state agriculture plan for rashtriya krishi vikas yojana

State Agriculture PlanFor

Rashtriya Krishi Vikas YojanaTwelfth Five Year Plan Period

(Year 2012 to 2017)

Submitted to:Government of India

Ministry of AgricultureNew Delhi

Submitted by

Government of Madhya PradeshDepartment of Farmer’s Welfare & Agriculture Development, Bhopal

VINDHYACHAL BHAWAN, BHOPAL, MADHYA PRADESH

State Agriculture Plan (2012-17) , Madhya Pradesh

ContentsCHAPTER – 1 ...............................................................................................................................4

INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGY ...........................................................................................41.2 Major Areas of Focus .....................................................................................................111.2.1 Objectives of C-DAP...................................................................................................111.2.2 Approach and Methodology for the District and State Plan........................................111.2.3. Steps Followed in Developing District Plans .............................................................12

CHAPTER – II.............................................................................................................................16RESOURCE BASE AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE ECONOMY ..................................................16

2.1. Zonal Classifications.......................................................................................................162.1.1. Geomorphologic Zones ..............................................................................................162.5. Land Use Pattern in Madhya Pradesh State ..................................................................252.6 Operational Holdings ......................................................................................................312.7. Irrigation ........................................................................................................................342.7.2. Sources of Irrigation ...................................................................................................342.8.Agriculture ......................................................................................................................372.9. Horticulture ...................................................................................................................482.10. Agricultural Engineering ..............................................................................................522.11. Animal Husbandry and Dairy .......................................................................................532.12 Fisheries ........................................................................................................................56

CHAPTER III...................................................................................................................................63STRENGTH, WEAKNESS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES..................................................63

3. SWOC Analysis ..................................................................................................................633.1 Agriculture Sector ...........................................................................................................633.2 Horticulture Sector .........................................................................................................673.3 Agriculture Engineering .................................................................................................693.4 Animal Husbandry Sector ...............................................................................................693.5 Fisheries Sector...............................................................................................................71

CHAPTER IV ..................................................................................................................................73MADHYA PRADESH: VISION 2020 ............................................................................................73

4.00 Indian Agriculture at a Glance ......................................................................................734.1 Emerging Trends .............................................................................................................754.2 Main Issues .....................................................................................................................764.3 Vision ..............................................................................................................................774.4 Challenges, Policies and Strategies.................................................................................77

Chapter V .....................................................................................................................................86Development of Agriculture Sector .........................................................................................86

5.1 Issue of Agriculture sector ..............................................................................................865.2 On-going Schemes ..........................................................................................................86

CHAPTER – VI ...............................................................................................................................95DEVELOPMENT OF ALLIED SECTORS ........................................................................................95

6.1 Horticulture Sector .........................................................................................................956.2 Agricultural Engineering .................................................................................................966.3 Agricultural Marketing and Agril business .....................................................................97


6.4. Animal Husbandry .........................................................................................................986.5. Fisheries Sector............................................................................................................1026.6. Agricultural Credit........................................................................................................104

CHAPTER – VII ............................................................................................................................106STATE PLAN ............................................................................................................................1061. Strengthening of Seed Producing Government Farms: .....................................................1292.00 Setting of Kisan Call Centres, Community Radio, Use of Information CommunicationTechnology in Agriculture, IT lab at SIAET .............................................................................1293 .00 Information & communication Technology (ICT) in Agriculture:-...............................1304.00 Research & Development;- ...........................................................................................1315.00 Strengthening of Regional Training Centres ..................................................................1336.00Capacity enhancement of block offices ..........................................................................1347.00 Renovation and Strengthening of Soil Testing Lab buildings and Project under taken asconstruction of Soil Testing Lab .............................................................................................1348.00 Establishment of new insecticide quality control lab ....................................................1349.00 Project for the Establishment of Pesticide Residual Lab :_............................................13512.00 Project on Strengthening of State Institute of Agriculture Extension & Training(SIAET) 13513 .00. Project on Training of Agricultural Officers .......................................................13614.00 Establishment of Krishi Gyan Kendra ...........................................................................13715.00 Project on Soil Health Card ( Deptt. lab, University and Mandi labs):- ...................13716.00 Project on Strengthening of Agriculture Extension & Training Centres ((AETC) .....13817.00 Strengthening of Communication and Knowledge Centre;-........................................13818. 00 PROJECT ON CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT OF BLOCK OFFICES PHASE-II.................13919.00. Project on setting up of new fertilizer quality control laboratories in Madhya Pradesh................................................................................................................................................14020.00 Project on Strengthening of Insecticide Quality control Laboratory, Jabalpur ..........14021.00. Project on Strengthening of 24 Soil Testing Lab operated by government of M.P.

14123.00 Project On Agro Service Centre Cum Storage Cum Procurement At Different Places.

14224.00. Project on Purchase of lab equipments and furniture establishing new Seed testinglaboratory, Bhopal and Ujjain ................................................................................................14225.00 Project On Revolving Fund Requirements For Strengthening Of Seed ProcurementProspects Under R.K.Y. ...........................................................................................................14326.00 Project for the Establishment of post Entry Quarantine Lab ......................................14327.00 Special Plan for Farmers...............................................................................................144Agriculture Development Strategy(2012-2017).....................................................................145DISTRICT SECTOR....................................................................................................................149STATE SECTOR ........................................................................................................................164

Annexure A.................................................................................................................................190Illustrative List of Projects that can be funded under RKVY (infrastructure & Assets) stream................................................................................................................................................190

Annexure B.................................................................................................................................192


CHAPTER – 1

INTRODUCTION & METHODOLOGYINTRODUCTION: A land blessed in all terms; be it topography, natural beauty, population,religion culture or language India is home to twenty eight states and seven union territories.The twenty eight states and the seven union territories are all unique in their own way. Havingan extraordinary history and culture all the states and union territories in India never fail tocharm its visitors with their unfolding mysteries and charisma.

1.1 Madhya Pradesh: Landlocked in the central part of the country, Madhya Pradesh isbordered by the states of Rajasthan to the northwest, Uttar Pradesh to the north, Chhattisgarhto the east, Maharashtra to the south, and Gujarat to the west. Madhya Pradesh had thehonor of being the largest state of the country until Chhattisgarh was carved out of it on 1stNovember 2000. The state has a mixed topography that consists of both hills and plains.

The state has three predominant seasons: winter (November through February), summer(March through May), and the monsoon season (June through September). During the winteraverage temperatures range from 10° to 27° C (50° to 81° F). Summers are hot, with anaverage temperature of 29° C (85° F) and a high temperature that at times reaches 48° C (118°F). During the monsoon season temperatures average 19° to 30° C (66° to 86°). MadhyaPradesh receives an average annual rainfall of about 1200 mm (nearly 50 in), of which 90percent falls during the monsoon season. The capital of the state is Bhopal. The largest cityand the commercial capital of the state is Indore. Below is a table representing important factsabout Madhya Pradesh

Figure 1 Madhya Pradesh Location Map


Table 1.1 ;-Facts on Madhya Pradesh

Date of Formation Nov 1, 1956Size 3,08,250 sq kmPopulation 7,25,97,565 (Census2011)Capital BhopalRivers Narmada, Tapti, Betwa, Son, ChambalForests & National Park Bandhavgarh NP, Kanha NP, Pench NP, Indrawati Tigar

Reserve, Kheoni WSLanguage HindiNeighbours State Maharashtra, Gujarat, Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh,

ChhattisgarhState Animal Swamp DeerState Bird Paradise Fly-catcher

Figure 1 .1 : Madhya Pradesh Physical Map


Table 1.2 :State Profile of Madhya Pradesh

POPULATION (2011 census) 7,25,97,565

MALES 3,76,12,920(51.81)

FEMALES 3,49,84.645(48.19)

GENDER RATIO (females/1000 males) 930(Census2011)

DENSITY OF POPULATION (Persons/ Square Km) 236

URBAN POPULATION % 31.16

LITERACY RATE (census 2001) in % 70.6

MALE LITERACY in % 80.5%

RATIO OF URBAN POPULATION 31.15%

FEMALE LITERACY in % 60.0

PR CAPITA INCOME (Rs at current price in 1992-93) 4,725

BIRTH RATE (PER 1000) (2002)P 30.3

DEATH RATE (PER 1000) 9.7

There are fifty one districts in Madhya Pradesh, these are clubbed under ten divisions whichare Bhopal, Jabalpur, Indore, Chambal, Gwalior, Rewa, Sagar, Ujjain, Shahdol andNarmadapuram. The division-wise districts are indicated in the table below:

Table 1.3 :Division wise Districts in Madhya Pradesh

S.No.

Name of Division No of Districts Name of Districts

1. Bhopal, 05 Bhopal, Sehore, Raisen, Rajgarh, Vidisha2. Narmadapuram 04 Betul, Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Harda3. Indore 08 Indore, Jhabua, Alirajpur, Khargone,

Badwani, Khandwa, Burhanpur, Dhar4. Ujjain 07 Dewas, Ratlam, Shajapur, Mandsaur,

Neemuch, Ujjain,Agar Malwa5. Gwalior 05 Gwalior, Shivpuri, Guna, Ashok Nagar, Datia6. Chambal 03 Bhind, Morena, Sheopur

7. Sagar 05 Sagar, Damoh, Panna, Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh8. Jabalpur 06 Jabalpur, Katni, Narsinghpur, Seoni, Mandla,

Balaghat9. Rewa 04 Rewa, Sidhi, Singraouli, Satna,10. Shahdol 04 Umariya, Dindori, Shahdol, Anuppur

51


Fig.1.2 Madhya Pradesh District Map

Madhya Pradesh is home to about 40 percent of India's tribal population. There are threedistinct tribal groups in the state. The largest chunk is formed by the Gonds, who once ruled amajor part of the state and after whom Gondwana, the central portion of the state is known.Western Madhya Pradesh is inhabited by the Bhils, a colourful group of warriors andhuntsmen. Eastern Madhya Pradesh is dominated by the Oraons, most of whom have nowturned Christians. Hindi is the most widely spoken language though Marathi is alsowidespread. Urdu, Oriya, Gujarati and Punjabi are spoken by sizeable numbers. The Bhils speakBhili and the Gonds Gondi and a major chunk of the population also speak Hindi. The Gonds,Bhils and Banjaras have several vibrant tribal dances like Phag (a sword dance), Lota (dance bywomen full of water on their heads), and other stilt dances. Textiles are important but MadhyaPradesh also has a strong traditional village handicraft industry. Handloom Chanderi andMaheshwar silks are especially sought after.The tribal population produces attractive handicrafts. Among the temples known throughoutthe world for their erotic art are those at Khajuraho in the Chhatarpur district in the north ofthe state; dating from AD 1000, they were built by the Chandela kings. The temples at Gwaliorand in its vicinity should also be mentioned. The palaces and mosque at Mandu (near Dhar),the majestic Bandhogarh fort built in the 14th century, and the Gwalior fort--perhaps the mostimpressive of the residences of the former princes of Madhya Pradesh-represent other notablearchitectural achievements. The state has several well-known annual cultural events, such asKalidas Samaroh (for performing and fine arts) in Ujjain, Tansen Samaroh (music) in Gwalior,and a dance festival in Khajuraho, where artists from all over India participate. In Bhopal there


is a unique multifaceted cultural complex, the Bharat Bhavan, which functions as a meetingground for artists from various fields. Located along the Bhopal Lake, this sprawling complexhouses a museum, a library, an open-air theatre, and a number of conference halls. The statehas important yearly religious melas (gatherings) in Mandasor and Ujjain, as well as religiousfestivals like Dashhara.Population of Madhya Pradesh The population of the state is 7,25,97,565 in the last heldcensus of 2011. At that point of time, Madhya Pradesh was considered to be the seventh mostpopulated state of India. Though Madhya Pradesh used to be a sparsely populated stateconsidering the huge area that it covers, yet the growth in the industries in the chief urbanareas saw a steady rise in the number of inhabitants from the previous census. The improvedgender ratio and literacy rate also speaks for the improvement of civil consciousness amongthe population of Madhya Pradesh. Population in Madhya Pradesh is largely rural. About 75 %of the total population resides in the villages. People involved in agriculture; by far; forms thebiggest occupation group in Madhya Pradesh. Nearly 71 % of the population is directlyinvolved in agriculture.Madhya Pradesh's population boasts of a diverse ethnicity. Although Hindi is spoken by mostinhabitants, yet other minor ethnic groups also abound. Madhya Pradesh has the largest tribalpopulation in India, contributing to more than 23 % of the total tribal population in India. Bhils,Gonds, Oraons, Korkens and Kols form the major ethnic groups of Madhya Pradesh. Recently adevelopment has been noted in the sex-ratio and the literacy rate of these ethnic groups.However, most of them still prefer to continue with their traditional agrarian way of life.The Government of Madhya Pradesh has been active in strengthening its industrial base in thelast few years. That has given rise to an increasing demand for skilled labor throughout thestate. The unskilled labor of the state are centered around the chief urban centers and aresupplied by the rural areas of the state. Madhya Pradesh is rich in minerals, though theseresources have not yet been fully exploited. There are large reserves of coal and importantdeposits of copper ore, manganese ore, fireclay, and china clay. Diamond reserves at Pannaare of particular interest. Recent findings of large amount of Gas and Petroleum in and aroundShahdol, is a new addition.The major industries of the state are Pharmaceutical, Electronics, Telecommunications,Petrochemicals, Food Processing and Automobiles. The state has also taken a lead in theproduction of cement. The state is also famous for its traditional handicrafts and handloomsmanufactured at Chanderi and Maheshwar. The state is well endowed with potentialhydroelectric power. Main hydroelectric projects (jointly developed with other states) are theBabanthadi with Maharashtra, the Ban Sagar with Bihar and Uttar Pradesh, the Chambal Valleywith Rajasthan, the Narmada Sagar with Gujarat and Rajasthan, and the Rajghat and Urmilwith Uttar Pradesh. The Hasdeo Bango, Bargi, and Birsinghapur thermal power projects arealso within the state.Agriculture is the basis of Madhya Pradesh's economy. Little less than half of the land area iscultivable; however its distribution is quite uneven because of variations in topography,


rainfall, and soils. The main cultivated areas are found in the Malwa Plateau, the Rewa Plateau,and the Chhattisgarh Plain. The Narmada valley, covered with river-borne alluvium, is anotherfertile area. The most important crops are rice, wheat, sorghum (jowar), corn (maize), pulses(legumes such as peas, beans, or lentils), and peanuts (groundnuts). Rice is grown mainly in theeast, where there is more rainfall, while in western Madhya Pradesh wheat and sorghum aremore important.The state is the largest soybean producer in India. Other crops include linseed, sesame,sugarcane, and cotton, as well as minor millets, which are grown in hilly areas. The state is alarge producer of opium (in the western district of Mandasor, near Rajasthan) and marijuana(in the southwestern district of Khandwa [East Nimar]). In fact, in Madhya Pradesh the basicmainstay of the common people is agriculture; and it is through agriculture that the state isgrowing with leaps and bounds. In Madhya Pradesh, about 74.73 % of people come fromvillages who are far from the influence of industrialization.Agriculture in Madhya Pradesh, a major part of the economy of Madhya Pradesh, also playsan important role in the National Agricultural Production. Produced below is MadhyaPradesh’s share in National Agriculture production:

Table 1.4 State's Share in National Agriculture Production & Their Status

CROPGROUPCROP

FIRST POSITION SECOND POSITION THIRD POSITION POSITION OF M.P. IFNOT IN FIRST THREESTATE {%}

SHARESTATE {%}

SHARESTATE {%}

SHAREPOSITION {%}

SHARETOTALCEREALS

RAJ 25.37 MAH 13.56 A. P 9.18 FIFTH 8.7

TOTALPULSES

M.P. 21.38 U.P. 19.77 MAH 18.51 - -

TOTALFOODGRAINS

U.P. 20.73 PUN 11.59 RAJ 8.43 FIFTH 7.43

TOTAL OILSEEDS

GUJ 22.42 M .P. 22.10 RAJ 15.82 - -

RICE WB 16.61 U.P. 14.75 PUN 10.94 FOURTEENTH

1.90

JOWAR MAH 46.09 M.P. 14.11 KAR 11.03 - -MAIZE A.P. 16.61 RAJ 13.86 M.P 12.39 - -BAJRA RAJ 54.87 GUJ 13.20 U.P. 9.24 SIXTH 2.15WHEAT U.P. 35.46 PUN 20.09 HAR 12.66 FOURTH 10.04ARHAR MAH 29.11 U.P. 17.30 M.P. 11.39 - -GRAM M.P. 40.33 U.P. 18.40 MAH 10.61 - -MASOOR U.P. 48.54 M.P. 23.30 BIH 15.53 - -GROUNDNUT

GUJ 54.8 A.P. 12.10 TAM 11.25 SEVENTH 3.18

SOYABEAN M.P. 59.92 MAH 28.14 RAJ 8.78 - -RAPE/MUSTARD

RAJ 44.19 HAR 15.48 U.P. 12.74 FOURTH 7.74

COTTON GUJ 29.06 MAH 22.21 A.P. 13.65 SEVENTH 4.76SUGARCANE

U.P. 47.51 MAH 11.37 TAM 8.31 ELEVENTH 0.92


Note : Data pertains to year 2003-04 (M P – Madhya Pradesh, U. P. - Uttar Pradesh, A.P.Andhra Pradesh, RAJ Ra

Fig. 1.3 Madhya Pradesh Agricultural Map

Agriculture continues to be the mainstay of livelihood for more than 50 per cent of thepopulation in Madhya Pradesh. It contributes more than 12 per cent of Net State DomesticProduct. It is the single largest private sector providing job opportunities for rural peoplebesides being the source of supply of food grains and other dietary staples and serving as theprime source of raw materials for industries. Agricultural development is essential not only toachieve self-reliance in food grains at the state level, but also for ensuring household foodsecurity and to bring equity in distribution of income and wealth resulting in ultimatereduction of the poverty level. In fact, high economic growth will have no meaning for themasses living in rural areas unless agriculture is revitalized.Realising the urgency of problems in many of the states in India, National DevelopmentCouncil (NDC) resolved that a special Additional Central Assistance Scheme, named NationalAgriculture Development Programme (NADP / RKVY) be launched. The NDC also felt thatagriculture development strategies must be reoriented to meet the needs of farmers andcalled upon the Central and State governments to evolve a strategy to rejuvenate agriculturewith a commitment to achieve at least four per cent growth in the agricultural sector duringthe 11th Five Year plan period. To achieve this, formulation of action plans by means ofdeveloping Comprehensive District Agriculture Plans (DAP) is recommended. It is of the viewthat such plans would also reflect the various felt needs of the farmers and other stakeholders.


Such District Agriculture Plans aim at moving towards projecting the requirements fordevelopment of Agriculture and allied sectors of the district including animal husbandry andfishery, minor irrigation projects, rural development works, agricultural marketing schemes,schemes for water harvesting and conservation, etc. keeping in view of the natural resourcesand technological possibilities in each district. These plans thus, would present the vision forAgriculture and allied sectors within the overall development perspective of the district apartfrom the financial requirement and the sources of financing the agriculture development plansin a comprehensive way.Preparation of District Agriculture Plan for individual district in turn follows the formulation ofState Agriculture Plan (SAP). The State Agriculture Plan integrates multiple programmes thatare in operation in the district and State, include the resources and activities indicated by theState and combines the resources available from the other programmes also.1.2 Major Areas of FocusThe NADP guidelines indicate the following major areas of focus. Based on these focussedareas, interventions and detailed action plans along with the budget are prepared. Fewinnovative schemes as per the felt needs of the stakeholders are also proposed.Integrated development of major food crops like paddy, coarse cereals, minor millets, pulsesand oilseeds, Agriculture mechanization, Activities related to the enhancement of soil health,Development of rainfed farming systems in and outside watershed areas, as also integrateddevelopment of watershed areas, wastelands and river valleys, Integrated Pest Managementschemes, Strengthening of market infrastructure and marketing development, Strengtheningof infrastructure to promote Extension Services, Activities relating to enhancement ofhorticultural production and popularization of micro irrigation systems, Animal husbandry andfisheries development activities, Study tours of farmers, Organic and bio-fertilizers, andInnovative schemes.1.2.1 Objectives of C-DAPTo prepare a Comprehensive District Agriculture Plan (C-DAP) through participatory processinvolving various organizations and stakeholders. To enable optimum utilization of scarcenatural, physical and financial resources. To assess and plan for the infrastructure required tosupport the agriculture development. To establish linkages with the required institutionalsupport services, like credit, technology transfer, ICT, research, etc. To evolve an action planfor achieving sustainable agricultural growth with food security and cropping system that willimprove farmers’ income.1.2.2 Approach and Methodology for the District and State PlanDepartment of Farmer’s Welfare and Agriculture, Government of Madhya Pradesh, advertisedfor the expression of interest from suitable agencies for the preparation of CDAPs, in January’2009. Adopting the transparent and step by step systematic approach, work orders and MOUswere finally signed on 29th June’ 2009; with five most eligible agencies for undertaking thework in 48 districts of MP. (Work orders for the preparation of CDAPs, for two districts wereallotted directly by GOI, to MANAGE, Hyderabad). The Comprehensive – District Agriculture


Plans (C–DAP) prepared by these five agencies followed the methodology suggested by C –DAPManual prescribed by Planning Commission, Government of India in letter and spirit. Theseagencies followed the Participatory Planning Process1 (PPP) and Participatory Rural Appraisal2

(PRA) tools to involve local Gram Panchayats (GP) and the community in the grassrootsplanning process.A road map was developed to achieve the desired result in the allocated time frame; by eachagency two separate teams were constituted, viz Operational Task Team3 (OTT) comprising ofsenior development professional at district and block level for consultation, coordination,collection of information from all possible secondary sources, collating the dataset andinformation to derive certain definitive appraisals of the current situation and comprehendingthe proposals to be included in the final plan with active support from the functionaries ofvarious departments involved in agriculture and natural resource development andmanagement and Yojna Jankars4 to work with GP5 functionaries for developing primarydataset, appraisal and analysis of current situation on ground zero and capturing theaspirations and reflections of the target communities and or their constituent groups.A Strategic Task Team (STT) comprising of senior development academics and professionalswith sufficient experience in development, planning, monitoring, capacity building andexecution from National Livelihood Resources Institute6 and field office of agencies, along withthe consultant of the department were given the responsibility of orientation training OTTmembers in the entire planning processes, provide intellectual support to OTT for conductingdistrict and block consultation sessions with officials and functionaries of concerndepartments, Janpad Panchayats at block level and Gram Panchayats. The STT comprises of amultidisciplinary skill set and expertise and was involved in developing the final plans fordiscussion with district and state officials. STT members conducted a series of internalmeetings to build the perspective plan for each allocated district, did data mining from avariety of sources both in physical and digital format as reference material.1.2.3. Steps Followed in Developing District Plans(a) Internal Consultations Meeting and Orientation Training: The internal consultationmeeting – cum – orientation training of the all the members involved in developing C – DAPplan was convened at NLRI, Ratlam. The participants were given thorough understanding of C

1 PPP – Participatory Planning Process is dynamic interactive process involving the localcommunities for appraisal, on the spot analysis, triangulation, collection, collation andconsolidation of the information needed for identification, prioritization and developingoptions for local development.2 PRA – Participatory Rural Appraisal is dynamic tool box used for developing local plans usinglocal capacities and indigenous knowledge making the exogenous development efforts moreendogenous.3 OTT and STT are the part of team of professional, para – professionals and experts in thevarious streams of farming systems development and management4 Grassroot workers identified and trained by agencies for collecting village based information5 GP – Gram Panchayats


– DAP Manual, the spirit enshrined in the manual, the scope of planning exercise, the processto be followed along with the planning tools to be used. The orientation module included theprincipals of participatory planning process, mechanisms to collect most relevant and updatedinformation both from secondary and primary sources, developing the information base usingPRA tools especially FGD7, developing the vision of the district, collection of data from GramPanchayat, block and district and finalizing the action plan for the district. Operational TaskTeam comprising of a DPC8, BPC9 for each block to carrying out the task in time boundschedule and in a manner that facilitates adequate interaction with Gram Panchayatfunctionaries, elected public representatives, grassroots officials involved in program planningand execution from various line departments and vulnerable contingent of the community. Adetailed plan of action for preparation of C-DAP was finalized during the internal consultationmeet and orientation training. The participants were put through the mock exercise forconducting FGD; collection of GP10 level information in the prescribed formats, a hinditranslation was given to the grassroots Yojna Jankars with vernacular expressions and localweights and measures to capture the local understanding of the communities.(b) Collection of Primary Information: The OTT members visited each GP carrying out theinteractive process for joint reflection and collective appraisal with the local communities,active involving local leaderships to acquire the desired information as per prescribedschedules11. This process helped in rationalizing the priorities, identifying critical issues,identifying feasible problems, crystallizing the options and alternatives, evolving localstrategies, taking cognizance of prevalent best practices, communities’ aspirations andindigenous knowledge of the local environment within which the individuals and communitiesconduct themselves to derive their livelihoods.(c) Collection of Secondary Data: The STT members started desk reviews and developed checklist of reports of the concern department for collection, compilation, collating and analysis ofthe secondary datasets. Efforts were made to collect the published and authentic records fromthe different government departments, lead banks, Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK), AcademicInstitutions and others etc. for making the C – DAP plan. During course of interaction withDeputy Director of Agriculture Department of Farmers Welfare and Agriculture Development(DFW & AD, GoMP), Government of MP, the C – DAPs developed by the department were

7 FGD – Focus Group Discussion is dynamic participatory tool from PRA tool box, it allows thetarget community group to discuss and apprise the issues under question and arrive at certainconsensus, it facilitates on spot verification and triangulation of the information shared by theconstituent members of the group.8 DPC – District Project Coordinator to lead the entire district planning team9 BPC – Block Project Coordinator to lead the black and Gram Panchayat planning teams10 GP – Gram Panchayat11 Refer C – DAP Manual for the prescribed schedules for districts, blocks and GP at Annex – Iappended in the compendium of GP Action plan in volume – II of this report.


shared and collected for further analysis. In the districts allocated to GVT, SREP from ATMA12

Agency have been collected for reference and review to incorporate the key finding in terms ofstrategic research and extension agenda under specific agro – ecological situations (AES)13 andidentify the research and extension gaps to facilitate GPs and local communities to developoption and alternatives. DDM, NABARD14 and their regional office at Bhopal were contacted tounderstand the potential credit need assessment process followed by the national bank forever financial year. The PLP15 provided sound understanding of the potential assessed by thenational bank and lead bank to develop the credit plan for the district. Besides, these plans;the district perspective plan for NREGA16 and BRGF17 have been accessed to analyze andcollate the convergence strategy for the proposed C – DAP.(d) Reconnaissance Survey: A multidisciplinary team of experts in agriculture, naturalresources management, irrigation and watershed management, farming systems specialists,community development specialist and senior professionals having expertise in apprising theissues of PRI framework visited the districts for visual observations and spontaneousinteractions with the cross – section of rural communities. FGDs were conducted with farmergroups to understand their aspirations and gauge the prospect district vision and its realizationon the ground.(e) District / Block Level Consultations: The five agencies organized district level consultationmeets chaired by the District Collectors and attended by the district and block level officialsfrom all the key departments involved in agriculture and rural development18, farmers’representatives19, elected representatives from the Jila Panchayats were involved in theintense discussion. It helped to:Discuss strength, weakness, opportunities and challenges in the farm sector,

12 ATMA – Agriculture Technology Management Agency is a legal body incorporated andregistered in each district responsible for extension management, as per the guidelines aStrategic Research and Extension Plan (SREP)13 The AES have been identified by the State Agriculture University using parameters liketopography, soil type, rainfall, moisture regime, temperature regime etc…14 DDM – District Development Manager , NABARD – National Bank for Agriculture and RuralDevelopment15 PLP – Potential Linked Credit Plans – A document portraying the potential of eachconstituent subsector of rural and farm economy.16 NREGA – National Rural Employment Guarantee Act plans developed by the districtadministration followed a very similar process starting from the Gram Panchayats to convergeat Janpad (Block) and district level.17 BRGF – Backward region Grant Fund also attempted a district level planning process similarto this to identify the missing infrastructure and capacity building needs of the vulnerable classof the rural communities.18 See the list of departments and officials at Annex – II19 The farmer representatives in the ATMA governing board attended the district consultationmeets


Identify the factors impeding the development especially in the farm sector, identified anumber of options and alternatives, evolve a common agreed vision; and chart the strategy toachieve the common shared visionAt district consultation the key departments involved in agriculture and rural development,academic and technical institutions related to agriculture, horticulture, forestry, fisheries, ruralindustries, sericulture, hydrology, meteorology, lead bank representatives were invited by thedistrict administration and were advised to share their views on the above referred agenda.The consultation was helpful in developing the vision plan for the district and also helped invisualizing and conceptualizing the future prospects for development of agriculture in thedistrict.(f) Desk Research: A systematic and focused desk research and internet assisted search forrelevant documents, reports reviews, appraisals, evaluations of the previous schemes, projectsand research notes were carried out to review of national, regional and local experiences inpreparing such plan. The desk review provided vital statistics and dataset from various sourcesto construct the development or backwardness indices for the blocks and understand thereasons impeding the development.(g) Processing and Analysis: All the collected information from both primary and secondarysources, desk reviews and research notes was analyzed and calibrated. The analyzed data havebeen used develop vision document, strategy and action plan for the district.(h) Develop Map Dossier: The agencies organized dynamic digital maps of the district withblock boundaries, block maps with village boundaries and has developed thematic maps byinserting the dataset with appropriate legends. The map dossier is a standalone documentappended with the report for easy understanding and future monitoring of the action plan.(i) Preparation of Draft Action Plan and Presentation in District Collectors MeetingSubsequently, based on the baseline information and proposals, a draft action plan wasprepared for each district and this was presented in the District Collectors Meetings held in therespective district under the Chairmanship of District Collector. This meeting was attended bythe scientists from KVKs, officials from line departments and the representatives of localbodies. A wide coverage was given in the media also to ensure better participation. Thefeedback received in the District Collectors Meeting was also incorporated before finalizationof the District Agriculture Plan. The recommendations and relevant details based on StrategicResearch Extension Plan and Agriculture Technology Management Agency have also beenconsidered before finalizing the plan report.(j) State Agriculture Plan: This document, named as State Agriculture Plan, thus integrates allthese district level action plans plus addition of State Sector Plans / Programmes, dulyapproved by the State Level Sanctioning Committee and organized in different chaptersnamely:Chapter 1 as Introduction and Methodology;Chapter 2 as Current Status of the Economy of the State;Chapter 3 as Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Challenges of the State;Chapter 4 as Vision of the State;Chapter 5 as Development of Agriculture SectorChapter 6 as Development of Allied Sector; andChapter 7 as ; State Plan


CHAPTER – II

RESOURCE BASE AND CURRENT STATUS OF THE ECONOMY

2.1. Zonal ClassificationsMadhya Pradesh can be divided into three types of zonal classifications, namelyGeomorphologic zones, Agro-climatic zones and Agro-ecological zones.

