states of matter podcast 1 chapter 12.1 gases. chapter vocabulary kinetic molecular theory elastic...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
States of Matter Podcast 1
Chapter 12.1
Gases
![Page 2: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Chapter Vocabulary
• Kinetic molecular theory• Elastic collision• Temperature• Diffusion• Effusion• Pressure• Barometer• Pascal• Atmosphere• Dalton’s Law of Partial
Pressures
• Intermolecular forces (review)
• Viscosity• Surface tension• Surfactant• Cohesion• Adhesion• Melting point/boiling point• Vaporization• Evaporation• Vapor pressure
![Page 3: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Kinetic Molecular Theory
![Page 4: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Kinetic Energy
KE = ½ m v2
Temperature:
![Page 5: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Pressure
P = F/A
Gas pressure results from gas particles colliding with the container
The more collisions and the more energy for each collision, the higher the pressure
![Page 6: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Barometer
![Page 7: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Manometer
![Page 8: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Units of Pressure
![Page 9: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Movement of Gas Molecules
Diffusion
Effusion
![Page 10: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Graham’s Law of Effusion
Graham’s Law of Effusion
=
![Page 11: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Balloons are made of rubber, which is porous enough for some gas particles to escape over time.
Q: Which balloon would go flat the fastest; a balloon filled with helium or a balloon filled with air?
![Page 12: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Practice Problem 1
In an experiment, nitrogen gas effuses at a rate of 25 mol/s and an unknown gas effuses at 50 mol/s. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas?
![Page 13: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Practice Problem 2
It takes 3.5 minutes for a sample of Xe to effuse. A different unknown gas takes only 1.2 minutes to effuse. What is the molar mass of the unknown gas?
![Page 14: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
![Page 15: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Sample Problem 3In a mixture of O2, CO2, and N2, the total pressure is found
to be 205 kPa. If CO2 has a partial pressure of 55 kPa and N2 has a partial pressure of 125 kPa in the mixture, what is the partial pressure of the oxygen gas?
![Page 16: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Sample Problem 4
Air is a mixture of 78% N2, 21% O2, 1% Ar, and trace amounts of other gases. If the total pressure is 760 mmHg, find the partial pressure of each gas.
![Page 17: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Mole Fraction
For a mixture of gases:
XA = nA / nT
![Page 18: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Derived from Daltons’ Law of Partial Pressures
PA = XA * PT
number of molA
total number of mol
The partial pressure of one gas in a mixture is equal to the ratio of gas molecules in the mixture x the total pressure
X PTPA =
![Page 19: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Sample Problem 556 g of N2 gas are mixed with 128 g of O2 g at a
total pressure of 1.5 atm.
a)What is the mole fraction of N2?
b)What is the partial pressure of N2?
![Page 20: States of Matter Podcast 1 Chapter 12.1 Gases. Chapter Vocabulary Kinetic molecular theory Elastic collision Temperature Diffusion Effusion Pressure Barometer](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022051401/5697bfa31a28abf838c968a7/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)