state of birds in florida, 2004
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7/21/2019 State of birds in Florida, 2004
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Martinswereat LakeApopkaR.A.20 Jun,
(Theyare certainlymorecommonhan
Taylorirch.E,rowa1JuMBl
rosbeaksand Indigo and Painted
ith 2180 still there23 Jun (HR). Single
Cliff Swallows ereat LakeApopkaR.A.4
& 18 Jul (HR). BarnSwallowsrea scarce
but increasingreedern Florida, o the
presencef40+oneach f he17dateshat
Robinson ensused ake ApopkaR.A. is
particularlyoteworthy,
as were the 290 he
recorded n 24 Jul. Also
of note was a Bain Swal-
low at GardenKey,Dry
Tortugas.P 19Jun DS
et al.).
Singingmale Wood
Thrushes were recorded
a eight sites in Leon
duringheseasonGM).
American Robins are
very scarcen Florida
during the summer, o
three eportsromLeon,
with a juv. at Springhill
RoadW.T.P (GM), were
notable, f not unexpect-
ed. Totallyunexpected
was the singingrobin
11-12 Jun at Home-
stead, Miami-Dade
(LM). Out-of-season
GrayCatbirds ereat BoydHill Nature
Trail,St.PetersburgJun RoS) ndMath-
esonHammock, iami-Dade 3Jun (DS).
Common ynas re ncreasingn Florida.
Their center of abundance has been the
Homesteadrea, ut heyhave owspread
throughoutheKeys, ecominguchmore
commonn thepast ear JB). hestatusf
thisspeciess uncertain,s heyhavenot
beensufficiently onitoredo determine
breeding uccess nd populationsize.
Red-whiskeredulbuland Spot-breasted
Oriole, wospecieslready n the official
list for Florida.)A Black-and-white arbler
12Jul at KeyLargo, onroeBMu)anda
Ydlow-throated Warbler at Miami Shores
11Jul (AH) werebothearlyA YellowWar-
Two urlewandpipersereoundnFloridanJuly004. heirst as t
Fort eSoto ark, ineliasounty0July,he econdtTalbotslandstate
Park,)uvalounty7 ulyhere).hotographyPatrickLeaty.
bier lutteringround boat a.57kmne.
of Ft. Piercenlet 3Jul (EH, PH) wasslight-
lyearly sa migrant.he irst eturningel-
low Warblerwasat LakeApopkaR.A. on
18 Jul, whilea latenorthbound merican
Redstart as here2 Jun (HR). An impres-
sive 32 Yellow-breastedChats were at Lake
Apopka .A.2Jun HR).
ThreeChippingparrowsere .ofnor-
mal at AvonPark,Highlandsor mostof
Jun AB).A uv.LarkSparrowas tHugh
Buntingsere resenthroughouthesea-
sonat LakeApopkaR.A.,with maxcounts
of 33, 49, and6 respectivelyHR). Robin-
sonhadup to 3 Dickcissdst LakeApop-
ka R.A.2Jun-4Jul.As s normal, lackbird
numbers increased as the season pro-
gressed,ut 182,000Red-wingedlack-
birds and 97,000 Boat-tailedGracklesat
LakeApopkaR.A. n lateJul (HR) were
truly mpressiveounts. hinyCowbirds
were eportedromFlamingo,verglades
N.E 8 Jun (B&LC) and Alligator Pt.,
Franklin 11-17 Jul (JM). BronzedCow-
birdsseem o be increasingn Florida n
the summer,with reportsof summering
birds from three locations n Miami-Dade
andone n Collier.An alternate-plumaged
male American Goldfinch was at Alta-
monte prings,eminole4Jun PHu).