2.1.1. Geomorphologic ZonesAgro – Climatic Zones Based on the rainfall pattern, soils types and topography MadhyaPradesh State is divided into eleven agro-climatic zones and 5 crop zones. District-wiseclassification along with soil type and normal rainfall range is as given below in table 2.1.1 (a):

Table 2.1 Agro Climatic and Crop zones of Madhya Pradesh

S.No.

CROP/ZONES

AGRO-CLIMATICREGIONS

SOIL TYPE RAINFALL(Range inmm)

DISTRICTS COVERED DETAILS OFPARTLYCOVEREDDISTRICTS

1. 1 Ricezone

Chhattisgarhplains

Red and Yellow(Medium)

1200 to1600

Balaghat.

2 -do- Northern HillRegionofChhattisgarh

Red and YellowMedium black& skeletal(Medium/light)

1200 to1600

,Shahdol, Mandla,Dindori,Anuppur, Sidhi (Partly),Umaria

3 2 WheatRiceZone

KymorePlateau andSatpura Hills

Mixed red andblack soils(Medium)

1000 to1400

Rewa, Satna, Panna,Jabalpur, Seoni, Katni,Sidhi

4 3 Wheatzone

CentralNarmadaValley

Deep black(deep)

1200 to1600

Narsinghpur,Hoshangabad Sehore(Partly), Raisen (Partly)

Sehore :-BudniTehsil.Raisen :-BareliTehsil.

5 -do- VindhyaPlateau

Medium blackand deep black(Medium/Heavy)

1200 to1400

Bhopal, Sagar, Damoh,Vidisha, Raisen (exceptBareli Teh.), Sehore(except Budni Teh.),Guna (Partly).

Guna,Chanchoda,Raghogarh &Aron Tehsils.

6 4Wheat-Jowar

Gird Region Alluvial (Light) 800 to1000

Gwalior, Bhind, Morena,Sheopur Kalan, Shivpuri(except Pichore, Karera,Narwar, Khania – danaTeh.), Guna (except


Aron, Raghogarh,Chachoda Tehsil),Ashoknagar

7 Wheat-Jowar:

Bundelkhand Mixed red andblack(Medium)

800 to1400

Chhattarpur, Datia,Tikamgarh, and Shivpuri(Partly)

Shivpuri(Karera,Pichhore,Narwar &KhaniadhanaTehsils).

8 -do- SatpuraPlateau

Shallow black(Medium)

1000 to1200

Betul and Chhindwara

9 5. CottonJowar

MalwaPlateau

Medium black(Medium)

800 to1200

Mandsaur, Neemuch,Ratlam, Ujjain, Dewas,Indore, Shajapur,Rajgarh and Dhar (Partly)Jhabua (Partly)

Dhar :-Dhar,Badnawarand SardarpurTehsils.Jhabua :-Petlawad Tehsil.

10 -do- Nimar Plains Medium black(Medium)

800 to1000

Khandwa, Burhanpur,Khargone, Barwani,Harda ,Dhar (Partly)District.

Dhar Manawar,Dharampuri andGandhawaniTehsil.

11 -do- Jhabua HillsMedium blackskeletal (Light/Medium)

800to1000

Jhabua District (exceptPetlawad Tehsil) andDhar (Partly)

Dhar:- OnlyKukshi Tehsil.

A map showing different agro climatic zones of Madhya Pradesh is depicted below:

Figure 2.1 The distribution of Agro climatic zones in Madhya Pradesh

CHATTISGARH PLAINS


The Chhattisgarh plains zone comprising the revenue district of Balaghat. The region broadlyspread by Red and Yellow Medium soil. The rainfall in this region is in the range of 1200 to1600 mm yearly. Rice is main crop of this region; which is grown in most part of the region.

NORTHERN HILL REGION OF CHATTISGARHThe Northern hill region of Chattisgarh zone comprises of the revenue districts of Shahdol,Mandla, Dindori, Anooppur, Sidhi (Partly) and Umariya, Generally Skeletal medium / light, Redand Medium black soils are found in this region. The rain fall pattern of this region is almostsame to Chhattisgarh plains; i.e. in the range of 1200 to 1600 mm yearly. Rice is the main cropof this region too.

KYMURE PLATEAU AND STAPURA HILLSThe Kymore plateau and Satpura hills comprises of Rewa, Satna, Panna, Jabalpur, Seoni, Katni,and Sidhi. Mixed red and medium black soil are mainly in the region. In this region rainfall is inthe range of 1000 to 1400 mm yearly. In the region wheat and rice are mainly grown.

CENTRAL NARMADA VALLEYDistrict Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad, Sehore (Partly) and partly Raisen are part of the CentralNarmada valley zone. This region is covered by Deep black high fertile soil. In this region therainfall recorded is 1200 mm minimum and 1600 mm maximum. Wheat is the main crop ofthis region.

VINDHYA PLAREAUThe Vindhya plateau is situated in the central part of Madhya Pradesh and is comprising ofdistricts of Bhopal, Sagar, Damoh, Vidish, Raisen (Excluding Bareli tehsil), Sehre (Exept BudniTehsil) and Guna (partly), the area is covered by medium black and deep black soils. Therainfall ranges from 1200 mm to 1400 which is mostly contributed by South west monsoon.Wheat is the main crop of this region.

GIRD REGIONThe Gird Region zone is situated in the northern part of Madhya Pradesh comprising ofdistricts Gwalior, Bhind, Morena, Seopur-kala, Shivpuri (Excluding Pichore, Karera, Narwar andKhania-dana tehsil), Guna (Exept Aron, Radhogarh and Chachoda tehsil) and Ashoknagardistrict. The area is covered by light Alluvial soil. The area is having main crops of Wheat andJowar. The rainfall ranges from 800 to 1000 mm yearly.

BUNDELKHANDThe districts of Chhattrpur, Datia, Tikamgarh and partly Shivpuri are part of the Bundelkhandzone. The area of this zone is divided in the two part one is western part connected with Girdregion having one district and another is eastern part connected with Kymore plateau in the


eastern side and Vindhya plateau in the southern part, this region is covered by Mixed Red andMedium black soils having wheat and Jowar as main crop, rainfall ranges from 800 to 1400 mmin this region.

SATPURA PLATEAUBetul and Chhindwara districts comes under the Satpura zone. In this zone the soil is mediumshallow black, mainly wheat and jowar are grown in this region. Rainfall range of this region is1000 to 1200 mm yearly.

MALWA PLATEAUMandsaur, Neemuch, Ratlam, Ujjain, Dewas, Indore, Shajapur, Rajgarh, Dhar (Partly) andJhabua (Partly) districts are comes under the Malwa plateau Zone in this zone the soil ismedium black, mainly Cotton and Jowar grow in this region, Rainfall ranges of this region is800 to 1200 mm yearly.

NIMAR PLAINSKhandwa, Burhanpur, Khargone, Barwani Harda Dhar (partly) and Jhabua (partly) districtscomes under the Satpura zone. The soil in this zone is medium shallow black, mainly wheatand Jowar are grown in this region. Rainfall ranges of this region are 1000 to 1200 mm yearly.

JHABUA HILLSThe Jhabua hills zone is situated in the south western part of Madhya Pradesh, comprising ofJhabua (excluding Petlawad Tehsil) and Dhar (partly) districts. The area is covered by MediumBlack skeletal (Light / Medium) soil with main crops of Cotton, Maize and Jowar. The rainfallranges from 800 to 1000 mm yearly.

Soils of Madhya PradeshMajor portion in Madhya Pradesh is covered by deep medium black soil covering 16.21 m. haarea; i.e. having 36.53 % area. Districts covered includes; Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad, Harda,Shahdol, Umaria, Jabalpur, Katni Sagar, Damoh, Vidisha, Raisen, Bhopal, Sehore, Rajgarh,Ujjain, Dewas, Shajapur, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ratlam, Jhabua, Dhar, Indore, KhargoneBarwani, Khandwa, Guna (partly), Shivpuri (partly), Datia (partly), Sidhi (partly), Anuppur,Ashoknagar, Burhanpur, Alirajpur and Singroli.

Mixed Red and Black soil also covers 18.30 % of total area; i.e. 8.11 m ha. The districts coveredunder this category includes; Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, Rewa, Satna, Panna, Chhattarpur andTikamgarh. Four districts are partly covered under this soil type, that includes Shivpuri, Guna,Datia and Sidhi.

Alluvial soil is in 7.57 % area of Madhya Pradesh aving total area of 3.35 m ha.Four districts are entirely covered with this type of soil namely; Gwalior, Morena, Sheopurkalan and Bhind, one district which is partly covered is Shivpuri.


Shallow and medium black soil covers 6.91 % area of state, having total area 3.06 m ha. Betul,Chhindwara and Seoni districts entirely are covered by this type of soil.

The types of soil and their availability in Madhya Pradesh are furnished in Table given below.

Table 2.2 Types of soil and area covered in Madhya Pradesh

S.No. Type of soilsArea and (%)

No. ofDistricts

Name of Districts

1 Shallow andmedium BlacksoilArea 3.06 m. ha.(6.91%)

3 Betul, Chhindwara and Seoni

2 Deep mediumBlack soil Area16.21 m. ha.(36.53%)

33 Narsinghpur, Hoshangabad, Harda, Shahdol,Umaria, Jabalpur, Katni Sagar, Damoh, Vidisha,Raisen, Bhopal, Sehore, Rajgarh, Ujjain, Dewas,Shajapur, Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ratlam, Jhabua,Dhar, Indore, Khargone Barwani, Khandwa, Guna(partly), Shivpuri (partly), Datia (partly) and Sidhi(partly), Anuppur, Ashoknagar, Burhanpur,Alirajpur, Singroli

3 Alluvial soilArea 3.35 m. ha.(7.57%)

4 Gwalior, Morena, Sheopurkala, Bhind & Shivpuri(partly)

4 Mixed Red andBlack soilArea 8.11 m. ha.(18.30%)

8 Mandla, Dindori, Balaghat, Rewa, Satna, Panna,Chhatarpur, Tikamgarh, Shivpuri (partly), Guna(partly), Datia (partly) and Sidhi (partly)

Indicated in the below mentioned table is the status of soil nutrients i.e. Nitrogen,Phosphorous and Potash as low, medium and high. As is evident from the table majority of thedistricts of Madhya Pradesh (21 to number) are having Low – Nitrogen levels, MediumPhosphorous levels and High Potash levels.

Table 2.3 District-Wise Soil Fertility Status

S.No. NEUTRIENTS STATUS DISTRTS COVERED NAME OF DISTRICTS

1

N- Low 21 Districts Mandsaur, Neemuch, Ujjain, Jhabua, Burhanpur

P- Medium Alirajpur, Dhar, Indore, Khandwa, Dewas, Shajapur,

K- High Raisen, Vidisha, Bhopal, Sehore, Betul,

State Agriculture Plan (2012-17) , Madhya Pradesh Source: Compendium of Agriculture statistics: Directorate of Farmer’s Welfare & AgricultureDevelopment, MP

Rajgarh, Shivpuri, Guna, Datia and Ashoknagar

2

N- Low 9 Districts. Gwalior, Bhind, Morena, Sheopurkala,

P- Medium Ratlam, Khargone, Hoshangabad,

K- High Harda and Badwani.

3

N- Low 7 Districts Narsinghpur, Jabalpur, Katni, Satna,

P- Low Rewa, Sidhi and Singroli.

K- High

4

N- Medium 3 Districts Mandla, Dindori and Sagar.

P- Low

K- Medium

5

N- Medium 7 Districts Tikamgarh, Panna, Shahdol, Umaria,

P- Low Balaghat, Seoni and Anuppur

K- High

6

N- Low 1 District Damoh

P- Low

K- Medium

7

N- Medium 2 Districts Chhindwara and Chhatarpur

P- Medium

K- Medium


District wise spread of Rainfall in Madhya PradeshIt could be seen from the table below, that the total average rainfall received up to22/9/2012in the state is 992.4 and against normal rainfall of state 911.2, normally month wisemonsoon in the Madhya Pradesh is uncertain in June to September period. Mostly the rainfallreceived from South west monsoon in the rainy season. The Rainfall position 2012(22-09-2012) along with normal rainfall is furnished in table below.

Table 2.4 Rainfall Distribution in Madhya Pradesh Rainfall position 2012(22-09-2012)

Rainfall position 2012(22-09-2012)Particulars No. DISTRICTS

EXCESS RAINFALL

(+20% & Above)14 SINGROLI, BETUL, HARDA, SIDHI, JHABUA,

KHANDWA ,BURHANPUR, HOSHANGABAD,DEWAS ,SEHORE , REWA,U JJAIN, SHIVPURI ,INDORE.

NORMAL RAINFALL

(+19% to –19%)34

RATLAM ,MORENA., MANDSAUR, BHOPAL, DATIA,JABALPUR, GUNA, ALIRAJPUR, CHHINDWADA,RAJGARH, KATNI, BHIND, SHAJAPUR, GWALIOR.NEEMUCH. MANDLA SHEOPURKALA,KHARGONE, DAMOH, PANNA. SATNA, VIDISHA,NARSINGHPUR, ASHOKNAGAR, RAISEN, SEONI,TIKAMGARH, DHAR, SHAHDOL, SAGAR, DINDORI,CHHATARPR. BALAGHAT, ANUPPUR ,

DEFICIENT RAINFALL

(-20% to -59%)2 BARWANI, UMARIA

NORMAL RAINFALLOF STATE (mm)

911.9

ACTUAL RAINFALLOF STATE (mm)

992.4

% INCREASE +9%

Source Presentation; NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR RABI CAMPAIGN 2012-13 byGo MPFrom the table, it could be seen that comparatively Excess rainfall was received in 14 districts,normal rainfall was received in the 34 districts and deficient rainfall was received in twodistricts with actual rainfall of state 992.4mm against normal rainfall of state 911.9mm

LAND DEGRADATIONLand degradation, in general, implies temporary or permanent recession from a higher to alower status of productivity through deterioration of physical, chemical and biological aspects.The physical processes, which contribute to land degradation, are mainly water and winderosion, compaction, crusting and water logging. The chemical processes include salinization,alkalization, acidification, pollution and nutrient depletion. The biological processes, on theother hand are related to the reduction of organic matter content in the soil, degradation ofvegetation and impairment of activities of micro-flora and fauna .

Water ErosionWater erosion is the most widespread form of degradation and occurs widely in all agro-climatic zones. The displacement of soil material by water can result in either loss of top soil or


terrain deformation or both. This category includes processes such as splash erosion, sheeterosion, rill and gully erosion. The soil erosion is initiated when raindrops fall onto the bare soilsurface. The impact of raindrops breaks up the surface soil aggregates and splashes particlesinto the air. On sloping land relatively more of the detached material will fall down sloperesulting in runoff. This subsequently lead to different types of water erosion depending onthe gravity of the problem, susceptibility of land and continuity of the process.

1. Sheet erosionIt is a common problem resulting from loss of top fertile soils. The loss of topsoil is oftenpreceded by compaction and/or crusting, resulting in a decrease of infiltration capacity of thesoil. The soil particles are removed from the whole soil surface on a fairly uniform basis in theform of thin layers. The severity of the problem is often difficult to visualize with naked eyes inthe field.

2. RillsWhen the surface runoff goes in the form a concentric flow, a tiny water channels are formedin the field. These are small rivulets of such a size that they can be worked over with farmmachinery. Rills are generally associated with the cultivated lands and are visible in theploughed soil after first heavy showers. One important feature of rills is that they do not occurat the same place repeatedly. This is a temporary concentric flow of runoff, which could vanishafter ploughing the land.

3. GulliesGullies are formed as a result of localized surface run-off affecting the unconsolidated materialresulting in the formation of perceptible channels causing undulating terrain. If rills areneglected and the erosion continues for a long time, it develops in to gullies. They arecommonly found in sloping lands, developed as a result of concentrated run-off over fairly longtime. They are mostly associated with stream courses, sloping grounds with good rainfallregions and foot hill regions. These are the first stage of excessive land dissection followed bytheir networking which leads to the development of ravenous land.

4. RavinesThe word ravine is usually associated not with an isolated gully but an intricate network ofgullies formed generally in deep alluvium and entering a nearby river, flowing much lower thanthe surrounding tablelands. Ravines are basically extensive systems of gullies developed alongriver courses. Further classification of this category is possible based on the depth, width, bedslope, frequency and morphology of bed material of the ravines. Based on the depth of theravines, which has a characteristic manifestation on the satellite image, two subcategories arepossible for delineation viz., shallow ravinous and deep ravenous lands.


Wind ErosionIt implies uniform displacement of topsoil by wind action. It can result in loss of topsoil and thedeposition of the eroded material from elsewhere . The risk of wind erosion is severe in thearid and semi-arid areas. It includes both the removal and deposition of soil particles by windaction and the abrasive effects of moving particles as they are transported. Not only can thewind remove topsoil from good farmland; it can result in additional damage by burying land,buildings, machinery, etc. with unwanted soil. It occurs when soil is left devoid of vegetationeither because of poor rainfall to support any vegetal cover or loss of vegetation due toovergrazing. In the sand deposited areas with rainfall the sand gets stabilized partially of fullydepending on vegetal cover it establishes.

During high winds the finer, and commonly more fertile, particles are swept high in the air andare sometimes carried for great distances as dust storms; while coarser particles are rolled orswept along on or very near the soil surface to be piled into depressions. The process is highlydynamic and requires careful evaluation of the site and process.

1. Sheet ErosionIt implies uniform displacement of topsoil by wind action as thin layers / sheets. During windstorms, the dry finer soil particles which could be suspended into air will be transported longerdistances, while the heavier particles creeps on the surface and generally will be transportedto a shorter distances. It may seriously influence the infrastructures (roads. railway lines.buildings. waterways, etc.). The uneven displacement of soil material by wind action leads todeflation hollows and dunes. The lifted medium to coarse soil particles may reduce theproductivity of adjacent fertile land when they are deposited in the form of sand castings.

WASTELAND CLASSIFICATION

Culturable WastelandsLand which is capable or has the potential for the development of vegetative cover and is notbeing used due to different constraints of varying degrees is termed as culturable wastelands.Culturable wastelands comprise the following categories.i. Agricultural Land inside notified forest: Lands put under cultivation within the restrictedforest areas.ii. Degraded forest – Scrub domination: Lands as noticed under the Forest Act and those landswith various types of forest cover, in which vegetative cover is less than 20% are classified asdegraded forest land. Among the vegetative types scrubs and thorny bushes are dominatedspecies.iii. Degraded land under plantation crops: This includes degraded lands containing plantationsinside and outside of the notified forest area.


iv. Degraded pastures / grazing land: All those grazing land in non-forest areas, whether ornot they are permanent pastures or meadows, which have become degraded due to lack ofproper soil conservation and drainage measures fall under this category.v. Gullied / ravenous land: The gullies are formed as a result of localised surface run offaffecting the friable unconsolidated material resulting in the formation of perceptible channelsresulting in undulating terrain. The gullies are the first stage of excessive land dissectionfollowed by their networking which leads to the development of ravinous land. The world'ravine' is usually associated not with an isolated gully but a network of gullies formedgenerally in deep alluvium and entering nearby river flowing much lower than the surroundingtable lands. The ravines then are extensive systems of gullies developed along river courses.vi. Land with or without scrub: This is the land which is generally prone to degradation andmay or may not have scrub over. Such land occupies topographically high locations in therespective systems. This excludes hilly and mountainous terrain.vii. Water-logged and marsh: Surface water-logged land is that land where the water is nearthe surface and water stands for most of the year. Marsh is a land which permanently orperiodically inundated by water and is characterised by vegetation which includes grasses andreeds.viii. Salt Affected Lands (Saline / Alkaline): The salt affected land is generally characterised asthe land that has adverse effects on the growth of most of the plants due to the action orpresence of excess soluble salts or excess exchangeable sodium. The saline soils have more ofsoluble salts with electrical conductivity of more than 4 dSm-1. Alkali land has an exchangeablesodium percentage (ESP) of above 15 which is generally considered as the limit betweennormal and alkali soils. The predominant salts are carbonates and bicarbonates of sodium.ix. Sands: Sandy areas are those areas which have stabilized accumulation of sand, in situ ortransported, in tank / river bed, coastal, river line or inland areas.x. Mining / industrial waste lands: These are lands where large-scale mining operations bringabout the degradation of land and resultant mine dumps.

Un cultivable WastelandsLands which cannot be developed for cultivation of crop are defined as un cultivablewastelands. Un cultivable wastelands are divided into:

i. Permanent pastures and other grazing landsii. Land under miscellaneous trees and grooves

2.5. Land Use Pattern in Madhya Pradesh StateLand use statistics in general indicate the way in which the land area is put under various uses.Land as a scarce resource, is to be managed effectively to benefit the human race thatdepends on land for its livelihood. Therefore, the details on the land use pattern in MadhyaPradesh State as a whole and for the individual district are furnished in table 2.8 and 2.9,respectively. Graphically the land use pattern in Madhya Pradesh is shown below:


Figure 2..2 Land use classification of Madhya Pradesh

LAND USE CLASSIFICATION OF MADHYAPRADESH

28%

11%4%4%4%

49%

ForestsNot available for cultivationOther Uncultivated land excluding fallow landTotal Culturable waste landFallow landNet area sown

The land use pattern in the State is shown in Table below:Table 2.5 Land Utilization Pattern in Madhya Pradesh state year 2011-12

(Area in Lakh hectare)LAND USE CLASSIFICATION OF MADHYA PRADESH

Geographical area 307.959Forests 85.865

Not available for cultivation:-A. Land put to non-agricultural uses. 21.196B. Barren and unculturable land 13.407T O T A L 34.603Other Uncultivated land excluding fallow land.:-A. Permanent pastures & other grazing lands 13.212B. Land under misc. tree crops & groves. 00.214Total Culturable waste land. 10.556T O T A L 23.986Fallow Land :A. Current fallows. 5.391B. Old fallow. 5.103

T O T A L 10.495Cropped Area.A. Net area sown. 153.017

B. Area sown more than once. 75.452

C. Gross Cropped Area. 228.469

Cropping intensity in % 149.3Source:-Agricultural statistics Directorate of FW&AD From 2005-06 to 2013-14


i) Geographical AreaIt could be seen from table 2.8, that the total geographical area in the State is 30.7959 millionhectares. Among the districts, Chhindwara has the maximum geographical area of 11.85 lakhhectares and Bhopal has the minimum geographical area of 2.78 lakh hectares,

ii) ForestFurther indicates that the area under forest is around 85.87 lakh hectares accounting for 28percent of the geographical area. The district of Mandla has the maximum area under reserveforest 5.93 lakh hectares and Ujjain has the minimum area under reserve forest with 3149hectares only. Over years, the area under forest had increased very marginally by about 3000hectares. However, it is pointed out that for a natural / environmental balance to receive goodrains there must be 33 percent of the geographical area under forest cover. This indicates thataforestation must be taken up. Since, the scope for bringing more area under natural forestcover is almost an impossible proposition, the development efforts must be dovetailed forintensification of green cover in forest area as well as on hills and hillocks and planting treecrops in shrub-jungles, village wastelands and farms in almost all the districts in the State.

iii) Land not available for cultivationThe barren and uncultivable land & land put to non-agricultural uses is around 34.60 lakhhectares in 2011 - 12 as compared to that of 32.00 lakh hectares in 1999 - 2000. It could beseen that the area under this criteria is being increase over the period of 12-years could bewitnessed. This trend is not a good sign, even after having the several land developmentprogramme etc.

iv) Cultivable Waste LandTable 2.8 indicates that the area under cultivable wastelands was 10.55 lakhs hectares in 2011-12, while it was 10.24 lakh hectares in year of 1999-00. Thus, increase of about 0.42 lakhhectares could be observed during the period under question. Among the districts, themaximum area under culturable waste is found in Guna district, with 64879 hectares followedby Shivpuri (59360 ha), Panna (40884 ha) Sidhi (30113 ha) districts in that order.

vii) Net Area SownTable2.8, further exhibits the net sown area was 153.017 lakh hectares in year 2011-12. Thistrend shows marginally increase in Net Area .This might be the cause that some increase inlands put to agricultural uses, due to little better infrastructure in agriculture.

viii) Area Sown more than onceArea sown more than once had shown a little upward trend over the period considered (Table-2.8). This is a good sign for the improvement in agriculture practices. Infrastructure i.e.irrigation systems and extension reform are contribute for this improvement, but the speed of


improvement is little slow which required boosting by making realistic plan & policy as well asit’s strategically implementation in the state.

The cropping intensity for the State as a whole, as could be visualized from table 2.8, isshowing little improvement of 149.3 % (2011-12) but it is not sufficient as the ratio increasedin population of state.The district of Khargone has the maximum cropping intensity of 225.3%, Harda (190.7percent), Indore district 182.7 percent followed by Hoshangabad (177.0 percent) districts. andthe district of Bhind has minimum cropping intensity as 111.4 percent.with Rewa as(102.6%)

Table 2.6. District wise Land Use Classification in Madhya PradeshLAND USES CLASSICATION IN MADHYA PRADESH FOR THE YEAR 2011-2012

DISTRICT

FOREST

NOT AVAILABLEFOR CULTIVATION

OTHERUNCULTIVATEDLANDEXCLUDING FELLOWLAND

CULTIVABLEWASTE LAND

CULTIVABLEWASTELAND

FELLOWLAND

GEOGHRAPHICALAREA

TOTAL(4+6+8)

%SHARE

LANDUNDERNONAGRICULTURALUSES

BARRENAND

UNCULTIVABLELAND

PERMANENT

PASTURIZEDANDOTHER

GRAZINGLAND

LANDUNDER MISCTREECROPSANDGROVES(NONINCLUDED IN NETAREASHOWN )

IMMEDIATELY

AVAILABLE FORCULTIVATIONLAND

AVAILABLE FORCULTIVATIONAFTERSOMEIMPROVEMENTLAND

UNECONOMICAL

PATCHES LAND

OLDFELLOWLANDUPTO2 TO5YEARS

CURRENTFELLOW

LAND

JABALPUR 519.8 77.7 14.9 38.8 36.9 39.7 0.1 18.7 0.0 0.0 14.5 15.6

KATNI 493.1 97.1 19.7 38.0 36.9 40.0 0.0 36.8 0.0 0.0 22.1 25.5

BALAGHAT 924.5 505.0 54.6 48.3 9.5 30.9 0.7 29.4 0.0 0.0 14.6 10.6

CHHINDWARA

1184.9 476.3 40.2 50.3 20.0 53.6 0.0 39.0 0.0 0.0 27.5 18.6

SEONI 875.4 328.5 37.5 49.3 12.0 20.3 0.0 31.3 0.0 0.0 19.8 16.3

MANDLA 965.6 593.2 61.4 45.6 10.8 17.3 0.1 20.9 0.0 0.0 24.9 24.2

DINDORI 358.9 25.4 7.1 28.1 11.1 13.0 0.0 15.4 0.0 0.0 28.4 33.0

NARSINGHPUR

513.7 136.5 26.6 25.6 1.0 23.7 0.2 10.8 0.0 0.0 4.2 2.9

DIVISONTOTAL

3821.3 2239.7

38.4 323.9 138.2 238.5 1.2 202.3 0.0 0.0 156.1

146.8

SAGAR 1022.8 296.9 29.0 57.6 12.1 78.7 0.7 11.1 0.0 0.0 10.6 7.5

DAMOH 728.5 267.5 36.7 31.7 57.2 36.3 8.3 11.0 0.0 0.0 4.7 3.7

PANNA 702.9 299.6 42.6 41.4 22.8 11.1 0.0 40.9 0.0 0.0 7.0 1.0

TIKAMGARH

504.0 69.1 13.7 38.0 54.2 22.8 0.2 21.9 0.0 0.0 17.0 11.1

CHHATARPUR

863.0 213.9 24.8 45.0 1.7 64.5 0.5 56.5 0.0 0.0 30.1 22.3


DIVISIONTOTAL

3821.3 1147.0

30.0 213.7 148.0 213.4 1.6 141.4 0.0 0.0 70.0 45.5

REWA 628.7 85.4 13.6 62.0 32.6 26.9 0.2 7.3 0.0 0.0 1.6 1.2

SIDHI 471.9 195.1 41.3 37.7 3.8 5.3 0.0 30.1 0.0 0.0 12.7 17.9

SINGROLI 567.5 240.0 42.3 50.6 13.3 12.4 0.0 39.8 0.0 0.0 16.9 24.7

SATNA 742.4 203.7 27.4 70.6 14.7 22.3 3.2 44.8 0.0 0.0 17.2 17.1

DIVISIONTOTAL

2410.6 724.3 30.0 220.8 64.4 66.9 3.4 122.0 0.0 0.0 48.4 60.9

SHAHDOL 561.0 227.9 40.6 48.2 9.2 7.1 0.7 32.1 0.0 39.9 29.2 28.0

ANUPPUR 374.0 76.4 20.4 33.6 21.6 4.3 0.2 27.9 0.0 0.0 25.3 25.9

UMARIA 490.3 236.7 48.3 34.9 8.6 14.5 0.2 17.5 0.0 0.0 17.0 156.8

DIVISIONTOTAL

1425.9 541.0 37.9 116.7 39.5 26.0 1.0 77.5 0.0 0.0 71.6 210.7

BHOPAL 277.9 44.1 15.6 32.7 3.9 31.4 0.0 5.2 0.0 0.0 4.2 1.4

SEHORE 656.4 172.4 26.3 41.5 9.4 27.7 0.0 7.6 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.2

