stem cell day talk without videos zs
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Stem Cells andRegenerative
Medicine
Zach Scheiner,PhD
Science Ofcer
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What are stem cells? What arethe di erent types o stem cells
Why should we study stemcells? What potential therapies
co!ld they provide
What are some o the challengesacing stem cell research
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"ll Stem Cells
Can#$% Sel &Rene'
(% Di erentiate
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Sel &Rene'al )symmetric celldivision*
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S+in Progenitor Cell
S+in Cell
e!ral Progenitor Cell
e!ron )-rain Cell*
Stem CellEmbryonic
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Stem Cell .ypes• /m0ryonic 1 pl!ripotent2 can
ormalmost any cell type in the h!man
0ody
• .iss!e&Speci3c )"d!lt* 1m!ltipotent2 can orm only limitedtypes o cells )0lood, 0rain, liver,
etc%*
•4nd!ced Pl!ripotent
1en ineered
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Conception in a Dish4n 5itro 6ertili7ation
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Day 1
4n 5itro 6ertili7ation
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Day 1
4n 5itro Development
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Day 2
4n 5itro Development
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Day 2
4n 5itro Development
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Day 3
4n 5itro Development
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Day 4
4n 5itro Development
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EmbryonicStemCells
Day 5
4n 5itro Development
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This cell can form all of the
cells in the human body
This cell can formalmost every cell ty e
in the human body
!ully mature
ll
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8!man em0ryonic stem cells inc!lt!re
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6l!orescent imaging oh!man em0ryonic stem cell
colonies
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What Diseases Do StemCells .reat 8ave the
Potential to .reatC!rrently .reat
& -lood Diseases )incl!dingimm!ne system disorders*& 9enetic meta0olicdisorders (verylimited/experimental)
& .iss!e:organ replacement(very limited/experimental)
Potential to .reat
& 8eart Disease& e!rological Diseases)Par+inson;s, "l7heimer;s,8!ntington;s < others*& Stro+e
& .ype $ Dia0etes& Mac!lar Degeneration )acommon ca!se o 0lindness*& Cancer& 845:"4DS& Spinal Cord 4n=!ry& M!ltiple Sclerosis& ;
Potential to .reat
& 8eart Disease& e!rological Diseases)Par+inson;s , "l7heimer;s,8!ntington;s < others*& Stro+e
& .ype $ Dia0etes& Mac!lar Degeneration )acommon ca!se o 0lindness*& Cancer& 845:"4DS& Spinal Cord 4n=!ry& M!ltiple Sclerosis& ;
"andmore#
C!rr ently .reat
& -lood Diseases )incl!dingimm!ne system disorders*& 9enetic meta0olicdisorders (verylimited/experimental)
& .iss!e:organ replacement(very limited/experimental)
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-one Marro' )8ematopoietic Stem Cell* .ransplant
/?ample o a tiss!e&speci3c stem cell therapy
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.rachea transplantation/?ample o tiss!e&speci3c stem cell&0ased tiss!e
replacement
$lic% on Picture to Play &ideo
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.iss!e&speci3c )ad!lt* stem
cells are po'er !l andpromising@Why do researchers study
embryonic stem cells?• .iss!e&speci3c stem cells are limitedin their di erentiation potential )0lood
0lood*•Stem cells rom some tiss!es areinaccessi0le•Some tiss!e&speci3c stem cells don;t
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/m0ryonic Stem&Cell
Derived 8eart M!scleCells
$lic% on Pictures to Play &ideos
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/m0ryonic Stem
Cells
5ideo2 Dia0etes " C4RM Disease .eam
5ideo2"ge&Related Mac!lar Degene
ration )"MD*
http://diabetes_final_1280x720.mov/http://amd_cirm.mov/http://amd_cirm.mov/http://amd_cirm.mov/http://amd_cirm.mov/http://diabetes_final_1280x720.mov/
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5ideo2 C4RM Disease .eam or .ype $Dia0etes
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5ideo2 C4RM Disease .eam or "ge&Related Mac!lar Degeneration )"MD* 1
/ye Disease
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What are some o thechallenges acing
em0ryonic stem cellresearch
• Di erentiation o stem cellsinto
mat!re, !nctional cells
• Potential or t!morormation
4 d! d Pl! i S )iPS*
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4nd!ced Pl!ripotent Stem )iPS*Cells
9enetically engineering ne' stem cells
Skin cells iPS cells
Pros2 o em0ryosreA!ired o imm!nere=ection Disease in a dish
Cons2 May not 0e B to/SCs
9eneticallyen ineered
5ir!sengineeredto e?press o!r+ey
pl!ripotencygenes
5id 2 P +i di &i &
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5ideo2 Par+inson;s disease&in&a&dish
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"c+no'ledgements& .odd D!0nico & "my "dams& >a!rel -archas
www.cirm.ca.gov
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/?tra Slides
! l ll d !
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e!ral stem cells or dr!gdelivery
6oc!sed delivery o chemotherapy or cancer
NSCsinjected
(no tumor)
NSCsinjected(tumor)
Day 0 Day 7 Day 14
Shah et al. Dev Neurosci 2004
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Stem cells or dr!g delivery6oc!sed delivery o chemotherapy or cancer
"nother C4RM Disease .eam
enetically En!ineeredNeural Stem Cells
"ice are !i#en a non$to%ic dru!& 'hich theneural stem cells cancon#ert to an acti#e dru!to shrin tumors
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Milestones in /m0ryonicDevelopment
• Days E&$F2 /m0ryo implants in the !ter!s• Day $F2 .hree distinct layers 0egin to
orm )no more em0ryonic stem cells*
• Days $F&($2 -eginning o !t!re nervo!ssystem
• Days ($&(F2 -eginning o !t!re head,
nec+, mo!th, and nose• Wee+s G&H2 -eginning o organ ormation• Wee+ H2 /m0ryo is called a et!s