootpathstoservethedevelopmentshouldasfaraspossiblebesympathetictotheAuthority’swishes.So,forexample,ifatreeofvaluewassituatedwithinthevisibilitysplay,allattemptsshouldbemadetorepositiontheaccessifthiscanbedonesafely.
InresidentialareastheHighwayAuthoritywillnormallyonlyadoptthepavedsurfacesandvergeswhicharecriticaltothefunctioningofthehighway.
Smallareasofgrassshouldonlybepermittedwhereadequatemaintenancearrangementscanbeguaranteedfortheforeseeablefuture.
Appropriaterootprotectionsystemswillbeprovidedforalltreesandtheymustnotbeplantednearstructuresorservices.
Existingtrees,whichwillbecomemaintainableatpublicexpense,shallbethesubjectofaconditionsurveytoascertaintheirhealthandmaybesubjecttocommutedsumpaymentstocovertheirfuturemaintenancecosts.Highwaytreesshouldbeofslendergirthandmodestcanopy.Thetrunkshouldbemaintainedfreeofsideshootsandbranchestoaheightof2.1m.Thedevelopermayberequiredtopaycommutedsumsforthefuturemaintenanceofhighwaytrees.TheHighwayAuthoritywillworkcloselywiththelocalArboriculturalofficertoagreethemostsuitablespeciesandensureitiscompatiblewiththesitewideapproachtogreeninfrastructure.
Highwaylandscapefeaturesshouldbemaintainedbythedeveloperforaperiodof5years.
Thornyspeciesshallnotbeacceptedimmediatelyadjacenttofootwaysandcycletracks.Itisexpectedthatnonhighwayhedgesadjacenttotheprospectivehighwaywillbetransferredtofrontagersorthesitewidemanagementcompanytoensurefuturemaintenanceisaddressed..
Anynewcarriagewayshouldbeoutsidethecanopy(orreducedcanopyifreductionisdeemedsuitable)ofanyexistingtreetopreventdamagetothenewconstructionbythetreeroots.AnyworkunderthecanopyofdeciduoustreesorwithinaradiusofhalfoftheheightofconiferousspeciesshallcomplywithBS5837:2012.
3.6 Street LightingTheaimoftheWorcestershireStreetLightingserviceisto:
• Createasaferandmoresecurenighttimeenvironment,byprovidinganenergyefficientandcosteffectivesystemofstreetlightingandilluminatedsigns.
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Theobjectivesfornewdevelopmentsareto:
• Reducecrimeandthefearofcrime;
• Minimiseenvironmentalimpact;
• ImplementBestPracticeinsystemsandoperationsAllhighwaylighting,illuminatedsignandilluminatedbollardsmustbedesigned,specifiedandinstalledtoWorcestershireCountyCouncil(WCC)requirements.Therearetwomethodsfordeveloperstoachievetheaboverequirements,whichareprovidedinWorcestershire’sHighway’sSpecificationforNewDevelopments.However,developersneedtoalsotakeaccountoflocalattitudesrelatingtotheprovisionofstreetlighting,sothattheymightberelievedofthedutyofprovidingsuchwhereitisnotneeded.
3.7 DrainageGeneral RequirementsIngeneral,drainagesystemsshallbedesignedinaccordancewiththecurrenteditionofSewersforAdoptionandwiththeSpecificationaccompanyingthisDesignGuide.
WCCwelcomestheuseofSustainableUrbanDrainageSystems(SUDS)butdoesnotcurrentlyadoptSUDSsystems.TheHighwayAuthorityonlyacceptsadoptablehighwaydrainagethatconnectsdirectlyintosystemsthataremaintainedbyastatutorybody(e.g.SevernTrent).WhereadedicatedhighwaysurfacewatersystemisproposedaSUDSsystemcanbeconsideredbasedonthedesignproposalsandgeotechnicalconsiderations.
AllpipesthatonlycarrysurfacewaterfromtheadoptablehighwayareprospectivelymaintainablebytheHighwayAuthority.Pipesthatcarrysurfacewaterfromtheadoptablehighwayaswellasotherareassuchasroofs,privatedrivesetcmustbeadoptedbythewaterauthorityandmustcomplywiththeirrequirements.
Lateralconnectionsintopublicsewerswillremainprivatebutshallbedesignedandconstructedtoadoptablestandards.Allsuchconnectionsshallrunapproximatelyatrightanglestothecentrelineoftheroadtominimisetheirlength.
Sustainable Urban Drainage SolutionsWhileissuesexistastotheacceptanceofSustainableDrainageSolutions(SuDS)byvariousbodies,WorcestershireCountyCouncilexpectsdeveloperstoincorporatestorage,attenuationandfiltrationmeasuresinaccordancewith‘SUDS-AGuideforDevelopers’bytheEnvironmentAgencyand‘SUDS-ADesignManualforEnglandandWales’byCIRIA.
WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillexamineallproposalsforSUDSandjudgethemontheirmerits.Permeabilitytestsandhydrologysurveyswillberequiredtoverifythesuitabilityofthedesignsandcommutedsumswillberequiredforongoingmaintenanceofthesystems.TheamountofthecommutedsumswillbecalculatedbytheCouncilandwillreflectthespecialmaintenancerequirementsoftheproposedsystem.
TheSUDSproposalsforadevelopmentshallbesubmittedalongwithgeologyandhydrologyinformation,atplanningapplicationstage.AnyproposalsforoutfallsintoexistingwatercoursesorpondsshallbeaccompaniedbyanenvironmentalimpactreportandobviouslysuchoutfallswillneedConsenttoDischargefromtheEnvironmentAgency.
PrivateSUDSdrainageshalldrainintothewaterauthoritysurfacewatersewersandanyinfiltrationwillbeintoprivateland.SUDSforthehighwayshalldrainintothehighwaydrainnetworkandanyinfiltrationwillbewithinhighway/publicareas.
Adoption RequirementsWherefoulorsurfacewatersewersaretobelaidundertheadoptablehighwayorwherethehighwaydrainageistobeconnectedintoasurfacewatersewer,writtenassurancemustbeobtainedbeforehandthatthewaterauthoritywilladoptthesewers,subjecttocompliancewiththeiradoptionprocedure.
TheHighwayAuthoritywillnormallydeclinetoadoptanyhighwaycoveredbyaSection38agreementuntilthewaterauthorityhasconfirmedtheadoptionofallsewerswithinthehighway.Thisalsoincludesanyothersewersnotwithintheadoptablehighwaybutwhichcarrywaterfromit.
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AlldrainsthatareintendedtobeadoptedashighwaydrainsshalldischargetoapipeorwatercourseatapointapprovedbytheHighwayAuthority.Evidencewillberequiredthatthedeveloperhasrighttodischarge,freeofanyliabilitywhichmaybebindingupontheHighwayAuthoritywhenthedrainisadopted.
Privatedrainswillnotnormallybepermittedwithintheadoptablehighway.
AllprospectivelymaintainablehighwaydrainsshallbelocatedwithinlandthatistobeadoptedbytheHighwayAuthority.Onlyinexceptionalcircumstanceswilltheybepermittedinlandthatistoremainprivate.
WheresuchcircumstancesdoarisethelandowneratthetimeofcompletingaSection38Agreementwillberequiredtogiveagrantofeasementkeeping3meachsideofthepipeclearofallobstructions,whichwillbebindingonsuccessorsintitle.ThedeveloperisstronglyadvisednottosellanylandthatwillcontainahighwaydrainbeforecompletionofsuchanAgreement.TheHighwayAuthoritywillnotacceptanydifferentformofundertaking,whichdilutestherightsconferredonit.
Outfalls And WatercoursesWheretheoutfallisintoaditchorwatercoursetheapprovaloftheEnvironmentAgencymustbeobtainedinwriting.
Wheretheoutfallisproposedtobethroughanexistinghighwaydrainthedeveloperwillberequiredtoproveitscapacityandconditionbeforeapprovalfortheconnectioncanbegiven.ThiswillincludeaCCTVsurveyofthedrainandthecarryingoutofanyimprovementworksfoundtobenecessary.
Wherethehighwaydraindischargesintoawatercourse,calculationsshalltakeintoaccountthepossibilitythatthewatercoursemaybeflooded.
TheCouncilmayconsidertheuseofcombinedkerbanddrainagesystemsdependingonthesituationanddesignsubmittedforapproval.
IncertaincasestheCouncilmayrequiretheprovisionofalargercapacitydrainthanwould
normallybeneededinordertoaccommodatethedrainageofadjoininglandand/orfuturedevelopment.
SoakawaysWheresoakawaysaretobeconsidereditwillbeatthediscretionandapprovaloftheDirectorofEconomyandInfrastructureServicesandwillbeconsideredasalastresortonly(refertoSpecification,Section13).TheDeveloperistonotethatacommutedsummaybechargedforeachsoakawayinstalled.
Theminimumdiametershallbe1500mm.
Ifmorethanonesoakawayisplanned,theyaretobelinkedbya225mmdiameterpipe.
ThesoakawaysaretobesurroundedbyTerramorsimilar,laidbetweenthechamberandthefiltermaterial.Theappropriatefiltermaterialtobeusedwillvaryaccordingtoprevalentgroundconditions.Wherepossible,thesoakawayistoincorporateanoverflowlink(minimumdiameter225mm)toanexistinghighwaydrain/outfallsystem.
Drainage DesignGullyspacingshallbedeterminedusingtherecommendationsofHA102/00,SpacingofRoadGullies.Gullieswillberequiredimmediatelyupstreamofblockpaviours,pedestriancrossingpointsandroadjunctionsbutshallneverbelocatedonacrossingpoint.Itisthedeveloper’sresponsibilitytodemonstrateandensurethatthenumberandpositioningofgulliesisadequatetodrainthehighway.
Theparameterstobeusedduringthedrainagedesignareaslistedbelow:
Rainfall average return period 2years
Rainfall average return period (risk of flooding)
120years
Time of entry 4minutes
Design flow velocities 0.75m/s(Min)7.5m/s(Max)
Minimum gradient 1:225
Design maximum rainfall 50mm/hour
Minimum pipe diameter 225mm
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3.8 StructuresStructuresthatareconsideredto‘potentiallyaffect’thesafetyofthehighway,whethertobeadoptedornotandpermanentortemporary,whereWorcestershireCountyCouncilarethehighwayauthorityaretofollowtechnicalapprovalproceduresassetoutinthe‘TechnicalApprovalofHighwayStructures’BD2oftheDesignManualforRoadsandBridgesvolume1section1.AfterApril1st2010andunlessagreedwiththeTechnicalApprovalAuthority(TAA)Eurocodesmustbeusedforthedesignandmodificationofexistinghighwaystructures(includinggeotechnicalworks)
WhereWorcestershireCountyCouncilisthehighwayauthorityforthepurposesofthisguidereferencestotheTAAinBD2meansWorcestershireCountyCouncil.
AllstructuresshallbedesignedinaccordancewiththeDesignManualforRoadsandBridges[DMRB],andconstructedinaccordancewiththeSpecificationforHighwayWorks[SHW].
BD2/05‘TechnicalApprovalofHighwayStructures’althoughbasedonpreviousdesignstandards,manyofwhicharenowwithdrawn,remainscurrentatthetimeofwriting.TherearestandardswithintheDMRBwhichhavenotbeenwithdrawnbutconflictwiththeEurocodes.WherethereisconflictbetweenstandardswithintheDMRB,includingBD2,andtheEurocodestherequirementsoftheEurocodestakeprecedence.Thisguidancewillbeupdatedtorespondtoanychangesinlegislation/guidancebroughtaboutbyBrexit.
TheDirectorofEconomyandInfrastructureServicesortheirappointedrepresentativewilladvisedevelopersofthedeterminedcategoryforanyproposedstructures.Allstructuresexceptforcategory0willrequireanAgreementinPrinciple(AIP)tobesubmittedandacceptedpriortoanydesignwork[onlycompletedversionsoftheformsinappendixCofthisguidewillbeaccepted–wordversionsavailableonrequest].CurrentlythereisnoguidancewithinthepublicdomaincoveringtherequiredchangestoeithertheAIPordesignandcheckcertificates.UntiltheDMRBisupdatedfortheapplicationof
EurocodesguidanceshouldbesoughtfromtheTAAonthismatterAnydesignworkcompletedpriortotheacceptanceoftheAIPwillbeatthedevelopers’risk,whetherornottheworkcompletediscompliantwiththeDMRB.
TheHighwayAuthorityreservestherighttoalterthedesignstandardsasitconsidersnecessaryandthiswillbecommunicatedbeforeandwherenecessaryduringthesubmissionoftheAIP.Earlyconsultationforstructuralrequirementsisstronglyadvised.
AllstructurescoveredbyBD2willrequireDesignandCheckCertificates,andConstructionComplianceCertificates[onlycompletedversionsoftheformsinappendixCofthisguidewillbeaccepted–wordversionsavailableonrequest].
TheAIP,orinthecaseofcategory0structuressubmittedwiththeDesignandCheckcertificate,mustcontainevidenceofconsultationanddiscussionswithstatutoryundertakers,planningauthorities,theEnvironmentAgencyandanyotherrelevantbodystatutoryorotherwise.
