stoichiometry
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Stoichiometry. http://www.unit5.org/chemistry/Stoichiometry.html. Table of Contents ‘Stoichiometry’. Balancing Chemical Equations Avogadro’s Number Molar Mass Combustion Reactions Synthesis Reactions Single Replacement Reactions Activity Series Double Replacement Reactions. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Stoichiometry
http://www.unit5.org/chemistry/Stoichiometry.html
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Table of Contents‘Stoichiometry’
Balancing Chemical EquationsAvogadro’s NumberMolar Mass
Combustion ReactionsSynthesis ReactionsSingle Replacement Reactions
Activity SeriesDouble Replacement Reactions
Mole Island DiagramLimiting ReactantsGeneric Stoichiometry
Air Bag DesignWater from a CamelRocket FuelWater in SpaceExcess Reactant
Classes of Reactions
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Stoichiometry
You should understand
Moles, mass, representative particles (atoms, molecules, formula units), molar mass, and Avogadro’s number.
The percent composition of an element in a compound.
Balanced chemical equations: for example, for a given mass of a reactant, calculate the amount of produced.
Limiting reactants: calculate the amount of product formed when given the amounts of all the reactants present.
The percent yield of a reaction.
Reactions in solution: given the molarity and the volume of the reactants,calculate the amount of product produced or the amount of reactantrequired to react.
Molarity; preparation of solutions.
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Some common collections and the numbers of items in them.
Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 179
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CH4 + 2 O2 CO2 + 2 H2O
Reactants Products 1 C atom 1 C atom 4 H atoms 4 H atoms 4 O atoms 4 O atoms
Timberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 167
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Reactants Products
UnbalancedTimberlake, Chemistry 7th Edition, page 164
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Cl
Cl
ClH
H
H
ClClCl
Cl HHH
H
H2 + Cl2 HCl H2 + Cl2 2 HCl
reactants products
H
Cl
reactants products
H
Cl
22
2 22 2
11
(unbalanced) (balanced)
Unbalanced and Balanced Equations
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Meaning of Chemical Formula
Chemical Symbol Meaning Composition
H2O One molecule of water:
Two H atoms and one O atom
2 H2O Two molecules of water:
Four H atoms and two O atoms
H2O2 One moleculeof hydrogenperoxide:
Two H atoms and two O atoms