Melissa FediganInstructor2014-15

Strategies for Taking the SAT Verbal Section

What is on the Verbal Section?

SAT runs 3 hours and 45 minutes and has 10 sections overallVerbal sections include:

One 25-min essay sectionTwo 25-minute Critical Reading Sections (Sentence Completions & Reading Comprehension)One 25-minute Writing Section

Error identification questions (Error ID)Improving sentence questionsImproving paragraph questions

One 20-minute Critical Reading section (Sentence Completions & Reading Comprehension)An experimental section which may be Writing, Math, or Critical Reading (no way to tell)

ScoringEach section is on a scale of 200 to 800 points.Combined scores are totaled for an overall score of 600-2400.The average SAT score is 500 per section or 1500 total.

ScoringEach correct answer earns1 full point, regardless of level of difficulty.Each unanswered question earns a student 0 points.Each incorrect answer to a Student-Produced Response question earns a student 0 points.Students LOSE 1/4 point for each incorrect answer to a multiple-choice question.

Guessing

What is the capital of Azerbaijan?

Guessing-Using POE (Process of Elimination)

What is the capital of Azerbaijan?A.Washington, D.C.B.ParisC.TokyoD.LondonE. Baku

The test writers know how high school students think!

*Look for WRONG answers, instead of right ones!

GuessingWhat is the capital of Qatar?

A) ParisB) DukhanC) TokyoD) DohaE) London

What choices can you eliminate?

GuessingDO NOT GUESS unless you can eliminate at least one choice!DO NOT GUESS if you did not spend any time looking at the question!

Strategies for Help on the SAT

You paid for your test book-WRITE ON IT!Write on diagrams or make your own on the booklet!Write words down to help you figure out sentence completion answers.When using POE, physically cross off the wrong answers!Put a BIG QUESTION MARK next to questions you aren’t sure about and come back to them later.TIME SAVER: Transfer answers from book to answer sheet at the end of each section!

Order of QuestionsSentence Completions Error IDs

Improving Sentences

…are in increasing order of difficulty!

Readings Improving Paragraphs Essay …are not! These sections have questions in chronological

order.

So…PACE YOURSELF to find and complete all the easy questions in the section before trying to tackle the hardest ones!

Selecting AnswersEasy Questions

Medium Questions

Hard Questions

=answer that seems right probably is for everyone taking the test

=high scorers will pick the right answer, low scorers will feel like the correct answer is wrong, and average scorers will sometimes be right and other times be wrong

=high scorers will pick the right answer and everyone else will think the correct answer is the wrong one

Don’t Be Like Joe!

Joe Right Wrong Blank

Easy Questions (6)

5 1 0

Medium Questions (6)

4 2 0

Hard Questions (6)

0 5 1

Total 9 8 1

Multiplier 1 -0.25 0

Total 9 -2 0

Total For Section

7

Be Like Jane!

Jane Right Wrong Blank

Easy Questions (6)

6 0 0

Medium Questions (6)

5 1 0

Hard Questions (6)

0 0 6

Total 11 1 0Multiplier 1 -0.25 0

Total 11 -0.25 0

Total For Section

10.75

Critical Reading Section2 Types of Questions:

Sentence Completions Reading Comprehension

Sentence Completions

Know the Directions:Each sentence below has one or two blanks, each blank indicating that something has been omitted. Beneath the sentence are five words or sets of words labeled A through E. Choose the word or set of words that, when inserted in the sentence, best fits the meaning of the sentence as a whole.

Example: Desiring to ______________ his taunting friends, Mitch gave

them taffy in hopes it would keep their mouths shut.A) eliminate B) satisfy C) overcome

D) ridicule E) silence

Sentence Completions 7. The researchers believe their experimental and observational data furnish the _____________ evidence that proves their hypothesis.

A. triflingB. experientialC. intuitiveD. empiricalE. microscopic

*This question is the last question in the group of sentence completion questions. What type of word are you look for to answer the question?

Sentence Completion

Even though it is a dead language, rather than fading away, Latin is now being _________.What word would you put in this blank? What can you eliminate?

A. forgotten

B. excavated

C. mortified

D. revitalized

E. revealed

Cover Up AnswersLavender has a _______________ effect; its aroma alleviates tension and anxiety.

A. fragrantB. joyousC. iridescentD. soothingE. painful

What word would you use to complete this sentence?

The clue to the answer is in the part of the sentence that says, “alleviates tension and anxiety.”

Trigger WordsCan help you find the answer!Change the DIRECTION of the sentence’s meaning.

I really like you, but ___________________________.I really like you, and ___________________________.