RAISEN 848.7 323.0 39.1 41.6 3.6 25.7 0.1 7.8 0.0 0.0 1.9 0.6

VIDISHA 730.2 109.6 15.0 39.1 11.8 23.0 2.6 9.8 0.0 0.0 2.9 1.4

RAJGARH 616.3 17.6 2.9 44.2 29.0 58.9 0.3 27.1 0.0 0.0 3.3 0.9

DIVISIONTOTAL

3129.5 675.7 21.6 199.1 57.7 166.7 3.0 57.4 0.0 0.0 14.1 4.6

INDORE 383.1 52.2 13.6 41.8 10.7 18.8 0.5 2.0 0.0 0.0 5.2 2.6

DHAR 819.5 119.7 14.6 56.7 75.8 47.3 0.0 14.6 0.0 0.0 2.8 1.9

JHABUA 293.1 11.0 3.8 32.1 35.0 4.9 0.0 18.4 0.0 0.0 8.0 1.7

ALIRAJPUR 382.7 121.1 31.7 26.2 47.7 3.3 0.0 7.0 0.0 0.0 2.6 2.3

KHARGONE 818.7 247.0 30.2 45.7 29.9 64.6 0.8 16.0 0.0 0.0 6.6 2.2

BARWANI 529.0 183.0 34.5 30.8 72.0 4.2 0.0 6.3 0.0 0.0 4.3 2.4

KHANDWA 775.6 305.3 39.4 90.5 8.2 4.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 4.3 2.4

BURHANPUR

342.7 201.9 58.9 15.4 6.3 10.8 0.0 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.8 0.8

DIVISIONTOTAL

4345.2 1241.3

28.6 339.2 285.6 205.3 1.4 65.9 0.0 0.0 37.9 17.3

UJJAIN 609.9 3.1 0.5 58.5 6.0 205.3 0.1 8.1 0.0 0.0 2.1 1.2

MANDSAUR

551.8 40.6 7.4 74.8 44.0 13.8 0.1 16.2 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.9

NEEMUCH 393.6 94.4 24.0 45.9 39.9 9.6 0.0 17.2 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.7

RATLAM 486.0 34.3 7.1 31.0 41.1 26.3 0.1 16.4 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.6

DEWAS 701.3 206.6 29.5 36.3 10.8 49.4 0.0 2.8 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.3

SHAJAPUR 616.6 6.2 1.0 54.8 39.7 47.3 0.1 12.6 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.4

AAGAR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

DN. TOTAL 3361.2 385.3 11.5 301.3 181.4 179.9 0.4 73.3 0.0 0.0 7.7 4.2

MORENA 501.7 51.4 10.3 40.7 88.9 18.9 0.0 21.8 0.0 0.0 5.5 3.5

SHEOPURKALA

666.7 292.9 43.9 39.0 85.1 37.1 0.0 38.9 0.0 0.0 4.3 3.6

BHIND 445.2 8.8 2.0 37.4 21.5 16.8 0.6 12.2 0.0 0.0 7.0 6.0

DN. TOTAL 1613.5 353.1 21.9 117.1 195.5 72.7 0.6 72.8 0.0 0.0 16.8 13.1

GWALIOR 456.4 111.0 24.3 33.8 48.8 13.9 0.1 23.9 0.0 0.0 12.3 5.3


SHIVPURI 995.4 330.1 33.2 60.9 38.1 26.1 3.9 59.4 0.0 0.0 18.5 12.9

GUNA 630.8 101.4 16.1 34.9 62.5 30.1 0.0 64.9 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.8

ASHOKNAGAR

467.4 52.9 11.3 30.2 37.9 12.2 0.0 20.9 0.0 0.0 2.5 1.5

DATIA 295.9 29.3 9.9 16.7 11.3 7.5 4.7 6.8 0.0 0.0 5.5 4.6

DN. TOTAL 2845.9 624.8 22.0 176.4 198.6 90.0 8.7 175.8 0.0 0.0 41.0 25.1

BETUL 1007.8 397.4 39.4 40.0 25.9 27.7 0.0 38.8 0.0 0.0 38.5 6.7

HOSHANGABAD

668.7 255.0 38.1 43.9 2.4 25.3 0.0 23.1 0.0 0.0 7.3 4.1

HARDA 330.6 104.9 31.7 20.7 3.5 8.9 0.1 5.3 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.1

DN. TOTAL 2007.1 757.3 37.7 111.4 31.8 61.8 0.1 67.1 0.0 0.0 46.8 10.9

NON-REPORTED

0.0 103.1 #DIVI/01

0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

TOTAL M.P. 30795.9 8586.5

27.9 2119.6

1340.7 1321.2 21.4 1055.6

0.0 0.0 510.3

539.1

Source :-Agricultural statistics Directorate of FW&AD From 2005-06 to 2013-14

Table 2.6 ( Continued). District wise Land Use Classification in Madhya PradeshLAND USES CLASSICATION IN MADHYA PRADESH FOR THE YEAR 2011-2012

Districts Net area sown Area sown morethan once

Grossed croppedarea

Cropping intensityin%

JABALPUR 277.7 123.2 400.9 144.4KATNI 196.7 71.8 268.5 136.5BALAGHAT 275.2 68.5 343.8 124.9CHHINDWARA 499.6 176.3 675.9 135.3SEONI 397.8 140.6 638.4 135.3MANDLA 228.6 98.0 326.6 142.9DINDORI 204.6 83.7 288.3 140.9NARSINGHPUR 308.8 115.7 424.5 137.5DIVISON TOTAL 2389.1 877.8 3266.9 136.7SAGAR 547.5 329.5 877.0 160.2DAMOH 316.1 134.1 450.1 142.4PANNA 278.7 120.2 398.9 143.1TIKAMGARH 269.8 164.8 434.6 131.1CHHATARPUR 428.6 160.8 589.4 137.5DIVISION TOTAL 1840.7 909.3 2750.0 149.4REWA 411.7 10.6 422.3 102.6SIDHI 169.2 63.6 232.7 137.5SINGROLI 169.8 58.7 228.5 134.6SATNA 348.8 143.5 492.3 141.1DIVISION TOTAL 1099.5 276.3 1375.8 125.1SHAHDOL 178.5 33.8 212.3 118.9ANUPPUR 159.3 41.6 200.9 118.9

UMARIA 4.2 34.1 38.3 921.9DIVISION TOTAL 342.0 109.5 451.5 132.0BHOPAL 155.0 86.8 241.7 156.0SEHORE 395.8 298.9 694.6 175.5RAISEN 435.4 198.6 634.0 145.6VIDISHA 530.1 258.3 788.4 148.7RAJGARH 434.9 310.8 745.6 171.5


DIVISION TOTAL 1951.1 1153.3 3104.4 159.1INDORE 249.3 206.1 455.4 182.7DHAR 500.6 268.1 769.7 153.7JHABUA 188.1 49.1 237.3 126.1ALIRAJPUR 172.4 30.4 202.8 117.7KHARGONE 403.6 5.5.7 909.2 225.3BARWANI 263.8 48.5 275.4 121.4KHANDWA 306.3 117.9 424.2 138.5BURHANPUR 104.0 17.1 121.2 116.5DIVISION TOTAL 2151.2 1244.0 3395.2 157.8UJJAIN 497.1 398.4 886.6 178.3MANDSAUR 360.3 230.5 590.8 164.0NEEMUCH 185.1 116.1 301.2 162.8RATLAM 335.0 204.3 539.3 161.0DEWAS 393.9 296.3 690.5 175.3SHAJAPUR 456.3 319.2 775.4 170.0AAGAR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0DN. TOTAL 2227.7 1556.1 3783.8 169.8MORENA 271.0 104.4 375.4 138.5SHEOPURKALA 165.8 74.8 240.6 145.1BHIND 335.1 38.2 373.3 111.4DN. TOTAL 771.9 217.4 989.3 128.2GWALIOR 207.3 58.0 265.3 128.0SHIVPURI 445.4 233.6 679.1 152.5GUNA 334.1 149.0 483.1 144.6ASHOKNAGAR 309.3 160.3 469.6 151.8DATIA 209.4 52.9 252.3 125.3DN. TOTAL 13.5.5 653.9 2159.4 143.4BETUL 426.0 141.8 567.8 133.3HOSHANGABAD 307.6 236.9 544.5 177.0HARDA 186.2 168.9 355.2 190.7DN. TOTAL 919.9 547.6 1467.5 159.5NON-REPORTED .-103.1 -103.1 100Total MP 18301.7 7545.2 22846.8 149.3

Source :-Agricultural statistics Directorate of FW&AD From 2005-06 to 2013-14

2.6 Operational HoldingsOperational holding often determines agricultural production and productivity. Theoperational holdings as per Agricultural census are furnished in table 2.10. The results ofsuccessive agricultural census confirm the growing imbalance and asymmetry in thedistribution of size of holdings. The number of marginal farmers in the State is 43.86 % of totalfarmers having proportion 8.54 % of total land, small farmers in the state is 27.00 % of totalfarmers having proportion 17.28% of total land, and semi medium farmers in the state is18.65% of total farmers having proportion 25.18% of total land. First two category of farmersis 71.46% having only 25.84% area of total land where as the farmers of last two categorynamely Medium and Large is only 9.89% of total farmers having proportion 49.10 area of totalland.


Table 2.7. Operational Holdings as per Agricultural Census (2010-11)

(Number in '000) (Area in '000 ha.)Operational Holdings as per Agricultural Census-2010-11 (Number in '000) Large Size Group

(Area in '000 ha.)

Operational holding SC / ST and others caste wise are listed below:

Table 2..8 (a) Operational Holdings in M.P. (Number & Area)Category S.C. S.T. Institutional Others Total %Marginal

Area 2.19 2.70 Neg. 9.08 13.97 8.53No. 4.42 5.43 0.01 18.52 28.38 38.56

SmallArea 3.66 5.99 0.01 18.63 28.29 17.28No. 2.59 4.13 Neg. 12.79 19.51 26.51

OthersArea 7.69 23.74 0.31 89.72 121.46 74.20No. 2.08 5.48 0.02 18.13 25.71 34.91

TOTALNo. 9.09 15.04 0.03 49.44 73.60(%) 12.35 20.44 0.04 67.17 100.00Area 13.54 32.43 0.32 117.43 163.72(%) 8.27 19.80 0.20 71.73 100.00

Source: Agriculture census 2000-01. No. in lakh. Area in lakh hectares

Size of HoldingsThe distribution of size of holdings in Madhya Pradesh is furnished in Table 2.11. It could beseen that the average size of marginal holdings had declined from 0.41 hectare in 1976-77 to0.37 hectare in 2000-01. However, there had been no marked differences in the size of small,semi-medium and medium holdings over years. The size of large holdings had increased from17.28 hectares in 1976-77 to 19.48 hectares in 2000-01. In sum, the average size of holdings inMadhya Pradesh State had decreased from 1.25 hectares in 1976-77 to 0.89 hectare in 2000-01.

Sl.No

Category No Area ProportionNumber wise

1. Marginal (below 1.0 Ha) 3891 1915 442. Small (1.0-2.0 Ha) 2449 3466 283. Semi-Medium (2.0 to 4.0 Ha) 1655 4510 194. Medium (4.0 to 10.0 Ha) 789 4545 85. Large (10.0 Ha and above) 89 140 1Total 8873 15896 100 %


District Marginal Small Semi medium Medium Large Total

(Below 1 hect.) (1 to 2 hects) (2 to 4 hects) (4 to 10 hects) (10 hects. & above Holdings

Number Area Number Area Number Area Number Area Number Area Number Area

Jabalpur 88600 44238 48666 70139 28948 79056 14306 82860 1867 28725 182387 305018

Katni 105160 47223 39671 55510 23156 64394 10050 57852 989 14406 179026 239385

Balaghat 158046 67906 53892 74744 29565 79393 11538 65776 1293 18548 254334 306367

Chhindwara 84178 40744 73640 106588 57054 157115 33394 195092 4605 64887 252871 564426

Seoni 72089 31404 50025 73158 38821 109411 26548 157617 4472 66092 191955 437682

Mandla 78460 35038 37853 54983 28105 78602 16380 95651 1794 24364 162592 288638

Dindori 44166 21342 24526 36877 22846 64731 18118 110414 2915 41109 112571 274473

Narsinghpur 43425 23991 42543 62447 28516 80339 17231 102016 2647 38707 134362 307500

Jabalpur div. 674124 311886 370816 534446 257011 713041 147565 867278 20582 296838 1470098 2723489

Sagar 99647 51373 72808 107249 48154 134822 28522 170119 5967 98333 255098 561896

Damoh 74574 36282 38212 54393 27302 76029 16069 96587 2861 47152 159018 310443

Panna 65602 32038 44841 62833 29733 81056 15238 88011 1631 22309 157045 286247

Tikamgarh 77594 39203 48782 68782 33503 90396 12380 68607 900 12776 173159 279764

Chhatarpur 83603 45578 75067 109488 48438 130863 24264 142064 3665 55937 235237 483930

Sagar divi. 401020 204474 279710 402745 187130 513166 96673 565388 15024 236507 979557 1922280

Rewa 136911 58901 48143 69192 35349 97950 20559 119244 5236 92141 246198 437428

Sidi 112058 52393 53528 87045 40719 111216 20207 118737 4482 73487 230994 442878

Satna 124621 53736 56227 80286 37391 103420 19250 111948 2673 40718 240162 390108

Shahdol 110293 46280 46972 66928 41753 115319 25007 147821 4371 63594 228396 439942

Annupur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Umaria 37346 16418 18635 25315 15221 40978 7779 44393 1046 14989 80027 142093

Rewa divi. 521229 227728 223505 328766 170433 468883 92802 542143 17808 284929 1025777 1852449

Indore 36865 18127 30202 44119 22565 63292 15296 91760 2789 42419 107717 259717

Dhar 52914 28991 51245 74965 45165 126989 31305 189663 6545 103091 187174 523699

Jhabua 63011 36049 57369 84983 44667 124175 19541 111149 1497 19534 186085 375890

Khargon 34464 19755 53955 79926 41431 114086 26632 160965 4788 68769 161270 443501

Badwani 21087 12517 26261 38278 26894 72326 14097 84804 2122 28853 90461 236778

Khandwa 33478 19554 55767 82621 44280 122514 29590 176805 5360 79432 168475 480926

Buranpur 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Indore divi. 241819 134993 274799 404892 225002 623382 136461 815146 23101 342098 901182 2320511

Ujjain 44920 25202 38183 54970 35926 102227 32626 202858 8720 138631 160375 523888

Mandsaur 60738 32023 42650 62397 33564 93875 21743 131663 2819 37910 161514 357868

Neemach 39120 20568 26571 37914 18582 52743 9394 57433 1052 15899 94719 184557

Ratlam 54967 29233 42335 60716 32805 91629 19716 117883 3236 47440 153059 346901

Dewas 37379 19122 41927 59653 33338 90913 26542 155203 6433 93124 145619 418015

Shajapur 64608 34822 48362 70346 37865 107980 30751 187814 6009 91400 187595 492362

Ujjain divi. 301732 160970 240028 345996 192080 539367 140772 852854 28269 424404 902881 2323591

Morena 92126 47653 42938 61644 28664 79107 11964 66740 1021 15685 176713 270829

Sheopur 27006 15384 28503 39666 18815 51266 7546 42843 613 8755 82483 157914

Bhind 79131 40183 41766 61387 34486 97388 20591 120486 2065 28490 178039 347934

Morena divi. 198263 103220 113207 162697 81965 227761 40101 230069 3699 52930 437235 776677

Gwalior 47831 23843 28434 40948 20335 56597 11363 66740 1867 30957 109830 219085

Shivpuri 61942 34336 53324 76158 41463 115190 22733 132723 3482 54796 182944 413203

Guna 73769 39993 68501 100131 58222 160759 34385 204467 7195 117083 242072 622433

Ashoknagar 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

Datia 41309 20749 25804 37522 21361 58273 12478 72269 1662 23940 102614 212753


Gwalior divi. 224851 118921 176063 254759 141381 390819 80959 476199 14206 226776 637460 1467474

Bhopal 15285 7718 18760 27146 14122 38081 9479 56642 1765 26104 59411 155691

Sehore 31989 17238 37805 56663 32404 88504 25727 157188 5451 89566 133376 409159

Raisen 32460 17796 47512 69669 35635 98207 27625 166169 5417 88145 148649 439986

Vidisha 32026 16089 34692 49011 32374 92284 30226 188401 11033 194271 140351 540056

Betul 58193 21643 41488 60384 42049 114831 29795 180058 6502 93121 178027 470037

Ragarged 70437 35718 52964 73863 40510 113887 29243 174692 4809 71325 197963 469485

Bhopal divi. 240390 116202 233221 336736 197094 545794 152095 923150 34977 562532 857777 2484414

Hoshangabad 30649 17161 32922 47157 26510 73480 18704 110764 3639 61120 112424 309682

Harda 3722 2185 6778 10202 9430 26010 10570 64797 4865 87547 35365 190741

Hoshangabaddivi.

34371 19346 39700 57359 35940 99490 29274 175561 8504 148667 147789 500423

State total :-2,837,799 1,397,740 1,951,049 2,828,3961,488,036 4,121,70

3

916,702 5,447,788166,170

2,575,6817,359,756

16,371,308

2.7. IrrigationTwo main rivers namely Narmada and Tapti in the Madhya Pradesh State flows westward fromthe Eastern Ghats and are perennial. Narmada is main river of state and called lifeline of thestate.2.7.2. Sources of IrrigationThe major irrigation sources of the State are canals, tanks, wells and tube wells. The per capitaavailability of water in the State is less than all – India level as 2200 cubic meters.

Table 2.10 Irrigation Potential crated and potential utilised by Large Medium &smallProjects; year wise indicated below

Year Large Medium Small Total %ofpotentialutilizesagainstpotentialcreated

Potentialcreated

Potentialutilizes

Potentialcreated

Potentialutilizes

Potentialcreated

Potentialutilizes

Potentialcreated

Potentialutilizes

2007-08 1554 578 401 179 844 192 2799 949 35.92008-09 1647 631 401 178 893 168 2949 977 36.42009-10 1681 572 408 147 922 168 3011 887 32.42010-11 1747 620 410 173 982 183 3039 976 35.02011-12 1846 1052 416 167 1016 416 3278 1635 55.7Source: Department of Water Resources, GoMP

Canal Irrigation in the state has increased about three folds in last seven years. In the year2003 the area under canal irrigation was 7.5 lakh ha which today stands at 25 lakh ha. Lining ofcanal has been undertaken extensively for optimum use of water. In the last three yearsadditional 11 lakh ha area has been covered under canal irrigation which is one of the recordachievement for the State Government.

Table 2.11. Source-wise Net Area Irrigated and Percentage to Total Irrigated Area. Unit-000’hect.


Year Canals Tanks Wells &tube-wells.

Othersources

Netirrigatedarea

Grossirrigatedarea.

% of netirrigated areato net areasown

% of grossirrigatedarea togross areasown

1999-2000 1002 132 3712 815 5661 5828 37.6 28.5

2000-01 808 85 2651 591 4135 4285 28.0 23.82001-02 881 93 3039 722 4735 4899 31.6 25.62002-03 748 94 2988 664 4494 4631 30.7 25.52003-04 949 127 3735 820 5631 5776 37.4 30.12004-05 1006 125 3993 918 6042 6193 40.1 30.52005-06 1030 134 3696 822 5682 5878 37.7 29.82006-07 1091 149 4196 929 6365 6543 42.9 32.42007-08 1051 138 4256 973 6418 6567 43.4 32.02011-12 1366 227 5485 1148 5640 8421 36.9 36.9Source :- Commissioner, Land Records, M.P

Similarly District wise net area irrigated and gross area irrigated using different sources ofirrigation are indicated in the table below:

Table 2.12 District wise details of Net Area Irrigated by different sources in Madhya Pradesh

NET IRRIGATED AREA BY DIFFERENT SOURCEWISE1- Madhya Pradesh 2011-12MADHAYAPRADESH

UNIT 'HECT.

DISTRICT CANALS TANKS TUBE WELLS WELLS OTHER SOURCES TOTAL IRRIGATEDAREA

JABALPUR 14424 140 87090 25605 21628 148887KATNI 6193 1335 13510 32843 34065 87946BALAGHAT 74904 29017 1067 23118 7793 185899CHHINDWARA 14210 4593 40398 109750 19305 188201SEONI 62789 9578 6230 44887 17927 141391MANDLA 21862 292 0 4679 2569 29422NARSINGHPUR 940 6 148032 43455 5914 195347JABALPUR DN. 195322 44955 296327 284337 109201 930153

Sagar 5999 5308 49224 140841 77647 279210

Damoh 12127 1254 26211 26107 38694 104903Panna 9696 2063 8526 23020 87122 130427Tikamgarh 20572 19308 20817 133812 48455 101064

Chhatarpur 13520 4231 13512 178472 27998 237733

Sagar divi. 61914 31164 118290 502252 240116 953736

Rewa 18814 611 47649 18412 17567 103053

Sidhi 9362 404 16648 10000 3960 40434


Singaroli 4868 570 993 14793 6913 28137

Satna 4665 902 94467 33052 15007 151093

Division Total 40709 2487 159757 76317 43447 322717

Shahdol 5068 2858 5285 5242 8650 27123

Annupur 639 199 1158 1794 983 4773

Umaria 2339 720 7921 5127 9713 25820

Dindori 974 22 0 205 738 1939

Division Total 9040 3799 14364 12368 20084 59655

Indore 3472 2229 156406 20469 3086 185662

Dhar 20163 16221 142840 84319 47898 311441

Jhabua 8834 10376 2576 15216 16200 53202

Alirajpur 1902 2895 413 12410 8761 26381

Khargone 22140 160 22838 67588 43869 156595

Badwani 6129 0 26355 41597 24619 98700

Khandwa 22741 3083 30117 97518 18940 172399

Burhanpur 565 0 15133 24734 2515 42947

Indore divi. 85946 34964 396678 363851 165888 1047327

Ujjain 8290 6083 187490 67977 31214 301054

Mandsaur 1827 1413 15995 173322 17279 209836

Neemach 10461 1334 22542 66507 6515 107359

Ratlam 4950 3000 81940 68025 21140 179145

Dewas 8260 7030 126583 99803 17220 258896

Shajapur 11431 6744 100487 122333 22296 263291

Ujjain divi. 45219 25694 535037 597967 115664 1319581

Morena 56512 0 47062 90356 909 194839

Sheopur 55564 1750 42666 6053 17070 123103

Bhind 29355 1274 44709 74253 753 150344

Morena divi. 141431 3024 134437 170662 18732 468286

Gwalior 64666 432 55275 7007 4619 131999

Shivpuri 46469 11373 66066 112837 19305 256050

Guna 32393 1470 72532 46399 24949 177743

Ashoknagar 13282 8761 71971 25398 35871 155283

Datia 110747 0 11280 60814 1285 184126

Gwalior divi. 267557 22036 277124 252455 86029 905201

Bhopal 4637 1993 34361 31650 24395 97036

Sehore 59903 24608 71469 98185 49308 303473

Raisen 76387 7653 112243 47678 40393 284354

Vidisha 34674 7052 77137 61996 126691 307550

Rajgarh 4594 9222 56070 201514 20150 291550

Bhopal divi. 180195 50528 351280 441023 260937 1283963

Betul 10520 124 31635 74223 10546 127048


Hoshangabad 142566 920 73043 57249 24273 298051

Harda 95252 206 19781 32070 23846 171155

Hoshangabad divi. 248338 1250 124459 163542 58665 596254

MP State total127567

121991

2 2407753 2864774 1118763 7886873

Source; Agriculture Statistics of Madhya Pradesh 2011-12 Commissioner Land Records & Settlements

2.8.AgricultureMajor Crops &Cropping PatternThe diverse agro climatic conditions and different soil types make it possible to cultivate arange of crops indifferent crop group in the state like, cereals, pulses, oilseed and cash cropsMajor crops cultivated in Madhya Pradesh are wheat ,rice, maize, and Jowar under cereals;gram and lentil under pulses and Soybean and mustard under oilseed Introduction of Soybeanin the state in the decade of 1970s and its cultivation in the State has made a mark as theleading soybean producer in the countryThe area, production and productivity of principal crops are furnished in Table 2.17. Theupward trend in area under paddy; 2010-11 it was 15.84 lacks hectare in 2011-12 17.03 Lacksha. ,the area under total food grains increased by 2.28 lack hectares in 2011-12 in comparisonto 2010-11, Crop wise declining trend observed in area of Jower & Bajara( marginal) Areaunder pulses crop have seen an downward trends as 4.51 lacks hectare in year of 2011-12, wecould see in the table that area under oilseed is increasing in the year of 2011-12 by 1.55 lackshectare area in the state.

Table 2.13 Area, Production, Productivity of Principal Crops Madhya PradeshArea in 000Ha, Production in 000 metric tonne, yield in kg /ha

CROPS2010-11 2011-12

AREA PROD. YIELD AREA PROD. YIELDPADDY(RICE) 1584 1774 1182 1703 2280 1413JOWAR 429 599 1416 361 547 1541MAIZE 849 1340 1590 860 1325 1551BAJRA 202. 387 1916 201 391 1941KODOKUTKI 248 82 329 247 82 331OTHER CEREALS 23 9 403 34 12 364Fv KHARIF CEREALS 3334 4191 1257 3396 4633 1364WHEAT 4645 8227 2073 5261 14544 2770BARLEY 77 99 1289 77 129 1672OTHER CEREALS 5 6 1146 5 6 1261RABI CEREALS 4727 9331 1975 5342 14679 2748Summer Maize 0 0 0 0 0 0TOTAL CEREALS 8060 13522 1678 8738 19312 2210Coarse cereal( K) 1750 2417 1381 1693 2363 1390Coarse cereal( R) 82 104 1279 82 134 1647Total Coarse cereal 1831 2522 1377 1774 2488 1402


TUR 642 206 318 536 338 628URAD 447 215 385 601 163 271MOONG 85 31 351 81 20 227KULTHI 20 7 328 19 5 238OTHER PULSES 4 1 326 4 1 326KHARIF PULSES 1309 459 351 1241 527 425GRAM 2888 2266 785 2630 2846 1083PEAS 248 67 269 232 82 354LENTIL 699 202 289 587 216 367TEORA 53 30 569 53 41 759OTHER PULSES 0 0 250 0 0 246RABI PULSES 4 2 449 8 2 345TOTAL PULSE(R ) 3893 2567 659 3509 3185 908Urid ( Summer ) 6 2 388 7 2 294Moong (Summer) 4 1 225 4 1 249Summer pulses total 9 3 309 11 3 276Total Pulses 5211 3029 581 4760 3715 780KHARIF. FOODGRAINS 4642 4650 1002 4637 5160 1113RABI FOODGRAINS 8620 11898 1380 8851 17864 2018Summer foodgrains 9 3 309 11 3 276TOTAL FOODGRAINS 13271 16551 1247 13499 23027 1706GROUNDNUT 204 305 1494 226 374 1659SOYBEAN 5552 6777 1222 5786 6497 1124SESAMUM 361 178 493 329 172 524NIGER 93 20 218 90 17 181CASTOR 1 0 395 2 1 287SUNFLOWER 0 0 438 0 0 509KH. OILSEEDS 6210 7281 1172 6432 7060 1098RAPE/MUSTARD 727 819 1128 664 790 1192LINSEED 95 33 553 91 47 516SUNFLOWER Rabi 0 0 483 0 0 450Safflower 0 0 223 0 0 210RABI OILSEEDS 822 853 1037 755 837 1108Summer G.nut 0 0 0 01 0TOTAL OILSEEDS 7032 8134 1157 7187 7897 1099COTTON (BALES) 593 1018 926 624 1029 976

IN TONNES 599 605SUGAR CANE (G) 48 197 4069 50 197 3971

TOTAL KHARIF 11446 12530 1095 11693 12826 1097TOTAL RABI 9490 12947 1364 9656 18898 1957Summer crops 9 3 309 11 3 276Grand TOTAL 20945 25480 1216 21359 31727 1485FFC :- FINAL FORECASTSource;-Agricultural Statistics Kharif & Rabi crops FW&AG GoMP


District wise area (in thousand hectares), production (in thousand tonnes) and yield (inkilograms per hectare) for cereals for the year 2011 - 12, 2012 – 13, & 2013 – 14are shown inthe table below:

Table 2.14 District wise, Year wise Area, Prod. And yield under the Cereals (Total) inMadhya Pradesh

Area in 000Ha, Production in 000 metric tonne, yield in kg /haDistrict 2011 – 12,

Area Prod YieldJabalpur 191.40 349.40 1825Katni 184.30 324.20 1759Balaghat 287.60 377.80 1314Chhindwara 322.80 894.00 2770Seoni 273.30 442.20 1618Mandla 214.00 217.60 1017Dindori 166.50 133.00 799Narsinghpur 93.10 205.30 2205Division Total 1733.00 2943.50 1698

Sagar 210.20 366.40 1743Damoh 166.40 226.40 1361Panna 147.90 223.90 1514Tikamgarh 168.80 414.30 2454Chattarpur 204.80 449.10 2193Division Total 898.10 1680.10 1871Rewa 291.90 458.80 1572Sidhi 163.60 191.00 1167Singroli 155.30 136.40 878Satna 250.90 478.90 1909Division Total 861.70 1265.10 1468Shahdol 158.10 255.60 1617Anupur 138.30 132.20 956Umaria 92.60 105.30 1139Division total 389.00 493.30 1268Indore 117.80 506.60 4385Dhar 234.00 507.60 2169Jhabua 114.40 131.90 1153Khargone 154.20 345.70 2242Barwani 125.60 345.00 2747

Khandwa 122.70 271.40 2212

Burhanpur 29.30 62.80 2143Alirajpur 92.92 93.40 1005


Division Total 990.90 2274.40 2295Ujjain 158.40 409.70 2586Mandsaur 122.40 408.00 3333Neemuch 73.70 178.60 2423Ratlam 147.50 295.70 2005Dewas 166.00 500.80 3017Shajapur 166.70 390.30 2341Aagar 0.00 0.00 0Division total 834.70 2183.10 2615Murena 205.10 655.00 3194Sheopur Kalan 113.50 428.00 3771Bhind 144.60 396.10 2739Division Total 463.20 1479.10 3193Gwalior 158.10 532.60 3369Shivpuri 240.60 597.50 2483Guna 130.70 359.90 2754Ashoknagar 132.40 303.00 2289Datia 148.60 367.80 2475Division Total 810.40 2160.80 2666Bhopal 80.40 212.30 2641Sehore 248.00 678.40 2735Raisen 255.10 712.70 2794

Vidisha 248.10 477.20 1923

Rajgarh 207.30 387.00 1870Division Total 1038.90 2468.20 2376

Hosangabad 278.00 1239.00 4457Harda 152.20 696.80 4578Betul 229.60 387.00 1684Division total 660.00 2322.80 3519Non Reported 58.20 41.70 716MP State 8738.10 19312.10 2210

Source : Department of Agriculture, GoMP ( Area in Thousand Hectare, Production inThousand Tonnes and Productivity in Kg/Hectare)

Table no 2.15 Area. Production and productivity of Paddy & Wheat ( Major Cereals) inMadhya Pradesh

Area in 000 ha Production in 000 tonnes productivity in kg per ha

Year Paddy (Rice) WheatArea Production Productivity Area Production Productivity

2008-09 1716.80 1578.00 969 4009.80 7279.60 18952009-10 1603.30 1362.50 896 4471.10 8872.70 20712010-11 1583.70 1773.50 1182 4645.20 8227.20 2073


2011-12 1703.40 2279.90 1413 5260.50 14544.40 2770( Source Agriculture Statistics Govt of MP FW&AD )Paddy Production;- Balaghat district also tops the list of paddy production in the state. It isfollowed by Seoni, Shahdol, Rewa and Mandla. The average productivity of paddy hasincreased. In the last five years the productivity of paddy has increased from 969 (2008-09) to2789 (2013-14(FFC) Kg per ha showing a impressive trend..