TheAIPmustcontainrelevantextractsfromthegeotechnicalgroundinvestigationincludingallrelevanttestingfortheproposeddesign.
Alistofstructurestobesubjectoftechnicalapprovalisasfollows:
• Allbridgesoverorunderthehighway
• Allculvertspipescrossingunderthehighwaygreaterthan0.9mspan
• Pipesorculvertedstreamsorotherstructuresgreaterthan0.9mspanordiameteralongthehighwayeithermaintainedprivatelyorbystatutoryundertakers.
• Anystructureswhicharenotpipeslessthan0.9mspan/diameter
• Retainingwallsgreaterthan4feetinheightandwithin4yardsofthehighwayboundaryasdescribedinsection167ofTheHighways
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Act1980.
• Anyretainingwallwithin4yardsofthehighwayretainingslopingground.
• Anyretainingwallsupportingthehighwayregardlessofheight.
• Anyprivatecellarorbasementunderoradjacenttothehighway
• Reinforcedearthstructureswithorwithouthardfacings,includesgabionandcriblockwalls.
• HighmastsandlightingcolumnscompliantwiththestandardforthedesignofminorstructuresBD94/07willbecategory0unlessnotifiedotherwise.
• HighmastsandlightingcolumnsnotcompliantwiththestandardforthedesignofminorstructuresBD94/07willbecategory1unlessnotifiedotherwise.
• Anypartofabuildingstructureoverhangingthehighway
• Highwaysignpostsgreaterthan7minheight.
• Anytemporaryworkswhicharedescribedasabove.
• Structuresrequiredtobeassessedbythehighwayauthoritywhetherornotmaintainedbythem.
NOTE:ThislistmaynotbeexhaustiveanddevelopersareurgedtoconsultwiththeHighwayAuthorityattheearliestpossiblestage.
Wheredeveloperscombinevariousstructuralcomponents,eachwithdifferentdesigners,tobeincorporatedintoonestructuretheywillundertaketoprovideoneDesignandCheckCertificate[s]fromtheprincipaldesignerthattakesresponsibilityforthewholestructure[andincludesreferencetoandcopiesofthedesignandcheckcertificatesofthecomponentparts].Examplesofthismightinclude:
• abridgethatcomprisesofinsitucastabutmentswithpre-castconcretedeck
beams,or
• castinsituordrivenpilesonwhichinsituabutments/piersareconstructed,and
• temporaryworksAdoptionOfStructuresByTheCouncilTheCouncilmayadoptcertainstructuresadjacentto,underoroverthehighway.Innormalcircumstances,theonlystructuresthatwillbeconsideredforadoptionarethoseuponwhichtheHighwayreliesforsupportandareconstructedonHighwayland.
Allstructurestobeadoptedshouldhavereceivedstructuralapprovalinaccordancewiththeproceduresshownasfollows:
SCENARIO1-Allnewstructuresunderanexistinghighway,orprospectivelyadoptablehighway:
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2
• Whereanypartofthestructure[includingapproachembankments,etc]extendsbeyondthelimitsofthecurrenthighwaythelandnotcurrentlydesignatedaspublichighwayshallbededicatedtopublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.Thisincludesalllandwithinthe‘footprint’ofthestructure.
• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’aroundallstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority.
• TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsagreeabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.
• CommutedsumsshallbepaidtotheHighwayAuthoritybythedevelopertocoverfuturemaintenance,and/orreconstruction.
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SCENARIO2-Allnewstructuresoveranexistinghighwaywhereitisintendedthatthestructurewillcarryaprospectivelyadoptablehighway:
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2
• Whereanypartofthestructure[includingapproachembankments,etc]extendsbeyondthelimitsofthecurrenthighwaythelandnotcurrentlydesignatedashighwayshallbededicatedaspublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.Thisincludesalllandwithinthe‘footprint’ofthestructure.
• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’aroundallstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority
• TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsagreeabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.
• CommutedsumsshallbepaidtotheHighwayAuthoritybythedevelopertocoverfuturemaintenance,and/orreconstruction.
SCENARIO3-Structuressupportingthehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]adjacenttoprivatehousingdevelopments:
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2
• WhereanypartofthestructureextendsbeyondthelimitsofthecurrenthighwaythelandnotcurrentlydesignatedaspublichighwayshallbededicatedaspublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.
• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’around
allstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority.TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsacceptabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.
• CommutedsumsshallbepaidtotheHighwayAuthoritybythedevelopertocoverfuturemaintenance,and/orreconstruction.
SCENARIO4-Structuressupportinglandabovethehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]adjacenttoprivatehousingdevelopments:
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2
• LandnotcurrentlydesignatedaspublichighwayshallbededicatedaspublichighwaysoastogivetheHighwayAuthorityfullcontroloverthelanduponwhichthestructureanditcomponentpartsrest.
• Anadditional2mmargin‘halo’aroundallstructuralelements[includingburiedelementssuchasfoundations,soilnailing,andreinforcedearth]shallbededicatedtohighwaysoastoprotectthestructurefrominterferenceandtoprovideforfutureun-inhibitedinspectionandmaintenanceaccessbytheHighwayAuthority.TheseadditionalareasshallbefinishedinlowmaintenancematerialsacceptabletotheHighwayAuthority,andwhichmayvaryfromdevelopmenttodevelopment.TheareasodedicatedshallbefencedoffasagreedwiththeHighwayAuthority.
• CommutedsumsshallbepaidtotheHighwayAuthoritybythedevelopertocoverfuturemaintenance,and/orreconstruction.
ApprovalOfStructuresNotToBeAdoptedByTheCouncilThefollowingstructuresalthoughnotnecessarilytobeadoptedbytheCouncilrequireStructuralApproval.
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• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2:
• Anywallorbasementconstructedonprivatelandbyanindividualordeveloperthataffectsthesupportofthehighway;
• BridgescrossingtheHighwaywherethereisnopublicaccesstothebridge;[Requireslicences176ofHighwaysAct1980.Requiresconditiontopayforremovaloralterationsrequiredbyhighwayauthority]
• Retainingwallswhereanypartoftheretainingwallis1.20mabovetheboundaryofthehighwaynearestthatpoint;and
• Buriedstructuresover0.9mspan/diametercarryingservicesorplantS330HighwaysAct1980requiresSUtogainapprovalfromthehighwayauthority.
Thereforeanystructureshouldbeconsideredbutgeneralaccesschambersusingprecastunitsshouldnotneedapproval.LongitudinalstructureswhichusebespokepartsincludingpipeandPCboxsectionsshouldbesubjecttoTA.
SCENARIO5-Allnewstructuresunderanexistinghighway,orprospectivelyadoptablehighwayprovidedbyorforStatutoryUndertakings[e.g.floodattenuation,stormoverflows].
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2:
• Structuresshouldideallybelocatedawayfromthecarriageway,orinpublicopenspace,ifthiscannotbeachievedthentheyshouldbesopositionedandagreedwiththeHighwayAuthoritysoasnottoprohibitthefutureuseofthehighwayduring:
• Cycliccleansing
• Maintenanceofthestructure
SCENARIO6-Structuressupportingthehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]:adjacenttoongoingcommercialdevelopments.
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2:
• ThedeveloperwillberequiredtocommittotheCodeofPracticefortheManagementofHighwayStructurescomplyingwiththeinspectionsandmaintenancerequirementsinallrespectsandprovideevidencetotheHighwayAuthoritythatthishasbeendoneateachcyclespecifiedwithinthecode.Evidenceshallinclude:copiesofinspectionreports,maintenanceworksandstructuralassessmentcalculations.
• Thedeveloperwillcarryannualinsurance,and/orindemnifytheHighwayAuthorityagainstallsuchclaimsarisingfromtheconstruction,presence,use,andmaintenanceofthestructure.Writtenevidenceshallbeprovidedonanannualbasisthatsuchindemnityisprovided.
• Theaboverequirementsshallbeincludedinpropertydeedtransferstoensurefutureownersofthelandarekeptawareoftheirliabilities.TheHighwayAuthorityshallbeprovidedwithacopyofthedeedsaftereachtransferoftheland.
SCENARIO7-Structuressupportinglandabovethehighway[e.g.retainingwalls]adjacenttoongoingcommercialdevelopments.
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2:
• ThedeveloperwillberequiredtocommittotheCodeofPracticefortheManagementofHighwayStructurescomplyingwiththeinspectionsandmaintenancerequirementsinallrespectsandprovideevidencetotheHighwayAuthoritythatthishasbeendoneateachcyclespecifiedwithinthecode.Evidenceshallinclude:copiesofinspectionreports,maintenanceworksandstructuralassessmentcalculations.
• Thedeveloperwillcarryannualinsurance,and/orindemnifytheHighwayAuthorityagainstallsuchclaimsarisingfromtheconstruction,presence,use,andmaintenanceofthestructure.Writtenevidenceshallbeprovidedonanannualbasisthatsuchindemnityisprovided.
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• Theaboverequirementsshallbeincludedinpropertydeedtransferstoensurefutureownersofthelandarekeptawareoftheirliabilities.TheHighwayAuthorityshallbeprovidedwithacopyofthedeedsaftereachtransferoftheland.
SCENARIO8-Allnewandtobemodifiedstructuresoveranexistinghighwaywheretheuseistoremainprivate[serviceandaccess].
• ThesewillbesubjecttotherequirementsofBD2:
• Whereverpossibletheseshouldbeconstructedsuchthatallsupportingcomponentsarelocatedwithinlandtoremainprivate.
• Inparticulareveryattemptshouldbemadetoprevent,inuse,objectsfromfallingontothepublichighwaybeneath.
• ThedeveloperwillberequiredtocommittotheCodeofPracticefortheManagementofHighwayStructurescomplyingwiththeinspectionsandmaintenancerequirementsinallrespectsandprovideevidencetotheHighwayAuthoritythatthishasbeendone.Evidenceshallinclude:copiesofinspectionreports,maintenanceworksandstructuralassessmentcalculations.
• Thedeveloperwillcarryannualinsurance,and/orindemnifytheHighwayAuthorityagainstallsuchclaimsarisingfromtheconstruction,presence,use,andmaintenanceofthestructure.Writtenevidenceshallbeprovidedonanannualbasisthatsuchindemnityisprovided.
Theaboverequirementsshallbeincludedinpropertydeedtransferstoensurefutureownersofthelandarekeptawareoftheirliabilities.TheHighwayAuthorityshallbeprovidedwithacopyofthedeedsaftereachtransferoftheland.
Assessment Of Existing Structures Eurocodesarenottobeusedfortheassessmentofexistingstructures.
AssessmentswillbeundertakeninaccordancewithBD21andtheassociatedstandardswithin
theDMRB.WherestructuresaremodifiedusingEurocodes,asstatedabove,thereisthepotentialforaconflictduetodifferencesintheeffectofactions.InthesecasestheTAAistobeconsultedforguidance.
AnyexistingstructurewhichmaybeconsideredtopotentiallyaffecthighwaysafetymayberequiredtobeassessedinaccordancewithBD2.AllstructuresthataretobemodifiedforthepurposesofthedevelopmentortobesubjectedtoincreasedmagnitudeorfrequencyofloadingshallbeassessedaccordingtoBD21.ThiswillbeundertakenaspartoftheDesignandCheckProcessinBD2.
Approval SubmissionsTheTechnicalApprovalProcessshallconsistforallstructureswhetheradoptableornotanAIPwhereappropriate,DesignandCheckCertificatesandConstructionCompliancecertificates.
TheAIPwillincludethefollowing:
• Generalarrangementdrawingshowinglocationandextentofallstructuresandinthecaseofwallsdetailinglengthstobeadoptedand/orover1.20mhighifapplicable;
• Sufficienttodeterminewallheights,givinggroundlevels,behindandinfrontofwallandanyfeaturesaffectingloadingssuchascovertoculverts;
• Clearancestodecksoffitandpiers/abutmentsshallbesubmittedforbridges
• Crosssectiondrawingsforretainingwallsannotatedwithproposedandexistinggroundlevels
• DesignersRiskAssessment;Thisistoincluderisksfordesign,construction,maintenanceandoperation,anddemolition
• Siteinvestigationdetailsandgeotechnicalassumptionsonwhichthedesignhasbeenbased.
Appropriatesectionsofthegeotechnicalreportshouldbeincluded.Thismustbegiveninsufficientdetailonthedrawingtoallowthe
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designersassumptionstobecomparedwiththeconditionsactuallyfoundonsitebythoseresponsibleforconstruction;
• Constructiondetailsandmaterialspecifications;
• Agreeddeparturesfromstandard.
ForCategory0structuresthedesignandcheckcertificatemustbeaccompaniedbythedesigncalculationswithfullreferencetothedesignstandardsused;andforstructuresthataretobeadoptedorforstructuresuponwhichtheHighwayreliesforsupport:DesignandConstructionCertificatesanditwillbeaconditionoftheapprovalthatdeveloperssubmitAs-BuiltdrawingsfortheCDMHeathandSafetyFile.
