strategies, marketing and social research\! final reports 2006\!6584 kab - national litter...

$: Strategies, Marketing and Social Research\! FINAL REPORTS 2006\!6584 KAB - National Litter Count\Wave 3 - November 2006\6584 - KAB National Litter Count - Report - QL D - …$
Strategies, Marketing and Social Research

Head Office: 259 Glen Osmond Rd, Frewville SA 5063 Tel: 08 8433 0200 Fax: 08 8338 2360

[email protected] www.mcgregor.com.au

Queensland Principal Supporter: Australian Government

Supporters: Governments of NT, QLD, SA, TAS, VIC, WA

On behalf of: KABNA

Based on field surveys conducted in November 2006 Project No: 6584

Date: December 2006

T:\! FINAL REPORTS 2006\!6584 KAB - National Litter Count\Wave 3 - November 2006\6584 - KAB National Litter Count - Report - QLD - Wave 3.doc

CONTENTS Section 1 Introduction ........................................................................................ 1

Residential.............................................................................................................4 Beach ....................................................................................................................4 Industrial ................................................................................................................4 Car Park ................................................................................................................5 Shopping Centre ...................................................................................................5 Retail Strip/ Shops - Street Precinct .....................................................................5 Recreational Park..................................................................................................5 Highway.................................................................................................................5

Section 2 National Trends .................................................................................. 9

2.1 At A Glance...............................................................................................10

2.2 Total Litter Items .......................................................................................14 Number of Items..................................................................................................14 Volume ................................................................................................................19 Top Dozen...........................................................................................................25

2.3 Cigarette Butts ..........................................................................................27

2.4 Light Weight Plastic Shopping Type Carry Bags .......................................31

2.5 Dispersion of Litter Across Site Types.......................................................33 Key Identifiable Items..........................................................................................38

2.6 The Dirty Dozen ........................................................................................39

Section 3 State Summary ................................................................................. 40

3.1 At A Glance...............................................................................................41

3.2 Total Litter Items .......................................................................................45 Number of Items..................................................................................................45 Volume ................................................................................................................47

3.3 Cigarette butts...........................................................................................50 Number of items..................................................................................................50 Volume ................................................................................................................52

3.4 Plastic Litter ..............................................................................................53 Number of items..................................................................................................53 Volume ................................................................................................................53

3.5 Paper/paperboard Litter ............................................................................55 Number of items..................................................................................................55 Volume ................................................................................................................55

3.6 Metal Litter ................................................................................................57 Number of items..................................................................................................57 Volume ................................................................................................................57

T:\! FINAL REPORTS 2006\!6584 KAB - National Litter Count\Wave 3 - November 2006\6584 - KAB National Litter Count - Report - QLD - Wave 3.doc

3.7 Miscellaneous ...........................................................................................59 Number of items..................................................................................................59 Volume ................................................................................................................59

3.8 Glass Items...............................................................................................60 Number of items..................................................................................................60 Volume ................................................................................................................60

3.9 Dispersion of Litter Across Site Types.......................................................61 Number of items..................................................................................................61

3.10 Volumes....................................................................................................63 Drink Containers ...................................................................................................................65 Data Summary Number of Items ..........................................................................................68 Data Summary Volumes.......................................................................................................72 Appendix 1: Data Collection Form ........................................................................................76 For enquiries on this report please contact Zing Hai Tan, Peter Hine or Benjamin Selby.

- 1 -

Section 1 Introduction

- 2 -

This document has been prepared by McGregor Tan Research to report on the results of the

National Litter Index project and in particular Queensland results.

Background

1.1 The National Litter count was conducted in NSW, QLD, SA, TAS, VIC & WA

in November 2005 and the second Monitor was conducted in May 2006.

Litter counts were conducted at 76 sites within TAS and across 151 sites

within each of the other states.

1.2 The third wave has now been conducted during November 2006.

1.3 Wave 3 incorporated litter counts for ACT and NT at the same level as TAS

(76 sites are surveyed within each state).

1.4 Regular monitoring of the litter stream will establish a succinct picture of its

component parts – i.e. the various kinds of litter and its distribution across

different area types.

1.5 All litter items counted were detailed in 6 material type categories, those

being:

• Glass

• Metal

• Plastic

• Paper / paperboard

• Miscellaneous

• Cigarette butts

1.6 The litter was further analysed by 8 different site types. In total 151sites

were selected from each state across a variety of areas conforming to

similar guidelines across all states.

- 3 -

1.7 Tasmania, The Australian Capital Territory and The Northern Territory were

each surveyed at only 76 sites. Item counts and volume result for these

states have been multiplied by a scaling factor of 1.987 to facilitate inter-

state comparisons on commensurable figures.

1.8 The following table outlines the number of metropolitan and regional sites

sampled from ACT/ NT/ TAS compared with those sampled from other

states.

Count Site Type - Other States Compared to ACT/ NT/ TAS

Other States ACT/ NT/ TAS Metro Regional Total Metro Regional Total

Residential 21 5 26 11 2 13 Beach 10 6 16 5 3 8 Industrial 13 4 17 7 2 9 Car Park 19 4 23 9 2 11 Shopping Centre 12 2 14 6 1 7 Retail 10 5 15 5 3 8 Recreational Park 7 6 13 4 3 7 Highway 17 10 27 8 5 13 Total 109 42 151 55 21 76

Proportion of Site Types

Industrial11%

Shopping Centre9%

Retail10%

Recreational Park9%

Beach11%

Residential17%

Highw ay18%

Car Park15%

- 4 -

The Litter Monitoring Approach and Definitions

1.9 The following outlines the guidelines, protocols of the dimensions of the site

types.

1.10 Different site types will have different area coverage, generally conforming

to the following guidelines. Note: the application of these guidelines allows

flexibility to accommodate the topographical and geographical nature of the

relevant area being scoped. The critical issue is that the site area must be

clear and identifiable so that the area counted is consistent over time.

1.11 Note: the National Litter Index compares between representative sites in

each state rather than the full area or population of the state.

Residential

1.12 A street area approximately 150 metres in length, along both sides of the

road from the front of the properties on each side of that road extending to

the gutter including litter in the gutter.

Beach

1.13 An area of approximately 50 metres long and 10 metres wide, positioned on

one or across both sides of a jetty, boat ramp or main entry access point to

beach.

Industrial

1.14 A street area approximately 150 metres long within an industrial area, the

count area to be from the fence line or immediate front of the properties to

the gutter but not including litter in the gutter

- 5 -

Car Park

1.15 An area of approximately 30 by 50 metres in an open space public car park

at a point distant from the entrance to the car park.

Shopping Centre

1.16 An area approximately 50 metres long and 25 metres wide, directly outside

of the main shopping centre building and including one or across both sides

of a major entrance.

Retail Strip/ Shops - Street Precinct

1.17 An area approximately 150 metres long in front of a strip of shops,

extending from the front of the shops to the street gutter but not including

litter in the gutter.

Recreational Park

1.18 An area of approximately 40 by 50 metres in a park area which includes a

playground but which is not in the immediate vicinity of a shop or kiosk. The

areas should be within a frequently used park.

Highway

1.19 The count area commences from the region beginning at the edge of the

road, and extending out from the road to the nearest fence/ boundary or up

to a distance of 10 meters out from the road side if no such fence/ boundary

exists. Two such regions should be collected from, one on each side of the

road. Each region should extend for a length of approximately 200 meters

along the road.

- 6 -

Litter Categorisation

1.20 The following outlines the litter categorisations and assumptions used to

audit the designated sites.

A standard data collection form, was used when conducting the litter

counts. A copy of this form is provided in Appendix 1.

Litter items counted are described as specifically as possible including

brand names where visible. Litter by brand required additional

analysis and will be reported on at a later date

Auditors were trained to carefully analyse the litter to ensure that it is

properly identified before recording on the survey form. For example,

to determine whether an item is glass and not clear plastic, to

differentiate between fruit juice and fruit drink as these are recorded

on different sections of the form.

Other examples of how the count is conducted are - broken bottles

are counted as one bottle, a bag of dumped garbage is considered to

be one item of “illegal dumping” and scattered newspaper pages are

counted as one newspaper. While individual cigarette butts are

counted, where there are large volumes of cigarette butts an

estimated count is acceptable.

For the purpose of the Litter Count, all waste located within any count

site is litter apart from that properly disposed of in a waste receptacle.

Food is not considered to be litter.

Seasonal Fluctuations

1.21 Reviewing the quarterly data in South Australia, from November 1998

through to current, displays some seasonal factors impact on the level of

litter. It appears that May is in general the highest quarter, the drop

occurring from May to August, and incremental increases to November,

February and with the peak in May. This open up several hypotheses to

factors effecting littering levels.

- 7 -

Volumes

1.22 As part of the exercise an estimate of the volume of the litter counted in the

National Index has been made. We have been able to determine the

individual volumetric profile of specific item types through extensive

empirical and iterative observations and measurement of historical litter data

in SA. In order to reflect a more realistic scenario, the final volumetric

profiles formulated for each litter category item, took into account that a

certain proportion of items found would be crushed and weathered.

1.23 These profiles have then been extrapolated to calculate estimated volumes

of the national data based on the numbers of litter items per category. It

should be noted that the volumes are estimates only.

Methodology

1.24 On the 15th of November 2006, across South Australia, New South Wales,

Victoria, Western Australia, Tasmania and Queensland, McGregor Tan staff

counted litter in the same 151 (Tasmania 76) respective sites in each state

which had been counted in previous counts. Further The Northern Territory

and The Australian Capital Territory have been included for the first time,

with 76 sites in each Territory scoped prior to the count in November 2006

to fit the national site guidelines.