Wheat production;-The State has become the third largest wheat producing state in country.Madhya Pradesh contributes 17.5% of the total wheat produced in the country. Sarbati andDuram wheat has given an international identity to Madhya Pradesh. Hoshangabad andChhindwara are the major cereal producing districts in the state with around 6.5 % share in thestate production. Other key districts with better production of cereals are Morena, Sagar,Sehore, Dhar, Harda, Raisen and Betul.. Wheat production in the state is concentrated in thedistricts of Hoshangabad, Chhindwara, Sehore, Harda and Raisen. Hoshangabad is the leadingwheat producing district with 1.18 million tonnes of wheat produced in 2011-12 &1.02 milliontonne in 2012-13.Maximum production of maize is found in Chhindwara district and other keymaize producing districts are Ratlam, Betul, Dhar and Jhabua.

Total foodgrain production in the state has nearly double in the last four years ( 2007-12).about 11%of the total food grains production came from Madhya Pradesh. With increasingagricultural production it has become the third largest foodgrain producer after UP and Punjabwith 7 % share.

Pulses Production:- ;- Madhya Pradesh is the largest pulse producing state in India accountingfor 28.65% of the country’s total pulse production .Among the pulses Gram tuar urid MoongMasur are major crops. The Tuar (Arhar) area is showing increasing trend from 310.10thousand ha.(2008-09) to 464.04 thousand ha.(2013-14 FFC)

Table2.16 District wise area , production and yield for Total Pulses(Kharif Rabi) crops for theyear 2011 – 12,is shown in the table below:

Area in 000 ha Production in 000 tonnes productivity in kg per ha

District 2011 – 12,Area Prod Yield

Jabalpur 173.10 127.90 739Katni 66.10 28.10 739Balaghat 32.80 21.90 668Chhindwara 92.70 154.00 1661Seoni 113.80 61.20 538Mandla 71.80 22.20 309Dindori 67.10 13.60 188Narsinghpur 215.30 210.10 976DivisionTotal

832.60 638.00 766


Sagar 287.60 208.40 725Damoh 220.00 165.80 754Panna 178.80 119.70 669Tikamgarh 123.60 42.10 341Chattarpur 195.20 149.60 766DivisionTotal

1005.20 685.60 682

Rewa 149.60 94.90 635Sidhi 40.00 21.90 447Singroli 42.90 21.80 508Satna 159.90 63.50 397DivisionTotal

401.30 202.10 504

Shahdol 22.10 7.70 348.Anupur 33.80 10.70 317Umaria 28.80 9.20 319Bivisiontotal

84.70 27.60 326

Indore 69.30 76.00 1282

Dhar 110.90 99.10 894Jhabua 27.20 12.30 463Khargone 35.90 12.70 364Barwani 25.00 6.70 268Khandwa 32.30 21.30 659Burhanpur 8.30 7.30 880Alirajpur 74.60 25.90 347DivisionTotal

373.50 261.60 700

Ujjain 201.50 152.50 757Mandsaur 55.70 37.10 666Nemuch 18.50 15.90 859Ratlam 84.20 53.40 634Dewas 124.60 134.60 1080Shajapur 156.70 120.40 768Aagar 0.00 .00 .00Divisiontotal

641.20 513.90 801

Murena 22.20 14.10 635SheopurKalan

13.30 13.40 1008

Bhind 32.30 26.20 611DivisionTotal

67.80 53.70 792

Gwalior 22.60 26.00 1150


Shivpuri 81.50 75.80 930Guna 80.00 91.70 1140Ashoknagar 211.80 198.60 938Datia 44.30 34.20 772DivisionTotal

440.20 426.30 968

Bhopal 39.80 55.80 1402Sehore 119.80 129.40 1080Raisen 192.30 189.50 985Vidisha 287.20 244.80 852Rajgarh 124.10 127.50 1027DivisionTotal

763.20 747.00 979

Hosangabad 32.10 42.30 1318Harda 19.00 31.70 1668Betul 82.60 74.50 902Divisiontotal

133.70 148.50 1111

NonReported

17.00 10.00 641

MP State 4760.40 3715.20 780

Pulses ProductionChhindwara & Vidisha tops the list of pulses production in the state, besides, Narsinghpur,Sagar and Raisen which also fare well. Ashoknagar, Damoh, Dewas and Ujjain are the otherdistricts with relatively good production of pulses. In pulses, gram is the major crop grown inthe state. Vidisha, Raisen, Ujjain, Dewas and Sagar are the major gram producing districts inthe state. Moong, Urad, Massor, Gram, Arhar and Kabuli Chana have given a distinct identityto the state. Madhya Pradesh is also the largest exporter of Dollar Gram. Madhya Pradesh isthe largest pulse producing state in the.

Table 2.17 MP State Area Production & yield of Pulses ( Total)Area in 000 ha Production in 000 tonnes productivity in kg per ha

Year Madhya PradeshArea Production Productivity

2007-08 4404 2674 6072008-09 4637 3711 8002009-10 4797 4135 8622010-11 5211 3029 5812011-12 4760 3715 780Source : Department of Agriculture, GoMPOil seeds Production ;-Soybean. ,Niger, Mustard, Groundnut Sesamum, Linseed are the majoroilseeds crop grown in Madhya Pradesh. District wise area (in thousand hectares), production


(in thousand tonnes) and yield (in kilograms per hectare) for Total Pulses(Kharif Rabi) crops forthe year 2011 – 12, shown in the table below:.

Table 2.18 District wise Area Production & yield of Oilseed (Total)Area in 000 ha Production in 000 tonnes productivity in kg per ha

District 2011-12Area Prod Yield

Jabalpur 18.30 12.40 678Katni 11.50 4.00 348Balaghat 20.20 15.80 782Chhindwara 185.00 331.30 1791Seoni 143.90 134.40 934Mandla 33.60 20.00 696Dindori 54.80 20.10 369Narsinghpur 76.40 124.00 1623DivisionTotal

543.30 662.00 1218

Sagar 323.10 320.20 991Damoh 55.10 69.20 1256Panna 49.80 33.20 667Tikamgarh 117.70 84.70 720Chattarpur 169.90 66.80 393DivisionTotal

715.60 574.10 802

Rewa 54.10 24.30 449Sidhi 18.40 11.20 609Singroli 26.90 14.30 532Satna 64.90 30.90 476DivisionTotal

164.30 80.70 491

Shahdol 18.40 6.90 375Anupur 18.10 7.00 387Umaria 26.10 8.20 314Division total 62.60 22.10 353Indore 226.80 263.50 1162Dhar 281.30 367.20 1305Jhabua 56.20 41.40 737Khargone 50.20 35.50 707Barwani 46.60 26.20 562Khandwa 174.20 97.80 561Burhanpur 16.10 9.30 578Alirajpur 26.50 23.30 879DivisionTotal

877.90 864.20 984


Ujjain 458.90 635.50 1385Mandsaur 306.60 417.50 1362Nemuch 144.30 126.80 879Ratlam 223.60 284.40 1285Dewas 325.20 421.10 1295Shajapur 363.70 403.80 1110Aagar 0.00 0.00 0Division total 1822.30 2292.10 1258Murena 138.90 234.20 1686SheopurKalan

103.90 111.40 1072

Bhind 182.40 207.60 1138DivisionTotal

425.20 553.20 1301

Gwalior 74.50 88.9 1193Shivpuri 323.30 403.30 1247Guna 217.60 303.70 1396Ashoknagar 113.40 133.80 1180Datia 56.50 44.90 795DivisionTotal

785.30 974.60 1241

Bhopal 108.30 129.60 1197Sehore 290.70 359.20 1236Raisen 176.00 128.20 728Vidisha 243.50 292.20 1200Rajgarh 318.50 273.70 859DivisionTotal

1137.00 1182.90 1040

Hosangabad 221.20 141.90 642Harda 180.50 258.70 1433Betul 232.70 275.90 1186Division total 634.40 676.50 1066NonReported

19.50 14.80 759

MP State 7187.40 7897.20 1099

Source Agriculture Statistics Kharif & Rabi crops District wise Area Production& yieldFW&AD GoMPOilseeds Production {Kharif);- Among the main Kharif oilseed crops grown in MP soybean ismain year wise details as follows

Table 2.19 Soybean Area Production & Productivity 2009-10 to 2011-12Area in 000 ha Production in 000 tonnes productivity in kg per ha

Year Soybean


Area Production Yield2009-10 5453.70 6427.90 11802010-11 5552.20 6776.80 12222011-12 5786.30 6497.10 1124Source Agriculture Statistics Kharif & Rabi crops District wise Area Production& yield FW&ADGoMP

District wise Oilseed production of Soybean is highest in Ujjain and Sehore districts, whileother districts are Shajapur, Dhar and Dewas. Soyabean is the key constituent of the oilseedgroup. Ujjain tops the list of soybean production in the state. Other soybean producingsoybean producing districts in the state are Sehore, Dewas, Dhar and Shajapur.

Oilseeds Production (Rabi);- In Rabi season the major oilseed crops are mustard and linseedgrown in Madhya Pradesh. In oilseed production Mustard crop of Madhya Pradesh is alsohaving good place on all India basis

Table no;-2.20 Mustard Area (thousand ha,) Production (in 000 Tonnes) and yield inkg/hectare Madhya Pradesh

Year MustardArea Production Yield

2009-10

769.90 805.20 1047

2010-11

726.90 819.00 1128

2011-12

663.60 790.00 1192

Source Deptt of Agri GoMPRape seed & Mustard are grown in areas of Morena, Bhind,Sheopurkalan disticts whre as it isalso grown with good yield in tribal areas of Seoni Mandla Dindori District Other CropsSugrcane:- The highest sugarcane production is found in Narsinghpur district followed byChhindwara.Cotton:- Cotton is cultivated in Nimar Plains agro-climatic zones of the Madhya Pradesh Thiszone contributes nearly total cotton area & total production of MP having productivityaverage of 531 kg lint per ha which is slightly lower than National average (552 kg lint perha)(2013-14)West Nimar is the highest cotton producing district with a share of 34.8% in the cotton area ofstate. Other important districts as far as cotton production is concerned are Chhindwara andDhar.

Area production and yields of all types of crops,;- District wise, division wise, year wise, areaproduction and yields of all types of crops, taken together is indicated in the table below forthe years 2011 - 12,.


Table 2.21 (e) District wise, Year wise Area, Prod. And yield under all crops in MadhyaPradesh

{DISTRICTWISE AREA, PRODUCTION & YIELD OF FOOD GRAINS TOTAL

2011-2012DISTRICT AREA PROD. YIELDJABALPUR 364.50 477.30 1309KATNI 250.40 352.30 1407BALAGHAT 320.40 399.70 1248CHHINDWARA 415.50 1048.00 2522SEONI 387.10 503.40 1300MANDLA 285.80 239.80 839DINDORI 233.50 145.60 624NARSINGHPUR 308.40 415.40 1347DIVISON TOTAL 2565.60 3581.50 1396SAGAR 497.80 574.80 1155DAMOH 386.40 392.20 1015PANNA 326.70 343.60 1052TIKAMGARH 292.40 456.40 1561CHHATARPUR 400.00 598.70 1497DIVISION TOTAL 1903.30 2365.70 1243REWA 441.40 553.70 1254SIDHI 212.60 212.90 1001SINGROLI 158.20 158.20 798SATNA 410.80 542.40 1320DIVISION TOTAL 1263.00 1467.20 1162SHAHDOL 180.20 263.30 1461ANUPPUR 172.10 142.90 830UMARIA 121.40 114.70 945DIVISION TOTAL 473.70 520.90 1100INDORE 177.10 592.60 3346DHAR 344.90 606.70 1759JHABUA 141.60 144.50 1020KHARGONE 190.10 358.40 1885BARWANI 150.60 351.70 2335KHANDWA 155.00 292.70 1888BURHANPUR 37.60 70.10 1864ALIRAJPUR 167.50 119.30 712DIVISION TOTAL 1364.40 2536.00 1859UJJAIN 359.90 562.20 1562MANDSAUR 178.10 445.10 2499


NEEMUCH 92.20 194.50 2110RATLAM 231.70 349.10 1507DEWAS 290.60 635.40 2187SHAJAPUR 323.40 510.70 1579AAGAR 0.00 0.00 0DIVISION TOTAL 1475.90 2697.00 1827MORENA 227.30 669.10 2944SHEOPUR KALAN 126.80 441.40 3481BHIND 176.90 422.30 2387DIVISION TOTAL 531.00 1532.80 2887GWALIOR 180.70 558.60 3091SHIVPURI 322.10 673.30 2090GUNA 210.70 451.60 2143ASHOKNAGAR 344.20 501.60 1457DATIA 192.90 402.00 2084DIVISION TOTAL 1250.60 2587.10 2069BHOPAL 120.20 268.10 2230SEHORE 367.80 807.80 2196RAISEN 447.40 902.20 2017VIDISHA 535.30 722.00 1349RAJGARH 331.40 515.10 1554DIVISION TOTAL 1802.10 3215.20 1784HOSHANGABAD 310.10 1281.30 4132HARDA 171.20 728.50 4255BETUL 312.40 461.50 1477DIVISON TOTAL 793.70 2471.30 3114NON-REPORTED 75.20 52.60 699M.P. STATE 13498.50 23027.30 1706

Nationally, Madhya Pradesh is the highest producer of pulses and oilseeds with around 30 %share. The state is also a major producer of linseed, mustard, sunflower, safflower and niger.The crops with high production during past ten years are wheat, Arhar(tur), gram, soybean andmustard. Productivity of major crops in the state has also improved remarkably over theperiod 2001-02 to 2011-12. The productivity of rice, wheat, soybean, groundnut, mustard andcotton are showing impressive trends over the years. Average productivity of crops hasincreased. In the last eight years, The productivity of food grains (Total) has increased from1064 kg per hectare(2007-2008) to 1706 kg/ha in 2011-12 and 1689 kg/ha in 2013-14(FFC)

2.9. HorticultureHorticulture would provide additional employment opportunities and additional income to thefarm families. The State is endowed with agro-climatic conditions conducive for growing a


wide range of horticulture crops such as fruits, vegetables, spices crops, and flowers, medicinaland aromatic plants. The area and yield of major horticultural crops remained stagnant duringthe periods 2001-2002 to 2007-2008. But from 2007-08, when awareness about both cropsand eating habits of the people changed, this sector has been witnessing an upward trend,from 402851 ha in area in 2001 -2002 to 1425142 ha. in 2012 – 13; similarly the productiongrew from 34.64 lakh tonnes(2001-2002) to 227.08 lakh tonnes in the same period (2012 – 13).The production of vegetables registered an increase from 184950 of 2004-05to 502525.tonnsin the year2011-12 similarly, the production of spices increased from 265811(2004-05) to2808108 tonnes in the year 2011-12, and flower production from 0.01 lakh tonne in the yearof 2004-05 to 1.51 lakh tonne in year 2011-12. The production is having positive trend.The details of area and production of core groups in horticultural crops are furnished in Table2.19.

Table 2.22 Area of Production of Horticultural Crops in Madhya PradeshYEAR FRUITS VEGETABLES SPICES FLOWERS MEDICINAL AND

AROMATICGRAND TOTAL

AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD. AREA PROD.

2009-10(D)

112380 2864000 248380 3242000 319350 418910 6590 5000 29085 174000 715785 6703910

2010-11(D)

132380 3373434 283680 3698640 365850 482176 7660 6000 33585 201510 823155 7761760

2011-12 (D)

164945 3762009 502525 11644137 468359 2808108 15613 150649 43596 105039 1195038 18469942

Source:_ Department of Horticulture GoMP (D)

The main fruits grown in Madhya Pradesh are mango, guava, banana, citrus fruits and melons.The production of mango and guava is high and these fruits also have a large processingpotential for the tinned and pulp productsMango has been traditionally grown in Madhya Pradesh, in both forests and in individualfarms.The area (in hectare), production (in Tonnes) and productivity (in Tonnes per hectare) for fruitcrops; are indicated in the table below:

Table 2.23 Area, Production & Productivity of Fruit Crops In Madhya Pradesh. Year 2011-12

YEAR 2011-12

CROP Area Production Productivity

MANGO 18332 1.75 9.55


GUVAVA;’ 16450 2.55 15.50

BANANA 24783 13.79 55.64

ORANGE 44197 6.48 14.66

LIME 9546 1.30 13.62

SWEET LIME 1435 0.17 11.85

GRAPES 61 0.002 3.28

PAPAYA 10186 2.74 26.90

OTHER FRUITS 38874 7.25 18.65

TOTAL FRUITS 163864 36.032 21.99

Vegetables

POTATO 87975 18.17 20.64

ONION 89955 21.77 24.20

TOMATO 55311 13.50 24.41

BRINJAL 30747 5.33 17.34

CABBAGE 19033 3.76 19.76

CAULIFLOWER 30434 4.77 15.67

OKRA 23582 3.10 13.14

PEAS 47302 4.52 9.56

SWEETPOTATO

2180 0.24 11.01

OTHERVEGETABLE

117880 25.75 21.84

TOTALVEGETABLE

504409 100.91 20.01

SPICS

GINGER 14399 2.66 18.47

RED CHILLIS 116479 2.69 2.31

GREENCHILLIES

3.68 3.16

TURMERIC 4371 0.92 21.05

GARLIC 94945 11.50 12.11

CORINDER 184527 4.89 2.65

OTHER SPICES 53983 2.57 4.76


TOTAL SPICES 468704 28.91 6.17

FLOWER 15613 1.51 9.67

MEDICINAL&AROMATICPLANTS

43594 1.05 2.41

GRAND TOTAL 1196184 168.41 14.08

Detail observations indicates that the districts that are contributing to cultivation ofhorticulture crops in the state, shows that it is the Malwa region where horticulture hasflourished to a great extent and the seven districts, namely, Ratlam, Mandsaur, Guna, Rajgarh,Shajapur, Jabalpur and Chhindwara have comparatively higher share of area as a proportion tothe state level area under horticulture crops . The other nine districts with comparatively fairshare of area under horticulture crops include, Neemuch, Ujjain, Dhar, Indore, Barwani, WestNimar, East Nimar, Sagar and Chhatarpur. Further the growth in Horticulture sector noticed inArea expansion of crops like Mango crop area increase from 7098 ha (Maximum during 2002-07) to 18332 ha in the year 2011-12 Orange crop area increase from 16235 ha (Maximumduring 2002-07) to 44197 ha in the year 2011-12 Banana, area increase from 7588 ha (2006-07) to 24783 ha in the year 2011-12 Increase in Productivity.The productivity of the Mango crops remain stagnant 9.00 tonne per ha. during 2002-07andincrease to 9.55 tonne per ha during the period 2011-12The productivity of the Guava crops remain stagnant 20 tonne per ha. during 2002-07andincrease to 15.50 tonne per ha during the period 2011-12The productivity of the lime crops remain stagnant 16 tonne per ha. during 2002-07and furtherdecrease to 13.62 tonne per ha during the period 2012-13.The productivity of the Banana crops remains stagnant 40 to 64.36. tonne per ha. during 2002-07and increase to 55.64 tonne per ha during the period 2012-13.The productivity of the Papaya crops remains stagnant 27 to 49. tonne per ha. during 2002-07and it has marginal increase to 26.90 tonne per ha during the period 2011-12.Vegetable;Among vegetables, potato, onion, tomato and green peas are the major crops in terms of area.Vegetable cultivation is one of the fast growing activities in the state due to higher demand inurban and semi-urban areas and also due to diversity in number of crops. Some of thevegetable crops have distinct identity i.e. potato produced in the Malwa region has gained agood reputation for production of potato chips.Spices;-The major spices grown in Madhya Pradesh are Chillies, Coriander, Turmeric, Ginger, andGarlic. In almost all the spices there is an upward trend in production, and productivity.


Horticulture Training Centers in M.P. Horticulture Training Centers in M.P. : The department isrunning four training centres, at, Pachmari, Rehli (Sagar district), Govindgarh (Rewa district)and Indore. While the centre at Pachmari is for training officers, the other three centres are fortraining gardners.

1 PACHMARHI - OFFICERS TRAINING

2 REHLI (SAGAR) MALI TRAINING

3 GOVINDGARH (REWA) - MALI TRAINING

4 INDORE - MALI TRAINING

Horticulture Nurseries in M.P. Horticulture Nurseries in Madhya Pradesh: To promote andencourage horticultural crop growth in the state, the department is running 307 nurseries andfarms; that includes; 253 nurseries; 45 station gardens and 9 vegetable seed farms.

1 NURSERIES 253

2 STATION GARDEN 45

3 VEGETABLE SEED FARM 9

TOTAL NURSERIES & FARMS 307

Food Preservation Training Centres A Food Preservation Training Centre is also being run atIndore, where food processing trainings for making Jam, Jelly and pickles etc. are imparted.The centre also provide class/campus trainings, which is need based

2.10. Agricultural EngineeringThe mechanization ensures reduction of drudgery associated with various farm operations asalso to economize the utilization of inputs and thereby harnessing the potential of availableresources. The priorities for mechanization are decided aASDs per the actual requirement ofvarious agro-climatic zones and involve land preparation equipment and crop productiontechniques for cereal crops, cash crops, oil seeds, pulses, horticultural crops, etc.The constraints in the promotion of mechanization include the varied requirement ofequipments for each agro-climate zone, the small and fragmented land holding, lowinvestment capacity of the farmers, inadequate irrigation facilities, know how status of thefarmers, repairs and maintenance facilities, etc.However, there has been an upwards trend in adapting to various mechanized devices inagriculture, as is evident from the table below. The uses of tractors have increased from186404 to 284532, i.e. almost doubled. Similarly erratic supply and shortage of electricity hasproved to be a boon for the increased use of diesel pumps, again increasing from 194662 in1999 – 2000 to 15,50,000 in 2013 -14. In case of sugarcane crushing farmers are shifting from


bullock driven to power driven crushers. It is only the ploughs, where people still preferwooden ploughs and iron ploughs are not encouraged.

Table 2.24 : Use of Mechanized devices for agricultural practises2011-12

YEAR PUMPS TRACTORS SUGARCANECRUSHERS

PLOUGHS

ELECTRIC

(Number)

DIESEL

(number)

POWERDRIVEN(OOO)

BULLOCKDRIVEN(ooo)

WOODEN IRON

( ' 000 ) ( ' 000)

2011-12 1698110 372478 337102 1126.2 11.1 2850 693

Source;-Agricultural Statistics of Madhya Pradesh 2011-12 Commissioner Land Record&Settlement MP.

2.11. Animal Husbandry and DairyThe Animal Husbandry and Dairy sectors play a significant role in supplementing familyincomes and generating gainful employment in the rural sector, particularly among thelandless labourers, small and marginal farmers and women, besides providing cheapnutritional food to millions of people. Livestock are the best insurance against the vagaries ofnature like drought, famine and other natural calamities. Animal Husbandry activitiescontribute significantly to GSDP and have tremendous scope for further expansion to serve assustainable source of income for rural population.Under the Animal Husbandry sector the infrastructure is developed as follows

Table2.25 Institutions for Veterinary Health Services in Madhya PradeshSr no Name of Institution Number1 State Level Veterinary Hospital 12 Veterinary Hospitals 7953 Animal Dispensary 16664 Chal (Mobil ) veterinary units 385 Chal Virujalaya 276 Disease investigating Laboratoris 227 Foot & Mouth Disease Iinvestigating units 18 Animal Heath &Jaivik utapad Sansthan 19 Semen Sansthan 110 Up sanchalak Matha Mahamari ( State Level) 111 Pasu Janch Chaoki 1912 Anugami Units 1013 Vigilance units 714 Saghan Tikakaran ekai (Intensive tikakarn Units) 715 Rog Shaman Dal (Disease investigation Units) 216 Animal Quarantine Station 117 Frozen Bull Semen Station 118 Frozen Semen Bank 5


19 Mukhya Gram Yojona 3820 Mukhya Gram Ekai (Units) 38021 NIyantrit Pasu Prajanan Karyakram (Regulated Animal Breeding Programme) 422 NIyantrit Pasu Prajanan upkendra (Regulated Animal Breeding sub units) 12523 Artificial Insemination centre State pattern 1624 State Pattern Kritim Raten Kendra 14125 Gahan Pasu Vikas Pariyojona (Intensive Animal Development Projects) 1726 Gahan Pasu Vikas Kritim garbhadan Kendra (Intensive animal insemination

Centre60

27 Gahan Pasu Vikas Kritim garbhadan Up KendraI(Intensive animal inseminationSub)Centre

904

28 Kritim Garbhadhan Prasiksan Kendra (Artificial Insemination Training Centre 229 Assistant Veterinary Services officers Training Sansthan 130 Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University 131 Veterinary Science College 332 Veterinary Science Correspondence college 5

Cattle is the most important economic asset in the rural agrarian sector of the state where76% people live in villages and majority of them are involved in livestock activities either asproducers or as hired labourers. For upliftment of socio-economic status of the tribal and theweaker sections of the society, including small and marginal farmers, animal husbandry hasplayed a significant role. Most of the rural poor and landless population is engaged in non-cropfarming activities. Livestock rearing has helped the rural people through remunerative self-employment. The livestock rearing provides gainful employment through subsidiaryoccupations at the locality itself and makes better utilization of essentially utilizable familylabour comprising older people, women and children.Activities allied to agriculture viz., Animal Husbandry & Dairy, Fisheries and Poultry providesupplementary occupation to the people besides contributing to Gross State DomesticProduct. The dependence on the agricultural sector for supporting livelihood is well knownwhile the allied sectors offer scope for absorbing surplus labour from the agriculture sector.

Cattle Population:-With a cattle and buffalo population of 199 lakhs and105 lakhs as per thelive stock census 2007 the state accounts for 11% of cattle and 8.67% of buffalo population ofthe country.

Table 2.28 Number of live stock in Madhya PradeshYear 2011-12As per 18th Live

stock Census 2007Madhya Pradesh

As per 18th Livestock Census

2007India

Compression ofMadhya

Pradesh withIndia in

Percentage1 Cows & bullocks 2.19,15,438 19,90,75,005 11.012 Buffaloes 91,29,152 10,53,42,644 8.673 sheep’s 3,89,863 7,15,58,232 0.544 Goats 90,13,587 14,05,37,405 6.41


5 Horses & Ponies 27,191 6.11,386 4.456 Mules 2,617 1,37,123 1.917 Donkeys 20,199 4,37,937 4.618 Mithun 0 264309 NA9 yok 0 83,169 NA

10 Camels 4,456 5,16,828 0.8611 Pigs 1,92,941, 1,11,33,566 1.7312 Total 4,06,95,544 52,96,97,604 7.68

Source;-As per 18th Livestock Cencus.2007 Appendix 1

This huge population of animals can change the economy of state by increasing theirproductivity and performance, it can provide us the sufficient quantity of milk and meat,however there are potential to use of bullock quantum in the agriculture for reducing thelabour cost as well as by product of animals as dung can provide us the organic manure andpower for farm and domestic purpose by proper utilization of by product.

Dairy Development;-Madhya Pradesh is the sixth largest producer of milk in the country. Milkproduction in the state has increased steadily over a ten year period from 657lakh tonsduring2007-2008 to 881.9 lakh tonnes during 2011-12. It grew at an average of 4%per annum.during 2008.09 to 2010-11 and thereafter at 8.5 per annum during 2011-2012 as against 4%to 5% registered for the country as whole.

The Madhya Pradesh recorded a growth rate of 6.1% in Milk production during 2008-09 to6.7% during 2012-13 which was highest in the country (India’s growth rate was 3.5%)surpassing Maharashtra in terms of total milk production.Per capita milk availability in MP has also increased from 264 gm in 2007-08 to 282 gm in2011-12 compare to 295 gm/day for the country and recommendation of ICMR is 280 gm/day. Thusthere is adequate scope for increasing the productivity of local animals through upgradingusing proven fires (Male)

Poultry;- Egg production marginally decreased from 9747 lakhs(number) in 2007-08 to 7981lakhs in 2011-12. Meat production on the other hand has gone up close to two times from 20.6thousand tonnes in 2007-08 to 39.7 thousand tonnes in 2011-12.