Forreferencetotherequiredstandards,DevelopersarerequestedtoreviewtheTechnicalApprovalScheduleaslistedinthecurrentversionofBD2.InadditiontothestandardsintheDesignmanualforRoadsandBridgesdevelopersmayberequiredtocomplywithinterimadvicenotespublishedbytheHighwaysAgency.WCCwilladvisedevelopersonaschemebasisduringthetechnicalapprovalprocess.
Departures From StandardDeparturesfromstandardsapplicabletoEurocodeswillonlybeacceptedwheretheprincipleorconceptisnotcoveredthereinorisaproposedalterationtothenationalannexwhichdoesnotconflictwiththeEurocode.IfitisarequirementthatdesignerscomplywiththeprinciplesoftheEurocodestheseclausesaredenotedwithaletterP.ItispermissibletousealternativedesignrulesdifferentfromtheApplicationRulesgiveninEN1990forworks,providedthatitisshownthatthealternativerulesaccordwiththerelevantPrinciplesandareatleastequivalentwithregardtothestructuralsafety,serviceabilityanddurabilitywhichwouldbeexpectedwhenusingtheEurocodes.
Theremaybeinstanceswhereduetositeconstraintsornatureofthedevelopmentthatitisnotpossibletodesignworksinaccordancewiththeappropriatehighway
standard.Inthesecasesthedevelopercanapplyforadeparturefromthestandards.
Departureswillonlybegrantedwhenthesiteconstraintspreventtheimplementationofthestandard.Arequestforadepartureshouldcontainthefollowing:
Proposed departure• Reasonsfordeparture
• Consequencesofthedeparture,particularlyanyincreasesinrisksorhazards.
• Ariskassessmentforcomplyingwiththestandardandoneforthedeparture.
NormallyalldeparturesaretobeagreedpriortotheacceptanceoftheAIPandshallbeincludedintheAIP.
Bridge Maintenance Manual/Health And Safety FileOncompletionoftheworktheDevelopermustprovideaBridgeMaintenanceManualcontaining:
• Detailsofthematerialsusedinconstructionandthesupplier;
• Requirementsforfuturemaintenance;
• AnysurveyandgeotechnicaldetailsundertakenonthesiteoftheStructure;
• Detailsofproblemsencounteredduringconstructionthatmayhavealong-termeffectonthestructure;
• Anyaccessarrangementsforfuturemaintenance;
• AsbuiltdrawingsaselectronicTIF,DXForAutoCADfiles;
• Designcalculations;andSpecialarrangementsrequiredfordemolition.
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TheaboveinformationwillcomprisethedocumentationyouhavetolegallyprovideundertheCDMRegulations.Inadditiontocontentslisted,thefollowingmustbeincluded:
• Allrelevantdocumentationfromthetechnicalapprovalprocess
• ApprovalinPrinciple
• DesignandCheckcertificates
• ConstructionComplianceCertificate
ThesearetobecopiesoftheacceptedcertificatebytheTAA:
• Appropriatecertificationofcomponents,VRSsystems,qualityassurancecertificationforreinforcementandconcretesuppliers,waterproofingandothermaterials.
• Certificatesforanymaterialorintegritytestingundertaken,i.e.concretecuberesultsorintegritytestingofpiles
• Anyresidualrisksorhazardswithinthestructure,similarconfinedspace,hazardousmaterialsusedinconstructionorhazardsfoundwithintheoriginalground.
WorcestershireCountyCouncilhasastandardformatforHealthandSafetyFiles,acopyofwhichisavailableonrequest.
3.9 Statutory and Other ServicesNewestateroadsshouldbedesignedtoaccommodateservicesandliaisonwithallstatutoryundertakersandcommunicationsprovidersshouldbedoneattheearlieststagepossibletoensurethattheirequipmentisinstalledinanefficientmannerandasmuchaspossibletocomplywiththerecommendationsoftheNationalJointUtilitiesGroup.
Althoughthisideaisnotalwayspossibleitisimportanttoensurethatservicesdonotconflict.
Allcategoriesofestateroadshouldhaveeitherfootwaysorservicestripsinwhichserviceswillbelocated.TheHighwayAuthoritywillnotadoptlandthesolepurposeofwhichistocontainservices.Anylandmusthaveajustifiableconnectionwiththehighwayandbeclearlyadoptableashighway.
Thelayingofapparatuswithinthecarriagewaywillnotgenerallybepermittedalthoughatjunctionsandinthecaseofpublicsewersexceptionsareclearlyunavoidable.
TheDevelopershallensurethatservicestripsareclearofpermanentobstructions.Anytreesshallbelocatedsothattheirrootsystemswhenmaturewillneitherdamageapparatus,norbedamagedduringthelayingandmaintenanceofapparatus.Rootprotectionbarriersshouldbeused.Anapproachofintegrationwithsuitableprotectionshouldbeadoptedratherthantheseparationoflandscapingandservices.DevelopersshouldconsulttheLocalPlanningAuthorityregardinganyTreePreservationOrdersandshouldactinaccordancewithBS5837:2005duringconstructionworks.
ServicestripsshallbedelineatedfromprivatepropertybyHighwayBoundaryconcretemarkerblocks.
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Whenselectingroutesforservices,dualmainsinstallationsshouldbethenormtopreventcarriagewaycrossingsweakeningtheroadstructureandpreventingtheneedtodigupthecarriageway.
Whereservicesaretobelaidwithintheextentofthehighway,ideally,theappropriateutilitycompanyshouldlaytherequiredservice.Whereservicesarenotlaidorsubsequentlyadoptedbytheappropriateutilitycompany,theyshouldnotbelaidwithintheextentofthehighway.
Inexceptionalcircumstances,whereunadoptedservicescannotbeavoidedwithinthelimitofthehighway,asection50licensewillberequiredbeforethehighwaycanbeadopted.
3.10 The Street HierarchyAsstatedpreviously,thedesignofnewstreetsshouldtakeintoaccounttheintendedlinkandplacefunctionsofthestreet,aswellasthetype,densityandcharacterofthedevelopment.Developingastreetscapeenvironmentshouldalso,whereappropriate,beaccessible,comfortableandsafeforpedestrians.Furthermoreintegrationofthesurroundinglandscapeandecologicalcontextofthesitemustbeintegraltoanydesigndevelopment.
Carriagewaywidthsshouldbeappropriatefortheparticularcontextanduseofthestreet.
Keyfactorstotakeintoaccountinclude:
• Thevolumeofvehiculartrafficandpedestrianactivity;
• Thetrafficcomposition;
• Therequirementsforcleardemarcationbetweencarriagewayandfootways;
• Ifonstreetparkingistobeprovided,itsdistribution,arrangement,thefrequencyofoccupationandanyneedforenforcement;
• Designspeeds;
• Curvatureofthestreet,includingincreasedwidthforbendstoaccommodateswept
pathsoflargervehicles;anyintentiontoincludesinglelaneworkingintwowaystreets.
Thefollowingstreetdefinitionsprovideadesigncharacterforatypicalstreet.Variationfromthesedefinitionsisencouraged,althoughtheseshouldbesupportedwithclearjustificationofhowthesevariationswillcontinuetomeettherequirementssetoutinrelevantstatutorylegislationandnonstatutoryguidance.
3.11 Innovative Street DesignWorcestershireCountyCouncilwelcomesinnovativedesignproposals.Whereinnovativedesignsareproposedforadoptionaspublichighway,thefollowingguidelinesshouldbefollowed:
• Aswithstandardstreetdesigns,thedesignermustensurethatanEqualityImpactAssessment,(whichevidencesDueRegardtotheaimsoftheEqualityDutyasrequiredbySection149oftheEqualityAct,2010isundertaken;
• Designshouldbebespoketotheroadandthedevelopment;
• Designspeedsshouldbeamaximumof10mphonallprospectivehighwaysandstreetfurnitureandlandscapingshouldbeusedtoachievethis;
• Materialsshouldhelplegibilityandcreateasenseofplacewherethecarisaguest,theyalsoshouldbereadilysourced;
• GreenInfrastructureshouldbeprovidedinaccordancewiththeCountyCouncilsGIStrategy.
• DrainageisakeyconsiderationinInnovativedesignandshouldbeconsideredatanearlystage.
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3.12 Enhanced StreetsStreetswherethepublicrealmhasbeenimprovedandrestrictionsonpedestrianmovement(e.g.,guardrail)havebeenremovedbutconventionaltrafficcontrolslargelyremain.
Design Details for Enhanced Streets
Traffic Speed
DesignSpeed-20mph,achievedthroughmeasuressuchassurfacechanges,visualnarrowing,sensitiveparkingprovisionandgreeninfrastructure.
Street Dimensions and Character
CarriagewayWidth-Nolessthan5.5metres(ifstreetisidentifiedasabusroutethenconsiderationshouldbegiventoincreasingwidthto6.1metres)
Footway-Aminimumfootwaywidthof3.5metresshouldbeprovided,butthefinalwidthofthetotalfootway/cyclewayshouldbedeterminedbyacomfortassessmentandwhererequiredshouldbewider.Adequatespaceshouldbeprovidedwithinadedicatedfurniturefootwayzonetoaccommodatestreetlightingcolumns,cycleparkingstands,planters,binsandbenchesspecifiedandafootwayclearzoneprovidedforuninhibitedaccessforfootwayusers.
Directvehicularaccesstoparking-Thiswillbepermitted,subjecttosuitablevisibilitybeingdemonstratedinthedesignprocess
Street Design Details
OnStreetParking-Discretelypositionedon-street,parallel,unallocatedparkingbaysforvisitorusewillbepermittedatagreedlocations.Parallelbaysshouldbeaminimumof2metresx6metreswitha1metre‘pullout’stripinaddition.Amaximumof3contiguousbayswillbepermitted.ATrafficRegulationOrdermayberequired,andshouldbeconsideredonacasebycasebasis
JunctionRadii-Typically6metres,orsufficienttoaccommodateaFTAidentified10-metrerigidvehicle.
Landscaping-ThelandscapingshouldreflecttheGreenInfrastructurestrategyforthecharacterareaofthesite.Existingtreesshouldbeaccommodatedwithinthedesignandremovalofthemshouldbethelastresort.NewGreenInfrastructureshouldbeincorporatedaspartoftheservicemarginusinganappropriatedesignsolution.
Biodiversity-Waystoincorporateenhancementsforwildlifeshouldbeincludedinthestreetscapedesigninawaythatengagesthepublicandistamperproof.Street
treesshouldbeincorporatedtoenhancepermeabilityofthelandscapefor
speciestoconnectwithotherhabitattypessuchaswoodlandsandgrasslands.
Materials
MainCarriageway-Predominantlymacadam,withcontrastingmaterialsbeingconsideredfortrafficcalmingfeatureswhereappropriate.
Footway-Predominantlymacadam,theuseofpaversorfinetexturedpre-castflagsinappropriatelocationsmaybeconsidered.Alternativesurfacingmaterialsmustbesuitabletowithstandaccidentalmountingbyalltypesofvehicle.
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3.13 Informal StreetsStreetswhereformaltrafficcontrols(signs,markingsandsignals)areabsentorreduced.
Design Details for Informal Streets
Traffic Speed
DesignSpeed-20mph,achievedthroughmeasuressuchassurfacechanges,visualnarrowing,centralreservations,sensitiveparkingprovisionandgreeninfrastructure.
Street Dimensions and Character
CarriagewayWidth-5.5metres(ifstreetisidentifiedasabusroutethenconsiderationshouldbegiventoincreasingwidthto6.1metres).
Footway-Aminimumof2metres.Wherenecessarystreetfurnitureareaccommodatedinthefootway(suchasstreetlightingcolumns,cycleparkingstands,planters,binsandbenches)thenawiderfootwayshouldbespecified.
Directvehicularaccesstoparking-Thiswillbepermitted,subjecttosuitablevisibilitybeingdemonstratedinthedesignprocess.
Street Design Details
OnStreetParking-ResidentialDistributorsareenvisagedasbeingamoretraditionalresidentialstreet,withonstreetvisitorparkingprovidedwithinthehighwayextent.Whereidentifiedasabusroutesomediscretelypositionedon-streetunallocatedparallelparkingbaysforvisitoruse,willbepermittedatagreedlocationstopreservebusjourneytimereliabilityandpunctuality.Parallelbaysshouldbe2metresx6metreswitha1metre‘pullout’strip.Amaximumof3contiguousbayswillbepermitted.
JunctionRadii-Typically6.0morsufficienttoaccommodatethelocalrefusecollectionvehicle.Aminimumcentre-lineradiusof20metresshouldbeprovided.
Landscaping-Greeninfrastructurecansignificantlyaddtothequalityofthestreetscape.Whereverpossible,thisshouldbeaccommodatedoutsidethelimitsoftheadoptedhighway.
Materials
MainCarriageway-Predominantlymacadam
Footway-Predominantlymacadam,theuseofpaversorfinetexturedpre-castflagsinsmallappropriatelocationsmaybeconsidered.Alternativesurfacingmaterialsmustbesuitabletowithstandaccidentalmountingbyalltypesofvehicle.
