Open-cloud, where do we stand ?

Philippe Scoffonihttp://philippe.scoffoni.net

philippe@scoffoni.netThis presentation is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 France (CC-BY) with the exception of images that illustrate (they remain under their original copyright notice). Background image: © Julydfg - Fotolia.com

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An itinerant concept of An itinerant concept of Exhibitions/Conferences/Exhibitions/Conferences/

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Cloud computing

Emergence on the web of the « buzz-word »

Source Google Trends

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Present & future

Worldwide income of cloud computing services exceeded $ 68 billion in 2010, which represent an increase of 16.6% over 2009. The market should reach $ 148 billion in 2014 and 240 billion in 2020 according to the Forrester research company.Source : Gartner Group / Cabinet Forrester

31% of French companies will use the SaaS in 2011. SMEs (49%, 10 points more than in 2010) and TPE (44%) do both present the highest rate of requestsSource 

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Definition

What characterizes cloud computing

●A self-service access upon request●Ubiquitous access to the network●Pooling of the resources●Fast flexibility●A service continuously monitored●Is « multi-tenant », with one version of the service for all customers.

Source : http://www.econo-blog.com/blog/quelle-definition-pour-le-cloud-computing/Situ

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Service ModelIaaS : Infrastructure as a Service

Ressources such as :● power machine● Storage space (GB)● Connectivity / Securityare made available

Ta rg e ts : Any person responsible for IT Structures

Who : Amazon , Blue Cloud (IBM), RackSpace, GoGrid OVH, Gandi

IaaSS ha re d S to ra g e

C o nne c tiv ity /s e c urity

Ope ra ting S ys te mDa ta b a s e

virtua l s e rve r (C P U /R A M/DIS K )

YOUAP I / F ra m e w o rk

A pplic a tio ns

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PaaS : Plateform as a Service

Accessibility to a platform for running applications for a particular programming language.

Ta rg e ts : developers

Who : Google App Engine (Python), Microsoft Azur, PHP/Mysql, Ruby on Rail specialized hostings... S ha re d S to ra g e

C o nne c tiv ity /s e c urity

O pe ra ting S y s te mDa ta ba s e

virtua l s e rve r (C P U /R AM/DIS K )

AP I / F ra m e w o rk

A pplic a t io ns

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PaaS

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Service Model

SaaS : Software as a Service

Accessibility to a complete application

Ta rg e t : the final userl

Pricing : depending on the number of users, volume of stored data, etc

Who: S ha re d S to ra g e

C o nne c tiv ity/s e c urity

O pe ra ting S ys te mDa ta b a s e

virtua l s e rve r (C P U /R A M/DIS K )

AP I / F ra m e w o rk

A pplic a tio ns

Da ta YOU

SaaS

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Service Model

Cloud Computing Why 

● Scalability on demand● Low entry costs● Total or partial absence of system

administration● no hardwares management● you only pay for what you use

A truly g o o d de a l ?

The limits of cloud computing

● Perenity of the suppliers● No control over the development of the used applications● Legal risks associated with the localization of the data● Reversibility● Loss of certification● Low interoperability between services● Data vendor lock-in

F rig hte ning  ? B U T

Free and open source software

● They underlie the rise of cloud computing● the major players use them :

● Amazon● Google

● Core system : Linux, BSD● Virtualization engine : Xen, KVM● Managing the cloud : Eucalyptus, OpenStack,

Globus Nimbus, Open Nebula, Enomaly ECP, Niftyname, IN-VIGO

Avoiding clouds captivity

Several axes :● Clouds are powered by free software or open

source → developing them to improve interoperability; definition of open standards

● Defining and communicating the concept of free/libre services or Free/libre web services

● Refusing cloud computing

Enable interoperability

Associations promoting standardization and interoperability of the cloud computing’ offers..