Table2.29 ;-District wise production of milk, egg & meat Production Year 2011-12Sr no District Milk

production(000M.Tonns)

Egg production(In Lakh)

MeatProduction (000M.Tonns)

WoolProduction

1 Jabalpur 311.2 2364.6 7.0 4.02 Katni3 Bhalaghat 97.4 125.4 0.6 0.04 Chhindwara 135.0 278.3 0.6 0.65 Seoni 96.0 77.6 0.3 0.2


6 Mandla 92.3 121.6 0.5 0.77 Dindori8 Narsinghpur 97.5 10.9 0.2 0.39 Sagar 230.2 159.2 0.6 0.510 Damoh 134.0 46.4 0.2 5.111 Panna 126.8 17.5 0.2 5.812 Tikamgarh 218.3 46.2 0.3 64.4

13 Chattarpur 210.8 31.6 0.3 23.714 Rewa 270.1 19.2 0.1 14.715 Sidhi 220.7 145.4 0.6 18.416 Singroli17 Satna 239.4 31.0 0.2 15.418 Shahdol 163.3 109.2 0.3 8.819 Anuppur20 Unaria21 Indore 302.7 689.9 4.4 0.622 Dhar 302.7 689.9 4.4 0.623 Jhabua 135.7 346.1 0.8 10.024 Alirajpur25 Khargone 279.2 433.3 1.2 8.026 Badwani27 Khandwa 147.3 68.3 0.9 18.228 Burhanpur29 Ujjain 375.4 48.2 0.7 4.930 Mandsaur 359.5 34.0 0.4 26.731 Neemuch32 Ratlam 163.4 47.6 0.9 5.533 Dewas 252.8 83.0 2.6 0.034 Shajapur 243.8 247.3 0.9 0.835 Gwalior 243.2 47.2 0.3 30.536 Murena 567.2 23.6 0.4 26.337 Sheopur38 Bhind 250.6 7.2 0.2 13.839 Shivpuri 295.7 46.7 0.3 76.740 Guna 267.3 37.8 0.3 4.141 Ashok Nagar42 Datia 139.4 7.2 0.2 13.143 Bhopal 140.0 1501.6 7.3 0.344 Sehore 232.5 48.2 1.1 1.445 Raisen 144.2 58.6 0.6 0.346 Vidisha 185.3 21.0 1.5 3.447 Betul 139.2 113.4 0.6 3.448 Rajgarh 227.7 218.3 1.3 2.349 Hosangabad 186.1 52.1 0.2 0.350 Harda

Madhya Pradesh Total 8149.4 7981.0 39.7 413.1

2.12 Fisheries:-Geographically, land locked situation of Madhya Pradesh favours inland fishproduction in the state. Major fish producing districts are located in the eastern part of thestate except Dhar. Districts with top fish production are Dhar, Balaghat, Shahdol, Rewa andSeoni. The other districts in the state where fish production is one of the key livelihood


activities are Mandsaur, Indore, Satna, Katni, Tikamgarh, Anuppur, Jabalpur, Mandla,Chhattarpur and Umaria.

Fish production:-There is 4.01 lakh ha of water area available in the state in the form of pondsand tanks, out of which 3.92 lakh ha (98%) area has been brought under fisheries activities.There are as many as 172 fish species found in Madhya Pradesh. Fish production in the statehas increased in the past few years from 47457 tonnes in 2001-02 to 85235 tonnes in 2012-13and further rose to 96257 tonnes in2013-14 . Fish production supplements the earnings ofpoor families in the state besides providing them with food and nutritional support.Fish Seed Davelopment;-The fish seed production is also being developed in the state

concerned, and efforts are being launched for developing them both in government andprivate sector. Fish seed farms are also increasing its production and conservation by usingseasonal rural ponds and bore pits at both sides of the main irrigation canals. The activity ofpromotion of Fisheries Co-operatives in Madhya Pradesh is also undertaken.Fisheries Cooperative:-In Madhya Pradesh there are total 2067 fisherman including 46 womenfishermen Cooperative societies formed till 2013-14with membership of 77811 fishermen and1251 fisher women.

2.12 Agriculture MarketingThe entire thrust and efficiency of Agriculture sector is dependent on marketing support sothat the farmer’s risk is minimized besides getting assured and fair returns. An efficientmarketing system holds the key to the success of diversification of agricultural production.Market intelligence has a vital role to play.A Well organised Marketing network of regulated market, wholesale markets (Krishi UpajMandi) and Sub Mandi is established where farmers are marketing their product .There are517 regulated markets in Madhya Pradesh serving the purpose of agriculture marketing. Outof which 251 main wholesale markets having elaborate infrastructure also known as KrishiUpaj Mandi and remaining 286 having lower level of infrastructure known as Sub Mandi . Inaddition to these there are 1321 haat bazars in the rural areas where farmers and otherpeople congregate periodically to sell their marketable surpluses from farm and buy essentialrequirements. Besides, around 126 mandis have been notified for marketing of horticulturalproduce in Madhya Pradesh. The corporate and private sector are also operating their marketchannel on regulated basic.The Agriculture Export zones (AEZ) for export of wheat, potato, onion. Garlic, seed spices,pulses and for horticulture crop orange are activated with MP state Agro IndustriesDevelopment Corporation . Similarly Food Parks have also coming up in Boregaon,Jaggakhedi, Nimrani, Malanpur, Maneri and Piparia for which about 422 acre land has beenallotted in each district and special packages have been announced for industrializationAgricultural commodities, viz., cereals, oilseeds, pulses, cotton, turmeric etc. were notified.The prices of crop year wise detail are furnished in Table 2.12


Table 2.30. Farm Harvest Prices (Weighted Average) Of Principal Crops in Madhya Pradesh(Rs. in \qts)

S. NO. NAME OF CROP 2011-121 Paddy

SUPERIOR 2735.94MEDIUM 2051.80INFERIOR 1858.64

KHARIF 297.91 454.12 407.25RABI 302.65 568.59 438.70

3 BAJRA 345.43 397.24 387.234 MAIZE 253.18 383.52 302.975 KODON-KUTKI 312.96 394.30 347.266

EARLY 983.60 1257.06 1433.52LATE 907.26 1293.66 1612.27

7 WHEAT(MEDIUM)

419.38 422.29 462.47

8 GRAM 951.39 830.05 881.029 BARLEY 337.54 376.63 341.7210 GROUNDNUT 987.17 1209.33 1310.6111 SESAMUM 1353.74 1752.98 2031.5612 LINSEED 1008.57 1132.40 1298.7913 RAPE &

MUSTARD1016.26 1195.44 1070.59

14 COTTON 1402.23 2213.43 1893.85

Storage;- The storage of agriculture commodities conducted as and when in state sectormainly by the Madhya Pradesh Warehousing and Logistic Corporation which has presently, 281branches in the state. The Madhya Pradesh Warehousing and Logistic Corporation hasachieved the total storage capacity of 58.58 lakh MT. It is also commendable that theoccupancy levels against the 30 total capacity achieved with maximum efficiency at 94%.Madhya Pradesh Warehousing and Logistic Corporation is appointed as a nodal agency forwheat procurement as per the procurement policy of the state government.

Agriculture Research and Extension;- Agriculture research is expected to coordinate locationspecific, strategic and anticipatory research focused on increasing the productivity, profitabilityand sustainability of agricultural and allied sectors under the area and jurisdiction of the State.The JNKVV and RVSKVV these two state Agricultural universities also undertakeadministration, planning, budgeting, coordination, evaluation, monitoring and publication ofresearch outputs of need based production oriented agricultural research with maintenance


breeding of crop varieties, breeder seed, production and quality production of plantingmaterials.

2.13. Agricultural InputsAmong the improved agricultural technologies, seeds, fertilizers and pesticides are the mostimportant ones. The improved seeds have more genetic vigour for high yield potential and thefertilizers and the balanced nutrient management trigger the potentials for increasing the yieldlevels. Therefore, the timely and adequate availability of these inputs, that too at affordableprices to farmers, are the essentials to keep agriculture growing. The details of agriculturalinputs supplied to the farmers in the State over a period of five years from 2001-02 to 2005-06are briefly discussed in this section.

i) Seeds :-Seed is important for higher productivity of crop and its demand anddistribution is increasing year by year-

Table 2.31 The quantities of seeds distributed over five years period from 2007-08 to2011-12

Year Distribution of quality seed (in lakh tonnes)2007-2008 11.572008-2009 14.672009-2010 18.372010-2011 23.562011-2012 30.09Source ;-Department of Agriculture GoMP

It could be discerned from the table that seeds distribution for both kharif and rabi crops havenearly tripled from 1157 thousand quintals (2007-2008) to 3009 thousand quintals (2011-12)Madhya Pradesh has also become the top Certified Seed Producing State in the country, bothin Private and Cooperative sector. In this context intervention was established to attain self-sufficiency through Co-operative Seed Production Programme. Seed production undercooperative sector was started to increase the seed replacement rate in the state. Statecooperative seed societies were created in 2002 and in the year 2004, the Apex Maha sanghfor seed was constituted. The state has 2313 seed producing registered co-operatives. Thecooperative network has speeded up the seed production programme and the seedreplacement rate has also gone up. Today Madhya Pradesh has become the largest certifiedseed producer in the country with total certified seed production of 43.95 lakh quintal in 2013.Fig 1.5: Certified Seed production in States(Seed Replacement Rate:- To increase the productivity of crops, another factor that plays animportant role is SRR (Seed Replacement Rate). Indicated below in the table 2.13 (b) are theseed replacement rates for various types of crops. In cases such as Cotton the replacementrate is 100 percent (owing to replacement of cotton seed with BT cotton. The other crop


where replacement rate was high is Bajra, where it is 51 percent. Seed Replacement rates formost the main crops as Paddy, dwarf wheat, Gram Soyban varies almost around 10 to 31percent only during 2011-12.

Table 2.32 Seed Replacement by Crops - Percentage to Total Cropped AreaSeed Replacement Rate ( in percentage)

Sr Crop Year 2011-121 Paddy 16.852 Soybean 31.213 Dwarf Wheat 30.244 Gram 9.97

Source Presentation;NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR RABI CAMPAIGN 2012-13 by GoMP

The above table indicates the need for increasing seed production Programme particularly inState seed farms and in Seed Cooperative Socities. Moreover, in the recent years, the farmersbuying behaviour with reference to seeds have changed towards the use of more and morequality /certified seeds from the seed Market. This trend again reinforces the need forproduction and distribution of more quality seeds each year through organised sector ofcooperative, Seed Corporation & rivate seed producers.

ii) Fertilizers:- Crops respond significantly to fertilizers on most of the soil types. There hasalso been a shift in the consumption of fertilizers over the years, as given in thefollowing table. This is mainly due to a shift in cropping pattern from food grains tooilseeds, cash crops and cultivation of horticulture crops and also growth inirrigation facilities in the state.

Table 2.33 – Fertilizer consumption in Madhya Pradesh (kg /Ha)YEAR Fertilizer consumption in Madhya Pradesh2007-08 63.442008 -09 70.712009-10 77.212010-11 89.192011-12 88.28

Source; Department of Agriculture GoMP

Kg. per ha. Fertilizer consumption;-The per hectare use of fertilizer consumption in the statehas steadily increased from 63.44 kg per ha in 2007-08 to 88.28 kg per ha in 2011-12.Sustained efforts are being made to further increase the area under irrigation, which is a pre-requisite for fertilizer consumption and providing timely supply of all chemical fertilizers at theprimary agricultural cooperative level. ( Source :Fertilizer Statistics of India and Compendiumof Agriculture Statistics)


Farmers training for fertilizer application;- The farmers have to be educated and trained inthe application of proper proportions of NPK in the crop fields. Introduction of bio-fertilizers isyet another recent land mark that adds to the increased crop productivity with the least cost.However, it is yet to gain momentum among farmers and hence a special thrust in the planmay be given for popularizing bio-fertilizers among the farmers of Madhya Pradesh. TheIntegrated Fertilizer Management (IFM) through the use of judicious mix of organic manure,bio-fertilizers, green manures and chemical fertilizers require urgent attention for minimizingthe adverse environmental effects in the long run. Similarly, the effective implementation ofIntegrated Pest Management (IPM) should be there to internalise the pesticides externalitiesat the farm level.

iii) Pesticides

. Table2.34;-The particulars on pesticides consumption in the State over a period of 5 yearsFrom 2007-2008 to 2011-12.

Pesticide Consumption (Technical Grade in MT)S. No. Year Target Achievement1 2007-2008 729 6962 2008-2009 731 6633 2009-2010 729 6454 2010-2011 723 6335 2011-2012

Perusal of the details in the above table, clearly exhibits the fact that the utilization ofpesticides was around 2606 metric tonnes in 1990-91 and it started declining thereafterdrastically reaching 633 tonnes of technical grade in 2010-11. The drastic reduction in thepesticides use was primarily due to the advocacy of the concept of Economic Threshold Level(ETL) and the concept of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) as well. The introduction of biopesticides also reduced the chemical uses. Thus, the need-based plant protection measuresare becoming popular among the farmers in the State, so as to reduce the cost of productionof the crops and the unnecessary environmental pollution with chemicals. However, to makethe concepts of ETL and IPM more popular among all categories of farmers, effective extensioneducation with field demonstrations are the need of the hour, on which the planned activitieshave to be focused in the future. Use of bio-pesticides on the other hand, is graduallyincreasing and organizations like NABARD, etc. are not only advocating but slowly encouragingand introducing use of Bio pesticides in their WADI like programmes.

iv) Agriculture Markets and Storage There are 517 regulated markets in Madhya Pradeshserving the purpose of agriculture marketing. Out of which 251 main wholesalemarkets having elaborate infrastructure also known as Krishi Upaj Mandi andremaining 28 286 having lower level of infrastructure known as Sub Mandi . In


addition to these there are 1321 haat bazars in the rural areas where farmers andother peple congregate periodically to sell their marketable surpluses from farmand buy essential requirements. Besides, around 126 mandis have been notified formarketing of horticultural produce in Madhya Pradesh.

Table2.34 : Mandi Arrivals and Income Generated in Madhya PradeshYears Total Mandi

Arrivals (inLakh Ionnes)

% increase inarrivals

Incomegeneratedfrom Mandi fes@2%( Rs InCrore)

% increase inincome

2006-07 147.25 370.232007 -08 173.74 17.99% 466.36 25.962008 -09 169.49 -2.45% 478.23 2.552009- 10 171.57 1.23% 571.16 19.432010 -11 217.52 26.78% 742.78 30.052011 -12 233.99 7.57% 763.50 2.79(Source ;Madhya Pradesh Agriculture Marketing Board GoMp)


CHAPTER III

STRENGTH, WEAKNESS, OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES.3. SWOC AnalysisInformative analysis on Strength, Weakness, Opportunities and Challenges, serve asmanagement tools for strategic decision-making as well as a diagnostic technique whichcatalyses in streamlining the future projections and applications. This analysis has been used incorporate management but now a day it has become an integral component in majority ofoperational fields of life. SWOC analysis pertains to agriculture and allied sectors and otherrelated sectors is a very effective tool in understanding the emerging challenges of farmingand different ecosystems and integrating them with production requirements in rightperspectives. SWOC analysis of four major sectors viz., agriculture, horticulture, animalhusbandry and fisheries for Madhya Pradesh state is given below:

3.1 Agriculture SectorStrengths

Round the year bright sun-shine and average rainfall of 1100 mm are the boons to theliving of human beings, the animal and plant kingdom on this State of India.

The State possesses 11 agro-climatic zones ranging from arid, semi-arid climaticconditions and 5 crop regions.

Two agricultural universities,10 Agricultural colleges +one Engineering college and 44KVKs in almost every district with sound back-up support of research and extensionservices.

4500 PACS, Mandi Board having 256 Mandi,s and 282 sub mandis spread throughoutthe state.

The major types of soils like red, black cotton, alluvial, loamy and sandy loam found inthe State are highly suitable for growing a variety of crops.

Functional Narmada Development Authority for exploiting irrigation waters foragricultural productivity. Large acreage of agriculturally productive land in Narmada,Tawa, Wainganga, Denwa, Betwa, Pench, Hirri, Sagar, Ken, Son, Johila, Budner, Haloan,Pench, Jam and Machna basins and catchments areas.

Irrigation Schemes implemented to raise ground water level and enabling efficient useof rain water

A wide range of crops such as cereals, pulses, oilseeds, spices and condiments, fruits,vegetables and other crops are cultivated under varied agro-climatic conditions in theState.

People in the State, though majority of them are poor, are hard-working and hence amodern technological back-up can go a long way in improving agricultural production.


57% of total area of soybean of country is concentrated in MP. Well-developed agro-based soybean industries are the added strengths for the rapid growth of the economy.

Perennial rivers are the boons for fresh water aquaculture with existence of heritagewater tanks and village ponds. This indicates the high growth potential of fishery sectorin the State.

There exists very good potential for boosting production of milk and goat / poultrymeat in the State through scientific feeding, breeding and health management. This ismore evident from the sizable livestock population the State.

The rail as well as road transport systems, which are essential for agriculturaldevelopment, are fairly – knitted in the State.

Well established warehousing system by the CWC, SWC and co-operatives with three-tier approaches adds strength to the marketing system in the State and

Changing life style and food habits of the people especially in the context ofurbanization, industrialization and Information Technology revolution.

Credit distribution of short term loan at 0% interestWeaknesses

Sixty five percent of the landholders in the state area are marginal small farmersowning 26 percent of the cultivable land. The state has 20 percent of the nation’s tribalpopulation, the largest in any state. Poor in financial resources, however dedicated,these farmers would need continued special attention and incentives to adopt modernfarming practices.

Water is the primary requirement for successful agriculture. Frequent monsoonfailures, low, erratic and uncertain rainfall and its skewed distribution affect themomentum of agricultural growth.

Major area under cultivation is rainfed. Some of the irrigation reservoirs are in patheticsituation due to their limited maintenance resources. Irrigation tanks and water waysare highly silted and filled with the growth of obnoxious aquatic weeds. Improper up-keep of canal and river bunds results in severe water losses or non-availability of waterat the requires time results in decreased agricultural productivity

Devoid of significant entrepreneur activities /industries due to poor power availabilityin the rural hinterlands.

The state has not been able to support a large seed replacement programme. Absence of market led extension services Lack of information and communication Technology (ICT) at village level Absence of concept of farm entrepreneurship development No proper attention to market based research for value addition Inadequate marketing infrastructure Presence of innumerable intermediaries between farmers and consumers increase the

cost of marketing and reduce farmers share in the consumer’s rupee.


Post-harvest glut and consequent low prices of agricultural commodities Ineffective storage structures at the farm level and consequent losses of agricultural

produce due to storage pests, including rats and dampness. Minimum Involvement and negligible coordination of corporate and Private sector for

agriculture development activitiesOpportunities

Raising majority of field and horticultural crops round the year throughout the Statedue to sufficient precipitation pattern.

Market demand for better quality agricultural products and perishable foods like milk,fruits and vegetables is getting increased primarily due to urbanization. Thisnecessitates the enhancing the yield per unit of land besides milk and meat productionin the years to come.

Ample scope exists for opportunities for agro-processing units due to increaseddemand for ready-to-cook as well as ready-to-eat foods.

The red, black, alluvial and loamy soils found in the State are highly productive andtheir capabilities can be sustained through proper and planned soil fertilitymanagement practices.

As the labour availability is becoming scarce, especially during peak agriculturaloperations like transplanting, harvesting etc., the farm mechanization is on theincrease. However, the high investment requirement and non-affordability by theindividual farmer, especially the marginal and small, give way for custom services andevolution of small agri-business entrepreneurs in the State

Acceptable adoption of organic farming in predominantly low agro-chemicalsconsuming districts in tribal belts.

With production and productivity plateauing in irrigated areas elsewhere in thecountry, the rain-fed areas of the state can be the vanguard of the second agriculturerevolution.

Industry based cultivations of wheat including export purpose for different purpose likeflour, bakery etc.

Challenges Rural Population dependent on Agriculture;-Overall population dependent on

agriculture was 71.5 % in 2001 which has reduced slightly to 69.8% in 2011. Howeverthe proportion of rural population depending on agriculture has remained unchangedat 85.5% Thus from the livelihood perspective, the situation in Madhya Pradesh differsgreatly from that of national level due to high dependency of its population onagriculture and allied sector as prime source of income and employment generation.Surprisingly, the situation has not changed much in even decade


Low and skewed distribution of rainfall especially during monsoon and consequentdroughts and floods occurring often and inadequate infrastructure to control suchcalamities, damages the standing crops heavily and affects the production.

Increase in Production & productivity:-It has been observed that though the productionand productivity of major crop in the state has increased over the years is still laggingbehind compared to the national average and major leading states in the country

Low in Income Sector:-With the Line of discourse at the national level share ofagricultural and allied sector in state GDP has declined over the years and stood at24.4%in 2012-13 at 2004-05 constant prices, although it has shown outstandingperformance in recent past .But low income generation from the sector affects theincome levels of depending farmers and thus impact rural economy to a great extentwhere incidence of rural poverty is comparatively high

Lack of Irrigation facility;- Though there is improvement in irrigation facilities in thestate in the recent past. as, the Gross Irrigated Area in Madhya Pradesh has increasedfrom 44.94 lakh ha in 2002-03 to 89.66 lakh ha in 2012-13 which is 38.58% of the GrossCropped Area in the State in 2012-13. It is very low compared to agriculturallyprosperous states like Punjab, Haryana and UP where irrigation facility is more than50%.

Quitting agricultural profession due to price volatility with high fluctuations and non-remunerative farm products and consequent non-profitability of the farm business.

The out – breaks of pests and diseases are often recurring in certain endemic areas ofthe State. These pose the threat to the crops leading to complete loss to many farmers.

Depletion of ground water;-In the recent years, due to heavy pumping of ground-waterespecially in summer and early Kharif seasons, the reversal of ground water flowresults in high cost for irrigation.

Fragmentation of Land holding:-Fast urbanization and industrialization andindiscriminate conversion of agricultural land to non-agricultural purposes; pose a greatthreat of contraction of land put to agricultural uses and consequent reduction inproduction. Fragmentation of land holding into smaller units is another cause ofconcern ,resulting in increase in number of small and marginal farmers from 65% in2000-01 to 71.5 in 2010-11

Spurious/substandard input material supply Volatile prices / wide price fluctuations are the major threats that make the agricultural

proposition non-profitable and perforce the farmers to exit agricultural profession,once for all and

Increasing quality parameters and food safety standards in domestic and exportmarkets

Training farmers on scientific farming Ensuring adequate supply of quality agro-inputs


Crack down on spurious farm products Improve power and irrigation facilities

3.2 Horticulture SectorStrengths

Horticulture crops in general are high value crops in the State.Soil and climaticconditions are highly favourable for raising varied horticultural crops.

The Department of Horticulture in the State has got the entire needed technical where-withal, supported by a separate Horticulture College and Horticulture ResearchStations in the State.

Increasing industrialization and urbanization and consequent per capita incomeincrease create an effective internal and external demand for horticultural products,which are supposed to be the protective foods in human nutrition.

The state has a very good potential of high value spices and condiments crops. The state support for horticulture development in the form of National Horticulture

Mission and Spices Board is an added strength to grow a variety of horticultural crops. Suitable land for all semi-arid tropic fruits orchards. State Govt. has number of horticultural nurseries and vegetable seed production farm Changing life style and food habits of the people especially in the context of

urbanization, industrialization and Information Technology revolution. Popularizing use of green houses in horticultural crop production promotion to

innovations (greenhouse) at field levelWeaknesses

The major weakness is the high-cost of cultivation of high value horticultural crops Most of the fruit crops are highly season-bound and hence the year-round production

is not possible Lack of adequate demand for processed fruit and vegetable products and

infrastructure for processing value-added products Inadequate network of horticultural extension machinery in the State Highly perishable nature of horticulture products Absence of advance research centre for fruit, vegetables and spices crops in the state. Non-availability of potato seeds of farmer’s choice Inadequate supply of quality planting material Unscientific management of orange orchards Non-existence of specialized training programmes for horticultural crops Limited attention to market based research for value addition Absence of appropriate insurance policies for vegetables /flower growing in protected

cultivation in poly houses and fruits crops also, Large number of marginal and small farms


Majority of the farmers are having resource poor Perishable nature of the farm products and the information asymmetry about market

and price trend favour the intermediaries and weaken the bargaining power of thefarmers. Ineffective storage structures at the farm level and consequent losses ofagricultural produce due to storage pests, including rats and dampness

The post-harvest losses have been estimated at 30 per cent for fruits and vegetableswhere as 10 percent for food grains

Agri-processing Industries are yet to develop in a big way, and Encouraging farmers to adopt micro irrigation system in best way . Absence of cold chain development

Opportunities As the urbanization, industrialization and the family income have shown an increasing

trend in the recent years, the effective demand for protective foods is growing. Hencethere exist ample opportunities to increase the fruit and vegetable production in theState

Natural undulating land topography provides opportunities for development ofhorticulture crops in the State

The tempo of liberalization of the economies in the world and the functioning of WTOgive impetus to the export of horticultural products

Season-bound production, highly perishable nature of products and the year rounddemand provide excellent opportunity for the agro-processing entrepreneurs

Crop diversification from low-return field crops to high value horticultural crops isanother possible opportunity

Strengthening the existing marketing organizations Deregulation of marketing activities Construction of more Onion Storage pack houses at village level Developing effective communication network Capacity building among farmers through training and exposure visits Development of cold chains for perishables Strengthening storage system at farm level especially Pack Houses Tapping the export markets and Encouraging farmers for setting up green houses and MIS.

Challenges High-cost of high-tech cultivation of horticulture crops and low financial investment

capability of majority of farmers Presence of rocky sub-soils and lack of awareness among the farmers pose severe

threat to many orchard farmers


High perishability and inadequate post-harvest care also pose threat to growhorticultural crops

Post-harvest glut of season-bound fruits and highly fluctuating prices are the otherthreats confronted by horticultural farmers

Supply of good quality planting materials and input Unstable market Gap between supply and demand Volatile prices / wide price fluctuations are the major threats that make the agricultural

proposition non-profitable and perforce the farmers to exit agricultural profession,once for all, and

Increasing quality parameters and food safety standards in domestic and exportmarkets

Climatic change & low rainfall leads to insufficient irrigation facilities.

3.3 Agriculture EngineeringWeaknessLower level of resource management due to low farm power availability

ChallengesLow Level of Farm MechanizationProduction and productivity of crop in a particular area is directly related to level of farmmechanisation level in the area Due to fragmented holding .poor economic conditions andreluctance in accepting modern technology the mechanisation level in the state could notimproved to a desired level, At the end of the year2010-11 the farm mechanisation level couldnot reach to 1.15 kw/ha only Therefore improving the scenario of farm mechanization will beon of the major challenges before our state

3.4 Animal Husbandry SectorStrengths

Sizeable cattle population in the State Increasing cross-bred cows population Eagerness of SHGs on dairying Readily available bank credit Ready market for fluid milk and its by-products Involvement of private dairy is also on the increase in milk procurement and

distribution Very high export potential for hides and skins The availability of fairly large number of veterinary institutions along with

infrastructure facilities


Propensity of dairy farmers to market the surplus milk through co-operatives and excellentnetwork of dairy co-operatives Availability of superior germ plasm with high exotic blood levelsand Availability of fairly a large number of Artificial Insemination Centres in the State.Weaknesses

Shortage of green fodder to the tune of above 80 per cent of the requirement Lack of adequate knowledge on enriching the available dry fodder with nutrient

supplements Lack of knowledge among the farmers on hygienic milk production, scientific rearing of

calves and management of cross bred cows during advanced pregnancy period Insufficient cold chain management of vaccines Poor quality control system Problems in controlling the disease out-breaks Improper housing and frequent incidence of diseases Poor slaughter facilities Non-availability of veterinary services within the easy reach of the farmers due to

insufficient technical manpower Delayed conceivement, shy bearing in buffaloes and limited percentage of artificial

insemination success and Decreasing buffalo population

Opportunities Constantly increasing demand for milk and milk products from both domestic and

export markets The performance of genetically up-graded non-descript local breeds are quite

promising in terms of increased milk productivity Financial institutions, especially the commercial banks, are liberal in extending credit

facilities for starting mini-dairy farms Technological empowerment on scientific dairy farming among farmers / rural women

to boost milk production Presence of well – knit SHGs all over the State and Availability of well-knit co-operative milk marketing system and the growth of private

procurement and distribution business units

Challenges Diminishing grazing land area in the recent times High incidence of mastitis and loss of milk productivity Increasing cost of feeds Non-availability of labour and high labour cost and Sudden outbreaks of diseases like Anthrax, black quarter, foot and mouth disease, etc.


3.5 Fisheries SectorStrengths

Madhya Pradesh is blessed with good number of perennial rivers viz., Narmada, Tawa,Wainganga, Denwa, Betwa, Pench, Hirri, Sagar, Ken, Son, Johila, Budner, Haloan, Pench,Jam and Machna

Diversified flora and fauna to support sweat water psiculture The inland fishery sprawls over vast water spread area comprising reservoirs, major

irrigation and long seasonal tanks, short seasonal tanks and ponds Many fishermen cooperatives are functioning in the State. The fisheries policy of the

state is cooperatives based. The state has 1617 primary cooperatives societies and oneapex body, i.e. Madhya Pradesh Fisheries Federation, which is engaged in fisheriesdevelopment in the state

Sizable fishermen / fisher women population in the State and The state has one fisheries training centre, one research unit of fisheries development

and various research station of the Indian Council of Agriculture Research (ICAR)provide research, extension and training support to the state fisheries departmentfrom time to time.

Weaknesses Majority of water bodies received water only during monsoon season Inadequate infrastructure facilities for seed production, rearing, and marketing Fish culture in natural and small water systems is being practiced by stock and harvest

method and not by scientific culture method Insufficient post-harvest facility like cold storage and fish processing unit near the site Low fish productivity of tanks Inadequate fish seed production and non-availability of stock size quality fish seeds

throughout the year Insufficient funds to fish seed rearing centres Inadequate training packages on fish culture, breeding and seed rearing, feed

formulation and fish diseases diagnosis, etc. Insufficient area for fish seed production Lack of hygienic handling of fish in marketing Low infrastructure support for artisanal fisherman impede the growth in fish

production Under-utilization of short seasonal tanks and Conflicting demand on available water

Opportunities Large scale river aquaculture is possible


Ample opportunities for developing fish product based industries on large scale withgreater rigor.