Kerbing-Lowrisekerbsshouldbeprovided,eitheraskerbsettsorconcreteedgestripstoindicatetheboundarybetweenadoptedhighwayandprivateproperty.
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3.14 Pedestrian Prioritised StreetStreetswherepedestriansfeelthattheycanmovefreelyanywhereandwheredriversfeeltheyareaguest.PedestrianPrioritisedStreetsshouldnothavevehiclemovementsexceeding100vehiclesperhour.
Design Details for Pedestrian Prioritised Streets
Traffic Speed
DesignSpeed-15mph,achievedthroughvariationsincarriagewaywidth,horizontalalignmentofthecarriagewayandprovisionofon-streetparkingfacilities.
Street Dimensions and Character
CarriagewayWidth-Variablewidth,predominantlybetween4.1and6metres,narrowingtoaminimumof3.7metresonshortlengths.
Footway/Verge-A2metrewideservicemargin/footway/vergeshouldbeprovidedtofacilitatetheprovisionofstreetlightingand/orstatutoryundertaker’sequipment.Thisfacilityshouldbedefinedwithintheextentofthehighwaybytheintroductionofphysicaldemarcation,suchasalowlevelkerb.
Directvehicularaccesstoparking-Thiswillbepermitted,subjecttosuitablevisibilitybeingdemonstratedinthedesignprocess.
Street Design Details
OnStreetParking-Designersshoulduselocalcarriagewaywideningtoaccommodatethis.
JunctionRadii-Typically6.0morsufficienttoaccommodateaFTA10mrigidvehicle.Smallerradiiwillbeencouragedand/orvehicularfootwaycrossingswhereappropriate.Aminimumcentre-linecarriagewayradiusof15metresshouldbeprovided.
Landscaping-Greeninfrastructureshouldbeusedextensivelytosoftenhighwayinfrastructureandaddtothevisualappealofthestreet.ThelandscapingshouldconsidertheGreenInfrastructurestrategyforthecharacterareaofthesite.Existingtreesshouldbeaccommodatedwithinthedesignandremovalofthemshouldbethelastresort.NewGreenInfrastructureshouldbeincorporatedaspartoftheservicemarginusinganappropriatedesignsolution.
Biodiversity-Waystoincorporateenhancementsforwildlifeshouldbeincludedinthestreetscapedesigninawaythatengagesthepublicandistamperproof.Streettreesshouldbeincorporatedtoenhancepermeabilityofthelandscapeforspeciestoconnectwithotherhabitattypessuchaswoodlandsandgrasslands.
Materials
MainCarriageway-Acombinationofconcreteblockpavingwithmacadamwouldbeconsideredsuitable.Parkingareas,junctions,slowpointsandtrafficmanagementfeatureswillneedtobehighlighted,usingdifferentmaterials.
Kerbing-Lowrisekerbsshouldbeprovided,eitheraskerbsettsorconcreteedgestripstoindicatetheboundarybetweenadoptedhighwayandprivateproperty.
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3.15 Private Shared Drives and Courtyard Parking AreasAprivatedrivewaycanserveoneormoreproperties,uptoamaximumofsix,afterwhichthetrafficgeneratedandnumberofturningmovementsassociatedwiththedrivewayisconsideredsufficientfortheaccesstobeconsideredforadoptionbytheLocalHighwayAuthority.
Communalprivateparkingareascanbeconsideredanexceptionduetotheneedgeneratedbythetypeandlayoutofthedevelopment.Privatedrivewaysarealsoappropriateforsmallscalecommercialdevelopment.
TheseareasarenotconsideredofsufficientpublicutilitytowarrantadoptionbytheHighwayAuthority.
Design Details for Private Shared Drives and Courtyard Parking Areas
Traffic Speed
DesignSpeed-10mph
Street Dimensions and Character
Carriageway-Asharedsurfaceservingmorethantwopropertiescanbeofvaryingwidth,butmustbeaminimumof4.1metresforthefirst15metresbehindthebackofthecarriagewaytoallowtwovehiclestoenterandleavesimultaneously.Turningfacilityprovidedforcarswherecul-de-sacsarelongerthan20metres(ManualforStreets,Paragraph6.8.3)Refusecollectionpointsshouldbeprovidedwithin25metresofthehighway.
Theconnectiontothepriorityroadshallbelaidoutasperafootwaycrossing,inaccordancewithSection184oftheHighwaysAct,1980,whereapplicable.
Footway-Partoftheshareddriveway
Street Design Details
Parking-Allcarparkingshouldbeprovidedoff-street.Provisionmustbemadetoenterandexitinaforwardgearonroadswithhighlevelsofvehicleflow.In/outdrivearrangementsareonlypermittedwherespaceallowsformanoeuvringwithinthesiteanddoesnotrelyontheuseofbothaccesses,fullvisibilityisrequiredatbothaccesses.Carparkingspacesmustbedelineatedtomaximizeoccupancyandcourteousbehaviour,whichmaynototherwisebeachievedthrougherrantparking.
JunctionRadii-Vehicularfootwaycrossover.Vehiclestoenterandexitat90ºtothekerbline.
PavingStyle-Pavingstyletosuitimmediateenvironmentofthepublicrealmsetting.
Landscaping-Alandscapeschemeshouldbeintegraltothedesignofthespaceusingtreesandshrubs.NativespeciesofHedgerowandtrees,andvegetatedditchesshouldbeincorporatedwhereverpossible.
Materials
MainCarriageway-Predominantlymacadamand/orconcreteblockpavinglaidinaherringboneortegularpattern.Astretchercourseofblocksshouldbeusedtoidentifytheedgeofaparkingareas,junctions,slowpointsandtrafficmanagementfeaturesasappropriate.
Intersections-Adequatevehicularandpedestrianvisibilitymustbeprovided.
KerbingLowrisekerbsshouldbeprovided,eitheraskerbsettsorconcreteedgestripstoindicatetheboundarybetweenadoptedhighwayandprivateproperty.Levelsurfaceswillbeconsidered.
StreetLightingAnystreetlightingprovisionwillremaininprivateownership.
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3.16 Active Travel (Walking and Cycling) RoutesInallcases,ActiveTravelRoutesinnewdevelopmentsshouldbedesignedtoensuretheyprovideamoredirectandconvenientmeansofaccessingservicesandfacilitiesthanbyusingthehighwaynetworkalone.
WorcestershireCountyCouncilrequiresthatActiveTravelRoutesaretobeclearlymarkedtoprovideadequateseparationofpedestriansandcyclists,recognisingtheaccessibilityandsafetybenefitsofthisapproach.Theyshouldbedesignedtominimisetheneedforcycliststostopandtomaintainaspeedofapproximately12mph.
Design Details for Active Travel Routes
Traffic Speed
DesignSpeed-15mphforcyclists
Street Dimensions and Character
ActiveTravelRouteWidth-Separated,sharedfacilitiesarerequired.ActiveTravelRoutesshouldbeaminimumof3.5metreswidetoallowfortwocyclestopasseachothercomfortably,withanassociated1metreservicemargin/vergetoaccommodatestreetlightingwhereappropriate.
Street Design Details
CycleParking-Securecycleparkingshouldbeprovidedinthevicinityofalltripattractors,positionedtoensuremaximumvisibility,butnotinlocationswhereitwouldbecomeanobstacletopedestriansorcyclists.
ProtectionfromVehicularUse-Bollardsshouldbeusedtopreventuseoffootwaysandcyclewaysbymotorvehicles.Guardrailingmustnotbeused.
Biodiversityandlandscape-Waystoincorporateenhancementsforwildlifeshouldbeincludedinthestreetscapedesigninawaythatengagesthepublicandistamperproof.Hedges,treesandwildflowervergesshouldbeincorporatedtoenhancepermeabilityofthelandscapeforspeciestoconnectwithotherhabitattypessuchaswoodlandsandgrasslands.Thiswillalsoenhancetheuserexperiencealongtheroute.
Materials
Carriageway-ActiveTravelRoutesshouldbeexclusivelyofmacadam(HotRolledAsphaltispreferredtominimiserollingresistance).Moreporousmaterialswillbeconsideredforleisureroutes.
Demarcation-Flushkerbingorgreeninfrastructureshouldbeusedtodemarcatecyclewaysandfootways,asrequired.
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3.17 Industrial Access RoadsIndustrialaccessroadsaretobeprovidedtoserveindustrialoremploymentareaswhereHGVmovementsaretobeaccommodatedonaregularbasis.Carriagewaywidthsmayneedtobeincreasedtoaccommodatealltypesofvehiclesexpectedtoaccessthesesites.
Design Details for Industrial Access Roads
Traffic Speed
DesignSpeed-30mph
Street Dimensions and Character
CarriagewayWidth-6.7metresminimum,uptoamaximumof7.3metresifrequiredtoaccommodatelargervehicles.
ActiveTravelRoute-Aseparatedactivetravelrouteshouldbeprovidedwhichrunsparallel,providingdirectaccesstoalltripattractorsinthesite.Thisshouldbeseparatedfromthehighwaybyaminimum1metregreeninfrastructurestrip.
Directvehicularaccesstoparking-Thiswillbepermitted,subjecttosuitablevisibilitybeingdemonstratedinthedesignprocess.
Street Design Details
OnStreetParking-Parkingonthehighwaywillnotbepermitted.ThiswillnecessitatetheimplementationofaTrafficRegulationOrderiftheroadistobeadoptedbytheHighwayAuthority.
JunctionRadii-Typically10metres.Trackingmustbeprovidedforthelargestpermittedvehicle.
LandscapingGreeninfrastructurehasastrongroletomitigatetheimpactsofmajorindustrial/employmentusesontheadjacentlandscape.ThelandscapingcanbeintegratedwithSuDSdrainageusingswalesandtreeplantingtoprovideadditionalGIbenefitsaspartofasitewideSuDSandGIstrategy.Whereverpossible,thisshouldbeaccommodatedoutsidethelimitsoftheadoptedhighway.
BiodiversityGreeninfrastructurehasastrongroletomitigatetheimpactsofmajorindustrial/employmentusesonthebiodiversity.Whereverpossible,thisshouldbeaccommodatedoutsidethelimitsoftheadoptedhighway.
Materials
MainCarriageway-Macadam
KerbingPre-castconcretekerbs.Larger,morerobustkerbingmayberequiredtopreventoverrunninganddamagetogreeninfrastructure.
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4. Planning for Parking4.1 Introduction
On25thMarch2015,aMinisterialStatementupdatedParagraph39oftheNationalPlanningPolicyFramework,providingfurtherdetailontheapplicationofparkingstandards,thisstatementhasbeenincorporatedinthedraftrevisionsoftheNPPF.ThisdocumentseekstoprovideanapproachastohowcarparkinginWorcestershireshouldbeprovidedtosupportnewandexpandingbusinessandresidentialdevelopmentinamannerwhichembracestheNPPF.
Itisconsideredthatiftheapplicantistheenduserthattheyarewellplacedtoassessoperationaldemandsbutallsitesmustbeconsideredagainstaplanninguseclasstoensuretheyequallyaddresstheneedsoffutureusers.ThereforeapplicationsshouldprovideasuitableevidencebasetoensurevehiclesarenotdisplacedontotheHighwaytoensurehighwaysafetyisnotcompromisedandmaintainthefreeflowoftraffictothebenefitofthelocaleconomy.
ThisdocumentonlyreflectsasmallpartofmanagingvehicledemandsandthereforeshouldbereadalongsidetheLocalTransportPlanwhichcontainspoliciestopromotesustainabletravelthroughtheprovisionofphysicalinfrastructureandtravelplanninginitiatives.
4.2 ResidentialHouses and Apartments Thereisnodirectrelationshipbetweencarparkingprovisionandchoiceoftransportmode,soaminimumprovisionforresidentialneedshouldbemadetoensuresuitableincurtilagestorage.
Thefollowingaretheminimumrequirements:
1BedroomUnit-1Space,1cyclespace
2–3BedroomUnits–2Spaces,2cyclespaces
4–5BedroomUnits–3Spaces*,2cyclespaces
* InRuralparishesofRedditchthisshouldbeincreasedto4spaces.
Thesearetheminimumrequirements.TheyapplytobothAffordable/SocialHousingandMarketHousing.Therequirementsapplytoflats/apartmentsandhouses.Cycleparkingmustbesheltered,secureandeasilyaccessible
Garagesareexcludedfromthecarparkingcalculationsduetotheabilitytoconvertthemintohabitableaccommodationwithouttheneedforpermissionandtheirusageforpersonalstorageratherthanthatofavehicle.
WorcestershireCountyCouncilstronglyencouragesallpropertiestobeequippedwithUltraLowEmissionVehicles(ULEV)chargingpointsincludingprovisionwherecommunalparkingisprovided.ThispositionissupportedbytheNPPF.
Houses of Multiple Occupancy
HousesofMultipleOccupancy(HMO’s)havetheirownseparateuseclassandassuchrequireaseparateparkingstandardfromthoseabove.TypicallyHMO’sinWorcestershirearelocatednearacademicestablishmentsandareinexistingresidentialcommunities,andassuchareattractivetostudents,howeverthisisnotexclusivelythecase.HMOswhichhave4bedroomsorlessdonotrequireplanningpermission,thereforenostandardsareindicatedforsub5bedrooms.