1.25 Many of the Auditors that completed the first count were involved in

subsequent counts. The Auditors were all trained in the correct counting

procedure before each litter count and were provided with a detailed site

description for each site type. Each site description contains the following

information:

• Location

• Classification

• Site Code

• Description and Features comprising text (describing visible features

for easy identification), photos and maps

- 8 -

• Litter Count Procedure (describing area for counting)

Note: the National Litter Index compares between representative sites in


1.26 Auditors then used the comprehensive litter count forms to record the litter

found in the site area, in the appropriate category.

1.27 To enable meaningful comparisons with the other states in the national

trends section of the report, Tasmania, The Northern Territory and The

Australian Capital Territory, the 76 sites counted in each of these states and

territories have been re-weighted to an equivalence of 151 sites.

- 9 -

Section 2 National Trends

- 10 -

The following Executive Summary covers the findings of the Wave 3 litter count, as an overall

summary.

2.1 At A Glance

In general, there was a decrease in the level of litter items found in sites

around Australia. The decrease is reflected across the board but is

particularly pronounced in the cigarette butts material category. The ‘dirty

dozen’, represents 78% of the litter stream (down from 80% in Wave 2).

Over the two Waves, lollipop sticks and shopper dockets and related

shopping paper have gone out of the top dozen, being replaced by other

glass, and beer aluminium, all types all sizes.

Nationally, November litter is down 14% from May. This is in line with

seasonal patterns - but is still higher than in November 2005.

Highways remain the most significant catchment area with 32% of the

number of items found and 49% of the volume of litter. Car parks and

industrial sites remain major litter catchment areas.

In the current Wave, despite the decrease in the number of items, the

average estimated volume increased, totalling 2.126 cubic metres, up from

1.997 cubic metres in Wave 2. Illegal dumping remains the top item

contributing 31% to the total Wave 3 average volume of litter encountered

across all states and territories (the Wave 3 average totalling 0.653 cubic

metres up from the Wave 2 average of 0.428 cubic metres). Miscellaneous

33% (includes illegal dumping), plastic 31%, and paper 18%, litter comprise

the majority of the volume of litter in Wave 3.

Volume of data is up by 7% reflecting an increase in illegal dumping.

The following table shows each items movement from Wave 1 to Wave 3.

- 11 -

Number of Items by Item Type

National Average Wave 3 Average Wave 2 Average Wave 1Change from Wave 2

Type Litter Category Wave 3 Novemer 2006 Wave 2 May 2006 Wave 1 November 2005GLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), 1 litre+ 2 4 6 -2GLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre 5 4 6 1GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 2 6 2 -4GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 15 20 17 -4GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 3 5 2 -1GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre 8 14 10 -6GLASS Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 1 1 1 -1GLASS Fruit juice, < 1 litre 4 8 6 -3GLASS Wine cooler, all sizes 3 1 1 2GLASS Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes 20 16 25 4GLASS Cider/fruit based etc. 2 2 3 0GLASS Wine & spirit, all sizes 9 11 4 -2GLASS Beer, 750ml or more, all colours of glass 28 26 24 3GLASS Beer, < 750ml, all colours of glass 95 113 117 -18GLASS Other glass 263 169 65 94GLASS Total 461 398 291 63METAL Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes 200 155 146 45METAL Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers 95 77 66 18METAL Cider/fruit based etc. 6 2 1 4METAL Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink 152 119 130 33METAL Water, non-carbonated & flavoured, all sizes 3 4 3 0METAL Food cans (including pet food) 12 21 16 -9METAL Industrial cans - all types 4 3 5 0METAL Aerosols – pressure packs 5 10 7 -5METAL Metal bottle tops and can pull rings 479 529 344 -50METAL Metal pieces 134 115 113 19METAL Foil take away 40 79 70 -39METAL Other foil 246 210 184 36METAL Total 1376 1324 1084 51

- 12 -


Type Litter Category Wave 3 Novemer 2006 Wave 2 May 2006 Wave 1 November 2005PLASTIC White milk, all sizes 8 6 5 3PLASTIC Flav. milk, 1 litre or more 3 4 5 -1PLASTIC Flav. milk, < 1 litre 39 50 40 -11PLASTIC Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 3 4 6 0PLASTIC Fruit juice< 1 litre 15 25 22 -10PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) 1 litre+ 8 14 19 -6PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre 52 62 57 -10PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 31 34 34 -3PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 113 116 124 -3PLASTIC Flav. wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+ 11 12 12 0PLASTIC Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre 32 32 15 0PLASTIC Containers, industrial e.g. oil 7 6 8 0PLASTIC Containers, domestic type 21 19 24 3PLASTIC Bags - light weight carry bags 123 128 109 -6PLASTIC Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags 23 23 12 0PLASTIC Sacks - sheeting - other bags 58 90 55 -32PLASTIC Wine cask bladders 3 6 2 -2PLASTIC Straws 330 356 260 -26PLASTIC 6 ring can holders 22 30 21 -8PLASTIC Snack bags and confectionery wrappers (plastic) 517 928 616 -410PLASTIC Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc 80 90 54 -10PLASTIC Packing tape & straps 187 125 104 62PLASTIC Take away & cups (plastic) 167 192 178 -25PLASTIC Plastic bottle tops 350 391 272 -42PLASTIC Bread bag tags 44 48 37 -5PLASTIC Lollipop sticks 140 199 111 -59PLASTIC Spoons/ cutlery 81 70 51 10PLASTIC Drink pouches 14 11 5 3PLASTIC All other plastic 781 675 572 106PLASTIC Total 3263 3746 2830 -483

- 13 -


Type Litter Category Wave 3 Novemer 2006 Wave 2 May 2006 Wave 1 November 2005PAPER/PAPERBOARD Packages & boxes 121 122 127 -2PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cigarette packets 209 268 218 -59PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, milk, plain (white) all sizes 9 8 5 1PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk1 litre or more 3 5 8 -1PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk< 1 litre 57 65 73 -8PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water / fruit j. drink/ sports drink, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 2 4 2 -2PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre 8 23 10 -15PAPER/PAPERBOARD Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 1 1 2 1PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre 9 10 8 -1PAPER/PAPERBOARD Newspapers & magazines 75 81 75 -5PAPER/PAPERBOARD Junk mail / free circulars 123 107 91 16PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cups/take away containers (paper) 198 233 201 -35PAPER/PAPERBOARD Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. 137 185 142 -48PAPER/PAPERBOARD Ice cream wrappers 94 108 89 -13PAPER/PAPERBOARD Paper bags 121 148 111 -27PAPER/PAPERBOARD Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) 144 198 117 -54PAPER/PAPERBOARD Other paper (including tissues) 1327 1562 1200 -235PAPER/PAPERBOARD Total 2639 3126 2479 -487MISCELLANEOUS Tyres & pieces 60 41 41 19MISCELLANEOUS Clothing & materials 157 142 147 14MISCELLANEOUS Illegal dumping 27 18 17 9MISCELLANEOUS Syringes 6 1 0 5MISCELLANEOUS Ice cream sticks 94 97 76 -3MISCELLANEOUS Rubber pieces (not tyres) 110 103 87 7MISCELLANEOUS Condoms 3 3 2 0MISCELLANEOUS Construction materials 77 90 73 -13MISCELLANEOUS Disposable nappies 9 10 4 -1MISCELLANEOUS Other miscellaneous 96 132 103 -37MISCELLANEOUS Total 639 636 549 3CIGARETTE BUTTS Total Cigarette butts 7314 8965 6279 -1652

Grand Total 15691 18196 13512 -2505

- 14 -

2.2 Total Litter Items

Number of Items

Note: the National Litter Index compares between representative sites in


In total, 105,484 litter items were counted in Wave 3 down from 109,175,

despite for the first time the Northern Territory and the Australian Capital

Territory also being included. The average per State was 15,691 (down from

18,196 in Wave 2). Cigarette butts accounted for almost half of the total

number of litter items with 48,698 counted (down from 53,791 in Wave 2),

an average of 7,314 per state (47%). Plastic was the next highest category

(21%, as in previous Waves) followed by paper/ paperboard (17%, as in

Wave 2).

Wave 3 Average Material Category of Items

Glass, 3% Metal, 9%

Plastic, 21%

Paper/ paperboard, 17%

Miscellaneous, 4%

Cigarette butts, 47%

The distribution of litter by material categories was relatively consistent, as

the graph overleaf outlines.

- 15 -

Average Distribution of Litter Items by Material Type

47% 21%

18%

17%

17%

8%

7%

9%

4%

3%

4%

2%

2%

3%

49%

46%

21%

21%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Wave 1

Wave 2

Wave 3

Averages include weighted NT, ACT & TAS count

Cigarette butts Plastic Paper/ paperboards Metal Miscellaneous Glass

The graph below represents the proportion of items in each material type

across each state for Wave 3.

Total Average Number of Items by Material Type Wave 3

2%

6%

2%

3%

2%

2%

6%

2%

3%

7%

6%

12%

9%

8%

7%

11%

9%

9%

19%

19%

22%

22%

25%

25%

18%

18%

21%

18%

21%

13%

18%

18%

14%

19%

14%

17%

4%

4%

4%

5%

6%

4%

3%

3%

4% 47%

54%

44%

48%

42%

43%

47%

44%

50%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NT

NSW

ACT

Average Wave 3

% of total litter items counted within each state

Glass Metal Plastic Paper/ paperboard Miscellaneous Cigarette butts

- 16 -

The number of litter items counted across each site is shown in the following

graph. As the graph shows, the average declined, and therefore only two

states recorded an increase, while two experiences significant reductions in

litter found at the states’ respective sites.

Victoria showed a slight increase in the number of items found at sites

within that state, whilst New South Wales and Queensland showed dramatic

reductions in the number litter items counted during Wave 3 compared to

Wave 2.

Total Litter Items

16217

22503

9976

15429

16633

14943

14391

15436

15691

15232

20414

10632

15889

25820

21188

18196

12919

13669

12787

13564

14014

14120

13512

0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NT

NSW

ACT

Average

Average includes a weighted NT, ACT & TAS count

Wave 3 Wave 2 Wave 1

The charts overleaf outline the material break down for each state. The first

graph represents the break down for Wave 1. Comparing the three charts, it

is evident the main decreases have been in cigarette butts, and to a lesser

extent, paper/ paperboard and plastic.

