statistical analysis of neural data - columbia universityliam/teaching/neurostat-spr07/... ·...
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Statistical analysis of neural data:
Classification-based approaches
Liam Paninski
Department of Statistics and Center for Theoretical Neuroscience
Columbia University
http://www.stat.columbia.edu/∼liam
January 17, 2007
— Thanks to J. Pillow, E. Simoncelli for slides.
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Computing the STA
— just cross-correlate spikes and ~x.
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STA defines a “direction” in stimulus space
STA is unbiased estimate of ~k if p(stim) is radially symmetric:
(Chichilnisky, 2001).
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Retinal example
(Chichilnisky, 2001)
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Need to account for prior covariance!
(Theunissen et al., 2001)
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Asymmetric examples: STA failures
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What if symmetric nonlinearity? Or
> 1 filter?
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Spike-triggered covariance
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Example from fly visual system
(Brenner et al., 2001)
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V1 cells aren’t so simple
(Rust et al., 2005)
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Choose most modulatory direction
(Paninski, 2003; Sharpee et al., 2004)
Proof that this gives correct ~k requires info theory - will come
back to this in a couple lectures
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Predictions from neighbor activity in V1
(Tsodyks et al., 1999)
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Predictions from neighbor activity in V1
(Tsodyks et al., 1999)
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Predictions from neighbor activity in V1
(Tsodyks et al., 1999)
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Combining kinematic, neighbor activity in MI
-0. 2 0 0.2 0.41
0
1
time (sec)
kinematic filter (k)
-1
0
1
2
filtere
d s
ignal
kinneur
1
2
3
400.5
cell
num
neural weight (ai)
0
5
10
15
pre
dic
ted r
ate
(H
z)
-1 0 10
5
10
15
filtered signal
firing r
ate
(H
z)
nonlinearity (f)
0 2 4 6 8 10
time (sec)
targ
et spik
e tra
in
-5
0
5
hand p
os (
cm
) xy
(Paninski et al., 2004)
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Combining place field and neighbor
activity in hippocampus
(Harris et al., 2003)
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STA is biased if spikes
history-dependent
(Pillow and Simoncelli, 2003)
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ReferencesBrenner, N., Bialek, W., and de Ruyter van Steveninck, R. (2001). Adaptive rescaling optimizes information
transmission. Neuron, 26:695–702.
Chichilnisky, E. (2001). A simple white noise analysis of neuronal light responses. Network: Computation in
Neural Systems, 12:199–213.
Harris, K., Csicsvari, J., Hirase, H., Dragoi, G., and Buzsaki, G. (2003). Organization of cell assemblies in the
hippocampus. Nature, 424:552–556.
Paninski, L. (2003). Convergence properties of some spike-triggered analysis techniques. Network: Computation
in Neural Systems, 14:437–464.
Paninski, L., Fellows, M., Shoham, S., Hatsopoulos, N., and Donoghue, J. (2004). Superlinear population
encoding of dynamic hand trajectory in primary motor cortex. J. Neurosci., 24:8551–8561.
Pillow, J. and Simoncelli, E. (2003). Biases in white noise analysis due to non-Poisson spike generation.
Neurocomputing, 52:109–115.
Rust, N., Schwartz, O., Movshon, A., and Simoncelli, E. (2005). Spatiotemporal elements of macaque V1
receptive fields. Neuron, 46:945–956.
Sharpee, T., Rust, N., and Bialek, W. (2004). Analyzing neural responses to natural signals: Maximally
informative dimensions. Neural Computation, 16:223–250.
Theunissen, F., David, S., Singh, N., Hsu, A., Vinje, W., and Gallant, J. (2001). Estimating spatio-temporal
receptive fields of auditory and visual neurons from their responses to natural stimuli. Network:
Computation in Neural Systems, 12:289–316.
Tsodyks, M., Kenet, T., Grinvald, A., and Arieli, A. (1999). Linking spontaneous activity of single cortical
neurons and the underlying functional architecture. Science, 286:1943–1946.