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Bedrooms Required Spaces
5 3
6 3
7 4
8 4
9+ DemonstrateProvision,butMinimumof4
Cyclestorageataratioof1spaceperbedroomshouldbeprovidedwheretheyaresheltered,secureandeasilyaccessible.
VisitorsThesearepermittedtobecountedwithinthestreetduetotheirshorttermdurationandinfrequentoccurrence.Whereexistingonstreetdemandorparkingrestrictionpreventsthisorforcommunalparkingareasoffroadprovisionshouldbemadeataratioof1spaceper5bedrooms.ForclarityHMOparkingprovisionsincludeallowancesforvisitors.Provisionshouldalsobemadeforcyclistswherespacesshouldbesharedandthenumberproportionatetothescaleofthedevelopment.
Car ClubsInareaswherehousingdensityisgreaterandthereisawiderrangeoftransportchoicescarfreedevelopmentwillbeencouraged.Howeverresidentsshouldstillbegiventheabilitytotravelbycarshouldtheychooseandwherethereissufficientcriticalmassintermsofdevelopmentorexistingpopulationtosupportaschemetheprovisionofacarclubcanprovideavaluableservice.WheretheseareproposedearlydiscussionswiththeHighwayAuthorityandcluboperatorsisneededtoensurelongtermviabilityandcitywidetakeup.
Care HomesTheseareamixofresidentialandemploymentuseswhichcanfallintoC2orC3uses.Mostsitesarepromotedbyestablishedcareproviderswhowillhaveexperienceofcomparablesites.Theapplicantshouldpresentappropriateuptodatedatafromsimilarsitesoncarparkingdemandtoinformlevelsfortheirproposalratherthanapplying
theresidentialC3standardswithmaynotbeappropriate.
Commercial / Industrial (Non-Residential)Commercialoperatorsshouldhaveagoodunderstandingoftheneedsoftheirbusinessandwilldeterminehowlandundertheircontrolcouldbemanaged.Carparkingneedisasubjectivematterparticularlyinthemindofneighbours;theapplicantshouldprovideaminimumparkingprovisionforeachdevelopmentalongwithanevidencebasetodemonstratetheappropriatenessoftheprovision.Tripratesaccumulationshouldeitherbederivedfromfirstprinciplesorfromexistingdata,forexample;TRICSorcomparisontofacilitiesofsimilarsizeandgeographiccircumstance.
Adequatespaceforheavygoods,deliveryandpublicservicevehiclesmustbemadewithinthesiteboundary,whichshouldnotconflictwiththeproposedparkingarrangements.
Parking Free DevelopmentForbothresidentialandcommercialdevelopmentsintownandcitycentrestheapplicantmaychoosenottoprovidecarparkingspacesatall.Considerationmustbegiventotheopportunitytoaccessthesitesustainably,theavailabilityandcapacityofpubliccarparks,existingparkingrestrictions,thenumberoflinkedtripsandtheimplementationofanapprovedTravelPlanorwelcomepack.Provisionforservicinganddeliveriesmustalwaysbemadewithinthesite,unlessthereisastrongfall-backpositionwhichwouldremovethisrequirement.
Educational FacilitiesAmaximumof1Spacepermemberofstaffhoweverinurbanlocationsstafflevelsshouldbereducedbasedontheavailabilityofalternativeoptions.Carfreedevelopmentispermissibledependingonthelocalcircumstances.Shelteredfacilitiestoprovideforpupilscooterstorageshouldbeprovidedinanaccessiblelocationforprimaryschoolsandcycleparkingforalleducationalfacilities.
Other Users Needs In Non ResidentialDevelopmentConsiderationandprovision
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mustbemadefordisabledbadgeholders,motorcycles,bicyclesandULEV.Thefollowingratiosarerequired.
AccessibleSpaces:
Size of Car Park (no of spaces)
Designated Bay Provision
1-50 2+3%oftotalcarpark
51-200 3+3%oftotalcarpark
201-500 4+3%oftotalcarpark
501-1000 5+3%oftotalcarpark
1000+ 6+3%oftotalcarpark
MotorcycleSpaces-1spaceper10carspaces,minimumprovision1space
BicycleSpaces:
• Offices(B1a)1spaceper30m2ofGFA.
• GeneralIndustryandStorage(B1c,B2,B8)1spaceper40m2ofGFA.
• Otherusesseehttp://www.camcycle.org.uk/resources/cycleparking/guide/appendix.html%20-%20standards.
ULEVChargingSpaces–Initially5%ofthetotalparkingspacesprovidedandafurther5%ofthetotalparkingspacesatanagreedtrigger.
Commercialdevelopmentmustbesupportedbyatravelplantopromotesustainabletravelchoicesirrespectiveofthenumberofcarparkingspacesprovidedandwhereatransportassessmentisprovidetheyshouldbeakeyfactorinmanagingtrafficgenerationandcarparkingsupply.
Specifications
CarParkingSpacesshouldbeaminimum2.4mx4.8m.Forresidentialdevelopmentcirculationspacearoundthevehicleisneededsodimensionsincreaseto3.2mx6m.Aminimumof6misrequiredinfrontofagaragedoor.
Garagescanbeusedtoprovidebicyclestorageaswellasforotherhouseholdstorageneeds,wherethisoccursgaragesshouldhaveaninternaldimensionof6mx3m.
Cyclestands–aminimumwidthof1mmustbeprovidedbetweencyclestands.Standsfornonstandardcyclesshouldbeallocatedattheendofastandardprovisionwithaminimumwidthof1.5mprovidedtoallowfordismounting.
Separatebinstorageareasshouldbeprovidedwhichdonotconflictwithanyproposedparkingspaces.
ULEVchargingsystemsshouldbe:
• Residential7kWchargingpoints.
• NonResidential22kWchargingpoints.
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5. Planning for Passenger Transport5.1 Philosophy
WorcestershireCountyCouncilrequiresdeveloperstoensureaccesstohighqualitypassengertransportfacilitiesandservicestooptimisetravelchoice,andensuresustainabledevelopment,regardlessofwhetheraresidential,commercialorindustrialdevelopment.
Itiscriticallyimportantthatdevelopmentseekstostrengthenthecommercialityofthepassengertransportnetwork.Todothis,itmustactivelycontributetowardsensuringpassengertransportisanattractivetravelchoice,whichassumesthatdevelopmentswillbedesignedtobenefitfrom:
• Qualityinfrastructureandinformation–tolimitwaittimes,ensurepassengercomfortandenableintuitivejourneyplanning;
• Qualitypassengertransportservices–tosupportpassengertransportcompaniestoofferdirect,fast,punctualandreliableservicesusingappropriatevehicles,whichareaffordableandattractivetouse;
Inpractice,developerswillbeexpectedtoconsiderpassengertransportaccessataveryearlystageinthedevelopmentprocess,andsetoutacostedpassengertransportaccessstrategyfortheirdevelopment.
5.2 Bus RoutesWorcestershireCountyCouncilrecognisesthatensuringdirect,fast,reliableandpunctualbusservicesiscriticallyimportantifpassengertransportistoofferacredibletravelchoiceoption.
Whereverpossible,busroutesshouldnotberequiredtomakecircuitousdetoursintoresidentialareas,asthisincreasestraveltimeandreducestheattractivenessofbusroutes.Withthisinmind,WorcestershireCountyCouncilproposesameanaveragewalkdistanceforallpropertieswithinadevelopmenttoscheduledbusstopsof400metres,distancesofupto800metreswillbe
consideredwhereahighquality,directandlevelrouteisprovided.Thisistobemeasuredaccuratelyfromfrontdoortobusstop,andnotbydrawingaradiusonamap(i.e.asthecrowflies).Measurementsshouldassumethatresidentswillmakeuseofplannedwalkingrouteswithinthedevelopment.
Largephaseddevelopmentsshouldmakeprovisionfortheearliestphasestobeservedbybusservices.Theprovisionandphasingwillrequiredetailedconsiderationattheplanningapplicationstageandwillneedtobeincorporatedintoanylegalagreementtiedtotheplanningconsent.
Wherebusroutesareproposedtooperatethroughdevelopments,theseshouldbeagreedinadvancewiththebusoperatingcompany,andshouldofferdirect,unimpededaccessthroughthesitetominimiseanyimpactsonjourneytimes.On-streetparkingprovisionmustbedesignedsoasnottocausedetrimenttobusserviceoperationalefficiency.Busprioritymeasuresmayberequiredtosupportthis,andtheseshouldbespecificallydesignedanddiscussedwiththeDMteaminadvanceofapplicationsubmission.
5.3 Bus StopsTheprovisionandlocationofbusstopsshouldbeplannedatanearlystageandmadethesubjectofasafetyauditingprocesstoensurestopsarenotplacedinhazardousareasonthenetwork.Thestopmustbeclearlymarkedonallplans,wellinadvanceofconstructionandbroughttotheattentionofpotentialhousebuyerstoavoidanyproblemswhenaservicestartslaterthanintendedoccupationdates.
Theprovisionofbusstopsshouldbeminimisedwithindevelopments,topreserveoperationalreliability.Aminimumdistanceof400metresbetweenbusstopsisrecommended.
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Stopsshouldbelocatedtogivethebestpenetrationintothedevelopmentsitebymeansofassociatedfootpathsandtheyneedtoservethegreatestcatchmentareapossibleintermsofconvenience.
Busrouteswithinnewdevelopmentsshouldbedesignedtobecontinuous(i.e.theyshouldeitherpassdirectlythroughthedevelopment,oroperateinaloop.Developmentsmustnotrequirebusservicestomakeanyunnecessarymanoeuvres,soturningfacilitiesshouldneverberequired.
Busstopsprovidedon,oradjacenttoexistinghighwaynetworksshouldbeplacedascloseaspossibletoexistingfootpathswhichprovideaccessintothedevelopment.
InlocationswhereWorcestershireCountyCouncilisthebusshelterprovider,acommutedsummaybesoughtfromdeveloperstosupportongoingmaintenanceofthisinfrastructure,fulldetailsofthesheltermaintenancepolicycanbefoundintheTransportAssetManagementPlan.
5.4 Real Time Passenger InformationWorcestershireCountyCounciloperatesacountywideRealTimePassengerInformationsystemforbuses(RTPI).Inmanycases,contributionsmaybesoughtfromdeveloperstoprovideforRTPIdisplaysatbusstops.
5.5 RailWhereadevelopmentisadjacenttoarailwaylineorotherrailinfrastructure(stations,sidings,freightfacilities),thenthedevelopershouldconsult,atanearlystage,withNetworkRail.ContactdetailsandproceduresforsuchconsultationcanbeobtainedfromtheNetworkRailwebsite(www.networkrail.co.uk).
TheCouncil’spoliciesforrailareincludedinitsLocalTransportPlan.Wheredevelopmentisexpectedtogenerateadditionaldemandforrailtravel,andimprovementschemesareidentified,thenfinancialcontributionsmaybesoughttosupportbringingforwarddeliveryofthese.
Whereadevelopmentisadjacenttoarailwaystation,developersshouldcontacttherelevantTrainOperatingCompanyresponsibleformanagingthatstation.Ifindoubt,developersareadvisedtocontacttheDMteamforadvice.
5.6 Community TransportWorcestershirebenefitsfromacomprehensivenetworkofCommunityTransportschemes,whichprovidepassengertransportservicestothosewhoareunabletoaccessscheduledpassengertransportservices,foravarietyofreasons.Developersmayberequiredtocontributetowardsserviceenhancementofcommunitytransportservicestosupportaccesstodevelopmentsbysustainablemodes.Thiswillbeparticularlyrelevantinmorerurallocations.
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6. Planning for an Adoptable Public Streetscape6.1 Introduction
Thissectioncoversworksonthepublichighwayinstigatedbydevelopersandthecreationofnewhighwaymaintainableatpublicexpense,commonlyreferredtoasSection38andSection278HighwaysAgreements.
6.2 6.2 Definitions and InterpretationsThefollowingdefinitionsandinterpretationsapplywithinthissection:
• AdoptedHighway–Highwaymaintainableatpublicexpense.
• Adopt(Adoption)–TheprocessbywhichfuturemaintenanceofaHighwayatthepublicexpenseisacceptedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncil
• CDMRegulations–Construction(Design&Management)Regulations2015
• Consultant–AnorganisationemployedbytheDevelopertodesigntheworks.
• Contractor–AnorganisationemployedbytheDevelopertocarryoutconstructionworks.
• Dedicate(Dedication)–ThefreeholdlegalownerofapieceoflanddedicatesthetopsoilofthatlandforuseasHighway,surrenderingallrightstothetopsoil,whilstretaininglegalownershipofthesubsoil.
• DMRB-DesignManualforRoadsandBridges.
• Developer–Anindividualororganisationpromotingadevelopment.
• DevelopmentControlEngineer-Officersresponsibleforthetechnicalapproval,siteinspectionandmanagementoftheworksonpursuanttoaSec.38and/orSec.278Agreement.