- 17 -

Items by MaterialState Comparison Wave 1

291

549

1084

2479

2830

6279

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000


Average includes a weighted Tasmania count

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NSW

Average Wave 1

Items by Material State Comparison Wave 2

3986361324

3126

3746

8965

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000


WAVICTASSAQLDNSWAverage Wave 2

Items by Material State Comparison Wave 3

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

Cigarette butts Plastic Paper/ paperboard Metal Miscellaneous Glass

WAVICTASSAQLDNTNSWACTAverage Wave 3

- 18 -

Viewing the top dozen items shows the items most frequently not disposed

of correctly included cigarette butts, other paper (including tissues), all other

plastic, snack bags and confectionery wrappers, metal bottle tops and can

pull rings, plastic bottle tops, straws, other glass, other foil, cigarette

packets, beer aluminium all types all sizes, paper cups/ take away

containers.

Top Dozen Number of Litter Items

198

200

209

246

263

330

350

479

517

781

1327

7314

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000

Cups/take away containers (paper)

Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes

Cigarette packets

Other foil

Other glass

Straws

Plastic bottle tops

Metal bottle tops and can pull rings

Snack bags and confectionerywrappers (plastic)

All other plastic

Other paper (including tissues)

Cigarette butts

Items counted

Average Wave 3ACTNSWNTQLDSATASVICWA

- 19 -

Volume

The total volume average across all states for Wave 3 amounted to 2.126

cubic metres (compared to 1.977 m3 in Wave 2). The most voluminous of

the litter categories was miscellaneous accounting for a third (33%) of the

total volume. Illegal dumping is the main contributor in the miscellaneous

category, alone accounting for 31% of the Wave 3 average total volume.

Following, plastic accounted for 31%, paper/ paperboard 18%, metal 12%,

glass 6% of the total volume of the litter counted, and finally, cigarette butts

remained at less than 1%.

Wave 3 Average Volume by Material Type

Metal, 12%

Paper/ paperboards,

18%

Miscellaneous (mainly illegal

dumping), 33%

Glass, 6%

Plastic, 31%

Cigarette butts, <1%

The movement of the volume distribution of litter by material categories,

shows increases in miscellaneous (33%, compared to 25% in Wave 2),

plastic (31% compared to 24% in Wave 2), while paper/ paperboard has

decreased in the litter stream (18%, compared to 33% in Wave 2), as the

following graph outlines.

- 20 -

Average Distribution of Litter Volume by Material Type

21%

33%

18%

23%

25%

33%

38%

24%

31% 12% 6%

12%

12%

39%

7%

<1%

<1%

<1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Average Wave 1

Average Wave 2

Average Wave 3

Averages include a weighted NT, ACT & TAS count

Paper/ paperboards Miscellaneous (mainly illegal dumping) Plastic Metal Glass Cigarette butts

The graph overleaf represents the total volume of litter across each state for

each Wave.

Total Litter Volume by StateWave Comparison

2.006

1.833

1.114

1.678

1.436

3.541

1.935

2.039

1.933

0.925

1.891

1.993

3.082

1.977

2.406

2.479

1.142

3.206

1.536

1.470

3.145

1.625

2.126

0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500 3.000 3.500 4.000

WA

VIC

TAS (weighted)

SA

QLD

NT (weighted)

NSW

ACT (weighted)

Average

Average includes a weighted NT, ACT & TAS

count

m3


- 21 -

The graph below represents the proportion of volume items in each material

type across each state for Wave 3.

- 22 -

Wave 3 Average Volumes by Material Type

8%

7%

6%

2%

5%

8%

4%

6%

6%

14%

19%

14%

5%

13%

4%

17%

12%

21%

24%

16%

11%

26%

22%

14%

17%

18%

34%

18%

45%

21%

50%

25%

29%

45%

31%

22%

31%

18%

61%

6%

24%

49%

13%

33%

22%

<1%

<1%

<1%

<1%

<1%

<1%

<1%

<1%

<1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

WA

VIC

TAS (weighted)

SA

QLD

NT (weighted)

NSW

ACT (weighted)

Average

% of total volume within each state

Glass Metal Paper/ paperboards Plastic Miscellaneous (mainly illegal dumping) Cigarette butts

- 23 -

The charts overleaf outline the litter volume material break down for each

state for each Wave. The first graph represents the break down for Wave 1

and so on. Comparing the charts, it is apparent that the average volume has

decreased for metal and glass litter, but has increased in miscellaneous,

plastic and paper/ paperboard.

- 24 -

Litter Volume by MaterialState Comparison Wave 1

0.000

0.124

0.227

0.3990.440

0.744

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

Plastic Miscellaneous Paper/ paperboards Metal Glass Cigarette butts


m3

WA

VIC

TAS(weighted)SA

QLD

NSW

Average


0.2370.140

0.000

0.649

0.4850.466

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.600

1.800



m3

WA

VIC

TAS(weighted)SA

QLD

NSW

AverageWave 2


0.6570.709

0.2570.117

0.000

0.385

0.000

0.200

0.400

0.600

0.800

1.000

1.200

1.400

1.600

1.800

2.000



m3

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NT

NSW

ACT

Average

- 25 -

Top Dozen

The top dozen litter items in terms of volume again identified illegal dumping

as the main culprit. Six of these items are drink containers, two of these

items also feature in the top dozen litter items, being paper cups/take away

containers and cigarette packets.

The following table lists dirty dozen litter items by count and volume. Items

in red represent new entries to the list which were not present in the

previous Wave.

Top Dozen Litter Items Top Dozen Litter Items by VolumeCigarette butts Illegal dumpingOther paper (including tissues) Containers, domestic type (plastic)All other plastic Containers, industrial e.g. oil (plastic)Snack bags and confectionery wrappers (plastic) Cups/take away containers (paper)Metal bottle tops and can pull rings Newspapers & magazinesPlastic bottle tops Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizesStraws Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre (plastic)Other glass Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink (metal)Other foil Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers (metal)Cigarette packets Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ (plastic)Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes Beer, < 750ml, all colours of glassCups/take away containers (paper) Cigarette packets

- 26 -

Top Dozen Litter Items by VolumeWave 3

0.00 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 2.00

Cigarette packets

Beer, < 750ml, all coloursof glass

Flav. water/soft drink(carbonated) 1 litre+

(plastic)

Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers (metal)

Water, carbonated &flavoured/soft drink

(metal)

Flav. water/soft drink(carbonated) <1 litre

(plastic)

Beer, aluminium, alltypes, all sizes

Newspapers &magazines

Cups/take awaycontainers (paper)

Containers, industrial e.g.oil (plastic)

Containers, domestictype (plastic)

Illegal dumping

Average includes a weighted NT, ACT &

TAS count

m3

Average

ACT

NSW

NT

QLD

SA

TAS

VIC

WA

- 27 -

2.3 Cigarette Butts

On average in Wave 3 almost half (47%, compared to 49% in Wave 2) of

the litter items counted were cigarette butts. Western Australia and South

Australia have the lowest proportion of cigarette butts in their litter stream

(43% and 42% respectively), whilst NT and NSW also show relatively low

proportions of cigarette butts within the litter stream (44% of the items

counted within each state were cigarette butts). However, the proportion of

total litter items represented by cigarette butts in ACT (54%) was higher

than for any other state.

Proportion of Cigarette butts in Litter Stream Wave 3

42%

53%

49%

38%

48%

48%

46%

53%

50%

42%

43%

52%

51%

49%

43%

47%

48%

42%

50%

44%

44%

54%

47%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NT

NSW

ACT

Average

% of total litter items counted within each state

Cigarette butts Wave 1 Cigarette butts Wave 2 Cigarette butts Wave 3

The graph overleaf represents the distribution of cigarette butts across site

locations. This displays how the Australian Capital Territory, New South

Wales and the Northern Territory have a high proportion of their cigarette

butts counted at highways, whereas in Victoria and Western Australia, car

parks, retail and industrial sites are heavier in terms of butts.

- 28 -

Cigarette butts by Site Type Wave 3

12%

11%

27%

23%

25%

35%

35%

39%

17%

27%

25%

19%

26%

21%

19%

15%

13%

28%

27%

26%

21%

22%

4%

10%

4%

5%

8%

7%

5%

6%

5%

7%

6%

8%

2%

10%

6%

7%

2%

2%

2%

5%

5%

5%

19%

16%

11%

10%

14%

9%

5%

2%

13%

13%

11%

12%

9%

14%

11%

4%

19%

10%

15%

13%

10%

11%

17%

15%

9%

21%

19%

10%

11%

8%

16%

11%

14%

10%

10%

4%

3%

7%

3%

4%

2%

5%

6%

6%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NT

NSW

ACT

Average Wave 1

Average Wave 2

Average Wave 3

% of total cigarette butts within each state

Highway Car Park Residential Beach Industrial Shopping Centre Retail Recreational Park

- 29 -

As the following graph demonstrates, the distribution of cigarette butts

across sites was similar to Wave 2.

Cigarette butts Dispersion by Site TypeWave Comparison

17%

27%

25%

26%

21%

13%

13%

11%

16%

11%

14%

13%

10%

11%

5%

7%

6%

5%

6%

6%

5%

5%

5%22%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Average Wave 1

Average Wave 2

Average Wave 3


Highway Car Park Industrial RetailShopping Centre Residential Recreational Park Beach

- 30 -

The following graph shows, in real figures, the decrease in the number of

cigarette butts is most pronounced at highways. Car parks and industrial

have also decreased substantially.

