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IAIA Boston Conference 2005-05-31 SEA Pre-study of Sonso Lagoon, Colombia

Strategic Environmental Assessment Pre-study of Sonso Lagoon

Colombia

Prepared by:

Berit Balfors, Kim Andersson & Juan Azcárate

KTH Land and Water

Resources Engineering

Presentation of Paper No. 241

IAIA Boston Conference May 31th, 2005


» Background- Study area: Cauca Valley and Sonso Lagoon

» Problem Statement

- Colombian Planning System

- Regional and Local Environmental and Socio-Economic Problems

» SEA Sonso Lagoon Case Study

- Overall Aims & Case Study Specific Aims

- Methodology

- Results

- Discussion and Conclusions

Contents


Venezuela

Brazil

Peru

Ecuador

Cauca Valley

COLOMBIA

Cali

Buga

SonsoLagoonYumbo

Palmira

» Study Area Buga

A. Maldonado

A. Guaymaral

El Vínculo

A. Guayabitos

A. Mocoa

Sonso Lagoon

Cauca River

El Porvenir

Puerto Bertín

CVC

New Canal

A. Garzonera

0

Background


Problem Statement

» Top-down Development & Environmental Plans

Development Plans Environmental Plans Responsible Institutions

Planning DepartmentNational Dev. Plans National Env. Plans

Regional Dev. Plans Regional Env. Plans

Municipal Dev. Plans Local Env. Plans

Ministry of Environment

Regional Env. AgenciesGovernors Offices

Municipal OfficesRegional Env. Agencies


SonsoLagoon

Cerrito

Yumbo

Buga

Cali

» Regional Environmental Problems


- Water Supply and Quality

Euthrofication

MotorwayDikes

Canal

» Local Environmental and Social Problems


Fish Migration

Loss of Natural Habitat Introduced Species

- Flora and Fauna


- Unemployment

- Education and Health

Fishing

Young Population Unhealthy Conditions


Informal Settlements

- Infrastructure

Environmental Agency Facilities


- Lawsuit against local environmental agency

- Lack of local stakeholder participation

- Lack of planning and control of lagoon

- Lagoon Management


» Overall Aims of this Study- Introduce the SEA Concept in a Colombian Setting

- Integrate SEA and Ramsar

- Stress the Importance of Public Participation

SEA Pre-Study for Sonso Lagoon


» Methodology

.

Post-fieldwork Study Phase

Pre-fieldwork Study Phase

-Group Creation

-Area background study

-Stakeholders and key issue identification

-Field strategies determined

-SEA literature review and nature of research established

-Action or iterative style research implemented-Data collection-Stakeholders and key issue continuous identification

- Literature review carried out- Data processing- Report elaboration (SEA process)

Time Fieldwork Study Phase

.

Post-fieldwork Study Phase

Pre-fieldwork Study Phase

-Group Creation





-Group Creation









Time Fieldwork Study Phase


Scenarios

Formulation of possible future scenarios

Scoping Identification of stakeholders and key issues

Baseline study Description of political, bio- physical and socio-economical situation

Screening Determine the need for SEA

Recommendations Possible steps towards strategic planning and sustainability

Key aspects Identification of problems, main interests and objectives

1 2 3

» Results

1. Screening – Programme level (multiple projects & scale)

– Past lagoon management experiences– Ramsar Convention & EU Directive on SEA

2. S/BS/KA – Iterative research process– Provided with research framework

3. Scenario/Recommendations– Zero scenario (current trends)– Ramsar/Socio-Economic scenario

- Introduction of Pre-Study Participation Based SEA Process

– Inclusion of a wide scope


» Discussion

- Gained Experiences with the Introduced of the Participation Based SEA Process

Takes time & resources

Might been seen as an obstacle (more paper work)Requires interdisciplinary team, hard to set up and pay for

Might fail to include all stakeholders (top-down policy nature, power)

Provides a wider scope + bottom-up approach to decision making

Aides to create development visionsHelps to highlight the need and importance of strategic planning

Provides a research framework

Aides to achieve just participation

Stimulates interdisciplinary work (different ideas, views)

Economic development is a priority - lack of political will


- SEA / Ramsar Integration

Shared values

» Discussion

- SEA impact assessment and mitigation- Ramsar promotes wetland conservation, wise use

Definition conflict

Integration generates positive synergies

- SEA considers socio-economic aspects- Ramsar focus on nature aspects

Ramsar promotes the use of SEA

- SEA: Baseline – starting point- Ramsar: Baseline – target condition


Development Plans Environmental Policies Responsible Institutions

Ministry of EnvironmentNational Dev. plans National Env. Plans

Regional Dev. Plans Regional Env. Plans

Municipal Dev. Plans Local Env. Programmes

Regional Env. Agencies

Local Env. Agencies

Objective & Participation Based SEA

Participation Based SEA

» Discussion

- SEA and Public Participation

Objective & Participation Based SEA


» Conclusions

A full-scale SEA should be implemented in Sonso Lagoon

Aides to incorporate Ramsar wetland conservation goals with

Helps to reach sustainable planning

-The introduced participative SEA process in the Pre-Study forSonso lagoon showed that:

the views of local stakeholders

Can lead to a bottom-up approach for environmental policy making


Thank you!

