status of europe’s water and challenges for water policy beate werner & peter kristensen...
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Status of Europe’s Water and Challenges for Water Policy
Beate Werner & Peter KristensenEuropean Environment Agency
June 4th, 2012
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Nov 2012Blueprint
ToSafeguardEU Waters
WFDRiver BasinManagement Plans
Climate ChangeVulnerability& Adaptation
ReviewWater Scarcity& Droughts Strategy
2012 Blueprint to safeguard EU Waters: EEA support - status assessments and water accounts
Outlook of
sustainability and
vulnerability of EU water resources
« Fitness Check»
EU water policy
Policy Options
- Land-use- Ressource efficiency
- Economic InstrumentsGouvernanc
e-Knowledge
Base
EEA role Art. 18 thematic assessments - status, efficiency, vulnarability
Water accounts; Overview assessment
water resource risks; methodologies
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2012 EEA reports1.Towards efficient
use of water resources in Europe2. Status of Freshwater
ecosystems and Biodiversity
3. Vulnerability
4. Synthesis
2009
20122010
Towards the 2012 “Blueprint to safeguard Europe’s water resources”
WFD assessmentWater accounts
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Country review with Eionet and WFD community
4
Detailed Background documents by EEA/ETC:
• Ecological Status
• Hydromrphological status
• Water Scarcity&Drought
• Floods
Detailed Background documents by EEA/ETC:
• Ecological Status
• Hydromrphological status
• Water Scarcity&Drought
• Floods
•Eionet Workshop
29/30 March
• commenting
Mid March to mid April
•Eionet Workshop
29/30 March
• commenting
Mid March to mid April
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Tech
. R
ep
s.
Structuring 2012 thematic assessments
5
EfficiencyBaseline status
Vulnerabilityincl. Water accounts
HYMOECOSTAT
EEA
-rep
ort
s
Synthesis
Other EEA reports
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Coordination EEA thematic assessments and Blueprint
6
EU H2O6th WWF
Impact assessmentIA - consultation
RE Rep
Syn thesis
Jan. March Nov.
Inf. Council CY
June
EIONET-review & WS
Hymo, Ecostat as technical reports on the web with web announcement RE, Vul and Syn as full EEA reports printed and launched;
Drought Forum CY
Vul. Rep
Policy options
Status
BP + ImpA
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River Basin Management Plans
WISE-WFD
database
WISE-WFD
database
• 104 000 river water bodies (1.2 million km of rivers – average WB length 11.3 km)• 19 000 lake water bodies (two-thirds in Sweden and Finland)• 1000 transitional and 2950 coastal water bodies
26 Member States (- Slovenia) 156 River Basin Districts
State of Europe’s Waters
State of Europe’s Waters
European results
European results
MapsMapsCountry comparisons
Country comparisons
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European overview of Ecological status% of water bodies in less than good status per RBD
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European overview of Ecological status
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Eionet workshop 29-30 March 2012Author: Anne Lyche Solheim, NIVA, ETC-ICM
European overview of pollution pressures pressures
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11
Application of fertiliser and Manure, source JRC
Nitrate concen-tration per RBD
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• Downward trends in water quality due to improved urban and industrial wastewater! Although these trends have levelled in recent years.
UWWTD needs still full implementation
Pollution from diffuse and point sources are still affecting many European surface waters
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Eionet workshop 29-30 March 2012Author: Anne Lyche Solheim, NIVA, ETC-ICM
European overview of HyMo pressures
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Barriers and transverse structuresDredging for navigationMorphological changes
Abstraction and flow regulation and water level regulation
Hydromorphological pressures are causing altered habitats and affecting the ecological status.
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Main pressures and impacts in rivers and lakesRi
vers
Lake
s
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Rivers ecological status and pollution pressures
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Main pressures in riversPoint and diffuse pollution Hydromorphological pressures
Eionet workshop 29-30 March 2012Author: Anne Lyche Solheim, NIVA, ETC/ICM
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Lakes ecological status and pollution pressures
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Main pressures in lakesPoint and diffuse pollution Hydromorphological pressures
Eionet workshop 29-30 March 2012Author: Anne Lyche Solheim, NIVA, ETC/ICM
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Rivers ecological status and pressures relations to population density and arable landPopulation density Arable land
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Ecological status, pressures and impacts:
• More than half of the surface water bodies in Europe are in less than good ecological status or potential.
• Rivers and transitional waters are reported to have worse ecological status or potential and more pressures and impacts than water bodies in lakes and coastal waters.
• The main pressures are diffuse pollution causing nutrient enrichment, and hydromorphological pressures causing altered habitats.
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Water accounts to assess water stress and vulnerability – EU level• Implementation of “Ecosystem accounting” at EU
level, with special regards to water– Pilot adapted Water accounts module of the SEEA (UNSD
international statistical standard) • at EU level • possible methodology for further guidance.
– Adapting SEEAW (for regional / seasonal assessments)– Establish common spatial reference systems and related
data sharing processes in SEIS (Shared Environmental Information System)
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Boundaries of sustainability for competing water uses
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Water accounts conceptual model
• SEEAW concept : water balances in a strict accounting framework so to link the physical and economic worlds
The accounting spatial unit: ‘territory of reference’, made of ‘statistical units’
Analysis carried out across the inland resource system (natural assets) and the economy
Exchanges between the different components: rain on soil that receives irrigation; rivers fill reservoirs used for abstraction and supply; etc.
Linking the economic and pricing information into the analysis
• Applies to the physical catchments
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WEI – with country data in development with WS&D EN
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Water uses and towards regional – seasonal WEI
•Water uses under reconstructing / apportioning under NACE.•Example: domestic demand
Source: Pöyry from EEA data Reference Ecrins
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Water governance towards 2020
Knowing hydrological Knowing hydrological RealityReality
Water accounts; water resource management
ChallengesChallengesCC; interdependencies
systemic risks
Tailormade measuresTailormade measuresbased on
Status and Pressure assessments,
WFD implementation
• Best comparable knowledgebase on RBD level
• Integration quantity and quality• Sectoral policy integration• Participation/communication & transparancy
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Four challenges for Europe’s Waters• Overuse of fertilisers and
diffuse pollution of surface and groundwater
• Water use for irrigation
• Drainage and affects of small water bodies and wetlands
• Barriers, transverse structures
• changes for water abstraction, flow and water level regulation
• Dredging for navigation, and abstraction of e.g. gravel.
• Climate change challenges water quantity and quality
• Water scarcity , droughts are increasingly forcing equitable resource allocation
• Flood risks require rethinking of land management
• Systemic challenges require integrated advanced policy solutions
• Communication vital; and solutions to be found on River basin level
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Thank you for you attention