Cigarette butts Dispersion by Site TypeWave Comparison

1091

2458

1836

1642

1853

826

1144

813

975

1024

1029

798

860

823

340

596

472

295

539

422

313

491

3391578

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Average Wave 1

Average Wave 2

Average Wave 3


Highway Car Park Industrial RetailShopping Centre Residential Recreational Park Beach

- 31 -

2.4 Light Weight Plastic Shopping Type Carry Bags

The number of light weight plastic shopping type carry bags found in the

litter stream has overall marginally decreased. The following graph shows

that highways contain the largest number of these types of bags.

Bags - Number of Light Weight Plastic Shopping Type Carry Bag Itemsin the Litter Stream by Site Type

8 11 15 157 4 6

43

109

13 13 17 165 4 8

50

916 13

19

3 49

33

107

128

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

Residenti

al

Beach

Indus

trial

Car Park

Shopp

ing C

entre

Retail

Recreati

onal P

ark

Highway

Grand Tota

l

Average includes a weighted NT, ACT & TAS countAverage Wave 1 Average Wave 2 Average Wave 3

- 32 -

The following graph represents light weight plastic shopping type carry bags

as a proportion of the plastic litter stream (items).

As the graph shows, these light weight plastic shopping type carry bags

comprise 3% of the total plastic items counted (unchanged from Wave 2).

As the following graph highlights, beaches were where these bags made up

the greatest proportion of the plastic litter item stream.

Bags - Proportion of Light Weight Plastic Shopping Type Carry Bag Itemsin Plastic Litter Stream by Site Type

3%

4%4%

4%

6%

3%

2%

4%4%

3%

5%

3%4%

2% 2%

4%3%

6%

2%

4%

2%2% 2%

3%3%3%

3%

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

Residential Beach Industrial Car Park ShoppingCentre

Retail RecreationalPark

Highw ay Grand Total


Average Wave 1 Average Wave 2 Average Wave 3

- 33 -

2.5 Dispersion of Litter Across Site Types

The litter was counted across differing land areas, designed to capture a

good representation of areas throughout the state.

Highways formed the major catchment sites of the total litter stream,

containing 32% of all litter items, and 49% of the total volume of litter. The

average dispersion of litter amongst the varying site types in descending

order of contribution to the total litter stream, was as follows:

Highways (items 32%, volume 49%)

Car Park (17%, volume 13%)

Industrial (items 12%, volume 16%)

Retail (items 9%, volume 2%)

Residential (items 8%, volume 9%)

Shopping Centre (items 8%, volume 2%)

Recreational Park (items 7%, volume 4%)

Beach (items 6%, volume 5%)

As the following graphs illustrate, the dispersion of litter by site type is

relatively consistent over both the litter items and the litter volume across

Waves.

Proportion of Litter by Site Type

9%

3%

5%

4%

6%

7%

7%

10%

3%

2%

10%

8%

9%

11%

5%

4%

5%

6%

7%

6%

17%

7%

7%

9%

7%

8%

8%

9%

3%

2%

2%

8%

7%

8%

15%

12%

13%

13%

20%

18%

17%

11%

20%

19%

16%

15%

15%

12%

18%

47%

47%

49%

27%

30%

32%

2%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Site dispersion

Total Volume Dispersion Average Wave 1



Total Litter Item Dispersion Wave 1



Averages include a w eighted NT, ACT & TAS count

Recreational Park Retail Beach Residential Shopping Centre Car Park Industrial Highway

- 34 -

The following graph outlines the proportion of litter items by site type. There

are variations on a state to state basis. For example, Victoria has a smaller

proportion of its litter in highways, compared to the other states/ or the

average, however, it has a greater proportion found in car parks. On the

other hand, The Australian Capital Territory had a higher proportion of litter

found at highways, and a smaller proportion found at industrial sites.

- 35 -

Proportion of Litter by Site Type Wave 3

7%

8%

5%

7%

10%

13%

10%

8%

8%

7%

4%

13%

5%

7%

5%

4%

1%

6%

14%

16%

13%

16%

16%

9%

9%

6%

12%

15%

26%

17%

14%

12%

16%

21%

18%

17%

8%

9%

11%

7%

3%

12%

7%

10%

8%

9%

13%

8%

12%

12%

8%

7%

7%

9%

10%

13%

5%

5%

7%

4%

6%

4%

7%

30%

11%

29%

35%

33%

34%

36%

46%

32%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NT

NSW

ACT

Average Wave 3

% of total litter within each state

Residential Beach Industrial Car Park Shopping Centre Retail Recreational Park Highway

- 36 -

The following graph outlines the proportion of litter volume by site type for

each state.

- 37 -

Proportion of Litter Volume by Site TypeWave 3

12%

8%

2%

4%

9%

19%

15%

8%

9%

3%

4%

9%

2%

5%

10%

5%

0%

5%

9%

17%

11%

28%

27%

6%

10%

17%

16%

6%

21%

19%

4%

4%

26%

26%

2%

13%

1%

4%

1%

3%

1%

2%

2%

0%

2%

3%

14%

3%

2%

2%

2%

2%

3%

4%

0%

5%

1%

5%

1%

3%

1%

2%

68%

49%

40%

59%

32%

30%

65%

47%

53%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

WA

VIC

TAS

SA

QLD

NT

NSW

ACT

Average Wave 3

% of litter volume within each state


- 38 -

Key Identifiable Items

Tracking several of the key offending items, it is apparent that a high

proportion of snack bags and confectionery wrappers are abandoned at

highways. Metal bottle tops and can pull rings are most prevalent in car

parks. Straws were mainly found at highways and car parks. Plastic bottle

tops were most commonly found at highways and car parks. The greatest

proportion of cigarette packets were found in highways. Several drink

container items were grouped into one category to analyse where these

items are located. The table below outlines these items. Drink containers

were found most prevalent at highways, industrial and car park locations.

Location of Common Litter Items Wave 3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%


Snack bags and confectionery wrappers Metal bottle tops and can pull rings Straws Plastic bottle tops Cigarette packets Drink Containers

Res

iden

tial

Bea

ch

Indu

stria

l

Car

Par

k

Shop

ping

C

entr

e

Ret

ail

Rec

reat

iona

l Pa

rk

Hig

hway

Grand Total

1 Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 1 52 Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 0 0 3 2 0 0 1 8 153 Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre 1 0 1 3 0 0 0 3 84 Fruit juice, < 1 litre 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 1 45 Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes 2 1 2 4 0 1 1 10 206 Cider/fruit based etc. (glass) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 27 Beer, < 750ml, all colours of glass 7 6 13 12 1 1 3 52 958 Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes 12 14 31 38 5 10 11 78 2009 Cider/fruit based etc. (metal) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 6

10 Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink 16 3 29 11 4 2 6 80 15211 Water, non-carbonated & flavoured, all sizes 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 312 Flav. milk, < 1 litre 1 1 6 2 1 1 0 27 3913 Fruit juice< 1 litre 2 1 2 1 0 1 1 6 1514 Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre 4 3 11 7 1 1 3 22 5215 Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 7 8 16 8 5 2 4 64 11316 Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre 3 1 7 5 1 1 3 12 3217 Cartons, flavoured milk< 1 litre 4 1 6 8 1 0 3 34 5718 Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 819 Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 4 9

Drink Containers 62 41 132 106 20 21 40 415 8367% 5% 16% 13% 2% 3% 5% 50% 100%

- 39 -

2.6 The Dirty Dozen

The average top dozen items accounted for 78% of the litter counted in

Wave 3, 80% in Wave 2 and 78% in Wave 1. Below is a brief ranked

comparison between the twelve most dirty litter items in 2006 and 2005

data.

Rank Top Dozen Litter Items Wave 3 2006 Top Dozen Litter Items Wave 2 2006 Top Dozen Wave 1 20051 Cigarette butts Cigarette butts Cigarette butts2 Other paper (including tissues) Other paper (including tissues) Other paper (including tissues)3 All other plastic Snack bags and confectionery wrappers (plastic) All other plastic 4 Snack bags and confectionery wrappers (plastic) All other plastic Snack bags and confectionery wrappers5 Metal bottle tops and can pull rings Metal bottle tops and can pull rings Metal bottle tops and can pull rings

6 Plastic bottle tops Plastic bottle tops Plastic bottle tops

7 Straws Straws Straws8 Other glass Cigarette packets Cigarette packets9 Other foil Cups/take away containers (paper) Other foil10 Cigarette packets Other foil Cups/take away containers (paper)11 Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes Lollipop sticks Clothing & materials12 Cups/take away containers (paper) Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) Take away & cups (plastic)

*Note green text represents new items to the top dozen, while red text represents items that have subsequently dropped off the top dozen

Over the most recent two Waves, it is apparent that lollipop sticks (currently

18th) and shopper dockets and related shopping paper (e.g. lists) (currently

ranked 17th) are out of the top dozen and coming into the top dozen were

other glass and beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes (respectively these

items were previously ranked 15th and 16th in Wave 2).

However, cigarette butts clearly remain the major item, accounting for

almost half of all items in the litter stream.

In terms of sites types, highways remain the main site type, where there is

the most litter (32%, compared to 30% in Wave 2).

- 40 -

Section 3 State Summary

- 41 -

The following summary covers the findings of the Wave 3 litter count, conducted in QLD.

3.1 At A Glance

Queensland recorded an overall decrease in litter items, 16,633 down from

25,820. Main decreases were in the following categories:

• Cigarette butts 8,373, down from 13,525 items

• Plastic 3,233, down from 5,097 items

• Paper 3,007, down from 4,753 items

Three quarters (78%) of the litter found at retail sites was cigarette butts.

The top three site types overall for litter were:

• Highways (33%, volume 55%)

• Industrial (16%, volume 23%)

• Car park (12%, volume 5%)

• Retail (12%, volume 1%)

In the current Wave, there was 1.536 cubic metres of litter volume,

compared to 1.993 cubic metres in Wave 2. The main components of the

volume were plastic 50%, paper 26%. and metal 13%.

The following table shows each items movement from Wave 1 through to

Wave 3.