Juan Azcarate [email protected]

Kim Andersson [email protected]

http://www.lwr.kth.se/Publikationer/index.asp?entry=6

The SEA Pre-Study Sonso LagoonMaster of Science thesis can be download at:

Contacts:

Berit [email protected]

mailto:[email protected]


http://www.lwr.kth.se/Publikationer/index.asp?entry=6



BACK UP SLIDES


- Socio-Economic Key Aspects -Bio-Physical Key Aspects

- Hydrodynamics

- Water quality

- Flora & fauna

- Infrastructure

- Local economy

- Education & health

- Lagoon management

Scoping Baseline study Key aspects Scenarios Recomm.Screening

» Identified Key Aspects

A. Guaymaral

El Vínculo

A. Sepulturos

A. Garzonera

Cauca

N

River

A. Guayabitos

UpgradedEl Porvenir

New Canal

UpgradedPuerto Bertin

0 500m 1000m

SonsoSonso

LagoonLagoon

A. Mocoa

A.M

aldo

nado

Water hyacinth

Settled NatureReserve boundary

Marsh land

Eco-Toursit paths

Appendix IX Ramsar/Socio-Economic Scenario

SEA Pre-study of Sonso Lagoon, Colombia MSc Thesis, KTH, 2005 K. Andersson and J. Azcárate

LEGEND

Yotoco

Planted wetland forestConstructed canals

Fish ladder

Damming

Constructed Wetland

Constructed Wetland

Wetland & ProductiveForest

Constructed canal

Damming(sediment trap)

Fish ladder

Mixed vegetation (grass/bush/tree)

Areas of grazing and non-grazing alternation

Restricted accesibility

Bird watching tower

Bosque de las Chatas

Defined borderline with vegetation or fence

Original map by Corporación Autonoma Region del Valle del Cauca

Upgraded CVC main facilities

Upgradedsettlements areas

CVC infocentre &parking lot

Productive forests

ChinamperoSystem

Organic sugarcane &Cattle activities Bird watching platform

A. Guaymaral

El Vínculo

A. Sepulturos

A. Garzonera

Cauca

N

River

A. Guayabitos

UpgradedEl Porvenir

New Canal

UpgradedPuerto Bertin

0 500m 1000m

SonsoSonso

LagoonLagoon

A. Mocoa

A.M

aldo

nado

Water hyacinth

Settled NatureReserve boundary

Marsh land

Eco-Toursit paths

Appendix IX Ramsar/Socio-Economic Scenario

SEA Pre-study of Sonso Lagoon, Colombia MSc Thesis, KTH, 2005 K. Andersson and J. Azcárate

LEGEND

Yotoco

Planted wetland forestConstructed canals

Fish ladder

Damming

Constructed Wetland

Constructed Wetland

Wetland & ProductiveForest

Constructed canal

Damming(sediment trap)

Fish ladder

Mixed vegetation (grass/bush/tree)

Areas of grazing and non-grazing alternation

Restricted accesibility

Bird watching tower

Bosque de las Chatas

Defined borderline with vegetation or fence

Original map by Corporación Autonoma Region del Valle del Cauca

Upgraded CVC main facilities

Upgradedsettlements areas

CVC infocentre &parking lot

Productive forests

ChinamperoSystem

Organic sugarcane &Cattle activities Bird watching platform


National Regional Local

National highway

Cauca River

Sonso

Lagoon

Socio

-econ

omy Management/

Education/Law/Taxation

Indus

tries/M

unici

paliti

es/

Agricu

lture

Nature Conservation

Legal and Financial IncentivesEducational Campaigns

Stra

tegic

Plan

ning

CVC

Fish and farmingactivitiesEco-tourism

Cali

Yumbo

Cerrito

NGOs

Loca

ls

Landowners

Expe

rts

Puerto Bertin

El Porvenir

Habitat Variation

Constructed

Wetlands

BufferZ

ones

Wetland Management

Nature Reserve Management


National highway

Cauca River

Sonso

Lagoon

Socio

-

Management/


Indus

tries/M

unici

paliti

es/

Agricu

lture

Nature Conservation


Stra

tegic

Plan

ning

CVC


Cali

Yumbo

Cerrito

NGOs

Loca

ls

Landowners

Expe

rts

Puerto Bertin

El Porvenir

Habitat Variation

Constructed

Wetlands

BufferZ

ones

Wetland Management



National highway

National highway

Cauca River

Sonso

Lagoon

Socio

-econ

omic Management/


Indus

tries/M

unici

paliti

es/

Agricu

lture

Nature Conservation


Stra

tegic

Plan

ning

CVC


Cali

Yumbo

Cerrito

NGOs

Loca

ls

Landowners

Expe

rts

Puerto Bertin

El Porvenir

Habitat Variation

Constructed

WetlandsConstructed

Wetlands

BufferZ

ones

Wetland Management


Source: Andersson, K. and Azcarate, J. (2005)SEA Pre-Study of Sonso Lagoon, Colombia. MSc Thesis KTH

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