Statement of the ProblemUntil now there had been no studies that examine the confluence of themes found in a kalinga peace pact celebration as they relate the role of music in the construction of place.This thesis analyzes one peace pact ceremony. It will examine how this ceremony provides contexts for social processes of making music and place.Theories of place creation from anthro, ethno and geography will supplement ethnographic writings in kalinga as well as my own field research dataSignificance of the StudyThis ethnographic study attempts to get beyond consider imposed boundaries drawn by non-kalingas and focus instead on meaningful place constructions by the actual residents of these areas.Territorial boundaries are defined by each group, as are other significant, intangible terms. As mentioned above, place and music happen at a bodong celebration. It is where culture is created, negotiated, and performed (Solomon 2000, 257). An analysis of this place-making process through musical performances based on the questions below promise to yield valuable insight into the process of constructing locally meaningful places.Research Questions:Main: How is a sense of place constructed for the Mangali and Sumadel people through music performances at their peace pact celebration?Secondary: What are the musical markings that signify differences between the performances of the two cultures groups?How do text from the songs performed at the celebration help the sumadel and mangali people construct contest and negotiate ideas of place?How do mangali people talk about and classify their music genres and instruments?In what ways do the Mangali people perceive of the musical sounds that fill or otherwise interact with their physical landscape?What can an analysis of this celebration reveal about the ongoing sustainability and effectiveness of the bodong system?Chapter SummariesI - Set the stage for the rest of the thesis by stating the problem of this study, naming its significance and specifying the research questionsII - Survey of the literature relevant to this thesis divided into themes. To this day, little has been written that relates kalinga studies to theories of place constructionIII - explicated the my research methods, including the pilot study IV Analysis of April 2005 Mangali- sumadel peace pact celebration. The near continues activities of those three days would be impossible to document extensively, so I have chosen to present relevant description of the proceedings in the eight selected musical scenes, supplemented by relevant data from participant-observation and ethnographic interviews.Quote: In this scene I attempted to show how the mangali detected differences between their tadok style and that of the sumadel. These were evidence in a difference in rhythmic patterns, tempo and dance steps. In summary, the sumadel have two interlocking patterns of tadok compared to three by mangali players. The tempo of the sumadel playing starts significantly faster than mangali style but it slows during the performance. Also the dance steps are different for each place. (At the end of the first section)V Concludes with an attempt to answer the question above, explore the implication of this research and propose avenues of examination for future researchers.This thesis has attempted to demonstrate how musical performances in one bodong celebration formed a social construction of place. Chapter 4 analyzed eight different scenes from Sumadel-Mangali peace pact celebration. The rest of this chapter summarizes the result of this analysis, emphasizing the musical markings of place found in instrument use, rhythmic and melodic motifs, dance steps, and lyrical content of the participants. Following the summary of these markings I discuss the central role of the gangsa in forming mangali organology and how mangali musical instruments create an effect that is sent out in the soundscape. This chapter also reviews conclusion about kalinga construction of place and its implications for the future of bodong and other traditional cultural practices. Finally, I conclude with some remarks about recommendation for future research.Possible format for Summary of Findings, Discussion and conclusionThis study examined the________________.A qualitative study employing a multi-case study methodology sought to answer the following research questions_________________To answer these questions, data was collected at_______and was comprised of observations, interviews etc. Pseudonyms were created to ensure that all participants identities were protected. This final chapter will converge on the comprehensive lessons learned as a result of this study. The remaining sections of this chapter summarizes the studys findings, address the implication for the studys participants and the research community as well as offer a discussion emerging from the findings. Recommendations for future study are also offered to conclude this chapter.Feb-June (2016) 9June-Nov (2016) 9Nov-Feb (2016-17) 9Feb-June (2017) 9June Nov (2017) 9Nov-Feb (2017-18) 3 (compre and proposal maybe)Feb-June (proposal) (2018)-Dissertation June nov mid (2018) Dissertation INov - Feb (2018-2019) Dissertation II