• Easement–Theright(securedbyalegalagreement)touseorcrosssomeoneelse’slandforaspecifiedpurpose,forexampletocarryoutworkonsubterraneanducts.
• Highway–Awayoverwhichthepublichaverighttopassandre-passunhindered.
• HighwayAgreement–alegalagreementbetweenWorcestershireCountyCouncilandthedeveloper.
WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillentertheagreementwhereitissatisfiedthattheworkstotheAdoptedHighwaywillbeofbenefittothepublic.TheDeveloper(ortheircontractor)willberesponsibleforexecutingtheworksontheAdoptedhighwayinaccordancewiththetermsoftheagreement.
• MinorWorks–minorworkislimitedtoworksofthisdescriptiononly:loweredkerbsforasinglevehicularaccess;asimplebellmouthservingaprivatedevelopmentthatrequiresnoamendmenttothestreetlighting,highwaydrainagesystemorhorizontalandverticalalignmentoftheAdoptedHighway.
• Section38Agreement–AlegalagreementmadepursuanttoSection38oftheHighwaysAct(1980)thatprovidesforDedicationofaroadorotherwayasaHighway,andanagreementtoAdopttheHighwayataspecifiedpointintime.
• Section278Agreement–AlegalagreementmadepursuanttoSection278oftheHighwaysAct(1980_,whichenablesaLocalHighwayAuthority,whereitissatisfiedthatitwillbeofbenefittothepublic,toexecuteworksontheAdoptedHighway,inaccordancewiththetermsoftheagreemententeredintowiththedeveloper.
• Surety–AthirdpartyapprovedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilbecomesapartytotheSection38and/or278agreement
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andguaranteestopaythesumspecifiedinthesaidagreementforthecompletingoftheworksincertaincircumstances.
• WorcestershireCountyCouncil–WorcestershireCountyCouncilistheLocalHighwayAuthority(LHA)responsiblefortheconstruction,maintenance,operation,useandcontroloftheAdoptedHighway.
Section38oftheHighwaysAct(1980)allowsWorcestershireCountyCouncilasLocalHighwayAuthority(LHA)toenterintoalegalagreementwithaDevelopertoadopthighwaysforfuturemaintenanceatthepublicexpense,providedthattheyareconstructedtoWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sapprovedconditionsandspecifications.TheagreementmayalsocontainfurthernecessaryprovisionsfortheconstructionanddedicationoftheroadasWorcestershireCountyCouncilconsidersappropriate.
Whereschemesrequirealterationsorimprovementstotheexistingpublichighway,Sec.278oftheHighwaysAct1980allowsforWorcestershireCountyCounciltoenterintoalegalagreementwithaDeveloperinordertoenabletheDevelopertomakealterationsorimprovementstothepublichighway.
Sec.38AgreementswilloftenbecombinedwithaSec.278AgreementifworksintheexistinghighwayareinvolvedandSec.278Agreementsmayalsoincludea‘Sec.38Agreementelement’iflandisrequiredtobeadopted.
Submissionswillnotberegistereduntilalloftheinformationrequired,asspecifiedintherelevantApplicationFormhasbeensubmittedinanacceptableformat.WorcestershireCountyCouncildoesn’thavetheresourcestoundertaketechnicalassessmentofschemesthatcan’tgaintechnicalapprovalduetomissinginformation.
Sec.38oftheHighwaysAct1980allowsWorcestershireCountyCouncil(WCC)asHighwayAuthority(HA)toenterintoalegalagreementwithaDevelopertoadopthighwaysforfuturemaintenanceatthepublicexpense,providedthattheyare
constructedtoWCC’sapprovedconditionsandspecifications.TheagreementmayalsocontainfurthernecessaryprovisionsfortheconstructionanddedicationoftheroadasWCCconsidersappropriate.
Whereschemesrequirealterationsorimprovementstotheexistingpublichighway,Sec.278oftheHighwaysAct1980allowsforWCCtoenterintoalegalagreementwithaDeveloperinordertoenabletheDevelopertomakealterationsorimprovementstothepublichighway.
Sec.38AgreementswilloftenbecombinedwithaSec.278AgreementifworksintheexistinghighwayareinvolvedandSec.278Agreementsmayalsoincludea‘Sec.38Agreementelement’iflandisrequiredtobeadopted.
TheEarlyTechnicalAssessment(ETA)ofoffsitehighwayworks,duringthelifetimeoftheplanningapplicationisaprecursortotheSec.278processandisnotaniterativeprocess.
Thisfacilityisoffered,primarilytohighlightissueswhichmayariseduringthedetaileddesignprocessoftheproposedoff-sitehighwayworksbutwhichwouldn’tnecessarilycometolightduringtheassessmentofthepreliminarydesignssubmittedaspartoftheplanningapplicationsubmission.
TheETAprocesswillenableamorerigorousassessmentoftheoff-sitehighwayimprovementssubmittedaspartoftheplanningapplicationandshouldgivedevelopersgreaterconfidencethattheirproposalsaredeliverableincompliancewithbothNationalandWCCdesignspecifications.
Inordertoproduceanassessmentoftheoff-sitehighwayworkswithinthetimescalesallottedtotheplanningprocess(8to12weeks)thelevelofinformationrequiredisreducedfromthatnormallyneededtoinitiateaSec.278submission.
PleaseseetheEarlyTechnicalAssessment,Sec.38ApplicationForm&Sec.278ApplicationForms,whichareavailableatwww.worcestershire.gov.uk/SDGforabreakdown
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oftheinformationrequiredtocommencetherespectivesubmission.
Electronicsubmissionsandgeneralenquiriesshouldbeshouldbesentto:[email protected]
Submissionswillnotberegistereduntilalloftheinformationrequired,asspecifiedintherelevantApplicationFormhasbeensubmittedinanacceptableformat.WCCdoesn’thavetheresourcestoundertaketechnicalassessmentofschemesthatcan’tgaintechnicalapprovalduetomissinginformation.
AlldrawingsandplansmustbedraftedbyacompetenthighwayconsultantappointedbytheDeveloperwhomusthaveexperienceinhighwaydesignandconstruction.
TheinitialtechnicalsubmissionwillneedtobesupportedbyaDesignReportwhichdiscussesallofthedesignelementsoftheschemefromhorizontal&verticalalignment,drainageandjunctioncontroletc.theirrelevantmeritsandjustifiestheirusewithinthesubmitteddesign.
Thisdocumentwillneedtoberefreshedwitheachsubsequenttechnicalsubmission,totakeaccountofanyamendmentsmadetoaddressissueshighlightedinthetechnicalassessment.
EachtechnicalassessmentcarriedoutbyWorcestershireCountyCounciloritsconsultantsandreturnedtothedeveloperwillbeaccompaniedbyaCommentSummarythatwillestablishtheheadlineissueswhichneedtoberesolvedpriortoTechnicalApprovalbeingissued.ThedeveloperwillneedtocompletetheDesignerResponsesectionforeachofthecomments,aswellastherevisedDeparturefromStandardReportandresubmitthisformwiththeirsubsequentsubmission.Failuretoaddresseachofthecommentswillresultinthesubmissionbeingreturned,withoutregistration.
ItisstronglyrecommendedthatthedeveloperortheiragentsundertakedetaileddiscussionswithWCCpriortoeachsubmissionbeingmade,toensurethattheirsubmissionaddressestheoutstandingissuesandnewdeparturesfromstandardwhichoccurasaresultofaddressingthosecomments.
Meetingsbetweenthedeveloper,theiragentsandWCCarethebestwaytoresolvetheissuesaffectingtheawardofTechnicalApprovalandwouldrecommendthatameetingisheldtodiscussthecontentofeachtechnicalassessment.However,aftertheissueofeverysecondtechnicalassessment,aprogressmeetingwillhavetotakeplaceandfailuretoattendwillpreventtheregistrationofanyfurthersubmissions?
TheDeveloperwillberequiredtoenterintoaformalagreementwiththeLocalWaterAuthorityinrespectofsewersandpumpingstationsinaccordancewithSec.104WaterIndustryAct1991andprovidewrittenassurancethattheWaterAuthoritywilladoptsewerswithintheSec.38Works.
PrivatesewerswithintheSec.38WorksarenotacceptedbyWCCandwillnotbeadopted.AdoptionoftheSec.38Workswillnotbetakeplaceuntilproofoftheadoptionoftheprivatesewersetc.bytheLocalWaterAuthorityhasbeenprovidedtoWCC.
WCCrequiretheinclusionoftheTrafficManagementworksrequiredtodelivertheSec.278workswithinthetechnicalsubmissions.ThetrafficmanagementproposalswillneedtobecertifiedbyanaccreditedTMPractitioner(Sector12d).Thetrafficmanagementplans,willassessedtoensureitenablesWCCtomanagethehighwaynetworktosecuretheexpeditiousmovementoftrafficonthenetwork.ThetrafficmanagementplanwillalsobeusedtoscheduleStreetworkpermits,temporarytrafficregulationordersetc.withintheworksprogrammeandformpartoftheSec.278agreement.
ACommentSummarywillaccompanyeachassessmentreturnedtotheDeveloper.Thisformwillneedtobecompletedbythedeveloperortheiragentandsubmittedalongsidetheirnexttechnicalsubmission.
Thisdocumentwillevolvealongsidetheschemethrougheachsubsequenttechnicalsubmissionandprovideongoingrecordoftheschemesprogressthroughthetechnicalassessmentprocess.WCCreservestherighttowithholdregistrationandreturnthe
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submissionshouldanyofthecommentsremainunaddressed.
6.3 FeesWorcestershireCountyCouncilwillchargeaManagementandInspectionFee,baseduponapercentageoftheCountyCouncil’sestimateofthetotalcostoftheworks,currently7.5%forSec.38and8%forSec.278.ThisfeewillcoverthefollowinginrespectoftheproposedSec.38/Sec.278Works:
• Basictechnicalapproval;
• AssessmentofTrafficManagementproposalsandProgrammeofWorks(Sec.278only)
• CalculationofBondFees:
• Administration;
• SiteinspectionsduringconstructioninspectionsofTrafficManagementworks(Sec.278only)andforprovisionalandfinalcertificates(seebelow);and
• Inspectionsofhighways,adoptablehighwaydrainageandstreetlightinginspections
TheDeveloperwillalsoberesponsibleforpaymentofalladditionalfeesincurredbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilforWorcestershireCountyCouncilconsultancydesignchecksandauditsasconsideredappropriateforeachSec.38/278proposalwhichmayinclude:
• Streetlightingdesign;
• Majorjunctiondesign;
• Structuresdesignandinspection
AllfeesarepayablebeforetheAgreementissigned.
6.4 Site InspectionsTheDeveloperisresponsibleforthedayto-daysupervisionandsettingoutoftheSec.38/Sec.278WorksuptothedateofissueoftheFinalCertificateofCompletionfortheworks(seebelow).AWorcestershireCountyCouncilInspectorwillberesponsibleforensuringtheworkscomplywith
WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sSpecificationandtheagreedTrafficManagementproposals(Sec.278only).TheDevelopermustallowWorcestershireCountyCouncil’srepresentativeaccesstoeverypartoftheSec.38/Sec.278WorksatalltimesforthepurposeofinspectingtheSec.38/Sec.278Worksandallmaterialsusedorintendedtobeusedtherein.ItistheresponsibilityoftheDevelopertoensuretheworksareconstructedinaccordancewiththeapproveddrawings/specificationsubmittedtoandapprovedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncilanddeliveredinaccordancewiththeagreedTrafficManagementscheme(Sec.278only).TheDeveloperisresponsibleforthetestingofmaterialsusinganapprovedlaboratoryasspecifiedand/orrequestedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncil.
Non-compliancewiththeapproveddrawings/specificationwillresultintheDeveloperbeingrequiredtoreconstructdefectivearea(s)oftheSec.38/Sec.278Works(aDefectiveWorksRequirement).EachandeveryadditionalinspectiontocheckcompliancewithaDefectiveWorksRequirementwillbechargedat£250pervisit.
6.5 Completing the legal requirementsOncetechnicalapprovalhasbeengranted,theDevelopermustprovide13colouredcopiesoftheSec.38/Sec.278layoutdrawingtobeincludedintheagreement.
PleaseseeSec.38ApplicationForm&Sec.278ApplicationForm,availableatwww.worcestershire.gov.uk/SDGfordetailsregardingthecolourofhighwayfeatures.
