state of the art of masonry and adobe buildings in peru universidad nacional de ingenieria lima-peru...

STATE OF THE ART OF MASONRY AND ADOBE BUILDINGS IN PERU

UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE INGENIERIA LIMA-PERUFacultad de Ingeniería Civil

CENTRO PERUANO JAPONES DE INVESTIGACIONESSISMICAS Y MITIGACION DE DESASTRES - CISMID

Patricia GIBU & Carlos ZAVALA

PERÚ-JAPAN CENTER FOR EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH AND DISASTER MITIGATION

1. Use of adobe and masonry

2. Standards vs. Design & construction

3. Experimental, analytical and diffussion work at CISMID

Adobe Masonry Other related

4. Structural Laboratory at CISMID

Topics


1. USE OF ADOBE & MASONRYMASONRY Extensively use for houses & small

buildings (up 5 stories) in urban areas Confining elements (RC beam,

colums)


ADOBE Commonly used for houses (up 5 stories) in countryside: small

towns & rural areas Built by the users themselves

1. use of adobe & masonry


2. STANDARDS VS. DESIGN& CONSTRUCTION

MASONRY (NTE-E070-1982)

Elastic Design under service conditions

Provide allowable stresses values New proposal: ultimate capacity

approach – planning, wall density, design details for RC elements

Both materials included in National Standard for Construction (RNC) as a specific codes for each material

Table 1: Peruvian confined masonry stresses Stress Type Formula (Kg/cm2)

Compression due to axial load in Walls

Fa=0.20 f’m f’m: compression strength of

masonry

Compression due to bending Fb=0.40 f’m Tension due to Bending

- Normal to horizontal joints

Ft=1.00 Shear Vm=1.2+0.18fd < 2.7

fd: dead load normal stress

Crushing on Masonry - In whole area

- In 1/ 3 of area

Fca=0.25 f’m Fca=0.37 f’m

Elastic Modulus Shear Modulus

Em= 500 f’m Ev=0.4 Em

D&C:Local goverment offices: project examination vs. actual construction up to workers or foreman as contractor. Among elder&young engineers: missunderstanding of system (RC)


2. Standards vs. Design & Construction

ADOBE (NTE-E080-1999)

Simple reinforcing elements are required: cane rods, wood, wire mesh or RC elements

Allowable stresses based on unit compression strength

D&C: design or check are rarely made. Owners construct by themselves difficult to promote use of reinforcing element if means higher cost


3. EXPERIMENTAL, ANALYTICAL & DIFUSSION WORK AT CISMID

a) Adobe walls retroffiting (Zavala&Igarashi)

at the corners of walls of existing houses using polietilene textile (bags)

carrizo mat (estera)


b) Brochure on Tapial construction (Planning Dpt: Alarcon&Rios)

Diffusion promoted jointly with private mining company

3. Experimental.... Work at CISMID


c) Optimization of masonry structures – Phase 1 : Materials(Chariarse&Pique&Scaletti 1990) JOINTLY RESEARCH SUPPORTED BY JICA



d) Confined Masonry walls – Lateral cyclic loading(Gibu&Serida&Pique 1993) Undergraduate Civ. Eng.Thesis supported by Buckley&Konno Engs.


M u r o C o n f i n a d o S t a n d a r d 1

Fu

erz

a (

t)

- 3 0 - 2 0

2 0

D e s p l a z a m i e n t o ( m m )

- 2 5

- 2 0

- 1 5

0

- 1 0

- 1 0- 5

0

1 5

5

1 0 2 0 3 0 3 5

C U R V A H I S T E R E T I C A

3 0

2 5

- 3 5

Different kinds of reinforcement and parameters studied (axial load, connection wall-confining column)


e) An Analytical Study of Behavior of Confined Masonry under Lateral cyclic loading (Rojas, V. 1994)


Adopting a micro-model proposed by Noguchi (1984), numerical analysis was performed using previous experimental data of tested walls. Comparison of failure pattern

-5.00

0.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

0.00 10.00 20.00 30.00 40.00 50.00displacement (mm)

MCST1

MCST2

MC4C1

MC4C2

MLCC1

M-H

MicroModel

Cyclic Test Peak Envelopes vs Micro Model

For

ce (

Tf.

)


f) Full Scale on Line Test on Two Story Masonry Building Using Handmade Bricks (Zavala, Honma, Gibu &Gallardo, 2002) Under support of Japanese side: BRI, Yokohama Ntl. Univ., Center for Better Living & IDI)


Project CISMID/FIC/UNI-IDIConfined Masonry Wall Test- January 27th 2003

WALL C2-HM

-30

-25

-20

-15

-10

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

-0.015 -0.012 -0.009 -0.006 -0.003 0 0.003 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.015

Drift

Lo

ad (t

)

CH-100 Monitor

Project CISMID/FIC/UNI-IDIConfined Masonry Wall Test- January 24th 2003

WALL C2-FM

-30-25

-20-15

-10-50

510

1520

2530

-0.015 -0.012 -0.009 -0.006 -0.003 0 0.003 0.006 0.009 0.012 0.015

Drift

Load

(t)

CH-100 Monitor

Monitoring Construction

Material & walls testing

Full scale model testing

Masonry Construction Guide


f) ...Full Scale on Line Test on Two Story Masonry Building


Test specimen setting & Guide for construction


以上 - MUCHAS GRACIAS


4. STRUCTURAL LABORATORY AT CISMIDSteel structures behavior

a) Structural components (braces, beams, columns, joints)


b) Full scale structures


Traditional structures (adobe & masonry)


Others works & servicesa) Thin wall systems


b) Special structures


c) Urban Vulnerabilty modelsIndice de Vulnerabilidad de Shiga

Parametros NTE-030 RNC - Distrito de la MolinaEdificios Esenciales Zonas con FAD=1 PGA=0.60g

0

5

10

15

20

25

0 40 80 120 160 200

Densidad de Muros (cm2/m2)

Qu

/Am

u y

V

n/A

mu

(kg

/cm

2)

Vn/Amu

Qu/(Amu+Acol)

Acol/Apiso=10

Acol/Apiso=50

Acol/Apiso=100

Acol/Apiso=200

Respuesta Maxima como funcion del Periodo y FAD Viviendas Distrito de la Molina Sismo NT-030 FAD=1 y PGA=0.60g FAD=2~4 y PGA=0.70g FAD=4~5 y PGA=0.52g FAD>5 y PGA=0.36g

0.0000

0.5000

1.0000

1.5000

2.0000

2.5000

0 0.05 0.1 0.15 0.2 0.25

Periodo (seg)

Rp

ta.M

ax

ima

(c

m)

FAD=1

FAD2~4

FAD=4~5

FAD>5

Elastico

Maximo

Vulnerabilidad Baja

Vulnerabilidad Media

Vulnerabilidad Alta


Energy disipation devices


Services

state of the art of masonry and adobe buildings in peru universidad nacional de ingenieria lima-peru...

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