Effective utilization of short seasonal tanks and ponds in the network of inland waterways for fish production and

Establishment of large scale seed production and supply centres. Integrating fish farming with rain-water harvesting. Challenges Frequent monsoon failures, are the natural hazards that pose major threats to the

growth of the fishery industry as a whole Inadequate infrastructure for seed production discourages the farmers in taking up

fresh water fish culture High siltation of tanks and water ways and lack of periodic de-silting activities. Managing conflicting demand for water.


CHAPTER IV

MADHYA PRADESH: VISION 2020

Vision Statement“IMPROVING LIVELIHOOD OF RURAL HOUSEHOLS BY REBALANCING AGRICULTURETHROUGH CONSERVING AGRICULTURE AND AN INTEGRATED DIVERSIFIED FARMINGSYSTEM”

India has made impressive strides on the agricultural front during the last three decades. Muchof the credit for this success should go to the several million small farming families that formthe backbone of Indian agriculture and economy. Policy support, production strategies, publicinvestment in infrastructure, research and extension for crop, livestock and fisheries havesignificantly helped to increase food production and its availability. During the last 30 years,India’s foodgrain production nearly doubled from 102 million tons in the triennium ending1973 to nearly 264.77 million tons (mt) in the year 2013-14. Virtually all of the increase in theproduction resulted from yield gains rather than expansion of cultivated area. The per capitanet availability of foodgrains was 444 grams per day in 2009, 437.1 grams per day in 2010 and462.9 grams per day in 2011, even as the country’s population is growing.The Indian agriculture sector accounts for 13.9 per cent of India's gross domestic product

(GDP) and employs just a little less than 54.6 per cent of the country's workforce. TheDepartment of Agriculture and Cooperation under the Ministry of Agriculture is the nodalorganization responsible for the development of the agriculture sector in India. The Immediatechallenge to the Ministry of Agriculture is to sustain the increasing agricultural output of thecountry in the coming years.

4.00 Indian Agriculture at a GlanceAgriculture continues to be the backbone of Indian economy.

Agriculture sector employs 54.6% of the total workforce. The total Share of Agriculture & Allied Sectors (Including Agriculture, Livestock, and

forestry and fishery sub sectors) in terms of percentage of Gross Domestic Product is13.9 percent during 2013-14 at 2004-05 prices. [As per the estimates released byCentral Statistics Office]

For the 12th Plan (2012-17), a growth target of 4 percent has been set for theAgriculture Sector

As per the 4th Advance Estimates of Production of food grains for 2013-14, total foodgrain production is estimated to be 264.77 Million Tonnes. Availability of food grainsper person was 444.0 grams per day in 2009, 437.1 grams/day in 2008, 453.6 grams aday in 2011 before plunging to 450.3 grams per person per day in 2012, increased from


452 gm/capita/day to over 476 gm/capita/day, even as the country's population almostdoubled, swelling from 548 million to nearly 1000 million.

Increased agricultural productivity and rapid industrial growth in the recent years havecontributed to a significant reduction in poverty level, from 55 percent in 1973 to 26percent in 1998. Despite the impressive growth and development, India is still home tothe largest number of poor people of the world. With about 250 million below thepoverty line, India accounts for about one-fifth of the world’s poor. Child malnutritionextracts its highest toll in this country. About 25% children suffer from seriousmalnutrition. More than 50 percent of the pre-school children and pregnant womenare anaemic. The depth of hunger among the undernourished is also high.

India has high population pressure on land and other resources to meet its food anddevelopment needs. The natural resource base of land, water and bio-diversity is undersevere pressure. The massive increase in population (despite the slowing down of therate of growth) and substantial income growth, demand an extra about 2.5 mt of foodgrains annually, besides significant increases needed in the supply of livestock, fish andhorticultural products. Under the assumption of 3.5% growth in per capita GDP (lowincome growth scenario), demand for food grains (including feed, seed, wastage andexport) is projected in the year 2020 at the level of 256 mt comprising 112mt of rice,82mt of wheat, 39mt of coarse grains and 22mt of pulses. The demand for sugar, fruits,vegetables, and milk is estimated to grow to a level 33mt, 77mt, 136mt and 116mtrespectively. The demand for meat is projected at 9mt, fish 11mt and eggs 77.5 billion(Table 1).

Future increases in the production of cereals and non-cereal agricultural commoditieswill have to be essentially achieved through increases in productivity, as thepossibilities of expansion of area and livestock population are minimal. To meet theprojected demand in the year 2020, country must attain a per hectare yield of 2.7 tonsfor rice, 3.1 tons for wheat, 2.1 tons for maize, 1.3 tons for coarse cereals, 2.4 tons forcereal, 1.3 tons for pulses, 22.3 tons for potato, 25.7 for vegetables, and 24.1 tons forfruits. The production of livestock and poultry products must be improved 61% for milk,76% for meat, 91% for fish, and 169% for eggs by the year 2020 over the base year TE1999. Average yields of most crops in India are still rather low.

Table 4.1: Demand for Agricultural Commodities


Item Achieved TE 1997-99 Demand in 2020(million tons)

Yield target in2020

Area(Millionha)

Production(Milliontons)

Yield(Kg/ha)

LIG HIG LIG HIG

Rice 42.2 85.7 1903 112.4 111.9 2664 2652Wheat 26.2 69.1 2582 82.3 79.9 3137 3045Coarse cereal 30.7 30.4 1041 38.9 37.3 1268 1214Cereal 99.1 185.2 1814 233.6 229.0 2357 2311Pulses 21.7 13.8 608 22.3 23.8 1029 1095Food grains 120.8 199.0 1595 255.9 252.8 2119 2092Edible oil 28.6 6.4 269 10.8 11.4 379.7 399Potato 1.2 21.6 17188 27.8 30.6 22279 24566Vegetables 5.3 74.5 14204 135.6 168.0 25673 31812Fruits 3.2 43.0 13437 77.0 93.6 24064 29259SugarcaneGur

3.7 26.9 7006 32.6 33.7 8788 9088

Milk - 71.2 - 115.8 137.3 - -Meat - 5.0 - 8.8 11.4 - -Eggs number - 2873 - 7750 10000 - -Fish - 5.3 - 10.1 12.8 - -

Source: Food Production and Demand in South Asia. Agril. Econ. Res. Rev. 13(1):1-24.LIG: Low income growth 3.5% per capita GDP growthHIG: High income growth 5.5% per capita GDP growthDemand includes export 4.7mt rice, 3.6 mt wheat, and vegetables 2.2 mt fruits 1.4mt And fish0.49 mt.

4.1 Emerging Trends The agriculture sector recorded satisfactory growth due to improved technology,

irrigation, inputs and pricing policies. Livestock, poultry, fisheries and horticulture aresurging ahead in production growth in recent years and will have greater demand inthe future. Industrial and service sectors have expanded faster than agriculture sectorresulting in declining share of agriculture in national accounts. Despite the structuralchange, agriculture still remains a key sector, providing both employment andlivelihood opportunities to more than 70 percent of the country's population who livein rural areas. The contribution of small farmers to the national and household foodsecurity has been steadily increasing. The water availability for agricultural uses hasreached a critical level and deserves urgent attention of all concerned.

Madhya Pradesh too just like other states of the country has high population pressureon land and other resources to meet its food and development needs. The naturalresource base of land, water and bio-diversity is under severe pressure. Food demandchallenges ahead are formidable considering the non-availability of favourable factors


of past growth, fast declining factor productivity in major cropping systems and rapidlyshrinking resource base.

Vast uncommon opportunities to harness agricultural potential still remain, which canbe tapped to achieve future targets. There are serious gaps both in yield potential andtechnology transfer as the state average yields of most of the commodities are low,which if addressed properly could be harnessed.

Concentration was on enhanced production of a few commodities like rice and wheat,which could quickly contribute to increased total food and agricultural production. Thisresulted in considerable depletion of natural resources and the rainfed dry areas havingmaximum concentration of resource poor farmers remained ignored, aggravatingproblems of inequity and regional imbalances. This also led to a high concentration ofmalnourished people in these rainfed, low productive areas. This era also witnessedrapid loss of soil nutrients, agro-biodiversity including indigenous land races andbreeds.

The agriculture policy must accelerate all-round development and economic viability ofagriculture in comprehensive terms. Farmers must be provided the necessary support,encouragement and incentives. It must focus both on income and greater on-farm andoff-farm job and livelihood opportunities.

4.2 Main IssuesIn State priority setting, the following recurring and emerging issues for sustainableagricultural development and poverty alleviation must be considered:

Population pressure and demographic transition; Resource base degradation and water scarcity; Investment in agriculture, structural adjustment and impact on the poor; Globalization and implication on the poor; Modern science and technology and support to research and technology development;

and Rapid urbanization and urbanization of poverty, and deceleration in rural poverty

reduction. While addressing the above issues, a statement on agriculture must take note of the

following uncommon opportunities: Conservation of natural resources and protection of environment. Vast untapped potential of our soil and water resources, and farming systems Technology revolution especially in the areas of molecular biology, biotechnology,

ecology and management. Revolution in informatics and communication and the opportunity of linking farmers,

extension workers and scientists with the national and international databases


4.3 VisionThe Agriculture vision document of Madhya Pradesh must articulate a clear vision on followingfew basic parameters of the agricultural sector around which a doable framework must bedeveloped.

Organization of agriculture: A clear long-term vision where inter-sectoral linkages areexplicit.

Sustainability and natural resource management: Prescription must lie in the domain ofpolitical economy. Otherwise, allocating funds for agriculture and allied sector, and soon will not produce desired results.

Institutional involvement: document must spell out new approaches and involvementof corporate institutions free from the shackles of bureaucratic and self-helpframework.

Investment priorities: There is a need to develop a consensus on investment themes,priorities and policies. Document must lend strength to the claim for greaterinvestment in rural areas, and also re-examine its programmes in the light ofcomplementarities.

Incentives: Document must articulate a clear vision on the incentive framework. Innovation & Risk management

4.4 Challenges, Policies and Strategies(a) Enhancing Yield of Major Commodities: Yield of major crops and livestock in the region ismuch lower than that in the rest of the country. Considering that the frontiers of expansion ofcultivated area are limited in the region, the future increase in food production to meet thecontinuing high demand must come from increase in yield. There is a need to strengthenadaptive research and technology assessment, refinement and transfer capabilities of thestate so that the existing wide technology transfer gaps are bridged. For this, an appropriatenetwork of extension service needs to be created to stimulate and encourage both top-downand bottom-up flows of information between farmers, extension workers, and researchscientists to promote the generation, adoption, and evaluation of location specific farmtechnologies. Ample scope exists for increasing genetic yield potential of a large number ofvegetables, fruits as well as other food crops and livestock and fisheries products. Besidesmaintenance breeding, greater effort should be made towards developing hybrid varieties aswell as varieties suitable for export purposes. Agronomic and soil researches in the regionneed to be intensified to address location specific problems as factor productivity growth isdecelerating in major production regimes. Research on Rice/Wheat, coarse grains, pulses andoilseeds must achieve a production breakthrough. Hybrid rice, single cross hybrids of maizeand pigeonpea hybrids offer new opportunities. Soybean, sunflower will help in meetingfuture oil demands successfully. Forest cover must be preserved to keep off climaticdisturbances and to provide enough of fuel and fodder. Milk, meat and draught capacity of ouranimals needs to be improved quickly through better management practices.


(b) Integrated nutrient management: Attention should be given to balanced use of nutrients.Phosphorus deficiency is now the most widespread soil fertility problem in both irrigated andunirrigated areas. Correcting the distortion in relative prices of primary fertilizers could helpcorrect the imbalances in the use of primary plant nutrients-nitrogen, phosphorus, and potashand use of bio-fertilizers. To improve efficiency of fertilizer use, what is really needed isenhanced location-specific research on efficient fertilizer practices (such as balanced use ofnutrients, correct timing and placement of fertilizers, and, wherever necessary, use ofbio/organic nutrients, micronutrient and soil amendments), improvement in soil testingservices, development of improved fertilizer supply and distribution systems, anddevelopment of physical and institutional infrastructure.(c) Arresting deceleration in total factor productivity: Public investment in irrigation,infrastructure development (road, electricity), research and extension and efficient use ofwater and plant nutrients are the dominant sources of TFP growth. The sharp deceleration intotal investment and more so in public sector investment in agriculture is the main cause forthe deceleration. This has resulted in the slow-down in the growth of irrigated area and asharp deceleration in the rate of growth of fertiliser consumption. The most serious effect ofdeceleration in total investment has been on agricultural research and extension. This trendmust be reversed as the projected increase in food and non-food production must accrueessentially through increasing yield per hectare. Recognising that there are serious yield gapsand there are already proven paths for increasing productivity, it is very important for MadhyaPradesh to maintain a steady growth rate in total factor productivity. As the TFP increases, thecost of production decreases and the prices also decrease and stabilise. Both producer andconsumer share the benefits. The fall in food prices will benefit the urban and rural poor morethan the upper income groups, because the former spend a much larger proportion of theirincome on cereals than the latter. All the efforts need to be concentrated on acceleratinggrowth in TFP, whilst conserving natural resources and promoting ecological integrity ofagricultural system. More than half of the required growth in yield to meet the target ofdemand must be met from research efforts by developing location specific and low input usetechnologies with the emphasis on the regions where the current yields are below therequired national average yield.Literacy had a positive and significant relation with crop productivity and a strong link existsbetween literacy and farm modernisation. A study some time back, conducted by IARI , hasshown that literacy emerged as an important source of growth in adoption of technology, useof modern inputs like machines, fertilisers, and yield. Recognising that in the liberalisedeconomic environment, efficiency and growth orientation will attract maximum attention.Literacy will play a far more important role in the globalised world than it did in the past.Contribution of literacy, through TFP, will be substantial on yield growth and domestic supply.As future agriculture will increasingly be science-led and will require modern economicmanagement, high return to investment on education is expected.


The investments that are good for agricultural growth-technology and its dissemination, ruralinfrastructure (roads), education and irrigation - amount to a 'win-win' strategy for reducingrural poverty by also increasing the non-farm economy and raising rural wages. Creatinginfrastructure in less developed areas, better management of infrastructure and introductionof new technologies can further enhance resource productivity and TFP. Generation andeffective assessment and diffusion of packages of appropriate technologies involving systemand programme based approach, participatory mechanisms, greater congruency betweenproductivity and sustainability through integrated pest management and integrated soil-water-irrigation-nutrient management should be aggressively promoted to bridge the yieldgaps in most field crops. Besides this, efforts must be in place to defend the gains and to makenew gains particularly through the congruence of gene revolution, informatics revolution,management revolution and eco-technology.Many observers have expressed concern that technological gains have not occurred in anumber of crops, notably coarse cereals, pulses and in rainfed areas. Recent analysis on TFPgrowth based on cost of cultivation data does not prove this perception (Table 2). In all the 18major crops considered in the analysis, several states have recorded positive TFP growth. Thisis spread over major cereals, coarse grains, pulses, oilseeds, fibres, vegetables, etc. In mostcases, in the major producing states, rainfed crops also, showed productivity gains. There isthus strong evidence that technological change has generally pervaded the entire crop sector.There are, of course, crops and states where technological stagnation or decline is apparentand these are the priorities for present and future agricultural research. Farming systemresearch to develop location specific technologies and strategy to make grey areas green byadopting three-pronged approach - watershed management, hybrid technology and smallfarm mechanisation will accelerate growth. It is necessary to enlarge the efforts for promotingavailable dry land technologies. Promoting efficient fertiliser practices, improving soil-testingservices, strengthening distribution channel of critical inputs specially quality seed anddevelopment of physical and institutional infrastructure will help resource-poor farmers.(d) Bridging Yield Gaps: Vast untapped potential in the yield exists for all crops in most of thedistricts accounting for more than three-fourths of crop area. Emphasis must be given to thedistricts in which current yield levels are below the state average yield.For wheat we must focus mainly on Hoshangabad, Vidisha, Sehore, Raisen, Rewa, Ashoknagar,which are accounting for 68% of wheat area. Similarly Balaghat, Katni, Mandla, Seoni are thepriority districts accounting for 66% of rice area which need emphasis on bridging yield gaps toattain target demand and yield growth. For coarse cereals, major emphasis must be givenGuna, Gwalior, Ashoknagar, Betul etc. To meet the demand for pulses greater emphasis isneeded in almost all the districts with particular focus on Chhattarpur, Tikamgarh,Narsinghpur, Dindori etc. which have three-fourths of total pulse area. The target growth inpulse yield from these districts annually must be more than 6 per cent; otherwise the stateand nation will experience shortage of pulses for all times to come. The task of attaining self-sufficient in pulses production looks difficult without area expansion and irrigation. In cases of


oilseeds greater emphasis is needed on districts to increase the yield by about 4 per cent. Thepossibilities of developing processing industry for extracting edible oils from non-oilseedscommodities, like rice bran, etc, needing to be explored. The introduction of palm cultivationfor oil production may release pressure on traditional oilseeds crops to meet future edible oildemand.In case of sugarcane, political willingness of the government and research and developmentefforts are to be strengthened in the state, to increase the yields per hectare by about 4% perannum. The demand for sugar can also be met by developing mini sugar mills so thatsubstantial sugarcane production can be diverted from Khandsari to sugar production. Thismay also help release some sugarcane area to other crops. Cotton crop requires greater yieldimprovement emphasis on 81 per cent of the cotton area Khargone, Barwani and Burhanpur.(e) Climate change and Agriculture Development: Inter-Governmental Panel on ClimateChange has projected that by the end of this century, global earth temperature is likely toincrease by 1.8o to 4.0°C. This would lead to more frequent hot extremes, floods, droughts,cyclones, and recession of glaciers. Dynamics of pests and diseases would be significantlyaltered. The projected increase in these events will result in greater instability in foodproduction and will threaten farmers’ livelihood security. Producing enough food for increaseddemand against the background of changing climate scenario is a challenging task foragricultural research & development. This would require increased adaptation and mitigationresearch & development interventions, capacity-building, changes in policies, regional andnational as well as global co-operation.(f) Water for Sustainable Food Security: Madhya Pradesh just like other states will berequired to produce more and more from less and less land. This will be possible with tappingmore water resources for agriculture production.. Alarming rates of ground water depletionand serious environmental and social problems of some of the major irrigation projects on onehand, and the multiple benefits of irrigation water in enhancing production and productivity,food security, poverty alleviation, as mentioned earlier, are well known to be furtherelaborated here: In India, water availability per capita was over 5000 cubic meters (m3) perannum in 1950. It now stands at around 2000 m3 and is projected to decline to 1500 m3 by2025. Further, the quality of available water is deteriorating. Also, there are gross inequalitiesbetween basins and geographic regions.Agriculture is the biggest user of water, accounting for about 80 percent of the waterwithdrawals. There are pressures for diverting water from agriculture to other sectors. A studyhas warned that re-allocations’ of water out of agriculture can have a dramatic impact onglobal food markets. It is projected that availability of water for agricultural use in India may bereduced by 21 percent by 2020, resulting: in drop of yields of irrigated crops, especially rice,thus price rise and withdrawal of food from poor masses. Policy reforms are needed from nowto avoid the negative developments in the years to come. These reforms may include theestablishment of secure water rights to users, the decentralization and privatization of water,


management functions to appropriate levels, pricing reforms, markets in tradable propertyrights, and the introduction of appropriate water-savings technologies.The needs of other sectors for water cannot be ignored. Therefore it is necessary that anintegrated water use policy is formulated and judiciously implemented. Several internationalinitiatives on this aspect have been taken in recent years. Our state should critically examinethese initiatives and develop its state - specific system for judicious and integrated use andmanagement of water. An institution should be established to assess the various issues,regulatory concerns, water laws and legislations, research and technology development anddissemination, social mobilization and participatory and community involvement, includinggender and equity concerns and economic aspects.(g) Emphasis on Rainfed Ecosystem: Resource-poor farmers in the rainfed ecosystems practiceless-intensive agriculture, and since their incomes depend on local agriculture, they benefitlittle from increased food production in irrigated areas. To help them, efforts must beincreased to disseminate available dry land technologies and to generate new ones. It will benecessary to enlarge the efforts for promoting available dry land technologies, increasing thestock of this knowledge, and removing pro-irrigation biases in public investment andexpenditure, as well as credit flows, for technology-based agricultural growth. Watersheddevelopment for raising yields of rainfed crops and widening of seed revolution to coveroilseeds, pulses, fruits and vegetables crops.. Farming system research to develop locationspecific technologies must be intensified in the rainfed areas. Strategy to make grey areasgreen will lead to second Green Revolution, which would demand three-pronged strategy -watershed management, hybrid technology and small farm mechanisation.(h) Accent on Diversification of Agriculture and Value Addition: In the face of shrinkingnatural resources and ever increasing demand for larger food and agricultural productionarising due to high population and income growths, agricultural intensification is the maincourse of future growth of agriculture in the region. Research for product diversificationshould be yet another important area. Besides developing technologies for promotingintensification, the country must give greater attention to the development of technologiesthat will facilitate agricultural diversification particularly towards intensive production of fruits,vegetables, flowers and other high value crops that are expected to increase income growthand generate effective demand for food. The per capita availability of arable land is quite lowand declining over time. Diversification towards these high value and labour intensivecommodities can provide adequate income and employment to the farmers dependent onsmall size of farms. Due importance should be given to quality and nutritional aspects. Highattention should be given to develop post-harvest handling and agro-processing and valueaddition technologies not only to reduce the heavy post-harvest losses and also improvequality through proper storage, packaging, handling and transport. The role of biotechnologyin post-harvest management and value addition deserves to be enhanced.(i) Accent on Post-Harvest Management, Value Addition and Cost-Effectiveness: Post-harvestlosses generally range from 5 to 10 percent for non-perishables and about 30 percent for


perishables. This loss could be and must be minimized. Let us remember, a grain saved is agrain produced. Emphasis should therefore be placed to develop post-harvest handling, agro-processing and value-addition technologies not only to prevent the high losses, but also toimprove quality through proper storage, packaging, handling and transport. With the thrust onglobalization and increasing competitiveness, this approach will improve the agriculturalexport contribution of India, which is proportionately extremely low. Cost-effectiveness inproduction and post-harvest handling through the application of latest technologies will be anecessity. The agro-processing facilities should preferably be located close to the points ofproduction in rural areas, which will greatly promote off-farm employment. Such centres ofprocessing and value addition will encourage production by masses against mass production infactories located in urban areas. Agricultural cooperatives and Gram Panchayats must play aleading role in this effort. In doing so, the needs of small farmers should be kept in mind.(j) Increased corporate/Private Investment in Agriculture and Infrastructures: The publicinvestment in agriculture has been declining and is one of the main reasons behind thedeclining productivity and low capital formation in the agriculture sector. With the burden onproductivity - driven growth in the future, this worrisome trend must be reversed. Privateinvestment in agriculture has also been slow and must be stimulated through appropriatepolicies. Considering that nearly 70 percent of India still lives in villages, agricultural growthwill continue to be the engine of broad-based economic growth and development as well as ofnatural resource conservation, leave alone food security and poverty alleviation. Acceleratedinvestments are needed to facilitate agricultural and rural development through:

Productivity increasing varieties of crops, breeds of livestock, strains of microbes andefficient packages of technologies, particularly those for land and water management,for obviating biotic, a biotic, socio-economic and environmental constraints;

Yield increasing and environmentally-friendly production and post-harvests andvalue-addition technologies;

Reliable and timely availability of quality inputs at reasonable prices, institutional andcredit supports, especially for small and resource-poor farmers, and support to landand water resources development;

Effective and credible technology, procurement, assessment and transfer andextension system involving appropriate linkages and partnerships; again with anemphasis on reaching the small farmers;

Improved institutional and credit support and increased rural employmentopportunities, including those through creating agriculture-based rural agro-processingand agro-industries, improved rural infrastructures, including access to information,and effective markets, farm to market roads and related infrastructure;

Particular attention to the needs and participation of women farmers; and


Primary educations, health care, clean drinking water, safe sanitation, adequatenutrition, particularly for children (including through mid-day meal at schools) andwomen.

The above investments will need to be supported through appropriate policies that donot discriminate against agriculture and the rural poor. Given the increasing role ofsmall farmers in food security and poverty alleviation, development efforts must begeared to meet the needs and potential of such farmers through their activeparticipation in the growth process.

Government should facilitate and support community level action by private voluntaryorganizations, including farmers groups aimed at improving food security, reducingpoverty, and assuring sustainability in the management of natural resources. Inaddition, governments should enhance efforts to ensure good nutrition and access tosufficient food for all through primary health care and education for all.

Increased attention will also have to be given to development of sustainable systemsthat protect the natural resource base. Recent evidence of resource degradation anddeclining productivity in some intensively cropped areas is of particular concern. Alsopopulation driven intensification of agriculture without the use of external inputs, isleading to a serious problem of mining soil fertility

Mobilize the best of science and development efforts (including traditional knowledgeand modern scientific approach) through partnerships involving national andinternational research institutions, NGOs, farmers' organizations and private sector inorder to tackle the present and future problems of food security and production.

Donors and Government must urgently increase funding for agricultural researchtargeted at the needs of the rural and urban poor, and every effort must be made toensure the free flow of information, technology and germplasm so that a propersustainable agriculture can be achieved.

(k) Accent on Empowering the Small Farmers: Contributions of small holders in securingfood for growing population have increased considerably even though they are mostinsecure and vulnerable group in the society. The off-farm and non-farm employmentopportunities can play an important role. Against expectation under the liberalizedscenario, the non-agricultural employment in rural areas has not improved. Greateremphasis needs to be placed on non-farm employment and appropriate budgetaryallocations and rural credit through banking systems should be in place to promoteappropriate rural enterprises. Specific human resource and skill development programmesto train them will make them better decision-makers and highly productive. Humanresource development for increasing productivity of these small holders should get highpriority. Thus, knowledge and skill development of rural people both in agriculture andnon-agriculture sectors is essential for achieving economic and social goals. A carefulbalance will therefore need to be maintained between the agricultural and non-agricultural


employment and farm and non-farm economy, as the two sectors are closely inter-connected. Raising agricultural productivity requires continuing investments in human resource

development, agricultural research and development, improved information andextension, market, roads and related infrastructure development and efficient small-scale, farmer-controlled irrigation technologies, and custom hiring services. Suchinvestments would give small farmers the options and flexibility to adjust and respondto market conditions.

For poor farm-households whose major endowment is its labour force, economicgrowth with equity will give increased entitlement by offering favourable markets forits products and more employment opportunities. Economic growth if not managedsuitably, can lead to growing inequalities. Agrarian reforms to alleviate unequal accessto land, compounded by unequal access to water, credit, knowledge and markets, havenot only rectified income distribution but also resulted in sharp increases inproductivity and hence need to be adopted widely. Further, targeted measures thatnot only address the immediate food and health care requirements of disadvantagedgroups, but also provide them with developmental means, like access to inputs,infrastructure, services and most important, education should be taken.

Identification of need-based productive programs is very critical, which can be exploredthrough characterisation of production environment. We have to develop demand-driven and location-specific programs to meet the requirements of different regions tomeet the nutritional security of most vulnerable population in the rural areas.Improved agricultural technology, irrigation, livestock sector and literacy will be mostimportant instruments for improving the nutritional security of the farm-households.Watershed development and water saving techniques will have far reachingimplications in increasing agricultural production and raising calorie intake in therainfed areas. Livestock sector should receive high priority with multiple objectives ofdiversifying agriculture, raising income and meeting the nutritional security of the poorfarm households. Need based and location-specific community programs, whichpromise to raise nutritional security, should be identified and effectively implemented.Expansion of micro credit programmes for income-generation activities, innovativeapproaches to promote family planning and providing primary health services topeople and livestock and education should enhance labour productivity and adoptionof new technologies. Development of the post-harvest sector, co-operatives, roads,education, and research and development should be an investment priority. Acongenial policy environment is needed to enable smaller holders to take theadvantage of available techniques of production, which can generate more incomesand employment in villages. For this poor farmer needs the support of necessaryservices in the form of backward and forward linkages. Small-mechanised tools, whichminimise drudgery and do not reduce employment, but only add value to the working


hours are needed to enhance labour productivity. Special safety nets should bedesigned and implemented for them. Can agricultural co-operatives internalise andgalvanize these marginal and excluded people? Off-farm employment providedthrough co-operatives will go a long way in pulling them out of the state where povertybreeds poverty. Therefore, investment in the empowerment of the small landholderswill pay off handsomely. Let us create rural centres of production and processing bymasses through co-operatives or empowerment of Gram Panchayats to promote co-operatives. This will improve efficiency of input and output marketing and give higherincome. There is need to disseminate widely post-harvest handling and agro-processingand value addition technologies not only to reduce the heavy post-harvest losses butalso improve quality through proper storage, packaging, handling and transport.Panchayati Raj institutions and co-operatives can play significant role in all thesedirections. Giving them power over the administration, as contemplated under the 73rd

and 74th Amendment of the Constitution has not been implemented seriously so far inany of the states.

(l) Disaster Management: The frequency and intensity of disasters such as floods, droughts,cyclones and earthquakes have increased in the recent years. The devastating earthquake inGujarat has brought untold miseries to the whole state and caused a national disaster.

Special effort should be made to develop appropriate technologies for increasingpreparedness to predict and to manage the disasters.

Effective and reliable information and communication systems, contingency planningand national and international mobilization of technologies and resources are a must.

Experiences of other countries in prevention and management of the disasters shouldbe shared.

(m) Exploiting Cyberspace: Information is power and will underpin future progress andprosperity. Efforts must be made to strengthen the informatics in agriculture by developingnew databases, linking databases with international databases and adding value toinformation to facilitate decision making at various levels. Development of production modelsfor various agro-ecologically regimes to forecast the, production potential should assumegreater importance. Using the remote sensing and GIS technologies, Natural and otheragricultural resource should be mapped at micro and macro levels and effectively used for landand water use planning as well as agricultural forecasting, market intelligence and e-business’,contingency planning and prediction of disease and pest incidences.


