state-level climate policies on transportation · 2010-06-21 · state-level climate policies on...
TRANSCRIPT
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State-level Climate Policies on
Transportation
Nick Nigro
Solutions Fellow
Pew Center on Global Climate Change
TRB Environment and Energy Research Conference June 9, 2010
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Presentation Overview
• Basics of Climate Policy
– All Levels of Government Play a Role
– Recent State Action
• Reducing GHG Emissions From
Transportation
– Fuels
– Vehicles
– VMT
– System Efficiency
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GHG Emissions From Transportation
• 27% of total GHG
emissions in U.S.
• Over 85% of
transportation GHGs
are from surface
transportation
• Almost all
transportation GHGs
are from fuel
combustion
Passenger
Cars
34%
Light-Duty
Trucks
29%
Medium-
and
Heavy-
Duty
Trucks
21%Aircraft
8%
Other
8%
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Basics of Climate Policy
All Levels of Government Play a Role,
Recent State Action
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Multi-level, Multi-pronged Approach
5
City State Regional Federal International
Cap and Trade
Tax Policies
Land Use/VMT
System Efficiency
Tech Transfer
Low-Carbon Fuel Standard
Vehicle
Standards
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Recent State Action
January, 2010
•RGGI working on LCFS framework for 2011 per MOU
•CA adopts LCFS to start in 2011
March, 2010
•WV passes anti-idling law for trucks
•OR requires GHG reductions in transportation planning
May, 2010
•MD passes tax credit for plug-in electric vehicles
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Reducing GHG Emissions From
Transportation
Fuels, Vehicles, Vehicle Miles Traveled,
System Efficiency
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Transportation Policy Options
• Fuels– Covering fuels in cap-and-trade
– LCFS
• Vehicles– CAFE
– GHG Standards
• VMT– HOV lanes, carpooling, transit
• System Efficiency– Public spending on smarter transportation
system
Transportation GHG
Reductions
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US GHG Cap-and-Trade Programs
• 23 states participating in/developing cap-and-trade
• These states emit ~37% of total US emissions
• Three regional cap-and-trade programs
• Three regional initiatives are collaborating on cap-and-trade
9
Participant
Observer
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Fuel Policy Options: Low-Carbon Fuel
Standard
• Carbon intensity standard for fuel
lifecycle
• Creates a market for low-carbon fuels
– Gasoline, biofuels, electricity, natural gas,
hydrogen, etc.
• Allows credit trading
• California’s LCFS will reduce intensity by
10% below 2010 levels by 2020
– Reduce GHG emissions by 15 MMT in 2020
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Vehicles: State Mandates
• Most states have procurement rules for
acquiring alternative fuel vehicles or using
alternative fuels
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Medium- & Heavy-Duty Vehicles
• 29 states & DC have some form of an idle reduction law
• Nearly every state has a financial incentive for alternative fuels, fueling infrastructure, and/or vehicle purchase or retrofit
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Plug-in Electric Passenger Vehicles
• 28 states & DC have financial incentives
for plug-in electric vehicles
• Tax credit up to $6,000 in Colorado
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Reducing Vehicle Miles Traveled
Mode
•Carpooling
•Transit
•Bicycle/Pedestrian
•Telecommuting
Pricing
•PAYD insurance
•Congestion Pricing
•Tolls
• Carpooling was almost 20% of commuting in 1980 (12% now)
• Strategic transit can be high reward with high use
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• Some states are more aggressive than
others including GHG reduction targets
VMT & Smart Growth
Smart Growth Policies
VMT Goals or Targets and
Smart Growth Policies
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California’s Land-Use Law (SB 375)
• Goal to reducing VMT and urban sprawl
• Creates regional targets for GHG emission reductions tied to land-use
• Metropolitan Planning Organizations (MPOs) must create plan to meet targets
• Expected outcomes
– 3% of statewide GHG emission reduction goals
– VMT reduction of about 4% over next decade
– Annual cost savings of $1.6 billion
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For More Information Visit
www.pewclimate.org