CHAPTER 1

EARLY HUMANS

Historian – person who studies and writes about the human past

(i.e. Bible, Dead Sea Scrolls, books about the past)

Archaeologist – person or scientist who studies about past human

life by studying fossils and artifacts

- hunt for evidence buried in the ground or caves

Anthropologist – scientist who studies the physical characteristics

and cultures of humans and their ancestors

- study how humans developed and how they are

related to one another1-1

CHAPTER 1

EARLY HUMANS

Stone Age

Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) – means “old stone”

(2.5 million years ago until 8000 B.C.)

- People were hunter-gatherers – searched for food

-Nomads – people who constantly move; always adapting

to new environments

- Learned to tame fire, cook with it – key to survival

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CHAPTER 1

EARLY HUMANS

Stone Age

Paleolithic (Old Stone Age) continued:

- Developed spoken language

- Were the first to use technology – tools and methods to help

humans perform tasks

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CHAPTER 1

EARLY HUMANS

Stone Age

Neolithic (New Stone Age) – (8000 B.C. – 4000 B.C.)

- People began to domesticate (tame) animals and plants for

human use

- People learned how to grow food

- Farming Revolution - farming replaced hunting and gathering

- Most important event in human history

- People began to settle in one place (permanent homes, villages)

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CHAPTER 1

EARLY HUMANS

Stone Age

Neolithic (New Stone Age)

- With steady food supplies, populations grew

- Began trading food

- First people to practice specialization – the development of

different kinds of jobs

- Began making other goods such as pottery, mats, cloth, bronze

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CHAPTER 1

EARLY HUMANS

Stone Age

Neolithic (New Stone Age)

Effects of Farming

- Steady food supplies, populations grew

- Began trading food

- First people to practice specialization – the development of

different kinds of other jobs

- Began making other goods such as pottery, mats, cloth, bronze1-2