Citrix, Cisco, Yahoo!, Calit2 (UCSD), Johns Hopkins University, StarLight (Northwestern University), University of Chicago,University of Illinois at Chicago, Nasa, AIST

http://opencloudconsortium.org/

Open Cloud Manifesto

The manifesto aims to define the principles of interoperability in order for cloud computing to be an open technology..

Carried by VMware, Red Hat, Sun, la fondation Eclipse et AMD

Signed by over 400 compagnies

http://www.opencloudmanifesto.org/

Enable interoperability

Open Cloud Initiative

A n o n -p ro fit a d v o c a te o f o p e n c lo u d c o m p u tin g

Institution designed to create a legal framework within which the users’ community of cloud computing and suppliers can easily agree.

http://www.opencloudinitiative.org/

Enable interoperability

OW2 Open Source Cloudware initiative

Initiative to provide and promote an "integrated portfolio of open source software components for

cloud computing

http://www.ow2.org/view/Cloud/

Enable interoperability

Cloud Security Alliance

A mix of user companies and vendors

Promote the use of best practices for providing security assurance within Cloud Computing, and

provide education on the uses of Cloud Computing to help secure all other forms of computing.

https://cloudsecurityalliance.org/

Enable interoperability

Distributed Management Task Force

Maintains and promotes standards for systems management in enterprise IT environments

Carried by AMD, Cisco, Dell, EMC, Fujitsu, Hewlett-Packard, Hitachi, IBM, Intel, Microsoft, Novell, Oracle, Sun Microsystems, Symantec et des universités

Enable interoperability

Initiatives from software’s vendors alone or grouped

● Free Cloud Alliance (IELO, Mandriva, Nexedi, TioLive)

● Xen Cloud Platform (Citrix)

● OpenStack (Nasa, Rackpsace, Citrix, Dell + 125 companies)

● OpenShift (RedHat)

● Compatible One (14 partners)

● And much more…

Enable interoperability

UNHOSTED.ORGA community innitiativeSeparation of data and applications

http://unhosted.org/

Enable interoperability

Missing ones :

Google

Amazon

Salesforce.com

Microsoft

Open cloud : A scattered approach without a real consensus but leaders are emerging

Enable interoperability

Defining the criterias for a free/open service

Based on the terms of the general conditions of service

TIO (Total Information Outsourcing) open● Freedom of the datas : it is possible to migrate all user data including configuration and logs

to an infrastructure operated by any other party. Data must be provided in a format which is fully specified and documented, and which can parsed by the user with common of the shelf software.

TIO Libres● Freedom of the datas : Same as previously

● Freedom of the softwares : all software required for a client to leave and benefit from the same service on a standalone infrastructure operated by any other party is distributed as Free Software

● No legal lock should prevent a competitor from copying or trying to provide the same service

Source : FFII (Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure )

Based on the terms of the general conditions of service

TIO Loyalty ● Access rights: It should be possible for this service to be used by anyone, anywhere

and without any discrimination.

● Privata data rights : no data related to the use of the service can be provided to third parties even anonymized without the prior consent of the customer on a case by case basis (request for agreement on each diffusion)

● Duty of information : The customer must be informed of each incident or changes that may cause or have caused a security risk for the service.

● Disclosure Right : The service provider must take appropriate measures to ensure that the service’s terms of use are met by its employees or suppliers. These measures should be available upon customer’s request

Source : FFI (Foundation for a Free Information Infrastructure )

Defining the criterias for a free/open service

Some observations about TIO and SaaS:● It is important to distinguish the Saas services

based on proprietary software that can be installed in its site from the « pure cloud » offers

● The execution platform can be closed but the data open and the software free

Defining the criterias for a free/open service

Conclusion

Internetnet neutrality disponibility

S ha re dS to ra g e

C o nne c tiv ity/S e c urity

O pe ra t ing S ys te mDa ta b a s e

V irtua l S e rve rC P U / R AM / DIS K

AP I / F ra m e w o rk

A pplic a t io ns

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And tomorrow, which open cloud ?

A totaly decentralized cloud using peer to peer ?

Your ideas are welcome

Conclusion

The end

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