- 42 -

Number of Items by Item Type

Type Litter Category Wave 3 November 2006

Wave 2 May 2006

Wave 1 November 2005

Change from Wave 2 to Wave 3

GLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), 1 litre+ 1 0 0 1GLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre 3 0 6 3GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 0 2 1 -2GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 13 10 13 3GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0 2 6 -2GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre 5 1 6 4GLASS Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0 0 0 0GLASS Fruit juice, < 1 litre 1 1 4 0GLASS Wine cooler, all sizes 4 0 2 4GLASS Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes 22 26 24 -4GLASS Cider/fruit based etc. 0 0 1 0GLASS Wine & spirit, all sizes 2 9 5 -7GLASS Beer, 750ml or more, all colours of glass 25 7 15 18GLASS Beer, < 750ml, all colours of glass 74 81 64 -7GLASS Other glass 103 134 37 -31GLASS Total 253 273 184 -20METAL Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes 57 54 65 3METAL Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers 97 139 66 -42METAL Cider/fruit based etc. 2 1 0 1METAL Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink 197 210 170 -13METAL Water, non-carbonated & flavoured, all sizes 1 0 5 1METAL Food cans (including pet food) 7 10 8 -3METAL Industrial cans - all types 2 0 3 2METAL Aerosols – pressure packs 1 3 4 -2METAL Metal bottle tops and can pull rings 272 457 274 -185METAL Metal pieces 103 101 68 2METAL Foil take away 34 35 39 -1METAL Other foil 315 435 316 -120METAL Total 1088 1445 1018 -357

- 43 -


Wave 2 May 2006



PLASTIC White milk, all sizes 6 7 6 -1PLASTIC Flav. milk, 1 litre or more 10 5 7 5PLASTIC Flav. milk, < 1 litre 97 135 100 -38PLASTIC Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 1 8 3 -7PLASTIC Fruit juice< 1 litre 16 48 38 -32PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) 1 litre+ 15 29 26 -14PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre 68 69 58 -1PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 42 62 43 -20PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 139 191 100 -52PLASTIC Flav. wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+ 10 8 15 2PLASTIC Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre 37 40 19 -3PLASTIC Containers, industrial e.g. oil 6 11 5 -5PLASTIC Containers, domestic type 26 25 23 1PLASTIC Bags - light weight plastic shopping type carry bags 60 76 56 -16PLASTIC Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags 25 21 25 4PLASTIC Sacks - sheeting - other bags 67 161 84 -94PLASTIC Wine cask bladders 2 0 0 2PLASTIC Straws 287 363 304 -76PLASTIC 6 ring can holders 8 5 13 3PLASTIC Snack bags and confectionery wrappers (plastic) 530 1176 729 -646PLASTIC Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc 91 160 63 -69PLASTIC Packing tape & straps 169 192 114 -23PLASTIC Take away & cups (plastic) 138 192 172 -54PLASTIC Plastic bottle tops 274 421 239 -147PLASTIC Bread bag tags 35 53 38 -18PLASTIC Lollipop sticks 84 134 123 -50PLASTIC Spoons/ cutlery 62 67 45 -5PLASTIC Drink pouches 9 1 6 8PLASTIC All other plastic 919 1437 687 -518PLASTIC Total 3233 5097 3141 -1864

- 44 -


Wave 2 May 2006



PAPER/PAPERBOARD Packages & boxes 88 96 91 -8PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cigarette packets 197 247 197 -50PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, milk, plain (white) all sizes 6 8 4 -2PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk1 litre or more 0 3 4 -3PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk< 1 litre 41 63 43 -22PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water / fruit j. drink/ sports drink, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0 1 1 -1PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre 7 19 16 -12PAPER/PAPERBOARD Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0 1 0 -1PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre 6 8 8 -2PAPER/PAPERBOARD Newspapers & magazines 99 129 82 -30PAPER/PAPERBOARD Junk mail / free circulars 105 76 96 29PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cups/take away containers (paper) 228 316 173 -88PAPER/PAPERBOARD Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. 46 125 120 -79PAPER/PAPERBOARD Ice cream wrappers 66 143 134 -77PAPER/PAPERBOARD Paper bags 114 164 115 -50PAPER/PAPERBOARD Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) 93 216 87 -123PAPER/PAPERBOARD Other paper (including tissues) 1911 3138 1351 -1227PAPER/PAPERBOARD Total 3007 4753 2522 -1746MISCELLANEOUS Tyres & pieces 70 71 35 -1MISCELLANEOUS Clothing & materials 131 185 94 -54MISCELLANEOUS Illegal dumping 2 4 3 -2MISCELLANEOUS Syringes 1 0 0 1MISCELLANEOUS Ice cream sticks 60 60 65 0MISCELLANEOUS Rubber pieces (not tyres) 114 202 74 -88MISCELLANEOUS Condoms 2 1 1 1MISCELLANEOUS Construction materials 58 52 60 6MISCELLANEOUS Disposable nappies 3 1 2 2MISCELLANEOUS Other miscellaneous 238 151 55 87MISCELLANEOUS Total 679 727 389 -48CIGARETTE BUTTS Total Cigarette butts 8373 13525 6760 -5152

Grand Total 16633 25820 14014 -9187

- 45 -

3.2 Total Litter Items

Number of Items

In total, 16,633 litter items were counted in Wave 3, down significantly from

the 25,820 counted in Wave 2. Cigarette butts formed half (50%, down from

52% in Wave 2) of the number of litter items counted in Queensland. In the

litter stream there were also significant levels of plastic (19%, down from

20% in Wave 2) and paper/ paperboard (18% unchanged from Wave 2).

Proportion of Total Litter by Material Type

Glass2%

Metal7%

Plastic19%

Paper/ paperboard18%Miscellaneous

4%

Cigarette butts50%

The graph overleaf represents the litter items by material category. As the

graph displays, the decrease is most pronounced in cigarette butts.

Significant decreases are also seen in plastic and paper/ paperboard. Other

material categories recorded marginal decreases.

- 46 -

Comparison of Number of Items by Litter Category

1841018

31412522

389

6760

273

1445

5097 4753

727

13525

2531088

3233 3007

679

8373

0

2000

4000

6000

8000

10000

12000

14000

16000

GLASS To

tal

METAL Tota

l

PLASTIC

Total

PAPER/PAPERBOARD Tota

l

MISCELLANEOUS To

tal

CIGARETT

E BUTTS Total


Cigarette butts accounted for the largest proportion of litter items with 8,373

counted down from 13,525. The next highest individual items were other

paper (including tissues) 1,911 (down from 3,138 in Wave 2), all other

plastic 919 (down from 1,437 in Wave 2), snack bags and confectionery

wrappers 530 (down from 1,176 in Wave 2) and other foil 315 (down from

435 in Wave 2), as the graph displays.

- 47 -

Top 20 Litter Items Counted- Queensland-

101

76

164

202

185

192

191

192

210

247

316

151

457

421

363

435

1176

1437

3138

13525

103

105

114

114

131

138

139

169

197

197

228

238

272

274

287

315

530

919

1911

8373

68

96

115

74

94

172

100

114

170

197

173

55

274

239

304

316

729

687

1351

6760

0 2000 4000 6000 8000 10000 12000 14000

Metal pieces

Junk mail / free circulars

Paper bags

Rubber pieces (not tyres)

Clothing & materials

Take aw ay & cups (plastic)

Flav. w ater/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre (plastic)

Packing tape & straps

Water, carbonated & f lavoured/soft drink (metal)

Cigarette packets

Cups/take aw ay containers (paper)

Other miscellaneous

Metal bottle tops and can pull rings

Plastic bottle tops

Straw s

Other foil

Snack bags and confectionery w rappers (plastic)

All other plastic


Cigarette butts


Volume

The total volume of the litter counted in QLD amounted to 1.536 (down from

1.993 m3 in Wave 2). Half the volume of the litter was plastic (50%,

compared to 51% in Wave 2). Paper/ paperboard 26% (compared to 27% in

Wave 2), of the volume of the litter counted, followed by metal (13%,

compared to 11% in Wave 2), miscellaneous constituted 6% (compared to

- 48 -

7% in previous Waves), glass (5%, compared to 4% in Wave 2) and finally,

cigarette butts (remaining at less than 1%).

Proportion of Total Volume of Litter by Material Type

Plastic, 50%

Glass, 5%

Cigarette butts, <1%

Metal, 13%Paper/paperboard, 26%

Miscellaneous, 6%

The most voluminous items were:

• Containers, domestic type, 0.216 up from 0.208 m3 in Wave 2 (14%,

up from 10% of total volume)

• Cups/ take away containers (paper), 0.166 down from 0.230 m3 in

Wave 2 (11% down from 12% of total volume)

• Containers, industrial e.g. oil, 0.135, down from 0.247 m3 in Wave 2

(9%, down from 12% of total volume)

• Newspapers and magazines, 0.117, down from 0.152 m3 in Wave 2

(8% of total volume, as in Wave 2)

- 49 -

Top 20 Items by Volume

0.011

0.022

0.015

0.040

0.028

0.036

0.032

0.031

0.043

0.072

0.053

0.046

0.037

0.071

0.073

0.062

0.097

0.112

0.126

0.191

0.022

0.019

0.011

0.045

0.023

0.040

0.047

0.039

0.054

0.096

0.072

0.054

0.078

0.103

0.091

0.119

0.152

0.247

0.230

0.208

0.021

0.021

0.021

0.023

0.025

0.029

0.031

0.035

0.043

0.048

0.052

0.054

0.055

0.069

0.085

0.086

0.117

0.135

0.166

0.216

0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30

Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dretc.(non-carb) <1 litre (plastic)

Construction materials

Flav. milk, 1 litre or more

Plain water (carbonated ornon-carb) 1 litre+ (plastic)

Beer, aluminium, all types, allsizes

Take away & cups (plastic)

Cartons, flavoured milk< 1litre

Beer, < 750ml, all colours ofglass

Cigarette packets

Illegal dumping

Flav. milk, < 1 litre (plastic)

Plain water (carbonated ornon-carb) <1 litre (plastic)

Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers (metal)

Flav. water/soft drink(carbonated) 1 litre+ (plastic)

Water, carbonated &flavoured/soft drink (metal)

Flav. water/soft drink(carbonated) <1 litre (plastic)

Newspapers & magazines

Containers, industrial e.g. oil

Cups/take away containers(paper)

Containers, domestic type(plastic)

m3


- 50 -

3.3 Cigarette butts

Number of items

Half (50%, down from 52% in Wave 2) of the litter items counted were

cigarette butts. The number of cigarette butts that were counted reduced

substantially to 8,373 from 13,525 in Wave 2. This is above the Wave 3

national average number of cigarette butts counted (7,314 butts).