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6.6 SuretyTheDeveloperwillberequiredtoprovideafinancialsecurityinordertoensurethatthereisadequateprovisiontoallowtheSec.38/Sec.278WorkstobecompletedindefaultoftheDeveloper’sobligationsundertheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement.Thismayincludeunfinishedordefectiveworks.TheamounttobesecuredmustbeequaltothetotalcostoftheSection38/Section278WorksasdeterminedbyWorcestershireCountyCouncil.Thesecuritymaybeintheformof:
a.AbondinWorcestershireCountyCouncilagreedformatwithareputablefinancialinstitution(Bank/Insurancecompany)approvedbytheCountyCouncil.
b.adepositoftheequivalentsumdepositedwithWorcestershireCountyCounciluntilissueofthefinalcertificateofcompletionoftheSec.38/Sec.278works
c.NBinthecaseofaSec.278Agreementwhereabondisprovided,thesuretymaybeapartytotheAgreement
6.7 Constructing the WorksWhereworksarebeingcarriedoutunderaSec.38/Sec.278Agreement,theDevelopermustnotcommenceanyworksonthesiteuntil:
a.TheSec.38/Sec.278Agreementhasbeencompleted;
b.Anacceptableformofthefinancialsecurityhasbeenprovided;
c.Allfeeshavebeenpaid;
d.WrittennotificationhasbeenprovidedoftheDeveloper’sintentiontocommenceconstructiongivingatleast3monthsnotice(tocomplywiththerequirementsoftheTrafficManagementAct2004;
e.DetailsoftheappointedcontractorinorderforWorcestershireCountyCounciltovalidateitssuitabilitytocarryouttheSec.38/Sec.278Works
NB:Anyanomalies/amendmentsencounteredwhilstconstructionisongoingandbeforetheissueoftheProvisionalCertificate/FinalCertificateofCompletionwillrequireaformalamendmenttotheplansappendedtotheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement,whichwillrequirethecompletionofasupplementalagreement.TheDeveloperwillberesponsibleforanycostsassociatedwiththedraftingandcompletionofthesupplementalagreementandanyadditionalsupervisionfeesthatmayberequired.
6.8 Timescale for completing the works AllSec.278schemesmustbecompletedincompliancewiththeagreedProgrammeofWorks.OnceworkshavecommencedonsitetheymustbecompletedtoWorcestershireCountyCouncil’ssatisfactionwithinareasonabletimeperiod,eitherwithin3monthsofallbuildingsonsitebeingcompleted,orwithin3yearsofthedateofsigningtheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement.IfthistimescaleisnotadheredtoWorcestershireCountyCouncilmayreferthemattertotheirLegalServicesandtakeactionassetoutin‘DefectsandDefaultLists’below.
6.9 Issuing a Provisional Certificate AProvisionalCertificateofCompletion(TheProvisionalCertificate)willonlybeissuedandthe12-monthmaintenanceperiodcommence,oncetheSec.38/Sec.278Workshavebeencompletedinaccordancewiththeapproveddrawings(includingcompliancewithanyDefectiveWorksRequirements)andtothesatisfactionofWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineer.
TheProvisionalCertificatemustbeformallyrequestedinwritingbytheDeveloperfromWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineer.
6.10 Inspection Process following request for Provisional Certificate a.AssoonasisreasonablypracticableWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerwillundertakeaninspectionoftheSec.38/Sec.278Worksandproduceandsupplyadefectslist(DefectsList)totheDeveloper.
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b.TheDeveloperwillwithin3monthsfromthedateofreceipt(orsuchotherperiodoftimeasnotifiedinwritingbytheEngineer)completetheworksasidentifiedontheDefectsList(TheDefectWorks).
c.WhenWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerissatisfiedallworksidentifiedhavebeencarriedoutinaccordancewiththeSec.38/Sec.278AgreementandWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sspecificationorasotherwisedirectedbytheEngineerabove,WorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerwillthenissuetheProvisionalCertificateinordertocommencethe12monthmaintenanceperiod.ThebondsupportingtheAgreementwillthennormallybereducedto50%ofitsoriginalvalue.TheDeveloperwillremainfullyresponsibleformaintainingtheworksforaminimumperiodof12monthsuntilaFinalCertificateofCompletionisissued.
NB:TheissueoftheProvisionalCertificateofCompletionwillconstitutetheroadbeing‘firstopen’tothepublictrafficforthepurposesofSec.1(9)oftheLandCompensationAct1973.TheSec.38/Sec.278AgreementwillmakeprovisionfortheDevelopertoindemnifyWorcestershireCountyCouncilfromanyclaimsrelatingtotheworksincludingthosemadeundertheLandCompensationAct1973.
NB:WhereadeveloperhascommencedworkonhighwaystobeincludedwithintheSec.38agreement,WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillconsideredtheimpositionofa36monthmaintenanceperiod.Eventhougharoadis‘opentopublictraffic’itwillnot,inrespectoftheSec.38Works,constitutetheroad(s)becominghighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpenseuntiltheFinalCertificateofCompletionisissued.
Similarly,inrespectofanySec.278Workscarriedout,theworkswillnotbedeemedtoformpartofthepubliclymaintainablehighwayuntiltheissueoftheFinalCertificateofCompletion.
6.11 Defects, Default Works and Notice to Surety
IftheDefectWorksorDefectiveWorksRequirements(theDefaultWorks)havenotbeencompletedassetoutabove,theEngineerwillconsider,withadvicefromWorcestershireCC’sLegalServices,thelegaloptionsforensuringtheworksarecompleted.
WorcestershireCCmaywithoutprejudicetoanyotherrightclaimorremedyundertheSec.38/Sec.278Agreement:
InrespectofanAgreementsupportedbyaBondorSurety,sendtotheSuretyaNoticeinwriting(“theDefaultNotice”)specifyingtheworksrequiredtobecarriedout,containinganestimatebyWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerorAgentofthecostofcarryingouttheoutstandingworksandofthecostofadministration,supervision,execution,completionandmaintenanceoftheworksforaperiodof12monthspriortothestreet(s)andway(s)becoming(orinthecaseofexistinghighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpenseformingpartof)ahighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpense(‚theDefaultCosts‛));[theSuretyortheCountyCounciltoapplythesumtocarryouttheworkasappropriate];orInthecaseofthefinancialsecuritybeingintheformofacashdepositlodgedwithWorcestershireCountyCouncil,sendtotheDeveloperNoticeinwriting(“theDefaultNotice”)specifyingtheworktobecarriedout,containinganestimatebyWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerorAgentofthecostofcarryingouttheoutstandingworksandofthecostofadministration,supervision,execution,completionandmaintenanceoftheworksforaperiodof12monthspriortothestreet(s)andway(s)becoming(orinthecaseofexistinghighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpenseformingpartof)ahighwaymaintainableatthepublicexpense,(theDefaultCosts))andwithoutfurthernoticetotheDeveloperapplythesumheldupondepositintheexecutionofcarryingouttheDefaultWorks.
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6.11 Issuing a Final Certificate of CompletionAttheendofthe12monthmaintenanceperiodtheDevelopermustrequesttheFinalCertificateofCompletion,(theFinalCertificate)fromtheWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sEngineerinwriting.Copiesofasbuiltdrawingswillalsoneedtobesuppliedatthetimetherequestismade.
6.12 Inspection Process following a request for a Final CertificateTheinspectionprocessfortheissuingoftheFinalCertificatewillfollowthatofParagraphsAandBoftheProvisionalCertificateinspectionprocessabove.
IfWorcestershireCC’sEngineerissatisfiedthatallworksidentifiedhavebeencarriedoutinaccordancewiththeSec.38/Sec.278AgreementandWorcestershireCountyCouncil’sspecificationorasotherwisedirectedbytheEngineer,thenWorcestershireCC’sEngineerwillissuetheFinalCertificate.
TheissuingoftheFinalCertificatesignifies(amongstotherthings)WorcestershireCC’sadoptionoftheSec.38/Sec.278Works.AnyroadsopentopublictrafficformingpartoftheSec.38Workswillatthispointbecomehighway(s)maintainableatthepublicexpense.
TheBondordepositprovidedinsupportoftheAgreementmaynowbecancelled/refunded.ShouldtheDevelopernothavecarriedouttheDefaultWorks,norrequestedtheFinalCertificateofCompletionwithin18monthsofthedateofissueoftheProvisionalCertificate,WorcestershireCountyCouncilwillapplytheremediessetoutinthesectionentitled‘Defects,DefaultWorksandNoticetoSurety’above.
Health and Safety
Priortoformaladoption,theDeveloperwillberequiredtosubmitacopyofthecompletedHealthandSafetyFileinaccordancewiththeConstruction,DesignandManagement2015Regulations.
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Appendix A - Useful ContactsOrganisation Contact Details
WorcesterCountyCouncil CountyHall,SpetchleyRoad,Worcester,Worcestershire,WR52NPwww.worcestershire.gov.uk
RedditchBoroughCouncil TownHall,WalterStranzSquare,Redditch,Worcestershire,B988AHwww.redditchbc.gov.uk
BromsgroveDistrictCouncil ParksideMarketStreetBromsgroveWorcestershireB618DAwww.bromsgrove.gov.uk
WyreForestDistrictCouncil WyreForestHouse,FinepointWay,Kidderminster,Worcestershire,DY117WFwww.wyreforestdc.gov.uk
WorcesterCityCouncil TheGuildhall,HighStreet,Worcester,Worcestershire,WR12EYwww.worcester.gov.uk
WychavonDistrictCouncil CivicCentre,QueenElizabethDrive,Pershore,Worcestershire,WR101PTwww.wychavon.gov.uk
MalvernHillsDistrictCouncil TheCouncilHouse,AvenueRoad,GreatMalvern,Worcestershire,WR143AFwww.malvernhills.gov.uk
HighwaysEngland 3RidgewayQuintonBusinessParkBirminghamB321AFwww.gov.uk/government/organisations/highways-england
WestMerciaRoadSafetyPartnership Suite11,MalvernGate,BromwichRoad,Worcester,WR24BNwww.srpwestmercia.org.uk
WestMerciaPolice POBox55,Worcester,Worcestershire,WR38SPwww.westmercia.police.uk
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Appendix B – Highway Network GIS link and Highways England noteAdynamicmapofWorcestershire’sLocalHighwayNetwork,PublicRightsofWayandmanyotherfeaturescanbeviewedhere:
http://gis.worcestershire.gov.uk
ItshouldbenotedthattheM5,M42andM50motorwaysandtheA46TrunkRoad(fromtheCountyboundarywithGloucestershire,totheCountyboundarywithWarwickshire)aremanagedbyHighwaysEngland.
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Appendix C – Biodiversity Legislative Framework And Best Practice GuidanceThe Wildlife And Countryside Act 1981 (As Amended)
TheWCAisthemajorlegalinstrumentforwildlifeprotectionintheUK.ThislegislationisthemeansbywhichtheConventionontheConservationofEuropeanWildlifeandNaturalHabitats(the‘BernConvention’),theConventionontheConservationofMigratorySpeciesofWildAnimals(the‘BonnConvention’)andtheEuropeanUnionDirectiveontheConservationofWildBirds(79/409/EEC)(ECBirdsDirective)areimplementedinGreatBritain(seebelow).TheActmakesitanoffence(subjecttoexceptions)tointentionallykill,injureortakeanywildanimallistedonSchedule5orwildbirdnotlistedinSchedule2;andprohibitsinterferencewithplacesusedforshelterorprotectionandintentionallydisturbinganimalsoccupyingsuchplaces.TheActmakesitanoffence(subjecttoexceptions)tointentionallypick,uprootordestroyanywildplantlistedinSchedule8.
Birds Directive 2009/147/Ec (Codified Version Of Directive 79/409/Eec As Amended)
TheDirectiveprovidesfortheestablishmentofacoherentnetworkofSpecialProtectionAreas(SPAs)comprisingallthemostsuitableterritoriesforendangeredandmigratoryspecies.Since1994allSPAsformanintegralpartoftheNatura2000ecologicalnetwork.TheBirdsDirectivealsobansactivitiesthatdirectlythreatenbirds,suchasthedeliberatekillingorcaptureofbirds,thedestructionoftheirnestsandtakingoftheireggs,andassociatedactivitiessuchastradinginliveordeadbirds(withsomeexceptions).
Habitats Directive
TheaimoftheHabitatsDirectiveisto‘maintainorrestore,atfavourableconservationstatus,naturalhabitatsandspeciesofwildfaunaandfloraofCommunityinterest’(HabitatsDirective,Article2(2)).
TheprovisionsoftheDirectiverequireMemberStatestointroducearangeofmeasures,including:
• MaintainorrestoreEuropeanprotectedhabitatsandspecieslistedintheAnnexesatafavourableconservationstatusasdefinedinArticles1and2;
• ContributetoacoherentEuropeanecologicalnetworkofprotectedsitesbydesignatingSpecialAreasofConservation(SACs)forhabitatslistedonAnnexIandforspecieslistedonAnnexII.ThesemeasuresarealsotobeappliedtoSpecialProtectionAreas(SPAs)classifiedunderArticle4oftheBirdsDirective.TogetherSACsandSPAsmakeuptheNatura2000network(Article3);
• EnsureconservationmeasuresareinplacetoappropriatelymanageSACsandensureappropriateassessmentofplansandprojectslikelytohaveasignificanteffectontheintegrityofanSAC.Projectsmaystillbepermittediftherearenoalternatives,andthereareimperativereasonsofoverridingpublicinterest.InsuchcasescompensatorymeasuresarenecessarytoensuretheoverallcoherenceoftheNatura2000network(Article6);
• MemberStatesshallalsoendeavourtoencouragethemanagementoffeaturesofthelandscapethatsupporttheNatura2000network(Articles3and10);
• Undertakesurveillanceofhabitatsandspecies(Article11),
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• EnsurestrictprotectionofspecieslistedonAnnexIV(Article12foranimalsandArticle13forplants).