I am going to leave youI am going to hug you

Common Trigger WordsSame Directionbecauseandsincein factcolon (:)semicolon (;)

Change Directionhoweveralthough/thoughbut in contrast toratherdespiteyet

The Tricky OnesMost of Rick’s friends think his life is unbelievably --------, but in fact he spends most of his time on ------ activities.

A) fruitful..productiveB) wasteful..uselessC) scintillating..mundaneD) varied..supportiveE) callow..simple

Look for words that are opposites because of Tigger Word to Change Direction.

*need a positive + negative

A—both are positive words-gone!B-both are negative words-gone!C-positive & negative-keepD-both are positive-gone!E-negative & neutral-possible

And Then There Were Two…

While the -------- student openly questioned the teacher’s explanation, she was not so -------- as to suggest that the teacher was wrong.

A) complacent..suspiciousB) inquistive..imprudentC) curious..dispassionateD) provocative..respectfulE) ineffectual..brazen

HOMEWORK:Drill 1, p. 44Drill 2, p. 45Drill 3, p. 50

Reading Comprehension

Overall StrategiesDon’t waste time reading stuff you don’t need.Read the questions over before reviewing the passages.Questions are set up CHRONOLOGICALLY.Read carefully when looking for an answer.Figure out what the answer could/should look like before looking at the choices.Don’t fall for traps that the SAT sets up for you!

What Should I Read?Read the italicized blurb.Work the passage. Select a question.Read only what you need.Answer the question.POE-eliminate the 4 worst answers!

Let’s go over an example together!

Complete Handout together

Answering questions 17-24.

17.The author and his traveling companion discussed illnesses because

A. the cholera epidemic of the era was a grim concern to the travelers.

B. the author hoped to avoid discussing the reason for the journey.

C. the author supposed that the topic would be welcomed by his friend.

D. the travelers were mocking the pretensions enjoyed in elite society.

E. the traveling companion worried about the author’s deteriorating health.

18.The cause of the “bitter disappointment” (line 25) was that

A. the whale, which the author and his friend had traveled to see, was no longer on the beach.

B. the previously warm weather had turned rainy and cold, forcing the companions to return home

C. the hotel in which the author intended to lodge was much older than he had expected.

D. the traveling companions were looking for natural beauty where it would not likely be found.

E. the author’s personality precluded enjoyment of a scene that all other would appreciate.

19.The author mentions “a cliff, an isolated hill, an island” (line 41-42) in order to

A. describe the nearby scenery as they traveled to the whale

B. indicate the size of the whale relative to the scenery.C. show his bravery in traveling over dangerous terrain.D. express a desire to visit lands brought to mind by

the waves.E. emphasize that the actual size of the whale was

unexpected.

20.In lines 47-52, the author suggests that

A. when he saw the whale up close, he found it to be even larger than he had expected.

B. he did not have a management role in the hotel that he had visited earlier.

C. if it were up to him, he would not let other travelers come to see the whale.

D. he recognized the ability to make money by charging people to see the whale.

E. he determined to study the effect of atmosphere conditions on perception.

21. The author would most likely agree with which one of the following about the “blessing” (line 58):

A. an even larger whale, while interesting, would smell even worse than the whale on the beach.

B. existing regulations would not prevent the author from seeing a larger whale up close.

C. after the earlier disappointment in the hotel, the author was pleased to have found the whale.

D. the author was amused that his reaction to the whale was consistent with his personality.

E. the author’s companion would not have reacted well had the whale been much larger.

22.As used in line 67, “admire” most nearly means

A. RespectB. MarvelC. DesireD. PrizeE. Regard

23. The final sentence of the passage serves to

A. display the author’s knowledgeB. draw a meaningful contrastC. express a burning concernD. disagree with a positionE. articulate an intention

24.The author’s tone can best be described as

A. IndignantB. GraveC. AmbivalentD. SardonicE. Serene

StrategiesAvoid answers that…

Recycled wordsHalf right answersExtreme languageGo too far!

HOMEWORK:Drill, p. 71-73Drill, p. 85-87

Session 2 Cracking the SAT Verbal Test

Writing Section

It’s really 2 Parts:Essay

Grammar

Grammar2 sections:

1 short1 long

Strategy for GrammarQuestions are NOT in order of difficulty EXCEPT for Error ID questions!Many times the questions are CORRECT even though they sound wrong to you!

Directions for Error IDThe following sentences test your ability to recognize grammar and usage errors. Each sentence contains either a single error or no errors at all. No sentence contains more than one error. The error, if there is one, is underlined and lettered. If the sentence contains an error, select the one underlined part that must be changed to make the sentence correct. If the sentence is correct, select choice E. In choosing answers, follow the requirements of standard written English.