Cited contributors (area compilers n
bold):BruceAnderson, ynAtherton, nne
Bdlenger,edBelow, ark Berney, aul
Bithorn, ohnBoyd,SamComer, uck&
LindaCooper, omCurtis, obin iaz,Ter-
ry Doyle,CharlieEwell,DaveFredand,
ChuckGeanangd,eyHansonBell),Alex
Harper, obHawkins, ricHess, aulHess,
Paul Hueher (PHu), Marianne Korosy,
Patrick ear, arryManfredi, lakeMath-
ys, Gall Menk,Brennan ulrooney,ohn
Murphy, risNelson, nnPaul,RichPaul,
CheriPierce, avidPowell,Peggy owell,
Bill Pranty, ohnPuschock,obRichter,
BryantRoberts, arryRobinson, erlin
Russell, obertSanford, usanSchneider,
DaveSimpson, ay Smart RSm),Ron
Smith (RoS), Doug Suitor,Pete Timmet,
Ken racey.
Stateof the Region
Bill rantyAyJancolOgyabArchboldiologicaltation23Mainr'we,enus,
Florida3960-(billptanty@hotmaiLcom)
Boundednhreeidesy cean,ea,ndulf,loridairasongeenecognizeds "prolific
reservoirFiologicalivers'y"ritzpatrick991).hetateupports81aturalommunities,
includingomef hemostiverseorestsnd rasslandsnNorthmerica.verall,lorida
supportsver600ativelantsnd00 ativeertebrates,ith% nd7%f hese,
respectivdy,ndemic.lorida'svifauna479ativepedes)s heargestf nytateastf
theMississipIiverndncludesnendemicpeciesndeveralndemicubspecies.nhe
past00ears,he tateasosttheassengergeon,arolinaarakeet,vory-billedood-
ped{er,achman'sarbler,nd uskyeaskleparrow.urrently,6 theraxareonsid-
eredndangered,hreatened,are,f pecialoncern,rof ndetenninedtatusRodgerst
al. 996Lecentell.publicizedonservationnitiativesnFloridauchsheestorationf
the vergladesndhe issimmeeiverndheeintreductionfWhoopingranesave
overshadowedhe eedsfnumeroustheraxa,orwhichnmanyasesvenasiciologi-
cal atareacking.ecauseliOForida'serrestrialandetlandabitatsre nderiege,t
is ifficulttoankonservationrioritiesseeoxelow),ndheelevantABCIkdonser-
vationegions--BCR1 Peninsularlorida)nd CR7 Southeasternoastallain,or
VOLUME 58 (2004) NUMBER 4
ThisuskyeasideparrowhotographedtMerrittslandationalildlifeefuge,
Floridaas ne ftheast f ts ind,n heEverglades,he ndemicapeableeaside
Spanow,veryistinctiveaxonlsoormerlyandotentiallygainobe) onsideredsep-
aratepedes,aintainsoehold,utts abitats hreatenedy hangesnhydrologynd
plantommunities,evereurricanes,ndea-levelisehotographyulW. ykes,rdlqtiEO.
517
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7/21/2019 State of birds in Florida, 2004
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northernIodandhe anhandle)o ot heduchightnhe omplexityf coregions,
especiallyubtropicalabitatsnhe tate.y ayf n verview,ivemportanthenomena
affectingloridairdlifend irdonservationre onsiderednbriefere.
LandrotectionFloridaainsne illionesidentveryhreeo ourears,ate f
700-900esidents/day.he opulationncreasedrom .7millionesidentsn1950o
15.9 illionn2000.pproximately65,000cresfhabitatnnually--:19creser
hour--areestroyedoaccommodatehe xpandingumanopulation,hisrowth
haseducedutthroatgrasseepsy 9%, iamiineocklandsy 8%,ongleafine
flatwoodsy 7%,nimpoundedrevardountyaJtarshesy 5%,ake alesidge
scruby 5%,loridary rairiey 1%,nd vergladesarshlandy 5%,he ssire
reductionf heseabitatsakeshe emainingragmentsl hemoreulnerableo
damageyandrillingropicalyclonesnd thernpredktablevents.ossnd eters
(1995)ankedloridashemostcologicallyndangeredtaten he nion--thenly
stateoearnextreme"atingsor veryategoryeasuredoverallisk,cosystemisk,
speciesisk,evelopmentisk,evelopmenttatus,nd evelopmentrend),nd orida
containedhemostndangeredcosystemsnine).o ounteractuch assiveossesf
nativelorandauna,loridaasedhe ationnpublic-landcquisition.etween964
and 000,ver3,7 illionaspentoprotect.7millioncresf an& lorida'surrent
primaryand-acquisitionrogram,reservation000, ill ommitnadditional3bil-
lionhrough009.urTently,ver,27 illioncresf and--morehan7%f he
state--isubliclywnedrundererpetualonservationasement,ndhis mount
increasesymorehan00,000cresachearJuetal. 001,DEP004).