• ReportontheimplementationoftheDirectiveeverysixyears(Article17),includingassessmentoftheconservationstatusofspeciesandhabitatslistedontheAnnexestotheDirective.”
Protection Of Badgers Act 1992
TheProtectionofBadgersAct1992protectsbadgersandtheirsetts.Offencesundertheactincludekilling,injuringortakingabadger,ortodamageorinterferewithasettunlessalicenceisobtainedfromtherelevantstatutoryauthority.
Countryside And Rights Of Way Act 2000 (Crow Act 2000)
TheCRoWActprovidesforpublicaccessonfoottocertaintypesofland,amendsthelawrelatingtopublicrightsofway,increasesmeasuresforthemanagementandprotectionforSitesofSpecialScientificInterest(SSSI)andstrengthenswildlifeenforcementlegislation,andprovidesforbettermanagementofAreasofOutstandingNaturalBeauty(AONB).
TheActplacesadutyonGovernmentDepartmentsandtheNationalAssemblyforWalestohaveregardfortheconservationofbiodiversityandmaintainlistsofspeciesandhabitatsforwhichconservationstepsshouldbetakenorpromoted,inaccordancewiththeConventiononBiologicalDiversity.
Schedule9oftheActamendsSSSIprovisionsoftheWildlifeandCountrysideAct1981,includingprovisionstochangeSSSIsandprovidingincreasedpowersfortheirprotectionandmanagement.
Schedule12oftheActamendsthespeciesprovisionsoftheWildlifeandCountrysideAct1981,strengtheningthelegalprotectionforthreatenedspecies.Theprovisionsmakecertainoffences‘arrestable’,createanewoffenceofrecklessdisturbance,confergreaterpowerstopoliceandwildlifeinspectorsforenteringpremisesandobtainingwildlifetissuesamplesforDNAanalysis,andenableheavierpenaltiesonconvictionofwildlifeoffences.
Natural Environment And Rural Communities (Nerc) Act 2006
TheNERCActmakesprovisioninrespectofbiodiversity,pesticidesharmfultowildlifeandtheprotectionofbirds,andinrespectofinvasivenon-nativespecies.Italtersenforcementpowersinconnectionwithwildlifeprotection,andextendstimelimitsforprosecutingcertainwildlifeoffences.
Section40(1)imposesadutytoconservebiodiversity:
“Every public authority must, in exercising its functions, have regard, so far as is consistent with the proper exercise of those functions, to the purpose of conserving biodiversity.”
Section40(3)oftheActexplainsthat:
“Conserving biodiversity includes, in relation to a living organism or type of habitat, restoring or enhancing a population or habitat”.
Thedutyappliestoalllocalauthoritiesandextendsbeyondjustconservingwhatisalreadytheretocarryingout,supportingandrequiringactionsthatmayalsorestoreorenhancebiodiversity.
Section41oftheActrequirestheSecretaryofStatetopublishalistofhabitatsandspecieswhichareofprincipalimportancefortheconservationofbiodiversityinEngland.Thelist(including56habitatsand943species)hasbeendrawnupinconsultationwithNaturalEnglandanddrawsupontheUKBAPListofPrioritySpeciesandHabitats.TheS41listshouldbeusedtoguidedecision-makerssuchaslocalandregionalauthoritieswhenimplementingtheirduty:tohaveregardtotheconservationofbiodiversityintheexerciseoftheirnormalfunctions–asrequiredunderSection40oftheNERCAct2006.
The Conservation Of Habitats And Species Regulations 2010 (As Amended)
TheHabitatsandSpeciesRegulationsaretheprincipalmeansbywhichtheEuropeanUnionDirectiveontheNaturalHabitatsandWildFaunaandFlora(92/43/EEC)(ECHabitatsDirective)istransposedinUKlaw.TheyalsoconsolidateallthevariousamendmentsmadetotheConservation(NaturalHabitats,&c.)Regulations1994inrespect
49
ofEnglandandWales.TheRegulationsprovideforthedesignationandprotectionof‘Europeansites(paragraph8)’,theprotectionof‘Europeanprotectedspecies’,andtheadaptationofplanningandothercontrolsfortheprotectionofEuropeanSites.Inaddition,theneedforanassessmentofimpactsonNatura2000sitesissetoutwithinArticle6oftheECHabitatsDirective1992,andinterpretedintoBritishlawbytheConservationofHabitatsandSpeciesRegulations2010.
Hedgerow Regulations 1997
TheHedgerowsRegulations1997protectmostcountrysidehedgerowsfrombeingremoved(includingbeinguprootedorotherwisedestroyed)withoutpriorpermissionfromthelocalplanningauthority.TheRegulationssetoutcriteriaforidentifyingimportanthedgerows,forwhichgreaterprotectionisconferred.
Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy For England’s Wildlife And Ecosystem Services (2012)
ThisisabiodiversitystrategyforEngland’swildlifeandecosystemserviceswhichbuildsontheNaturalEnvironmentWhitePaperandprovidesacomprehensivepictureofhowEnglandisimplementingitsinternationalandEUcommitments.
Itsetsoutthestrategicdirectionforbiodiversitypolicyforthenextdecadeonland(includingriversandlakes)andatsea,buildingontheworkthathasgonebefore,butalsoseekingtodeliverastepchange.
OneofthePriorityactionsisthatDEFRA“willworkwithtransportagenciesandkeydeliverypartnerstocreatecoherentandresilientecologicalnetworksinthenaturalareasattheedgesofourstrategicroadsandrailways,whichcoverapproximately60,000hectares.TheGovernmentwillhostaforumwithenvironmentalstakeholderstoinformfutureprioritiesfortheenhancementofthesegreencorridors”.
DEFRAstatethattheywill“throughreformsoftheplanningsystem,takeastrategicapproachtoplanningfornaturewithinandacrosslocalareas.Thisapproachwillguidedevelopmenttothebestlocations,encouragegreenerdesignandenabledevelopmenttoenhancenaturalnetworks.Wewillretaintheprotectionandimprovementof
thenaturalenvironmentascoreobjectivesoftheplanningsystem.”
Infrastructure Act 2015
AnActtomakeprovisionforstrategichighwayscompaniesandthefundingoftransportservicesbyland;controlofinvasivenon-nativespecies;andnationallysignificantinfrastructureprojects.
National Planning Policy Framework (2012)
TheNationalPlanningPolicyFrameworksetsouttheGovernment’splanningpoliciesforEnglandandhowtheseareexpectedtobeapplied.Thisincludesanumberofenvironmentalpolicies:
“Paragraph117states:Tominimiseimpactsonbiodiversityandgeodiversity,planningpoliciesshould:
planforbiodiversityatalandscape-scaleacrosslocalauthorityboundaries;
identifyandmapcomponentsofthelocalecologicalnetworks,includingthehierarchyofinternational,nationalandlocallydesignatedsitesofimportanceforbiodiversity,wildlifecorridorsandsteppingstonesthatconnectthemandareasidentifiedbylocalpartnershipsforhabitatrestorationorcreation;
promotethepreservation,restorationandrecreationofpriorityhabitats,ecologicalnetworksandtheprotectionandrecoveryofpriorityspeciespopulations,linkedtonationalandlocaltargets,andidentifysuitableindicatorsformonitoringbiodiversityintheplan;
Paragraph118states;
ifsignificantharmresultingfromadevelopmentcannotbeavoided(throughlocatingonanalternativesitewithlessharmfulimpacts),adequatelymitigated,or,asalastresort,compensatedfor,thenplanningpermissionshouldberefused;
proposeddevelopmentonlandwithinoroutsideaSiteofSpecialScientificInterestlikelytohaveanadverseeffectonaSiteofSpecialScientificInterest(eitherindividuallyorincombinationwithotherdevelopments)shouldnotnormallybepermitted.Whereanadverseeffectonthesite’snotified
50
specialinterestfeaturesislikely,anexceptionshouldonlybemadewherethebenefitsofthedevelopment,atthissite,clearlyoutweighboththeimpactsthatitislikelytohaveonthefeaturesofthesitethatmakeitofspecialscientificinterestandanybroaderimpactsonthenationalnetworkofSitesofSpecialScientificInterest;
opportunitiestoincorporatebiodiversityinandarounddevelopmentsshouldbeencouraged;
planningpermissionshouldberefusedfordevelopmentresultinginthelossordeteriorationofirreplaceablehabitats,includingancientwoodlandandthelossofagedorveterantreesfoundoutsideancientwoodland,unlesstheneedfor,andbenefitsof,thedevelopmentinthatlocationclearlyoutweightheloss;and
thefollowingwildlifesitesshouldbegiventhesameprotectionasEuropeansites:–potentialSpecialProtectionAreasandpossibleSpecialAreasofConservation;–listedorproposedRamsarsites;and–sitesidentified,orrequired,ascompensatorymeasuresforadverseeffectsonEuropeansites,potentialSpecialProtectionAreas,possibleSpecialAreasofConservation,andlistedorproposedRamsarsites.”
Defra (2011). Biodiversity 2020: A Strategy For England’s Wildlife And Ecosystem Services
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/69446/pb13583-biodiversity-strategy-2020-111111.pdf
Department For Communities And Local Government (2012). National Planning Policy Framework
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/6077/2116950.pdf
Chartered Institute Of Ecology And Environmental Management (2016). Guidelines For Ecological Impact Assessment In The Uk And Ireland. Terrestrial, Freshwater And Coastal
http://www.cieem.net/data/files/Publications/EcIA_Guidelines_Terrestrial_Freshwater_and_Coastal_Jan_2016.pdf
British Standard 42020:2013 Biodiversity. Code Of Practice For Planning And Development
http://www.bsigroup.com/LocalFiles/en-GB/biodiversity/BS-42020-Smart-Guide.pdf
Joint Nature Conservation Committee (2010). Handbook For Phase 1 Habitat Survey. A Technique For Environmental Audit. Jncc, Peterborough.
http://jncc.defra.gov.uk/PDF/pub10_handbookforphase1habitatsurvey.pdf
Highways Agency (1993). Design Manual For Roads And Bridges, Volume 11 Section 3 Part 4 Ecology And Nature Conservation
http://www.standardsforhighways.co.uk/ha/standards/-Volume11,Section3
Highways Agency (2008). Design Manual For Roads And Bridges Volume 11 Section 2 Part 5 Assessment And Management Of Environmental Effects
http://www.standardsforhighways.co.uk/ha/standards/-Volume11,Section2
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Appendix D – Development Management Flow Chart
Worcestershire County Council – The Development Management Process
DEV
ELO
PMEN
T M
AN
AG
EMEN
T TE
AM
SE
CTI
ON
278
TEA
M
LOC
AL
PLA
NN
ING
AU
THO
RITY
Decision Notice Issued
Technical Submission
Registration NO
YES
Technical Response Technical Meeting
Technical Approval
Programme and Traffic Management Assessment
Legal Process
Clauses Agreed by Developer
Agreement Signed
Streetworks Permit applications
Works begin on site
TECHNICAL AUDIT (EXTERNAL)1st Audit; 40 working days, subsequent audits; 20 working days
TECHNICAL AUDIT (INTERNAL)1st Audit; 30 working days, subsequent audits; 20 working days
NO
YES
NO
YES
IF F
IRST
DES
IGN
IS A
CC
EPTE
D,
WH
OLE
PRO
CES
S IS
40
DA
YS
10 WORKING DAYS
10 WORKING DAYS
10 – 90 WORKING DAYS
If Early Technical Advice is required, contact developer to arrange.
Planning Application Received by Worcestershire County Council Development Management Team
Development Management Officer attends relevant Planning Committee
REGISTER AND ACKNOWLEDGE APPLICATION
PRE APPLICATION DISCUSSIONS
Written acceptance from the Intelligent Transport Systems Manager
NO
Forward recommendation to Local Planning Authority.
Undertake a peer review.
Commence review, liaise with Section 278 Team and to discuss Early Technical Advice
NO
IS THE APPLICATION FEE CORRECT AND / OR COMPLETED?
If information is missing, contact Local Planning Authority and/or Developer
YES
REQUEST REQUIRED INFORMATION
NO
NO
Hold internal meetings to clarify any questions or concerns from internal stakeholders.
Recommendation for Approval?
Submitted documents reviewed, entered on performance spreadsheet and sent for internal
consultation.
Does this application propose the installation of new traffic signals?
YES
Development Management officer reviews all the information received and prepares a
consolidated formal response.
Review responses to internal consultation and arrange internal meetings to clarify and
concerns as necessary.
YES
YES
SUBMIT APPLICATION
APPLICATION AND FEE CHECKED
OU
TSID
E O
F W
CC
CO
NTR
OL
Forward recommendation to Local Planning Authority.
21 D
AY
S
52
Worcestershire County Council You can contact us in the following ways:
By telephone: 01905 844887
By post: Economy and Infrastructure Directorate Worcestershire County Council, County Hall, Spetchley Road, Worcester WR5 2NP
By email: [email protected]
Online: www.worcestershire.gov.uk