steven gollmer cedarville university env. systems: page 1 hon-3230 chance, emergence or design...
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Steven GollmerCedarville University
Env. Systems: Page 1
HON-3230
Chance, Emergence or Design
Origin of Ecological Environments
Steven GollmerCedarville University
Env. Systems: Page 2
Classification System• Kingdom (Monera, Protista , Plantae, Fungi,
Animalia)• Phylum (Chordata)• Class (Mammalia)• Order (Proboscidea)• Family (Elephantidae)• Genus (Loxodonta)• Species (africana)
Steven GollmerCedarville University
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Natural Selection• More offspring produced than those that survive to
reproductive age.
• Heritable variation exists among members of each species.
• Best adapted to get resources most likely to produce progeny.
• Each species becomes well adapted to reproducing in its environment.
• Change in environment may select for other features.
• Isolated populations diverge when placed under different selective pressures.
Steven GollmerCedarville University
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Common Ancestry
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Discontinuity
Actual
Punctuated Equilibrium
Darwinian Evolution
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Geological Column• Cenozoic
– Quarternary (2.5 M) Large Mammals– Tertiary (65 M) First primates
• Mesozoic– Cretaceous (145 M) Flowering plants– Jurassic (210 M) Dinosaurs– Triassic (250 M) First mammals
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Geological Column• Paleozoic
– Permian (290 M) Reptiles, large insects– Carboniferous (365 M) Large amphibians, coal
forests– Devonian (415 M) First forests and amphibians– Silurian (465 M) First land plants– Ordovician (510 M) First vertebrates– Cambrian (575 M) Marine shelled invertebrates
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Cambrian Explosion
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Mass Extinctions• Early Cambrian (Marine invertebrates)
• Late Ordovician (Fish)
• Late Devonian (Amphibians)
• Permo-Triassic (End of trilobites)
• Late Triassic (Initiated rise of dinosaurs)
• Cretaceous-Tertiary (Dinosaur extinction)
• Holocene (Humans)
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Biodiversity• # Species (1.5 - 1.8 M)
– Est. 3.6 – 100 M
– Species rate 1 per million years
– 1/2 plants & animals extinct by 2100
• Mass extinction– Biodiversity destroyed
– Disaster species fill habitable spaces
– Lazarus species reappear
– Evolve to full, original variety
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Separation by a Global Flood
• Motility
• Buoyancy
• Ecological Zonation
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Origins by Ariel Roth
Missing LinksSedimentary Deposits
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Evolutionary Evidence
• Homology– Structural
– Biochemical
• Embryology• Fossil Record• Darwin Finches
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Rapid Phenotypic Change
• Hopeful Monster– Rapid evolutionary change in
geological scales.
• Punctuated equilibrium– Eldredge & Gould
• Evo-Devo– Developmental-genetic toolkit– Hox genes– Endless Forms Most Beautiful, S.
Carroll