Chapter V

Development of Agriculture Sector

5.00- Madhya Pradesh is endowed with varying climatic condition soil and diverse croppingpattern as its natural base has done significant progress and development in Agriculture andallied sector. The constraints and development issues were identified and many of them haveincluded in the plan and these were implemented with ongoing schemes, Further as a naturalprocess another set of constraints have been brought to light These as required interventionshave been listed and recommended for further activities.5.1 Issue of Agriculture sectorThe issue of agriculture sector can be summarized as under

Agriculture holdings are small and marginal in nature Grossed cropped area is rainfed. Vagaries of Monsoon and frequent natural calamities Declining trend of not area sown Large turn off of rain water and Soil erosion Depletion of ground water Increase in fallow land Deterioration of soil health Over use of chemical fertilizer & depletion of organic matter Inadequate moisture in later part when needed most for agriculture Agriculture lacks crop diversification Use of HYP& Hybrid seed and seed placement rate is inadequate. Need of improved varieties with drought resistant genotype Dissemination and transfer of agril. technology is inadequate Less Mechanization Tribal population with marginal & small farmers having low investment capacity Rural credit system not conducive for high tech agriculture Delayed access of rural credit from organized Banking sector Having large proportion of fallows and waste land & fodder shortage Need for augmentation & promoting of rational use of surface and ground water Need of timely supply of agri. Inputs

5.2 On-going SchemesThe different broad based schemes having latest trend of interventions are beingimplemented with Center and State finances and assistance. The following listed Missions &Schemes are implemented for increasing productivity of different crops and cropping system.


The subsidies and other benefits included in these Missions & schemes are passed on to thefarmers for achieving the trend of higher productivityThe schemes sponsored by the State and Central Governments as implemented by theDepartment of Agriculture in Madhya Pradesh are given in below.

a) Missions and Schemes of Centre sectorSchemes of Centre sector

1. National Food Security Mission comprising rice, wheat and pulses(mfsm)2. National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil Palm (NMOOP)3. Rashtriya Krishi Vikas yojana RKVY4. Bundelkhand Drought Mitigation Package5. National Mission on sustainable Agriculture6. Sub Mission on Rainfed area development7. Sub mission on soil health Management8. Sub Mission on Farm water Management9. Mini Mission on Technology on cotton10. Mission on climate change and sustainable agriculture monitoring modeling and net

work11. National Mission on Agriculture extension and technology (NMAET)12. Sub Mission on agriculture Extension ( ATMA)13. Seed Village Schemes14. National e governance Plan15. Sub Mission on seed planting material16. National Agriculture Development Yojana (RKVY )17. Drilling of Tube wells18. Subsidy on Certified Seed Distribution19. Assistance By Agriculture Deptt. to Patta Darak Schedule Tribes cultivators20. 20.Project for Agriculture Development for Ancient Schedule Tribes (under RKVY)21. National Project on Organic Farming .22. Subsidy to cultivators for Sprinkler, Drip & Pipeline for cultivators( NMSA)23. 23.National e- governance Project in Agriculture24. 24.Strengthneing and Infrastructure Development of SEED Sector

b) The Schemes under State Sector1. Balram Tal Yojana2. Minor Irrigation (Tube well)3. MP Water Resource Department Schemes (MPNSRP)4. Soil Health Patrak5. Subsidy on Bullock cart6. Information & Communication support Agriculture Production Program


7. Information Technology in Agriculture8. Suraj Dhara Schme9. Annpurna Yojana10. National Agriculture Insurance Scheme11. Strengthening Of Machine Tractor Station12. Staff Training for Agriculture Engineering Directorate13. Subsidy on Bullock cart.14. .Chief Minister Farmer Trith Yojona15. Participation of women in Madhya Pradesh Agriculture (Mapwa)16. Mera khet-meri Mati Up- yojana17. Mukhya Mantri Kisan Videsh Addhyan yojana18. .State Institute of Agriculture Extention & Training(SIAET)

c) New Schemes1. Organic cultivation in MP2. New fertilizer & Seed Quality Laboratory3. Project On Agro Climatic Zones of MP4. State Micro Irrigation Mission5. Krishi Mitra Training Programme6. Kaushal Vikas Training Programm7. Soil Health Card8. Strengthening and Infrastructure Development of Seed Sector9. Training Programme for Krishak Mitra10.National e-Governance in Agriculture11.Scheme for Promotion of Farm Mechanization12.Interest & Compensation on Storage of Fertilizer

d) Special Programme1. Schedule Cast and Schedule Tribes up yojana2. Quality Improvement of inputs3. Seed Quality Control4. Fertilizers Quality Control5. Pesticides Quality Control6. Farm Development7. Advance arrangements of fertilizers8. Broadcasting of Hallo Gram Shaba9. Publication of Technical Knowledge10. Karmachari Kalyan Prakost

Table 5.1 Productivity Level of different crops in Madhya Pradesh


The Analysis of the productivity of the last four years with this gives the analysis as followsCrop Production( Lakh tone) 2011-12Paddy( Rice) 22.80Wheat 145.44Jowar 5.47Bajara 3.91

Maize 13.24Other Cereals 2.26Total Cereals 193.12Moong 0.20Urid 1.63Tuar 3.38Gram 28.45Other Pulses 3.51Total Pulses 37.17Total Food Grains 230.29Soybean 64.97Ground nut 3.74Mustard Rai 7.90Linseed 0.47Other oilseeds 1.90

Total Oilseeds 79.98Sugar Cane

( Jiggery)1.97

Cotton(Lakh Bales) 11.64

The cereal viz Wheat Maize and Paddy plays an important role in providing foodsecurity to the People of Madhya Pradesh. Wheat production saw a growth of 145-44(2011-12) from 92.27 (2010-11). (Lakh tonne).This could be achieved throughincreasing area under wheat and grown under rain fed,/ partially irrigated andcorrecting the imbalance in adopting various technical innovations

Similar Growth rate is observed in Maize and Paddy, a comparison of Rice productivity1413kg/ha(2011-12)from1182 kg/ha during 2010-11,maize

Jowar production has continuously seeing a negative growth rate during last fiveyears.This is mainly due of not using the technical intervention such as varietal seedand fertilization. This crop is primarily grown in districts of Rajgarh, Betul,Guna,Dewas,Burhanpur, Khandwa, Dhar, Tikamgarh Chhattarpur and Rewa

Gram is showing a growing trend of production during the year 2011-12 from 2010-11due to technical intervention like Integrated Pest Management. The districts likeJabalpur. Sager, Indore Ujjain and Gwalior have quite good area under this crop

Soybean the yellow gold of MP which has shown higher growth rate of areaincrease(55.52 lakh ha to57.86 lakh ha)whereas in production crop suffers due


excessive rains during growth and flowering Stage- late in the season. This is due totechnical intervention of not covering the area during rainy season with suitableintercultural and IPM measures

a) Seeing the above trend of production, the contribution of Madhya Pradesh Agricultureaided crop production significantly at the national level by the technical interventions inagriculture extension and development infrastructure which helped the state economy toachieve high rate of growth in recent past. The challenge is to sustain the momentum. Beingcognizant of the fact that double digit growth rate year after year in this sector is difficult toachieve, this challenge lays the need in extending its reach to the Farmers for further benefitsby opening new projects for diversification, value addition and increasing the efficiency forthe higher productivity.b) The existing interventions are further observed during course of action and recommended

for augmenting the productivity of the crops and achieving the desired growth rate of fourpercent in agriculture. These are summarized as under:Agriculture practices and crop productivity enhancement:-Enhance production & productivity level to sustain high growth in Production;-Production andproductivity shall be enhanced through better soil health management, strengthening thenetwork for timely availability of inputs Integrated pest management’ and Integrated nutrientmanagement, with modernizing the extension services with strategy for development ofMechanization for small farms Especial emphasis for Integrated rice productivity improvementprogramme (IRPIP) and pulse developmentc) Expanding the access of farmers for supply of Inputs by Cooperatives Societies which are tobe strengthened and professionally upgraded. The private sector participation is to beenhanced with regulatory measures for assuring quality and assured after sales services

Use of improved seed, INM, IPM and new machinery for cultivation of paddy, Propagation of rice seed production and distribution by subsidy Integrated development of major food crops viz., paddy, maize, groundnut,

gingerly and sunflower. Strengthening of soil testing and pesticide testing laboratories Soil and its Development Seed Technology Integration of farmers and farmer groups in seed multiplication and seed processing

along with godowning. Distribution of Hybrid seed, micronutrient mixture, greenmanure seeds and Organizing maize marketing group

Hybrid seed distribution for major crops Provision of certified seeds at subsidized rate to replace the seeds of farmers choice

which is low yielder Hybrid rice seed production and distribution on subsidy


Strengthening of soil testing and pesticide testing laboratories Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) & Integrated Pest Management(IPM) Enriched FYM preparation and demonstration and Activities related to enhancement of

soil health INM and IPM in pulses INM and IPM in Oilseeds Biological Control of pest -Pheromone trap distribution for rhinoceros beetle Integrated Soil Management Strengthening of soil testing and pesticide testing laboratories Strengthening infrastructure facilities in State Seed Farm and Problem soil

management by adopting reclamation methods Dry farming techniques Provision of community thrashing floor Distribution Distribution of micronutrient mixture Distribution of paddy transplanter and power thresher Distribution of gypsum Distribution of water soluble inorganic fertilizer Strengthening of Parasite Breeding Stations Organic Farming. Improving the use of organics and bio fertilizers and Enhancing the production and

productivity of the crops Production of maize, pulses, groundnut, (rained and irrigated) Promotion of SRI – Distribution of marker, transplanter and cono weeder Precision farming by sprinkler High yielding and high quality varieties of paddy Improving soil health and crop nutrition Plant protection intensification Technological innovation Development of varieties and management practices for salinity and alkalinity Cultivation of high value crops under precision farming Establishing seed processing unit in State seed farm Exposure visit to officers / inside /

outside the country and. Distribution of water soluble inorganic fertilizer and Strengthening of Parasite Breeding

Stations Certified seed production and distribution Assistance for vermi compost production Distribution of phenomenon trap for red palm weevil control


Strengthening state seed farms, Parasite Breeding Station, Soil Testing Laboratories and pesticide testing laboratories Increasing the productivity of sorghum, black gram (Urid), green gram(Moong) and

horse gram Gram) Grant to certified seed production and distribution Massive Rat eradication campaign in village Up gradation of existing seed processing units Maximizing crop productivity in dry lands Precision farming in agricultural crops Farm mechanization to reduce the cost of cultivation Distribution of hybrid seeds in maize, Wheat and cotton Distribution of green manure seeds in paddy Distribution of gypsum for groundnut Production of foundation and certified seeds Improving existing seed processing units Distribution of bio-pesticides / weedicides Distribution of improved farm machinery and Distribution of hybrid cotton seeds Seed subsidy for trap crops viz. maize, cowpea, sunflower Distribution of gypsum for soil reclamation Distribution of seed treatment chemical Distribution of combine harvester / rice transplanter, drum seeder, cono Weeder, SRI

marker @ 75% subsidy farmers training in running and maintenance of farmmachinery

Seed Technology for cereals ,pulses Supply of quality certified seeds at nominal cost Distribution of bio-fertilizers Hybrid seed distribution for maize (Rainfed and sunflower) Quality seed development and production Nutritional management. Precision farming in groundnut and Establishment of agri-clinic and other extension

activities Distribution of green manure seeds and nutrient mixture Precision farming for pulse crops Assistance to vermi compost unit Distribution of MN mixture, micro nutrients, gypsum and green manure seeds Supply of implements at subsidized prices Distribution of hybrid sunflower mini-kits Distribution of Soil Health Cards Distribution of Micro Nutrient Mixture Distribution of Tarpaulin.


Increasing productivity with minimum usage of water

(b) Extension International visits by farmers and Technocrats to study the advanced production

techniques and dissemination of such cultivation practices (including Hybrid rice, SRI)at all .

Establishment of model farms to demonstrate latest technologies Exposure visit of farms – Interstate / Intrastate Organizing district level exhibitions / kissan melas Farmers field school for Rat control publicity and training Transfer of technology and Human resource development Supply of machines and equipments and Scaling up extension activities Extension activities Use of machinery like power tiller, paddy planter, and paddy

harvester. Video facilities at district headquarters Strengthening of Government Farms Exposure visit to farmers and officials and Quality

seed materials and encouragement to produce adequate quantity of OrganizingTraining Programmes, District Level Workshops and Inter State.

Exposure visit to inside / outside the state for officers Establishment of village knowledge centers Establishment of Krishi Gyan Kendra and Farmers Resource centre in the state Up gradation of farmers training centers Farmers field school for training in IPM technology Farmers exposure visits within the state and outside the state Exposure visit / officials

to MANAGE / ICRISAT Hybderabad, IARI, New Delhi Successful NGOs Introduction of multi-purpose traces in community / private and Capacity building to

officials / stake holders Organizing farmers training / extension workers training and Crop diversification Strengthening the support system of agricultural extension machinery Establishment of automatic weather stations Establishment of Agri-clinics-cum-mini soil testing labs. Establishing agri-clinics-cum-mini soil testing laboratories Assistance to agri-preneurs for setting up agri clinics / agri business centres. Technology demonstration Organizing micronutrients demonstration Extension activities Organic farming system (c) Market development Market led extension of Agriculture Commodities


Establishment of market intelligence cell in regulated market and Seed production anddistribution subsidy for SHGs

Construction of rural godowns. Establishment of cold storage unit for chillies & other Capacity building of the farmers

and other agencies for its use. Incentive for seed production to self-help-group Strengthening of extension activities and Developing marketing infrastructure

Technology adoption Assistance to agri-preneurs for setting up agri business centres.

(d) Horticultural development Subsidy for tree climber for harvesting coconut Seed minikit of new high yielding varieties Establishment of cold storage unit for chilies & other Capacity building of the farmers

and Establishing coconut nursery state seed farms

(e) Land and water development Land development measures with technology and credit facilities Wasteland development programmes with active participation of local Community. Preparation of land resources interventions and GIS data base In situ water harvesting through farm pond cluster Recharging ground water using old and new bore wells Digging farm ponds Water budgeting and water-use efficiency

Special projects on harnessing and conservation of water resources and Farm mechanizationReclamation of soil and water resources affected by water logging and(f) Others

Establishing solar fencing for stray animals Establishment of prosophin bio fuel units Establishment of community fodder plots by SHGs / FIGs Distribution of Solar Pumps on Subsidy Establishment of Solar Pump on Govt Farms and Stat Krishi Tirth,

.


CHAPTER – VI

DEVELOPMENT OF ALLIED SECTORS

The focus of the plan is to bring about economic development and improve the quality ofpublic services with emphasis on the poor and the marginal farmer. In this regard, carefulplanning is essential to achieve integration across sectors associated with agricultural sector. Inwhat follows, a brief account of issues, ongoing schemes, constraints and interventionsrecommended in horticulture, agricultural engineering, agricultural marketing and agri.business, animal husbandry, fisheries and irrigation systems are presented.

6.1 Horticulture SectorThe horticulture sector in Madhya Pradesh has seen a drastic upward trend of new projectstaken up for the benefit of farmers with the many fold increase in investment in thebeginning of 11th five year plan.

6.1.1 IssuesRaising orchards and vegetables is a high investment proposition and many farmers with poorresource-base are unable to take up cultivation of horticultural crops Immediate post-harvestglut slashes down the unit prices and erodes the profit of the farmers Highly perishable natureof horticultural products and lack of adequate cold storage facilities at cheaper costHorticultural crops are high-tech oriented and many farmers lack knowledge of the same;Long gestation period from planting to economic bearing of fruit trees Seasonal aberrationsdue to erratic monsoonal behaviour affects the crop yields drastically Highly fluctuating pricesand slashing down of prices to the lowest level especially during harvest season Lack ofappropriate transport mechanisms and remoteness of production centres result in hugetransportation cost Non-availability of adequate farm labourers especially during harvestseasons pose a major threat to the farmers for marketing hort. Produce and ill developedcold chain system also result in huge spoilage of raw fruits and Vegetables.6.1.3 Constraints

High investment cost right from sowing/planting to harvesting time Long gestation period for getting the produce Lack of knowledge of normal / High tech Horticulture farming system & lack of

involvement of farmers Non-availability of good quality seeds and planting materials and Lack of awareness among farmers on the profitability of horticultural crops.

Interventions Recommended


Extension and Dissemination of Technology in Horticulture crop High tech Extension for integrated Nutrients/Pest Management of Horticulture crops Provision of Poly Houses/ Net house structure; Development Plan for existing nursery on modern lines Nursery / vegetable production by latest germination and sapling raising techniques Development of micro irrigation system like Drip. Sprinkler Model Fertigation plan for vegetables & fruit crops with Drip Irrigation Installation of Solar energy Based Irrigation System Development of Root stock and Horti. Varieties by tissue culture technology; Pandal for vegetable production; Development of Cold Storage Infrastructure Dissemination of cold storage technique of different Horticulture crops. Distribution of Horticulture Inputs viz Plastic crates (Banana, & Vegetables); Bore well with casing pipe; Banana Cultivation with covering latest technique of Banana bunch cover & Banana

sucker treatment kit; Humic acid and its role in soil quality and Plant growth Support System for crops like; Banana; Sales outlet-cum-information centre; District level farmers workshop /Horti. Mela,s; Setting of farmers Producer organisation /associations in Districts Interstate( National) exposure visit (5days); International exposure visit. 10 Ha Mega demo plot for the district showing broad based Horti. Technique Dissemination technique to Enterprising farmers Support for Betel vine growers; Promotion of Aganwadi programm with stress on Horti. crops

6.2 Agricultural Engineering6.2.1 Issues

Farmers are still unaware about profit of mechanised farming Peak seasonal operations and scarcity of labour promote ample opportunities for

hastening the process of farm mechanization. Water and soil conservation works are to be intensified especially in dry land tracts There exists vast scope for the development of water harvesting structures and Farmers need training in the up-keep of the machineries and implements Practice like broadcasting method of sowing ,poor quality of farmers held seed, of deep

ploughing6.2.2 Constraints

Heavy investment requirement for agricultural machineries, implements and tools


Usage of machineries for seasonal operations only makes individual ownership of costlymachines uneconomical.

Exorbitant rental charges charged by the custom service providers Timely non-availability of machine Inadequate repairing facilities / workshop with trained manpower in rural areas of the

state Lack of rural infrastructure facilities related to farm mechanisation. Lack of skill development facilities for rural youth and farmers

6.2.3 Interventions Recommended Popularisation of Agricultural mechanisation through training, demonstration and field

visits employing conventional and latest communication technology. Introduction of mechanisation technologies to address problems and need of state

agriculture Development and strengthening of rural infrastructure facilities in area of farm

mechanisation through creation of custom hiring centres rural workshop servicecentres and skill development Training centres and providing incentive for establishingfacilities for mechanization activities

Promotion of Line sowing machineries for line sowing in cotton Maize, Soybean paddycrops etc.

Distribution of agriculture implements and machineries on subsidy to farmers Promoting the concept of mechanised villages. Special schemes for the beneficiaries of land reforms – Innovative Scheme for

mechanisation with special focus in SC, ST & marginal land holding. Introduction of newly developed Agricultural machinery / Implements for Innovative

water harvesting structures Establishment of high tech custom hiring system Control of water intrusion in non cropped area belt High tech Mechanization Training to the farmers Organisation of Skill development Training centre at base level Rural Mechanisation utilisation and awareness camps with schemes formulated for

SC,ST & small Farmers.6.3 Agricultural Marketing and Agril business6.3.1 Issues

Dominance of unorganized non-formal channels Institutional innovation for efficient alterative system responsive to market signals Developing wholesale markets by providing necessary facilities Prevention of wastage at pre-harvest and post-harvest levels Construction of roads linking villages with nearby assembling and wholesale markets Encouraging private investment in revamping agricultural marketing


Developing commodity exchanges Prior knowledge on post-harvest management, value addition and processing among

the farmers and Strengthening of marketing Intelligence and Information system6.3.2. Constraints

Lack of proper and adequate storage facilities at farm level Exploitation of farmers by the middleman High seasonal fluctuations in prices of major agricultural commodities Market information and intelligence activities are still in its infancy Regulated markets in many districts are yet to improve their functional efficiency Cooperative marketing system is yet to develop in a big way and Lack of adequate processing infrastructure

6.3.3. Lack of marketing network nearer to the farmers field Storage capacity lower than the Horti. Produce for safe storage Lack of post Harvest management infrastructure like storage, cold storage and cold

chains . Cold storage and refrigerated transport capacity is not up to state of art technology Existing rural infrastructure is far from adequate Grading at primary level is grossly inadequate

6.3.4. Interventions Recommended Establishment of Farmers community with the awareness of the use of agril machinery Development of marketing infrastructure such as Road, Cold storage Horti grading

plants and of latest technology available Establishment/ organization of commodity groups for marketing in the state with

financial assistance from NADP Facilitation of Contract Farming between farmers and bulk buyers in the state with

financial assistance from NADP with dispute settlement mechanism Dissemination of Market intelligence Arrangement of Buyers - Sellers Meet Organizing the exposure visits to important markets within the state and outside the

state by commodity groups / farmers and extension functionaries and Strengthening of market extension centre at each district/ block level for capacity

building and dissemination of marketing information

6.4. Animal Husbandry6.4.1 Issues

The demand and supply gap of green fodder is very wide and needs to be minimized Diminishing pasture / grazing lands and their poor quality management Lack of knowledge on balanced feeding of animal especially cross breed cows and on

supplementary micro nutrients


Infertility problem among cross-bred cows and low/delayed conception amongbuffaloes

Heifer rearing on scientific lines Scientific calf rearing to avoid calf mortality Lack of adequate genetically superior male breeder and buck Non availability of superior Rams and bucks Popularization of rabbit farming and Japanese animal farming (quakes / ducks) Strengthening of veterinary institutions Need for wider coverage of Dairy cooperatives across the state Inadequate liquid milk processing, milk chilling, milk product manufacturing and

marketing facilities Improved infrastructure for collection transportation handling and cold chain facilities Strengthening the milk marketing network Prevalence of milk adulteration menace in certain areas Need for strict enforcement of FSSAI regulations

6.4.2. Ongoing Schemes of Animal Husbandry SectorLivestock rearing is an important economic activity for the rural people. It generates morevalue both economically and socially. The growth in human population, availability and cost ofagricultural lands, limited water sources and introduction of better yielding livestock have ledfarmers to shift to some kind of livestock rearing to earn their livelihood. Hence to provideemployment, to enhance the participation of the poor in livestock rearing and as a part ofpoverty alleviation programmes, the Department is implementing various livestock orientedschemes.The interventions by the department in the area are:

Delivery of veterinary services and breeding support to livestock reared by farmers inuntapped areas by establishing Veterinary Units,thus utilising the services ofunemployed veterinary graduates

Improving the quality in delivery of veterinary services and diagnosis by strengtheningthe essential and needy infrastructure of veterinary institutions

Utilising the high-yielding frozen semen straws for artificial insemination. Increasing the availability of green fodder by bringing more area under fodder

cultivation. Ensuring total health care and improving the conception rate by conducting Infertility

cum total health care camps and distribution of mineral mixture, and Improving theknow-how level of farmers on best animal husbandry practices / techniques byconducting various information, education, communication.

6.4.3. Constraints Heavy shortage of fodder Non-availability of good pedigree herds


Larger distance to dispensaries / hospitals Ignorance of farmers on quality milk production Lack of knowledge among farmers on scientific calf rearing. Sudden Outbreaks of epidemic diseases Lack of adequate grazing lands / areas and Non-availability of organized markets for

selling the animals.6.4.4 Interventions RecommendedThe interventions recommended are Automation of Milk processing Plants with largerhandling capacities Augmentation of fodder production through SHGs / women entrepreneurs.

Supply of by-pass protein feed to the milch animals Strengthening of veterinary institutions with basic facilities Need conversion of District level veterinary Hospitals into Polyclinics Buffalo calf development programme Control of parasitic diseases through treatment to enhance vaccine response Popularizing mineral mixture to improve livestock production Disaster management Renovation of existing veterinary dispensaries Diseases Investigation with latest diagnostic Instruments Improved breeding of indigenous cattle and buffalo calf development programme Establishment of model livestock village for educating farmers and Improvement of

livestock health for cattle, sheep, goat and poultry Extension activities Genetic up gradation for bovines and small ruminants Genetic up gradation for cattle ,buffalos, sheep, goat, poultry and pigs Strengthening and expansion of Milk processing, milk drying, milk product

manufacturing and marketing network facilities Establishing of Quality Control Labs Solar Water Heating system at Dairy Plant and

Chilling centre Establishment of new and expansion of existing cattle feed plant capacities Establishment of new and revival of defunct milk cooperatives Automatic Milk

Collection Units, DPMCUs, Milk testing facilities at primary level milk cooperatives Installation of Bulk milk coolers and expansion of cold chain facilities Strengthening of training centres for milk farmers orientation Extension facilities for livestock farming Strengthening of buffaloes breeding farm Strengthening of pig breeding Improvement of livestock health for cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, poultry and pigs Feed and fodder development for cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, poultry, pig and others


PC based automatic milk collection stations to IDF villages / milk producers cooperativesocieties and Semi intensive sheep / goat farming to improve meat production by SHGs

Infrastructure improvement of veterinary institution Establishment of AIDU along with mobile veterinary diagnostic laboratories. Semi-intensive goat farming to supply germ plasm by SHGs Identification and traceability of Breed- able bovine population Supply of ELISA kits to PDDL to establish NAI free poultry farms Strengthening of infrastructure for sheep and goat at VC & RI, to distribute germ plasm Establishing model livestock villages for educating farmers and establishment of value

added symbiotic and conventional dairy food manufacturing unit cum instructionaldairy plant.

Distribution of bucks and rams Animal intelligence unit for health cover Identification and traceability of bovines Revival of dormant milk producers co-operative societies and Milk weighing machine to

milk producers cooperative societies Processing facilities for cattle and buffalo Milk and Mobile input units Portable milking machines for farmers Farmers study tour Skill development for technical staff and Establishment of training centre for capacity

building Identification and traceability of breedable bovine population Semi-intensive goat farming to supply germplasm by SHGs Supply of by-pass protein feed to the milch animals at 50 per cent subsidized cost Supplementation of mineral mixture to prevent infertility and augment production to

farmers Bulk and walk-in milk protein Strengthening of veterinary institution with basic facilities and Semi-intensive sheep /

goat farming to improve meat production by SHGs. Establishment of mobile veterinary clinics in each Block Processing facilities and Extension facilities for cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat and poultry. Identification and traceability of breedable bovines Establishment of Animal Disease Intelligence Unit Supply of stall-fed goat units to SHGs Sensitization of public on dairy activities Product production and delivery facilities Operational efficiency improvement for dairying Establishment of livestock and poultry entrepreneurship development complex


Improving the productivity of the sheep through introduction of exotic germplasm Supply of mineral mixture to milch animals at subsidized price Eradication of infertility in animal Provision to create Travis & sheds for extension of veterinary services in rural areas. Establishing of Bio technical Centre for improvement of Livestock in M.P. Need for Survey Need for indigenous cattle research for development Center Establishment of Diversified large scale Animals clinic Strengthening of Instruments & equipments with latest technology Conservation & improvement in the indigenous breed of cattle & buffaloe using A.R.T.

(ETT). Establishment & strengthening of modern livestock farms. Strengthening of Production, storage & distribution system of LN2 to maintain the cold-

chain. Strengthening the supply & distribution system and replacement of breeding in-put. Strengthening of Central Semen Station & Semen Banks. Development of infrastructure & necessary support for enhancing the milk production

through breeding & feeding & management. Calf rearing of bovine for breeding bulls & heifers. Support for increasing the breeding coverage through A.I. and natural services. Support for A.I. monitoring programme and field performance recording. Strengthening & expansion of milk processing capacity of M.P.C.D.F. Strengthening of the services & coverage of livestock health. Production of quality feed & fodder.