ExoticpedesLiketherubtropicalreas,evelopedartsfFloridaaveeenand-
scapeElith:vegetationativeomanyartsf he orld.ostpeciesre enign,ut 7
formsreankedyhe loridaxoticlantestouncils ategorynvasivepecieshat
havenvadedndisruptedativeommunitiesFLEPPC004).xoticnimalsrelsoen-
erallyenign,utherere xceptions.monghe 00+peciesf xot cirdseported
fromlorida,ewrempactingativepeciesPranty004).erhapsthereatestangers
posedyeralMaliards,hichreincreasingly?)ybridizingith ottleducks.oorman
and ray1994)arnedhatifnoreventativeanagementctionagainsteralMaliards]
is aken,heMottleducks discreetntityasquestionableuture."Simberlofftal.
(1997)s goodourceorhessuesoncerninglorida'sxoticlorandauna.
CowbirdroodarasitismAlthoughotmajoroncernresently,roodarasitism
byBrown-headedowbirdsearsatching.ocaleclinesnpopulationsfBlack-
whiskeredireosnd ordarairiearblerslonghe entralulf oastnd fPainted
Buntingslonghe ortherntlanticoastaveeenlamedn owbirdroodara-
sitism.ronzedowbirdsrencreasingndeemedoisedobegh3reedingnFlorida
(inact,bservationsuringummer004uggesthatt s lreadyccurring),ut hiny
Cowbirdsemainaren he tate,ith reedingot et ocumented.
Sea-levelise- ivenhe lightopographicelieff loridaits ighestoints 45eet
aboveeaneaevel),he ffectsf isingeasoulde evastating.roslie1996)oc-
umentedhat one-meterise ouldnundate.8%f he eninsula;nncreasef10
mwouldliminate3%. ecently,illiamstal. 1999)ocumentedreplacementf
coastalydricammocksysaltmarsht Waccasassaay, evy ounty,uring
1992-1995.heyttributedorestosso ncreasedoilalinitys esultf meanea
levelisef .5am/yearetween939nd994.warmingceans lsoxpectedo
produceorerequentndiTangerurricanes;loridaabitatsereeverelyamaged
byCharley,rances,van, nd eannen2004.
West ile irusWNV)The ocumentedmpactsfWNVn arvialslsewheren he
UnitedtatesreatedlarmnFloridaorts ndemicarvial--theloridacrub-Jay.
Scrub-jayopulationsaveecreasedn stimated0%n he ast00 earsueo oss
andragmentationfhabitatndire xclusion.owever,he ffectsfWNVnFlorida
seem inor,erhapsecausehe bundancefmosquitoesn he tate ay ave
allowednimalsohaveuilt p naturalesistancer mmunitygainstome os-
quito-borneiseasesuchsWNVReedowman,ers.omm.).owever,ontinued
monitoringfWNVnFloridaertainlyswarranted.
I thank arl illeror elpfulomments.
Literature ited
Eroslie,.D, 996.rianommunity,limate,ndea-Levolhanesn he lio-Pleistocenf
the loridaeninsula.rnithologicalonographo, 0.Americanrnithologists'niOn.
Washington,.C.
FDER004. reservation000/Floridaoreverebsitehttp://www.dep.sta
us/lands/acquisition/p2000>loridaepartmentfEnvironmentalrotection.alla
hassee,L. ccessed9September004.
Fitzpatrick,.W. 991,oreword.agesii-ixnFloridaird ecordsnAmericanirdsnd
Audubonieldotes947-1959R,W.oftin,.EWoonden,nd.A. oolfenden)
Specialublicationo.,Floridarnithologicalociety.ainesville,orid&
FLEPPCloridaxoticestlantouncilebsitehttp://www.fleppc.rg>, ccessed0
September004.