Of interest was the finding that 24 (down from 41) individual sites contained

100 cigarette butts or more 4,492, accounting for 54% of the total cigarette

butts.

The main site types to contain more than 100 cigarette butts were retail (6

sites accounting for 1,169 cigarette butts), highways (5 sites accounting for

1,169 cigarette butts), car park sites (4 sites accounting for 575 cigarette

butts), and beaches (3 sites accounting for 412 cigarette butts).

There were 3 sites that contained 300 cigarette butts or more accounting for

1,239 cigarette butts or 15% of all cigarette butts, one was a highway site

(402 butts), another a retail site (423 butts), and an industrial site (414

butts).

The proportion of cigarette butts as part of the litter streams across each

site varied. As the graph overleaf displays, shopping centre sites were

below the Monitor average, while all other sites recorded proportions above

the national Monitor average for Wave 3.

- 51 -

Proportion of Cigarette butts in the Site Type Litter Streams

35%

64%

81%77%

51%

45%41%

73%68%

54%52%

41%

56%

44%

63%

78%

53%

39%

34%34%31%

64%

40%

56%

40%

56%

64% 68%

38%38%

35%

41%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

Residential Beach Industrial Car Park Shopping Centre Retail Recreational Park Highw ay


Cigarette proportion Wave 1 Cigarette proportion Wave 2

Cigarette proportion Wave 3 Wave 3 Average Proportion of cigarette butts across site types

The following graph shows the actual cigarette butt numbers found across

all site types. From here you can see the amount of butts found in highways

has dropped substantially from the high recorded in Wave 2.

Cigarette butts in the Site Type Litter Streams

523313

750

1398

455

1224

656

12751599

599

2124

1448

649

14491087

5595

1111

1567

392

1734

590

297

1200

623

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

Residential Beach Industrial Car Park ShoppingCentre

Retail RecreationalPark

Highway


Cigarette butts Wave 1 Cigarette butts Wave 2 Cigarette butts Wave 3

- 52 -

Volume

Despite cigarette butts being the most numerous litter item, butts again

accounted for less than 1% of the total volume of litter.

- 53 -

3.4 Plastic Litter

Number of items

A fifth (19%, down from 20% in Wave 2) of the litter items counted were

plastic (3,233, down from 5,097 items), which is below the Monitor average

(3,263 items).

The most common plastic litter items counted were:

• All other plastic, (919 items) 6% of the total litter counted, as in Wave

2)

• Snack bags and confectionery wrappers, (530 items) 3% of the total

litter counted (compared to 5% in Wave 2)

• Straws, (287 items) 2% of the total litter counted (compared to 1% in

Wave 2)

• Plastic bottle tops, (274 items) 2% of the total litter counted

(proportion remaining the same from previous Waves)

Volume

Plastic represented half of the volume of litter in the QLD litter stream 0.765

m3 (50%, compared to 51% in Wave 2).

The most voluminous items were:

• Containers, domestic type, 0.216 m3 (14%, compared to 10% of the

total volume in Wave 2)

• Containers, industrial e.g. oil, 0.135 m3 (9%, compared to 12% of the

total volume in Wave 2)

- 54 -

Plastic Total by Volume

0.002

0.006

0.020

0.013

0.025

0.011

0.015

0.040

0.036

0.053

0.046

0.071

0.062

0.112

0.191

0.006

0.009

0.026

0.015

0.013

0.022

0.011

0.045

0.040

0.072

0.054

0.103

0.119

0.247

0.208

0.003

0.004

0.009

0.013

0.017

0.021

0.021

0.023

0.029

0.052

0.054

0.069

0.086

0.135

0.216

0.000 0.050 0.100 0.150 0.200 0.250 0.300

Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc

Confectionery w rappers (incl. chippackets)

Fruit juice< 1 litre

White milk, all sizes

Flav. w tr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+

Flav.w tr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre

Flav. milk, 1 litre or more

Plain w ater (carbonated or non-carb)1 litre+

Take aw ay & cups

Flav. milk, < 1 litre

Plain w ater (carbonated or non-carb)<1 litre

Flav. w ater/soft drink (carbonated) 1litre+

Flav. w ater/soft drink (carbonated)<1 litre

Containers, industrial e.g. oil

Containers, domestic type

m3


- 55 -

3.5 Paper/paperboard Litter

Number of items

Paper made up 18% (unchanged proportion from previous Waves) 3,007

items, above the Monitor average (2,639 items).

The most common paper/paperboard items included:

• Other paper (including tissues), 1,911 items (11%, compared to 12%

in Wave 2 of the total number of litter counted)

• Cups/take away containers 228 items (remained at 1% of the total

number of litter counted, as in Wave 2)

• Cigarette packets, 197 items (remained at 1% of the total number of

litter counted)

Volume

Paper accounted for 26% (compared to 27% in Wave 2) of the volume of

the litter in the QLD litter stream (0.402 m3). The most common items were:

• Cups/take away containers, 0.166 m3 (11%, compared to 12% of the

total volume)

• Newspapers & magazines, 0.117 m3 (8% of the total volume, as in

Wave 2)

• Cigarette packets, 0.043 m3 (3% of the total volume, unchanged

proportion from Wave 2)

- 56 -

Paper/paperboard Litter Total by Volume

0.001

0.004

0.005

0.004

0.005

0.007

0.017

0.032

0.043

0.097

0.126

0.002

0.005

0.005

0.008

0.011

0.008

0.013

0.047

0.054

0.152

0.230

0.001

0.002

0.004

0.006

0.006

0.007

0.018

0.031

0.043

0.117

0.166

0.000 0.050 0.100 0.150 0.200 0.250

Paper bags

Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sportsdrink, non-carb, <1 litre

Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre

Cartons, milk, plain (white) allsizes


Packages & boxes

Junk mail / free circulars

Cartons, flavoured milk< 1 litre

Cigarette packets

Newspapers & magazines

Cups/take away containers

m3


- 57 -

3.6 Metal Litter

Number of items

Metal items constituted 7% (compared to 6% in Wave 2) of the litter stream

1,088 items, below the Monitor average (1,376 items).

The most common metal items were:

• Other foil, 315 items (remained at 2% of the total number of litter

counted)

• Metal bottle tops and can pull rings, 272 items (remained at 2% of the

total number of litter counted)

• Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink, 197 items (remained at 1%

of the total number of litter counted)

Volume

Metal accounted for 0.197 m3 (13%, compared to 11% in Wave 2) of the

volume of litter counted. The most voluminous of the metal litter items

included:

• Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink, 0.085 m3 (6%, compared to

5% of the total volume)

• Alcoholic sodas and spirit based mixers, 0.055 m3 (4% of the total

volume, as in Wave 2)

- 58 -

Metal Litter Total by Volume

0.001

0.001

0.004

0.014

0.018

0.028

0.037

0.073

0.002

0.001

0.005

0.000

0.016

0.023

0.078

0.091

0.001

0.001

0.003

0.009

0.016

0.025

0.055

0.085

0.000 0.010 0.020 0.030 0.040 0.050 0.060 0.070 0.080 0.090 0.100

Metal bottle tops and can pullrings

Metal pieces

Food cans (including pet food)

Industrial cans - all types

Foil take away

Beer, aluminium, all types, allsizes

Alcoholic sodas & spirit-basedmixers

Water, carbonated &flavoured/soft drink

m3


- 59 -

3.7 Miscellaneous

Number of items

Items classified as miscellaneous accounted for 4% of the litter stream (679

items), above the Monitor average (639 items).

The most common miscellaneous items were:

• Other miscellaneous, 238 items (1%, compared to less than 1% of the

total number of litter counted in Wave 2)

• Clothing & materials, 131 items (remaining at 1% of the total number

of litter counted)

• Rubber pieces not tyres, 114 items (remaining at 1% of the total

number of litter counted)

Volume

Miscellaneous litter accounted for 0.093 m3 (6%, compared to 7% of the

total volume in Wave 2) of the total volume of litter counted. The most

voluminous, was illegal dumping 0.048 m3 (3%, compared to 5% of the total

volume in Wave 2), as the graph displays.

Miscellaneous Litter Total by Volume

0.002

0.008

0.022

0.072

0.001

0.016

0.019

0.096

0.003

0.016

0.021

0.048

0.000 0.020 0.040 0.060 0.080 0.100 0.120

Disposable nappies

Tyres & pieces

Construction materials

Illegal dumping

m3


- 60 -

3.8 Glass Items

Number of items

Glass items again constituted just 2% of the litter stream in QLD (253

items), below the Monitor average (461 items).

The main glass item was:

• Other glass (103 items) (1% of the total number of litter items, as in

Wave 2)

Volume

The total volume of glass was 0.080 m3 (5%, compared to 4% of the total

volume in Wave 2) of the total litter stream. The most voluminous glass item

was clearly:

• Beer, less than 750ml, all colours of glass, 0.035 m3 (2% of the total

volume, unchanged from Wave 2)

Glass Litter Total by Volume

0.009

0.012

0.031

0.010

0.006

0.039

0.008

0.020

0.035

0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015 0.020 0.025 0.030 0.035 0.040 0.045

Alcoholic sodas / spirit-basedmixers, all sizes

Beer, 750ml or more, all coloursof glass

Beer, < 750ml, all colours ofglass

m3


- 61 -

3.9 Dispersion of Litter Across Site Types

Number of items

The litter was counted across differing land areas, designed to capture a

good representation of areas throughout the State.