Example

The inconsistencies in the witness’s testimony notwithstanding, the jury had no choice but to conclude that the suspect was not guilty of the charges leveled against him. No error

Error ID Questions: Complete 1st

• There is never more than 1 error per sentence.• If there is an error, it is always underlined.• Approximately 20% of all error ID questions are

correct as written. Don’t be afraid to pick “E.”• Error IDs are short, so you should be able to

eliminate at least one choice, so GUESS on all of these!

• DO error ID questions 1st!

Improving Sentences: 2nd to Answer

• Answer choice A is always a reprint of the underlined section.

• Approximately 20% of all Improving Sentences questions are correct.

• If you decide the underlined portion has an error, cross out choice “A.”

• KISS: Keep It Short and Sweet (concise answers!)

Grammar! Ugh!Test 5 basic skills:

Sentence structureVerbsNounsPronounsPrepositionsOther little things

Sentence Structure: Clauses

Independent Clauses: stand alone as a sentence.Errors:

Comma Splice:Susie wanted to go shopping, she wanted to go to the sale.

Run-On Sentence:Susie wanted to go shopping she wanted to go to the sale.

Sentence Structure: Clauses

Dependent Clauses: CANNOT stand alone as a sentence.

Examples:Sam is very dirty and needs a bath.The shirt that he put on was too small.

Sentence Fragments: (No independent clauses)When the students entered the school, much to their dismay, and following the announcement.

Verbs: Do They Agree with the Subject?

• Plural subject with plural verb• Singular subject with singular

verb

And or Or

Subjects joined by “and” are plural.

Subjects joined by “or” are singular.

So, what is wrong in this sentence…or is it correct?

Verbs: Parallel?

• Are the verbs parallel?• to shine• to carry• revealing

Verbs: Tense?

What are the verbs in this sentence?

• do attend• were needed

• Are these verbs in the same tense? • You don’t need to know how to fix the

sentence, just know that something is wrong and ID the incorrect verb!

Nouns: Agreement

How to crack this type? One section at a time…

D-”baby” should be “babies” because the subject is “Some animals.”

Pronouns: Agreement

Do the pronouns agree with the words that they modify?

The answer is D. “Everyone” is a singular subject that does not match the plural pronoun “they.”

Pronouns: To Whom Do You Refer?

Take it apart one section at a time…

The answer is B.It is not clear who “he” is-is it the drummer or the guitar player?

Pronouns: Other tricks“I” or “me”?

The book belongs to Jerry and me.The book belongs to Jerry and I.

If you are not sure, take out the other person…The book belongs to me.

Another one:Clare is more creative than me.Clare is more creative than I.*This one is tricky. What is really being said is Clare is more creative than I am. The “am” is understood.

PrepositionsHelp add information to sentences.They can change the meaning:• I am standing by you.• I am standing next to you.• I am standing near you.• I am standing under you.

TRICK: Anywhere a cat can go helps you ID prepositions!

Improving Paragraphs: Complete 3rd

You are asked to make corrections to a “first draft” of a student’s essay.3-4 paragraphs long.Each paragraph contains numbered sentences.Don’t read the entire draft! Skim it for the main idea!Go directly to the questions-sentences you are asked to fix are right with the questions.Usually “No Error” is not a choice for these questions.

Revision Questions

Combination Questions

Combination Questions

Content Questions

Day 2 Homework:Drill 1,p. 324Drill 2, p. 326

Drill 3, p.334-35Drill 4, p. 342-43

due Wednesday morning

THE ESSAY

The Essay in 25 MinutesLength Counts-fill up the spaceWriting neatly countsWrite the Essay on your ANSWER BOOKLET-no credit if in test book. BUT you can write down ideas in your test book to help you get started!Off topic will score “0”If your essay appears not to be your own ideas, SAT score may be dismissed.

What is Graded on the Essay?

It is scored on a scale of 1-6 (30% of the writing score overall)Two people read it. IF they differ by more than 1 pt, a 3rd reader is brought in.This score is combined with your Grammar section score.What Matters?

Clear Point of View-Make a clear thesis at the end of the intro paragraphSupport Your Position with examples and details!Logical Structure-intro/body paragraphs (at least 2)/conclusion

ExamplesLet’s check out the example on page 353 & pages 354-55.

Writing PromptDescribe a goal or goals you have set for yourself and how you plan to accomplish this goal or goals.

*Format this writing with an introduction, body, and conclusion.

SAT Final TipsReview strategies with practice tests-get them online or you can buy review books with answers.Improve your vocabulary-study the “Hit Lit” or take online SAT vocabulary practice tests (Quizlet)

Right Before the Test

Eat a good breakfastWork out a few problems the morning of the test to get your brain workingArrive earlyBring the proper materials and IDSkip around in sections to get the easy questions firstTransfer answers at the end