Status of MINOS

Mark MessierIndiana University

NOONWorkshopKanazawa, Japan11 February 2003

Elmhurst Fermilab Harvard IHEPBeijing Indiana ITEPMoscowArgonne Athens Brookhaven Caltech Cambridge Chicago

James Madison Lebedev Livermore UCLLondon MacalesterProtvino Rutherford South Carolina Stanford Sussex

Texas A&M TexasAustin Tufts Western Washington Wisconsin

Over 250 Phyysicists and Enggineers at over 30 Institutions

The MINOS Collaboration

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∆m2 = 5× 10-3 eV2

Eν = 3 GeV

L = 735 km, sin22Θ = 1

∆m2 = 3× 10-3 eV2

Eν = 1.7 GeV

P(ν µ

ν µ)

∆m2 = 1× 10-3 eV2

Eν = 0.6 GeV

Eν (GeV)

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P(νµ-νµ) = 1-sin (1.27∆m L/E)2 2

Neutrino beam from Fermilab Main Injector (up to 25 GeV)Two detectors, one at Fermilab, one in Soudan, MinnesotaCompare neutrino energy spectra at both sites to measureoscillation probability

MINOS Experiment

120 GeV/c protons strike graphite targetMagnetic horns focus charged mesons (pions and kaons)Pions and kaons decay giving neutrinos

- 1 spill every 1.9 seconds- 4e13 protons/10 µsec spill- 3.8e20 protons/year

πµ

ν

π,Khadron and muonmonitoring stations

MINOSDetectorsHadronAbsorber

Magnetic horns

Target

Decay Pipel = 677 m, r=1 m

L = 1.04 km to Near, 735 km to Far Detector

pp

Neutrinos at the Main Injector (NuMI)

Vary target and horn positions to selectlow, medium, and high energy neutrino beams

Fermilab Site

735 kmto Soudan M

N

MINOS Near Detector

NuMI Absorber

NuMI Target Area

νν

Low Energy

Medium Energy

High EnergyEvent TotalsHE: 2740ME: 1270LE: 470

Eν (GeV)

ν µCCevents/kt/yr/GeV

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Low Energy Beam

Medium Energy Beam

High Energy Beam

Target

Target

Target

z = 1.30 m

z = 3.96 m

z = 0.34 m2nd Hornz = 10.0m

2nd Hornz = 22.0m

2nd Hornz = 40.0m

NuMI Beam SpectraVary target and horn 2 position for different beam tunes

Low energy beam selected to start

The MINOS Far DetectorSteel / Scintillator2.5 cm thick steel plates4 cm x 1 cm polystyrene- encased in Al cover15,000 Amp-turn coil

486 layers 5.4 kTon

Readout:WLS fibers gludes intogrove in scintillatordouble sided readout

Hamamatsu M16 PMT's8 fibers/pixel

IDE VA front end chipspulseheight and time

GPS to sync. to MI spill

1 of 2 super-modules248 planes: 8m x 8m x 15m

Coil Bypass28

28

2828

20202020

• 8 modules cover onefar detector steel plane

• Four 20-wide modulesin middle (perp. ends)

• Four 28-wide moduleson edges (45 degends)

• Two center moduleshave coil-hole cutout

Far Detector Module Layout

‘u’ - view

‘v’ - view

ghost hits due tooptical summing

strip

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plane #

Simulated Muon Neutrino Interaction

1 Ton version of the far detector

290 m downstream of hadron absorberbeam size is small

4 regions:veto, target, shower, spectrometer

Construction is as similiar to far detectoras possible

Readout:

Hamamatsu M64 PMT's

High instantaneous rates(~50 events/8 usec spill)

Fast front end electronics needed: FNAL QIE ships (based on KTeV version)

MINOS Near Detector

E (GeV)reco E (GeV)reco E (GeV)reco

E (GeV)recoE (GeV)recoE (GeV)reco

Low Energy Beam10 kt-yr Exposure (2 years at 3.8E20 POT/yr)

sin 2Θ = 0.92

Dip below 0.5is signature ofoscillations

∆m = 0.002 eV22 ∆m = 0.0035 eV22 ∆m = 0.005 eV22Ratio

MuonNeutrinoEvents

MINOS Energy Spectra

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MINOS 90% CL(10 kt-yr)

Super-Kamiokande 90% CL(1144 days)

Low Energy Beam

sin 2Θ2

∆m(eV)2

2

0.006

edium Energy Beam

High Energy Beam

MINOS Parameter Measurements

Select electron showers based on neural netanalysis of shower shapes

true neutrino energy (GeV)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Fraction

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Neutral Current

(before Evis cut)

(photoelectrons)E0 200 400 600 800 1000

#events

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BackgroundSignal+Background

Signal Region

U = 0.01e32

νµ- νe

νµ CC

TOT26 Neutral Current5 Beam νe4 νµ CC3 νµ-ντ

8 νµ - νeν νeν

MINOS Low Energy Beam

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Electron Neutrino Appearance

m = 0.003 eV∆ 2 2U = 0.01e32

ν -νµ e

νe5 Beam

µν4ν − ντµ3

8

26 Neutral Current

Event Rates

2|e3|U10-3 10-2 10-1 1

10-4

10-3

10-2

10-1∆m

(eV)

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CHOOZ 90%MINOS Expected (10 kt-yr)

Super-K Allowed∆m Region2

MINOS Electron Neutrino Appearance

NuMI Construction

Surface at target hall Pre-target area

Target Hall Near Detector HallNuMI Excavation completeOutfitting underway. Occupancy November '03

NuMI Horn ComponentsHorn 1 prototype:Strip line and clamp installed @MI8~2 million test pulses

Horn 2:Welding and nickel coating completeConstruction well within specs.Assembly will start soon

Horn 1: Welding in progress

Horn 2 inner conductor during welding

MINOS Far Detector

veto shield

p y

Near Detector Assembly at New Muon Lab

Near detector modules areassembled on surface

Practicing underground installation

Upward-Going Muons

Calibrate time responsewith cosmic muons.σ ~ 2.6 ns

Allows for upward/downward-goingdescrimination

time resid. (ns)

SM1 Running w/ field since July 2002

(very preliminary)

Expect ~100 upmu's /year/2 super-modulesCan sign-select up to ~40 GeV

Atmospheric Neutrinoνµ Event

u-view

v-view

z-position (m)y-position (m)

front view z-position (m)

u/vposition(m)

y-position(m)

z-position (m)

time(ns)

time(ns)

Real data!upward goingpartially-contained

Veto Shield

Reconstructed verticies ofcosmic-ray muon events

MINOS is not hermetic. Cosmic-rays can fakecontained events

Install prototype shield to veto comic raysfrom fully- and partially-contained samples

r=3.5 m4.1 k-ton

Understanding MINOSCalibration detector at CERNe/µ/π/p test beamsSets absolute energy scale for MINOScross--check differences in near and far electronics

Understanding NuMIMIPP hadron production experimentWill make measurements of hadronproduction using NuMI target inaddition to surveys of thin targetsin range from 15-120 GeVFirst data expected this summer

NuMINuMI Tunnel Excavation completeOccupancy of target hall in November 2003Smooth progress on technical componentsCommission beam in December 2004First NuMI run January 2005

MINOSFar detector complete. Magnetized since July 2002First atmospheric neutrino data with B-field!upward-going muonsfully-contained and partially contained muonsComplete far detector by end of summer 2003

Summary