Highways formed the major catchment sites of the total litter stream,

containing 33% of all litter items. The dispersion of litter amongst the varying

site types in descending order of contribution to the total litter stream, was

as follows:

• Highways (33%, compared to 42% in Wave 2)

• Industrial (16%, compared to 14% in Wave 2)

• Car Park (12%, compared to 11% in Wave 2)

• Retail (12%, compared to 9% in Wave 2)

• Residential (10%, compared to 9% in Wave 2)

• Recreational Park (7%, compared to 8% in Wave 2)

• Beach (7%, compared to 6% in Wave 2)

• Shopping Centre (3%, compared to 2% in Wave 2)

Litter by Site Type

Residential, 10%

Beach, 7%

Industrial, 16%

Car Park, 12%

Shopping Centre, 3%Retail, 12%Recreational Park,

7%

Highway, 33%

Comparing the proportion of sites to the amount of litter that was identified

in each site, shows that highways disproportionately contain a significant

amount of the litter in the total litter stream (see graph overleaf). Residential,

- 62 -

despite it’s strong representation in the number of sites counted (17% or 26

sites), contained just 10% of the total litter counted. Shopping centres were

also under represented in the litter stream, despite covering 9% of the sites,

these sites attributed to 3% of the total litter stream. The significant change

between the two waves, is clearly in the decrease in litter found counted at

highway sites.

Distribution of Litter by Site Type

18%

26%

42%

33%

11%

15%

14%

16%

15%

16%

11%

12%

17%

11%

9%

10%

10%

13%

9%

12%

9%

7%

2%

3%

9%

6%

8%

7%

11%

7%

6%

7%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Site dispersion

Litter dispersion Wave 1



Highway Industrial Car Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre Recreational Park Beach

- 63 -

3.10 Volumes

More than half (55%, up from 53% in Wave 2) of the total volume of litter

was found in highway sites. Industrial sites accounted for 23% (compared to

27% in Wave 2) of the volume of litter and residential 9% (compared to 6%

in Wave 2) as the graph displays.

Proportion of Total Volume of Litter by Site Type

Residential, 9%

Beach, 2%

Industrial, 23%

Car park, 5%

Shopping centre, 1%

Retail, 1%

Recreational, 4%

Highway, 55%

There are few significant variances in the volume found at the various site

types.

Distribution of Litter Volume by Site Type Wave Comparison

51%

53%

55%

28%

27%

23%

8%

6%

9%

4%

4%

5%

0%

0%

5%

5%

2%

2%

2%

1%4%

2%

1%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Volume dispersion Wave 1



Highway Industrial Residential Car Park Shopping Centre Beach Retail Recreational Park

`

When viewing the proportion of the volume of litter, in comparison to the

number of litter items in the site types, highways and industrial sites are

more voluminous, while shopping centre, retail, car parks and recreational

parks were smaller voluminous sites, as can be seen in the graph below.

- 64 -

Distribution of Litter Items and Volume by Site Type

18%

33%

55%

11%

16%

23%

15%

12%

5%

17%

10%

9%

10%

12%

9%

3%

11%

7%

2%1%

9%

7%

4%

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Site dispersion



Highway Industrial Car Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre Beach Recreational Park

`

- 65 -

Drink Containers

- 66 -

To enable meaningful comparisons with the other states in the following appendix, Tasmania,

The Northern Territory and The Australian Capital Territory have been almost doubled, i.e. 151

sites divided by 76 (the number of sites Tasmania had counted) totalling 1.987. It is then as if

each area had the 151 sites rather than the 76 counted.

Queensland had more than half of its drink containers counted at highways. Industrial were

also a significant catchment area for drink containers.

QUEENSLAND

Res

iden

tial

Bea

ch

Indu

stria

l

Car

Par

k

Shop

ping

C

entr

e

Ret

ail

Rec

reat

iona

l Pa

rk

Hig

hway

Grand Total

Glass 1 Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 3

Glass 2 Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 5 13

Glass 3 Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 5

Glass 4 Fruit juice, < 1 litre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1

Glass 5 Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes 3 2 8 1 0 0 0 8 22

Glass 6 Cider/fruit based etc. (glass) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Glass 7 Beer, < 750ml, all colours of glass 6 8 13 5 1 1 0 40 74

Metal 8 Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes 1 1 16 1 0 2 0 36 57

Metal 9 Cider/fruit based etc. (metal) 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 2

Metal 10 Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink 11 2 51 5 0 1 13 114 197

Metal 11 Water, non-carbonated & flavoured, all sizes 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1

Plastic 12 Flav. milk, < 1 litre 3 2 23 1 1 1 1 65 97

Plastic 13 Fruit juice< 1 litre 3 0 4 1 1 0 1 6 16

Plastic 14 Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre 5 4 19 2 0 0 6 32 68

Plastic 15 Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 6 3 32 2 0 0 3 93 139

Plastic 16 Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre 5 1 9 5 1 1 3 12 37

Paper/ paperboard 17 Cartons, flavoured milk< 1 litre 3 1 12 0 0 0 0 25 41

Paper/ paperboard 18 Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 7

Paper/ paperboard 19 Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 6

Drink Containers 49 24 197 24 5 6 32 449 786

6% 3% 25% 3% 1% 1% 4% 57% 100%

Location of Drink Container Litter Items Queensland Wave 3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%


- 67 -

Location of Drink ContainersWave 3

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

80%


VICNSWSAWATASQLDNTACT

- 68 -

Data Summary Number of Items

- 69 -

QLD Wave 3 LITTER CATEGORY x SITE TYPE

RES

IDEN

TIA

L

BEA

CH

IND

UST

RIA

L

CA

R P

AR

K

SHO

PPIN

G C

ENTR

E

RET

AIL

REC

REA

TIO

NA

L PA

RK

HIG

HW

AY

METROPOLITAN

REGIONAL GRAND

TOTAL

TYPE LITTER TYPEGLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), 1 litre+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1GLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 3GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 0 0 4 0 0 0 4 5 12 1 13GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 4 1 5GLASS Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0GLASS Fruit juice, < 1 litre 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1GLASS Wine cooler, all sizes 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 4 4GLASS Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes 3 2 8 1 0 0 0 8 22 0 22GLASS Cider/fruit based etc. 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0GLASS Wine & spirit, all sizes 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 2GLASS Beer, 750ml or more, all colours of glass 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 21 5 20 25GLASS Beer, < 750ml, all colours of glass 6 8 13 5 1 1 0 40 50 24 74GLASS Other glass 17 3 18 16 0 2 8 39 83 20 103

GLASS Total 28 15 50 23 1 3 13 120 183 70 253

METAL Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes 1 1 16 1 0 2 0 36 29 28 57METAL Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers 1 9 12 3 0 1 4 67 58 39 97METAL Cider/fruit based etc. 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2METAL Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink 11 2 51 5 0 1 13 114 112 85 197METAL Water, non-carbonated & flavoured, all sizes 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 1METAL Food cans (including pet food) 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 5 2 7METAL Industrial cans - all types 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 1 2METAL Aerosols – pressure packs 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 1METAL Metal bottle tops and can pull rings 21 15 29 75 1 13 50 68 186 86 272METAL Metal pieces 12 1 17 16 2 0 4 51 64 39 103METAL Foil take away 5 0 17 0 0 0 1 11 32 2 34METAL Other foil 49 30 88 26 13 13 19 77 265 50 315

METAL Total 101 58 231 126 17 30 92 433 755 333 1088

- 70 -


RES

IDEN

TIA

L

BEA

CH

IND

UST

RIA

L

CA

R P

AR

K

SHO

PPIN

G C

ENTR

E

RET

AIL

REC

REA

TIO

NA

L PA

RK

HIG

HW

AY

METROPOLITAN

REGIONAL GRAND

TOTAL

TYPE LITTER TYPE

PLASTIC White milk, all sizes 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 5 1 6

PLASTIC Flav. milk, 1 litre or more 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 6 8 2 10PLASTIC Flav. milk, < 1 litre 3 2 23 1 1 1 1 65 53 44 97PLASTIC Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 1PLASTIC Fruit juice< 1 litre 3 0 4 1 1 0 1 6 13 3 16PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) 1 litre+ 3 1 1 0 0 0 0 10 5 10 15PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre 5 4 19 2 0 0 6 32 37 31 68PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 2 0 9 0 0 0 4 27 36 6 42PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 6 3 32 2 0 0 3 93 79 60 139PLASTIC Flav. wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+ 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 7 8 2 10PLASTIC Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre 5 1 9 5 1 1 3 12 33 4 37PLASTIC Containers, industrial e.g. oil 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 1 6 0 6PLASTIC Containers, domestic type 5 0 5 1 0 1 1 13 22 4 26PLASTIC Bags - supermarket type light weight carry bags 4 10 6 2 0 0 1 37 51 9 60PLASTIC Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags 0 2 3 0 0 0 1 19 25 0 25PLASTIC Sacks - sheeting - other bags 5 4 23 1 0 0 2 32 36 31 67PLASTIC Wine cask bladders 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 2PLASTIC Straws 46 24 38 28 10 18 35 88 221 66 287PLASTIC 6 ring can holders 1 0 6 0 0 1 0 0 8 0 8PLASTIC Confectionery wrappers (incl. chip packets) 77 48 62 72 8 23 50 190 398 132 530PLASTIC Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc 4 2 37 0 0 2 0 46 60 31 91PLASTIC Packing tape & straps 8 7 47 12 0 1 4 90 110 59 169PLASTIC Take away & cups 13 19 24 1 1 3 10 67 109 29 138PLASTIC Plastic bottle tops 21 19 60 37 0 10 32 95 207 67 274PLASTIC Bread bag tags 0 4 1 2 0 1 23 4 31 4 35PLASTIC Lolly/ Chupa Chupa sticks 8 8 3 15 1 12 19 18 75 9 84PLASTIC Spoons/ cutlery 4 3 16 7 1 3 11 17 51 11 62PLASTIC Drink pouches 4 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 6 3 9PLASTIC All other plastic 110 67 183 136 19 38 48 318 744 175 919