Jue, ,C Kindell,nd .Wojcik.001. loridaonservationands00LFloridaatulral
Areasnventory.allahassee,lorida
Moorman,.E.,nd .N. ray.994ottleduckAriasulvigula)nThe irdsfNorth
America,o. 1CA.oolend .Gill,ds.),he cademyfNaturaiciences,hiladel-
phia;he mericanrnithologists'nion,ashington,C.
Noss,.F., nd .L.Peters.995.ndangeredcosystems:AtatuseportnAmerica'S
VanishingabitatndWildlife.efendersfWildlife.ashington,C.
Pranty,. 004.lorida'sxoticvifauna:preliminaryhecklist.irding6: 62-372.
Rodgers,JL,r., ,W. ale,I,and .T. mith,ds,996.arend ndangerediotaf
Florida,olume,Birds.niversityressfFlorida.,inesville,L.
Simbedoff,.,D.C. chmJle,nd.C.Brown,ds.997.trangersinaradise:mpactnd
Managementf VonindienouspeciesnFlorida.slandress.ashington,C
Williams,.,K.C.Ewel, .P.Stumpf,.E.Pule,nd .W.Workman.999. eaevelise
andoastalorestetreatnhe estoastfFlorida,SA.cology0: 045-2063.
Theollowingirdaxa,roupedy abitat,re monghosehat re articularly
deservingf ncreasedanagementnd/oresearchfforts:
Beach/dunepeciesCubannowyloverCharadriuslexandrinusenuirosris],il-
sons lover,ipinglover,mericanystercatcher,oseateern, eastern, lack
Skimmer,ndtherreedingrwinteringards).hreats:evereisturbance--man
speciesave egunonest ngravelooftops,ith ariableuccessnd nknown
long-termonsequences;ontinuedceanfrontevelopment;ea-levelise.
SaltmarshpeciesBlackail,loridalapperailRallusnngirostriscotti],an-
grovelapperailR.. nsularurn],ayhe'slapperailR..waynell,arian'sarsh
WrenCistothorusalustrisarianae],orthington'sarshrenC. .griseus],
MacGillivray'seasideparrowAmmodremusaritimusacillivrai],carfseaside
SparrowA.m.eninsulae).hreats:ackf asicemographicataor earlyll axa;
sea-levelise.
Freshwaterarshpeciesall adingirds,nailite,apeableeasideparrow
[Ammodran?usmaritimusmirobilis]).hreats:ookery/roostisturbancewadingirds);
improperateregulation;ercuryontaminationwadingirds);utrient-richater
dischargedromugaranearms;xoticlantsCapeableeasideparrow).
Mangrove-breedingpecieswadingirds,angroveuckoo,rayingbird,
Black-whiskeredireo,loridarairiearblerDendroicaiscolorpoludicola],uban
GoldenarblerDendroicapetechiagundlachi])--disturbancewadingirds);ac-
coonepredationwadingirds);ackfbasicatauplandpecies);otentiallyow-
bird roodarasitismuplandpecies).
Dry-prairiepeciesWhite-tailedite, restedaracara,loridaurrowingwl
[Atheneunicularialo#dana],loridarasshopperparrowAmmodremusavannarum
floridanus],achman'sparrow).hreats:abitatossndragmentation;dverse
land-usesrmanagementuchs razingndiMcultureFloridaurrowingwlnd
Floridarasshopperparrow);ormant-seasoniresFio[darasshopperparrow).
Longleaf-pinepeciesSoutheasternmericanestrelFalcoparveriusaulus],
Red-cockadedoodpecker,rown-headeduthatch,achman'sparrow).hreats:
severeabitatossnd ragmentation;ire uppressionnd ormant-seasonires;
intensiveanagementeedsRed-cockadedoodpecker).
Xericak-scrubpeciesFloridacrub-Jay).hreats:abitatossndragmentation;
fire xclusion;otentiallyest-Nileirus.
18 NORTH AMERICAN BIRD