PLASTIC Total 338 230 617 329 43 115 256 1305 2439 794 3233

- 71 -


RES

IDEN

TIA

L

BEA

CH

IND

UST

RIA

L

CA

R P

AR

K

SHO

PPIN

G C

ENTR

E

RET

AIL

REC

REA

TIO

NA

L PA

RK

HIG

HW

AY

METROPOLITAN

REGIONAL GRAND

TOTAL

TYPE LITTER TYPEPAPER/PAPERBOARD Packages & boxes 2 0 28 0 1 1 3 53 65 23 88PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cigarette packets 20 0 36 8 1 1 3 128 141 56 197PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, milk, plain (white) all sizes 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 6 0 6PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk1 litre or more 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk< 1 litre 3 1 12 0 0 0 0 25 33 8 41PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water / fruit j. drink/ sports drink, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 5 5 2 7PAPER/PAPERBOARD Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 4 6 0 6PAPER/PAPERBOARD Newspapers & magazines 22 1 24 1 0 3 0 48 89 10 99PAPER/PAPERBOARD Junk mail / free circulars 31 1 5 4 4 2 0 58 94 11 105PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cups/take away containers 14 3 25 17 6 0 5 158 196 32 228PAPER/PAPERBOARD Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. 12 0 4 4 4 5 3 14 33 13 46PAPER/PAPERBOARD Ice cream wrappers 12 12 9 0 1 5 5 22 47 19 66PAPER/PAPERBOARD Paper bags 5 3 45 9 1 4 4 43 87 27 114PAPER/PAPERBOARD Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) 20 5 5 13 11 18 4 17 65 28 93PAPER/PAPERBOARD Other paper (including tissues) 306 110 352 153 60 228 101 601 1567 344 1911

PAPER/PAPERBOARD Total 448 136 550 210 89 267 128 1179 2434 573 3007

MISCELLANEOUS Tyres & pieces 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 66 25 45 70MISCELLANEOUS Clothing & materials 5 13 29 3 2 4 7 68 88 43 131MISCELLANEOUS Illegal dumping 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2MISCELLANEOUS Syringes 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1MISCELLANEOUS Ice cream sticks 5 7 3 10 0 10 13 12 51 9 60MISCELLANEOUS Rubber pieces (not tyres) 5 8 16 28 0 4 9 44 64 50 114MISCELLANEOUS Condoms 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 2MISCELLANEOUS Construction materials 0 1 18 1 0 0 0 38 41 17 58MISCELLANEOUS Disposable nappies 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 3 0 3MISCELLANEOUS Other miscellaneous 20 15 19 29 85 12 14 44 213 25 238

MISCELLANEOUS Total 35 46 89 74 87 30 44 274 489 190 679

CIGARETTE BUTTS Total 656 623 1200 1275 297 1599 599 2124 6408 1965 8373

Grand Total 1606 1108 2737 2037 534 2044 1132 5435 12708 3925 16633

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Data Summary Volumes

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LITTER CATEGORY x SITE TYPE

RES

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METROPOLITAN

REGIONAL GRAND

TOTAL

TYPE LITTER TYPEGLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), 1 litre+ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001GLASS Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000GLASS Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.004 0.000 0.004GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000GLASS Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.003 0.001 0.004GLASS Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000GLASS Fruit juice, < 1 litre 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000GLASS Wine cooler, all sizes 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001GLASS Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes 0.001 0.001 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.008 0.000 0.008GLASS Cider/fruit based etc. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000GLASS Wine & spirit, all sizes 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.002GLASS Beer, 750ml or more, all colours of glass 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.017 0.004 0.016 0.020GLASS Beer, < 750ml, all colours of glass 0.003 0.004 0.006 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.019 0.024 0.012 0.035GLASS Other glass 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.002

GLASS Total 0.006 0.006 0.015 0.004 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.045 0.049 0.031 0.080

METAL Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.016 0.013 0.012 0.025METAL Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers 0.001 0.005 0.007 0.002 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.038 0.033 0.022 0.055METAL Cider/fruit based etc. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001METAL Water, carbonated & flavoured/soft drink 0.005 0.001 0.022 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.049 0.048 0.037 0.085METAL Water, non-carbonated & flavoured, all sizes 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000METAL Food cans (including pet food) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.003METAL Industrial cans - all types 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.005 0.005 0.009METAL Aerosols – pressure packs 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001METAL Metal bottle tops and can pull rings 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001METAL Metal pieces 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001METAL Foil take away 0.002 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.015 0.001 0.016METAL Other foil 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000

METAL Total 0.009 0.006 0.044 0.005 0.000 0.002 0.009 0.121 0.118 0.078 0.197

QLD Wave 3 - Volumes m3

- 74 -


RES

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REGIONAL GRAND

TOTAL

TYPE LITTER TYPE

PLASTIC White milk, all sizes 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.011 0.011 0.002 0.013

PLASTIC Flav. milk, 1 litre or more 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.013 0.017 0.004 0.021PLASTIC Flav. milk, < 1 litre 0.002 0.001 0.012 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.035 0.028 0.023 0.052PLASTIC Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.002PLASTIC Fruit juice< 1 litre 0.002 0.000 0.002 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.003 0.007 0.002 0.009PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) 1 litre+ 0.005 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.015 0.008 0.015 0.023PLASTIC Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre 0.004 0.003 0.015 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.005 0.025 0.029 0.024 0.054PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ 0.003 0.000 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.007 0.045 0.060 0.010 0.069PLASTIC Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre 0.004 0.002 0.020 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.058 0.049 0.037 0.086PLASTIC Flav. wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+ 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.012 0.013 0.003 0.017PLASTIC Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre 0.003 0.001 0.005 0.003 0.001 0.001 0.002 0.007 0.018 0.002 0.021PLASTIC Containers, industrial e.g. oil 0.000 0.000 0.090 0.022 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.022 0.135 0.000 0.135PLASTIC Containers, domestic type 0.042 0.000 0.042 0.008 0.000 0.008 0.008 0.108 0.183 0.033 0.216PLASTIC Bags - light weight plastic shopping type carry bags 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.000 0.002PLASTIC Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.000 0.002PLASTIC Sacks - sheeting - other bags 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PLASTIC Wine cask bladders 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001PLASTIC Straws 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001PLASTIC 6 ring can holders 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PLASTIC Snack bags and confectionery wrappers 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.003 0.001 0.004PLASTIC Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.002 0.001 0.003PLASTIC Packing tape & straps 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PLASTIC Take away & cups 0.003 0.004 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.014 0.023 0.006 0.029PLASTIC Plastic bottle tops 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.002 0.001 0.002PLASTIC Bread bag tags 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PLASTIC Lollipop sticks 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PLASTIC Spoons/ cutlery 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001PLASTIC Drink pouches 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001PLASTIC All other plastic 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001

PLASTIC Total 0.070 0.017 0.215 0.044 0.002 0.011 0.028 0.379 0.595 0.169 0.765

Wave 3 - Volumes m3

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METROPOLITAN

REGIONAL GRAND

TOTAL

TYPE LITTER TYPE

PAPER/PAPERBOARD Packages & boxes 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.005 0.002 0.007PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cigarette packets 0.004 0.000 0.008 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.028 0.031 0.012 0.043PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, milk, plain (white) all sizes 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.003 0.006 0.000 0.006PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk1 litre or more 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, flavoured milk< 1 litre 0.002 0.001 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.019 0.025 0.006 0.031PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water / fruit j. drink/ sports drink, (non-carb), 1 litre+ 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PAPER/PAPERBOARD Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002PAPER/PAPERBOARD Fruit juice, 1 litre or more 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.002 0.004 0.000 0.004PAPER/PAPERBOARD Newspapers & magazines 0.026 0.001 0.028 0.001 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.057 0.105 0.012 0.117PAPER/PAPERBOARD Junk mail / free circulars 0.005 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.016 0.002 0.018PAPER/PAPERBOARD Cups/take away containers 0.010 0.002 0.018 0.012 0.004 0.000 0.004 0.115 0.143 0.023 0.166PAPER/PAPERBOARD Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PAPER/PAPERBOARD Ice cream wrappers 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PAPER/PAPERBOARD Paper bags 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001PAPER/PAPERBOARD Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000PAPER/PAPERBOARD Other paper (including tissues) 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.002 0.005 0.001 0.006

PAPER/PAPERBOARD Total 0.050 0.005 0.072 0.017 0.006 0.005 0.005 0.242 0.343 0.059 0.402

MISCELLANEOUS Tyres & pieces 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.015 0.006 0.010 0.016MISCELLANEOUS Clothing & materials 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.001 0.001 0.002MISCELLANEOUS Illegal dumping 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.024 0.048MISCELLANEOUS Syringes 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000MISCELLANEOUS Ice cream sticks 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000MISCELLANEOUS Rubber pieces (not tyres) 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000MISCELLANEOUS Condoms 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000MISCELLANEOUS Construction materials 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.014 0.015 0.006 0.021MISCELLANEOUS Disposable nappies 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.003 0.000 0.003MISCELLANEOUS Other miscellaneous 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.003 0.000 0.003

MISCELLANEOUS Total 0.000 0.002 0.008 0.002 0.001 0.000 0.024 0.055 0.052 0.041 0.093

CIGARETTE BUTTS Total 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.00010

Grand Total 0.135 0.037 0.354 0.073 0.010 0.018 0.068 0.842 1.158 0.379 1.536

Wave 3 - Volumes m3

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Appendix 1: Data Collection Form

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- 78 -

strategies, marketing and social research\! final reports 2006\!6584 kab - national litter...

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