6.5. Fisheries Sector6.5.1. Issues

Socio-economic up liftmen of the fisher men and fisher women Improvement of processing infrastructure facilities Development of cold / refrigerated / insulated transport facilities Development of retailing services and retail points Provision of fishing gadgets at subsidized prices Training of farmers venturing into fish farming and Training to the fisher-folk on

scientific fish farming Sustainable fish production Strengthening infrastructural facilities for fish landing Reduction of post-harvest losses Encouragement of integrated fish farming, cage farming and several leg fish Farming

and Production of artificial reefs6.5.2. Constraints


Lack of adequate and appropriate infrastructural facilities in catching and landing Lack of adequate necessary facilities Lack of awareness and interest among majority of the farmers in taking up fish farming Seasonal water availability in the inland water bodies and Inadequate marketing

infrastructure including retail outlets. 6.5.3. Interventions Recommended The interventions recommended are as follows. Repair and renovation of fish seed farm Creation of additional nursery space Farmers training for capacity building and Establishment of fish culture and post

harvest technology Expansion of fish culture in hitherto unutilized water bodies Subsidy assistance to private fish seed rearing and Moped-cum-insulated ice box for

fish marketing. Seed stocking in open waters Marketing value added product Training programme on advanced technologies Assessment of productivity for enhancing fish production Breeding of

ornamental fishes Ornamental Fish Park and Training fish farmers. Supply of fishing implements Setting of modern retail outlet for fish and Supply of moped with ice box for fish

marketing Development of post harvest infrastructure in selected landing centres Culture for fish rearing Creation of farm ponds desilting of tanks Establishment of endemic ornamental fish culture unit River ranching and Farmers training 50% subsidy to ornamental fish cultures Establishing rural herbal nursery units for SHG women solar powered units Introduction of modern fishing fleet to help the off shore resources Artificial rocks and sustain / retain the existing infrastructure facility for aquaculture Setting up of modern fish stall and establishment of fish culture and post harvest

technology demonstration unit. Subsidy assistance to private fish seed rearing / fish seed production and Repairs to existing rearing nurseries & government fish seed farms Development of artificial fish habitats


Infrastructure development for modern market Fishermen training and Expansion of fish culture by streaking fingerlings. Creation of additional nursery space for fish seed production Supply of fish seeds at 50 per cent subsidy Introduction of fish culture in cages with 90 per cent subsidy Supply of fishing implements with 90 per cent subsidy Development of landing centre with 100 per cent grant Introduction of new economic cultivable species Use of fish feed in Fish culture Use of micronutrients & eco friendly scientific formulation for fish health management Setting up of modern fish stall Use of micronutrients & eco friendly scientific Expansion of fish culture in unutilized water bodies by stocking fingerlings. To sustain / retain the existing infrastructure facilities for aquaculture Infrastructure development to conserve the endangered native fish Capacity building of fish farmers and Establishment of water and soil testing laboratory Modernization of mechanized fishing vessels Modernization of traditional fishing vessels Development of sperm bank for production of quality fish seeds Production of transgenic fish Fisheries bio-diversity reference unit for conservation and Resource mapping of marine

and inland fisheries. Establishment of wholesale markets Development of market strategies for fish. Extension facilities Complete renovation of old department fish seed farm with infrastructure facility Subsidy assistance to private fish seed rearing units and Repair of existing fish seed

rearing ponds and creation of additional rearing space for landing centre. Development of ornamental fish and Algal culture unit and Demonstration. 50 percent subsidy assistance to provide fish seed / fish seed production Creation of additional fish rearing facilities Expansion of fish culture in hither to unutilized water bodies by stocking and Modern

fish retail outlet (50 percent subsidy).6.6. Agricultural Credit6.6.1. Credit Disbursement

Government of India, State Government, Reserve Bank of India and NABARD have taken a number of steps and policy measures for the growth and development of

Agriculture and Rural sectors. Besides, they have introduced several innovations in


Agricultural Credit flow system to augment access of the rural people to the bankingsystem. Some of the important policy measures / innovations are outlined below:

Policy Innovations of Government of India: Agricultural Debt Waiver (For Small Farmers / Marginal Farmers) and Debt Relief (for other Farmers) Scheme covering direct Agricultural Credit; Short Term Crop Loans continued to be disbursed at five per cent with interest

subvention; National Agricultural Insurance Scheme (NAIS) to continue in the present form for

Kharif and Rabi 2008-09. Adoption of concept of Total Financial Inclusion (TFI) and meeting the entire credit

requirement of Self-Help-Groups. Implementation of Rain-fed Area Development Programme with an allocation of Rs.348

crores with priority to areas not benefited by Watershed Development Schemes. Central Banks and Rural Regional Banks (RRBs) to add 250 accounts every year in Rural

and Semi-urban branches. Guidelines on Priority Sector Lending (PSL) revised enlarging its scope. CBs/RRBs to introduce on a pilot basis in one district, a simplified cyclical credit product

whereby the farmers can use core component of 20 per cent of credit limit throughoutthe year, provided interest is serviced.

Banks are allowed to utilize the services of retired bank / Government employees andex-servicemen as business correspondents.

6.6.2 Policy and Development Initiatives of NABARD: NABARD to play an active and supportive role in the implementation of ‘Rural Business

Hub’ Scheme of Ministry of Panchayat Raj envisaging Public – Private - PanchayatPartnership to develop holistic and integrated partnership between decentralized ruralproduction units and larger corporate entities.

A new find “Farmers’ Technology Transfer Fund” created to support programmes,workshops / seminars on technology transfer, marketing of agriculture produce andimparting training on new technologies / agriculture practices.

NABARD in collaboration with Department of Posts, Government of India, to set upshowcases in 100 post offices across the country to showcase the products of SHGs andrural artisans.

Krishak Saathi Scheme introduced to provide refinance to banks to provide loans tofarmers to free themselves from the clutches of money lenders.


CHAPTER – VII

STATE PLANMadhya Pradesh with its large area enjoys diverse agro climate base and soil condition suitablefor increasing agriculture production and productivity of broad range of crops. Agriculture andallied sector forms the backbone of state economy. The Planning lays emphasis not only oneconomic growth but also on eliminating social, spatial and sectoral imbalances. Based on theinterventions recommended, strategies identified projects are formulated, many projects areimplemented, further planned to implement and thus projects are made viable for growth ofstate economy on sustainable basis

7.1 Agriculture SectorBased on the development issues identified, various projects both in the state and districtsectors have been identified and proposed, for the State Agriculture Plan(2012-17) MadhyaPradesh . Further, these major recommended interventions have been projectized in the formof action plans of the concerned CDAPs. A brief description of the major interventionsrecommended is given below:

Projects under District Sector1.00 Project on Use of underground Water (Tube Well)The depletion of ground water is one of the major constraints in production and productivityin Agriculture and allied sector Once the activities under the ground water recharge andmoisture conservation are undertaken, the natural outcome will be the enhancement ofground water levels. Consequently, the efforts should be to make use of this water wisely andeffectively.This is a significant project for the effective utilization of the enhanced groundwater by meansof drilling of tube wells with installation of lifting devices. This project will lead to enhance theagricultural production and productivity. : Already there exists a State govt. scheme for theSchedule cast and Schedule tribe category of cultivators. To provide this facility to small andmarginal cultivators of general category, provision is also being proposed under RKVY.

The scheme is being implemented in all 50 districts.

2. 00 Project water Lifting Devices (Diesel/ Electric Pump Sets)To assist the small & marginal farmers in increasing the irrigated area by means of water liftingdevices, in the Departmental scheme as well as Kapil Dhara scheme of Department of RuralDevelopment .The strategy is to provide water lifting mechanism in the dug well constructed by Dept;. ofRural Development under Kapildhara scheme.18 District will be taken under RKVY. The object


is benefit to the small & marginal farmers. The scheme is being implemented in 18 non NFSMdistricts. Further the Projects viz Distribution of Pump sets to farmers on subsidy is alsoimplemented3.00 Project on Construction of Dug-wells in Bundelkhand RegionBundelkhand has an extremely high rate of rural poverty. Its agricultural performance lags farbehind that of many states just due to improper access to Agricultural facilities to farmers. Forsocially disadvantaged and Above poveryline, general and o.b.c. farmers upto the 5 hectareslandholding. There are schemes to facilitate them but for the other farmers it needs to createsome scheme to facilitate them for irrigation facility. Directorate of farmer Welfare &Agriculture Development (DFW & AD) is willing to work in six such underdeveloped districts ofBundelkhand region which having scanty and uneven rain fall to develop micro irrigationfacilities to the farmers of the region. Such as construction of Dug-well (micro irrigation)opportunities will facilitate access to and control of water which will be a key intervention toincrease productivity and allow the farmers to respond to available market opportunities. Thethought process of Irrigation access to the farmers of Bundelkhand is conceptualized by Govt.of M.P. and aiming to implement the same with the close and converged participations ofGovernment of India (GOI) and other participating stakeholders with an objective of promotingmicro irrigation to help the farmers of the Bundelkhand region to improve the production andthus remove poverty.The districts of Bundelkhand constitute more than 60% of the Farming population (peopleinvolved in Agricultural activities). These under developed farmers of the region lived in live inrural areas of the Bundelkhand region and have little access to irrigation facilities, resulting incomplete dependency on rain-fed Agriculture only. The situation is even worse in thesedistricts because here the rain is scanty. Land size and crop production never make themcomfortable for the investment required for developing the irrigation facilities which is anecessity for good & stable crop yields. But as we know the mandate of the Government is towork for such people and make them socially as well as economically sustainable to live acomfortable life. This initiative is an effort in such direction.To enable all farmers of the Bundelkhand region to get engaged in Agriculture activities toearn more viable whole year livelihood through providing reasonable access to micro-irrigationfacilities with the help of GOI .This micro irrigation project will work directly with over 2250 farmers of the Bundelkhandregion to increase the additional agriculture production which in turn lead to increase in thefarm production & hence the income of those families will increase. GOMP with the help ofGOI will facilitate the farmers of Bundelkhand region to establish micro irrigation facilities tohave some escape from scanty rain fall in the region and enhanced surety for whole yearlivelihood. The efforts of the GOMP & GOI will be centralised to the poor farmers who reallyneed such kind of support to contribute optimally to Agricultural and make them economicallyprosperous one.Tentative Implementation steps


Target-group selection with scientifically designed tools for this purpose such as Rapid RuralAppraisal (RRA), Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) to ensure the highest degree oftransparency and discretion free process. Mix of Time bound and open-ended interventionwith close coordination of involved stake holders. Identification and implementation of mostviable strategies to transform the project into reality and make it successful. Ensure thecompliance of laws, regulations, institutions, mandate based financial distribution, socialequity, etc. project will encompass full package intervention needed to effectively mobilizeupdated technology, training, form associations, infrastructure, funding etc.Main challengesAccess to water for productive use in general and for irrigation in particular is almost alwayslinked to access to land and land tenure. Often, poor farmers cannot obtain the financialservices, credit and collateral required to benefit fully from water projects. Customary andmany times formal law do not always allow such farmers to have access to and control overland, water and other productive resources. One of the major factors hindering the poorfarmers participation in water and irrigation projects is their low level of literacy, resulting inlack of skills relevant to participation and often low self-confidence, besides their pooreconomic conditions. Access to water is the key tool to combat rural poverty because70 per cent of the mobilized water resources are used for agriculture and that about half thepopulation will be suffering water scarcity by 2025. So,. Improvements to lives and livelihoodswill place water resources nearly under unsustainable pressure which has given anunavoidable challenge in the way of development of micro irrigation facilities in the state.Sector wise Programme formulation and implementation:- The Bundelkhand regioncomprises of six districts of Madhya Pradesh (Chhatarpur, Damoh, Datia, Panna, Sagar andTikamgarh). Spending up dated: Spending under the package in the Bundelkhand region fallingin Madhya Pradesh during the first and the second phase were Rs 1,696.44 crore and Rs145.90 crore respectively. The government released Rs 3,755.08 crore for the entireBundelkhand region so far out of total allocation of Rs 8,048.96 crore.During the second phase, which started in the 12th Plan period (2012-17), an amount of Rs145.90 crore was spent out of the released Rs 350.01 crore during the second phase in theBundelkhand area falling in Madhya Pradesh.

4. Suraj Dhara Scheme and Annapurna Scheme for Seed/Demonstration (State Sector)4.01 OBJECTIVE;-The objective of the SURAJDHARA and ANNAPURNA scheme is to provide

seeds of improved and high yielding varieties for cereals, oilseeds and pulse crops, throughreplacement of old varieties. It shall cover small and marginal farmers of ST and SC categories.In order to get these seeds the farmers will have to give the non certified seed which is 25% ofthe received certified seed. Both Annapurna and Surajdhara schemes has these 3 componentsviz Seed Exchange Seed Self Reliance and Seed Production Under these schemes there arevarious crops to be covered in Kharif and the Rabi Season, khari crops ar these crops are inKharif.


1. Kharif Pulses: arhar, moong, urad.Oilseeds: soyabean, til, ramtil (niger), castor, groundnut,sunflower. Cereals: rice, maize, jowar, kodo ? kutki.2. Rabi/Summer Pulses: gram, pea, lentil, teora, moong, urad.Oilseeds: safflower, mustard,toria, rapeseed, linseed.

5.00 Project on Seed Production and DistributionThe use of quality seeds is the most vital input for enhancing productivity. Moreover, in orderto keep up the pace of food production with the growing demand in the state, it is of utmostimportance that farmers be provided with a wide range of seeds of superior quality inadequate quantity on a timely basis. This has to be achieved through an improved distributionsystem and efficient marketing set up. It is high time to promote the distribution of seed as perthe requirement of farmers on a fast track.As a result, a scheme is proposed to make the distribution subsidy available to farmers so as toenable them to use the quality seeds up to the limit of 2 hectare Area. In ICDP Scheme there isno provision for production subsidy that is why provision for breeder seed has been made.B) Project for assistance for making available certified/HYP seeds to all type of farmers for

production of breeder seed, purchase of breeder seed from institution such as ICAR ,publicsector seed corporation, production of certified seed , seed treatment. Even the import ofinternational hybrid/HYP varieties of wider adoptability may be undertaken as per provision ofSeed Import regulations.This support is also to be provided for development of crops such as sugarcane, cotton or anyother crop /variety that may be important for higher productivity of crops in th state5.01 For Hybrid seed. ;-There is provision for hybrid seed distribution in GOI scheme forexample Paddy in NFSM distt. So provision for 50% subsidy has been planned in non NFSMdistrict.5.02 Seed village - To upgrade the quality of farmer-saved seed, which is about 80-85% of the

total seed used for crop production programme, The seed produced in these seed villages arepreserved/stored till the next sowing season. In order to encourage farmers to developstorage capacity of appropriate quality, assistance is given to farmers for making/procuring ofPusa Bin/Mud bin/Bin made from paper pulp for storing of seed produced by the frames ontheir farms.The crop varieties normally grown in the seeds villages will be decided in consultation with thefarmers preferably the same crop for all the farmers.Financial assistance is provided for distribution of foundation/certified seed at 50% cost of theseed of crops for production of certified/quality seeds only and for training on seed productionand technology to the farmers.5.03 Subsidy on Breeder seed and production of foundation seed and Certified seed of MinorMillets{Kodo Kutki Ragi & Sava)The districts with large crop area under millets (more than 10,000 ha area under sorghum &pearl millet, or more than 5,000 ha under finger millet or more than 2,000 ha area under small


millets namely; barnyard, kodo, kutki, foxtail ) but with productivity less than that of theNational Average Yield could be taken up for active promotion of production technologiesthrough production of foundation and certified seed of Minor Millets . However, in case ofsmall millets, which have low productivity in general and are taken by resource poor tribalfarmers in remote interior areas, production programme would be organized in all theidentified districts irrespective of their productivity levelsTo promote new varieties/hybrids and to augment the availability of seed and to make thecost affordable to the farmers, subsidy is provided as an incentive of Rs. 3,000/- per quintal forhybrid and Rs. 1000/per quintal for HYVs, of which 75% incentive would be passed on to thefarmers and 25% to the seed producing agencies towards their handling and processing charge

5.04 Development and strengthening of infrastructure facilities for seed production/through Beej Nigam ( cooperatives)The Scheme is formulated for creation of infrastructure facilities relating to seed cleaning,grading, processing, seed treating, packaging and storage with the Beej Nigam . Thisassistance is primarily for low value and high volume seeds. M P state Seed & farm DevCorporation is the nodal agency for implementation of this scheme. In order toestablish/strengthen infrastructure facilities for production and distribution of quality seeds,assistance for creating facilities of seed cleaning, grading, processing, packing and seed storageis provided. Assistance for strengthening of the existing sanctions of seed corporation withrespect to above mentioned infrastructure is also considered .The States Corporation has the flexibility to establish/strengthen seed processing plants of therequired capacity/capacities as assessed by them5.05 Scheme for providing Seed and Planting Material to Beej Nigam.This Scheme for supply of seed and planting material to the Beej Nigams’ is beingimplemented for multiplication of high yielding certified/quality seeds of all crops andsubsequently supply of quality seed to the farmers. Although the existing scheme hascontributed in doubling the availability of certified seed It will improve the availability ofquality seeds to the farmers and at a reasonable price in a time bound manner

5.06. To provide adequate quantity of Certified Seed of Soybean to the farmers of M.P &Provision of reimbursement of production subsidy to Beeg Nigam:-Certified seed as produced by the Beej Nigam and supplied to farmers the amount of subsidy isdisbursed to the Beej Nigam

5.07 Project for Development of Beej Nigam Farms and Processing Plants. The Nigam has its own farms 40 in number having a total area of 2798 hectares out of

which 2043 hectares is cultivable. In the farms a lot of infrastructure developmental


work has been carried out in last three years. The Nigam farms are equipped with newirrigation facilities like sprinklers and other farm equipments of latest technology. TheNigam mostly uses its farm for multiplication of Breeder seed into foundation seed.Seed processing plants are equipped with grading machines but need is there for upgradation of these units for successful cleaning & grading operations.

This will assist in providing certified seed to Farmers Projects formulated for Further strengthening the seed processing facilities and

establishment of seed storage godown with Dehumidified Refrigerated seed Storageinnovation

Project for MP Seed certification Agency development and certification infrastructuremay be initiated for making available certified seed to small /marginal farmers atsubsidised rates for enhancing the productivity of crops and their betterment

5.08. Project for seed & Planting Material to MP Rajya Beej and Farm DevelopmentCorporationUnder this project assistance for purchase of seed and planting material for production ofcertified seed is reimbursed to the MP State seed and Farm Dev. Corporation and other seedcooperative Agencies:

5.09. Project on Seed TreatmentThe concept of seed treatment is the use and application of biological & chemical agents thatcontrol or contain primary soil and seed borne infestation of insect and diseases which posedivesting consequence to crop production? Besides, it also helps in improving crop safetyleading to good establishment of healthy and vigorous plants resulting better yields. Thebenefits of seed treatment are as follows:

Increase germination Ensure uniform emergence Protect seeds or seedling from early season diseases Use of plant growth hormones may enhance crop performance during the growing

season. Improve plant population and thus higher productivity presently, majority of the seed

in the state is not treated.In order to facilitate proper growth of the plant schemes for biological as well as chemicalprotection are being proposed under RKVY. These treatments will result in:

Increase in germination percentage. Disease and pest resistance capacity increased. Increase in productivity. Crop health improved.

5.10 Popularization of Seed Treatment.


Seed Treatments in crops before sowing increases the germination and stand of the cropwhich add into the productivity of the crop,The seed treatment with Bio fertiliser such as Rhyzobiumm, Azatobactor , PhosphateSolubilising Bacteria (PSB), Potash mobilising Bacteria / Zinc Solubilising Bacteria which areapplied singly or in combination to seed per ha basis. The cost of application of bacteria/s issubsidised This practiced is to be popularise in the farmers as the low cost input give in higherreturns in term of productivity

.6.01 Seed Testing: Here Seed testing is performed for making available quality /certified seedto the cultivators and its safe storage before and after marketing of balance seed . There aretests most commonly done. commercially sold seed, all four of these tests as germinationpurity genetic & physical, moisture etc .are done in dedicated laboratories by trained andusually certified analysts. The tests are designed to evaluate the quality of the seed lot beingsold to the cultivators.The tests areGermination test: Reports the percentage of seed that germinated. In commercial settings,tests are usually made in either number of 200 or 400 from seed samples. Viability or TZ test: Atest for viability that involves three steps:1. preconditioning (imbibitions)2. Preparation and staining (sometimes cutting the seed and then soaking the seed in a 2,3,5

triphenyl tetrazolium chloride solution)3. Evaluation (examining the seed for a colour change in the embryo).Purity test: The percentage of seed described on the label that is actually found in the quantityof seed. Weed & inert matter test: Examines a sample of seed and identifies every seed that isdifferent from the labelled seed kind.

6.02 Strengthening of the Seed Testing laboratory. In order to make available the quality seedto farmers additional (Laboratories) are being established in all the nine divisions.

6.03.Testing for Seed Quality;- In order to provide high quality seed of standard level ,presently there are 4 seed quality control testing labs are working, 2 of which are seedcertification agencies & one is of Oilseed Corporation. Departmental lab at Gwalior is beingstrengthened in view more sample are coming for quality check under seed Act 1966.

6.04 Creating mobile seed grading facility for small marginal Farmers;- Mobile seed gradingplants were provided for grading the seed on the spot as per the Scheme to the small/marginal cultivators giving them assistance for substantial increases in yield, Seed ProcessingFacilities’ are to be created as Seed storage godown including dehumidified Refrigerated seedstorage with godowns having seed certifications infrastructure for quality seed production.


7.00 Projects for Crop Production;- In Madhya Pradesh Agriculture, especially cropproduction is the mainstay of the economy of State, which have a involvement of about 75 %of farm families engaged in agriculture. A variety of crops is grown under different agroclimatic zones of the state with different cropping systems. Rice-wheat is the main croppingsystem, pulses with gram as prime crop and in oilseeds soybean and mustard is main crop Acotton-based cropping system is predominant in the rain-fed conditions of central, westernMP. Sugarcane is predominantly grown in Sehore Khandwa Khargone Districts therefore a cropproduction strategy for these crops with latest technical break through is important. To followthrough this can be achieved with hi -tech technical interventions The following projects areimplementing in the state as per the provisions of National Food Security Mission (GOI)

7.01 Integrated Cereal Development Programme (Rice):-To increase production andproductivity of RiceMajor areas of concern which needs attentions are i . Lack of area specific technology ii.

Sowing is mostly done by broadcasting method iii Its grown in upland and unsuitableareas.iv Non-availability of suitable High Yielding Varieties and Hybrid seeds & low seedreplacement rate v Imbalanced and low fertilizer use vi, High incidence of Insect-pests anddiseases vii,problem of weeds control viii Different varietal expression in erratic rainfallpattern ix Lack of Drought resistant early varieties and Small area under assured irrigationINTERVENTIONS:

Popularization of line sowing Replacement of upland paddy with suitable varieties, sustainable crop Management Integrated Pest Management through demonstration and strengthened

extension system. .Improvement in irrigation and water management system. Strengthening of training facilities to farmers as well as to the

Extension workers. Use of electronic media and better utilization of publicity system.for timly control of

constrainsTechnical Interventions;-The sustainability in the rice production can be achieved byemploying extension techniques viz . Popularization of Hybrid seed, line sowing, Replacementof upland paddy with suitable, sustainable crop, Inclusion of improved method of planting,large scale of population of green manuring for paddy,. More emphasis on Organic farming,Integrated Nutrient Management and Integrated Pest Management., Discouraging farmers forsummer cultivation of paddy. Strengthening of training facilities to farmers and Extensionworkers and Pre-monsoon nursery raising in irrigated area along with attempts of Increasing inseed replacement rate.


7.02 Project on Composite Nursery raising for SRI- Paddy :- The system of Rice Intensificationis based on the transplanting of young seedlings (8-12 Days old),careful planting of singleseedling, wider spacing, use of cono weeder /Rotary hoe weeder/for soil aeration, alternatewetting and drying method of irrigation and use of vermi compost for raising the compositenursery.7.03 Project for popularization of Hyb Maize;- It is reported that today in the country, about42% of the country’s maize produce comes from hybrid . These hybrids are high yieldingtherefore an extension effort in Maize growing area is needed, to popularize Hyb. Maizeespecially in tribal area for gaining higher productivity .There is a steady demand for maize asgrain from the domestic poultry feed and starch industry as well as exportArea under hybrid Maize is to be increased by 1 lakh ha in the Kharif season by providing 90%subsidy to SC/ST farmers. Hybrid maize seeds being distributed in the State with 50 per centsubsidy from the Rashtiya Krishi Vikas Yojana fund, while the Tribal Welfare Department issubsidizing another 40 per cent.7.04 Project for Development for Sugarcane cultivation. Major constrains for sugarcaneDevelopment are(i) Unavailability of improved sugarcane varieties.(ii) Lack of awareness ofimproved methods of sugarcane cultivation (iii) Lack of suitable implements for sugarcanecultivation. (iv) Lack of timely adoption of Agronomical practices (v) Imbalanced use ofnutrients.These constrains can be eliminated by extension technique like financial support for setspurchases, production and distribution. Popularization of Tissue culture for planting material/Poly bag planting materials. , Propagation of Inter-cropping., Introduction of suitable farmimplements, i.e., Sugarcane Cutter /Planter, Rotavator, Power Tiller, Stubble saver, Ridgeretc. ,Training support to farmers , to popularize the use of biological control for insects , pestsand diseases

7.05 Project to support Tribal’s having patta right in forest villages through schemes ofAgriculture Department;- Increase in agricultural production through crop diversification andadoption of improved technologies enhances opportunities of improved agriculture inforest/tribal farmers having patta right. Seed and supply of inputs with technological adoptionis creating the sustainability in growth of agricultural production in these areas. Technologicalinterventions and arrangements for input supply for increasing productivity level in thesetribals having patta right in forest villages It is provided for Seed Minikit, Zipsum,Micronutrients, Rhizobium culture , PSB culture, Urea Fungicide for seed protection, pesticidefungicide, weedicide and pest surveillance.

7.06 Crop cutting experiments Kharif/Rabi ;- The crop cutting Experiments were carried outto access the yield of different crops.


7.07 Projects on Niger (Ramtil) Development programme; - In Dindori Mandla Chhindwaraand Seoni District of Madhya Pradesh where Ram til is grown as oilseed crop the yieldenhancement programme is implemented.

7.08 Integrated Development Of agriculture in the area of primitive tribes of primitivetribes. Primitive tribeof Saharia, Baga,and Bharia in Sheopur , Dindori and Chhindwaradistricts. This provision is for one Hectare Demonstration plot for paddy Rs7500,for ArharRs5400/- for urid & Moong Rs4800/-and for Rabi gram crop Rs5600/-Progress as follows

7.09 Project undertaken cluster Demonstration: _Project of cluster Demonstration of Gwar inShivpuri,Gwalior,and Murena Districts ;Project on Crop cutting Experiments;- the projectbeing implemented for knowing the yield factor in different crops ;Conservation of Wild andtraditional agricultural cultivars of Vindhya Plateau of Madhya Pradesh (Bio Diversify Board) .And Conservation of the land races and traditional Varieties of Maize (Zea MaysL) In JhabuaDistrict.( Bio Diversity Board ().

7.10 Project on intercropping of Mustard with Gram:- The inter cropping of Mustard alongwith gram is a good intercropping system in mustard growing areas. Gram- a Legume crop asan intercrop improves the fertilizer use efficiency especially that of N fertilizer is good formustard crop However, the adoption of gram + mustard intercropping system is meagrehence need extension efforts.

8.01 Solar Fencing for crop protection from cattle in districts having National Parks;- TheSolar Perimeter Security Electric Fence system is a modern day alternative to conventionalmethods of fencing to protect your crops & property. Electric Fence is an effective way toreducing losses caused by animals. It works when an animal or human being comes intocontact with the electric Fence, they receive a sharp, short, painful but safe electric shock. Theshock does not cause any physical damage. The electric fence acts as a strong psychologicalbarrier as any intruder avoid coming into contact with the electric, Fence once they experiencethe shock. After a period of conditioning, the mere presence of the fence acts as an effectivebarrier even if it is not powered 'ON'.Electric fence can be made to detect a fault on the fence like shorting or cutting of the wiredue to tampering on the fence with the Alarm system Special feature;-

Existing posts can be made use of provided the corner / end poles are strong. The shock does not physically harm animals or human beings. The Solar Electric Fence System conforms to National and international Standards. The Solar Energizers are tested by ETDC, Govt. of India. These devices proposed to install in the district having National Parks


9.01 Integrated Nutrient ManagementIntegrated Nutrient Management refers to the maintenance of soil fertility and of plantnutrient supply at an optimum level for sustaining the desired productivity throughoptimization of the benefits from all possible sources of organic, inorganic and biologicalcomponents in an integrated manner. Under the INM technique the farmers may be educatedto use the Balance fertilizer according to the Nutrient requirement of cropping system as awhole.1.By soil test the Soil fertility status and special Soil management needs to overcome soilproblems, and a detail plan is to be advocated to farmers to offset this , if anyLocal availability of nutrients resources (organic, inorganic and biological sources) may beeffectively used Economic conditions of farmers and profitability of proposed INM option mustbe considered Education for Social acceptability is to be spread out Ecological considerationsand Impact of inorganic fertilizer on the environment is to be cautiously observed Use offertilizer in terms of nutrients’ in MP is 48.33 nitrogen,35.88 Phosphorus and 6.21 potash perha (2010-11) lt is evident from the figures that consumption of 'K' is very poor as compared to'N' & 'P' .According to studies and experience it is found that due to less use of K, theproductivity and quality of crop is not increasing at desired level.The crop like Soybean, Paddy and Groundnut are giving very good response to zinc, sulphurand rock phosphate etc. This indicates that special emphasis is to be given for promotion ofbalanced use of fertilizer and also use of micronutrients. The consumption of fertilizerparticularly mixture and complexes is increasing very fast. The Quality control facilities arevery limited in the state. There are only five quality control labs in the state. Soil testingfacilities are also insufficient. Strengthening of existing soil testing facilities and fertilizertesting , as well as creation of the facilities for analysis of micronutrients in the soil hasbecome necessary Projects implemented Nutrients Management in crops2) Strengthening of fertilizer testing Lab.

10.00 Integrated Pest Management in crops;-The integrated pest management consists ofobjective like checking of the indiscriminate use of pesticide which causes ecological andenvironmental degradation , effective quality control for pesticide ,Promotion of bio pesticide,promotion of safer pesticides, to conserve natural parasite and predators. Promotion of lighttrap and mechanical tool for insect control. .Background: Agriculture is highly input intensive and depends greatly on chemical pesticide forthe control of insect and pests. Indiscriminate use of pesticide in agriculture causes severedamage to different agro eco-system by polluting water as well as food chains. An excessiveuse of pesticide causes emergence of pesticide resistance both in target and non-target pests.At the same time, technology on crop protection contributes in raising the farm output by 30to 40 percent.


10.01Strategy: Under the umbrella of integrated crop management, the IPM techniquesrecognized the importance of favourable insecticides to be judiciously used against naturalenemies. This in consort with plant and bio-based pesticide forms the basic tenet of IPMapproach. In the National Agriculture Policy, a thrust has also been given to promote IPMapproach under ISOPAM, NSFM to achieve sustainable increase in agricultural production.Seen in this backdrop, the schemes on crop protection are being introduced, which includebio-pesticide; nuclear polyhedrons viruses. Subsidy will be given in Non NSFM Districts.

10.02 Activities: Integrated Pest Management/ Plant Protection Chemicals Pesticideapplication in early crop growth stage will destroy most of the beneficial organism, causingecological imbalance, which leads to pest resurgence. Hence in the present day concept of IPMand the entire agro–ecosystem, bio-pesticide developed from plants (botanical) and plantextract are recommended for application.

10.03 Projects/Schemes undertaken:- Protection of crops from kamalia insct in Dhar Jhabua,and Alirajpur District ,Strengthening of Insecticide Quality control Lab. This would includetraining and other awareness programme. Separate Project on Crop Protection/IntegratedPest Management to be formulated separately for food crops and oilseeds

11.00 Project under Agricultural Technology Management Agency (ATMA) of Large scaleDemonstration & Farm Field schoolsThe agricultural productivity in the state is being impeded by the lack of new crop adoptionand intensification. In this scenario, demonstration & Farm Field Schools are effective tools toreach out the farmers for promoting and introducing the latest agricultural technology,package of practices and knowledge. With an objective of introducing new technology inagricultural production system and to add intensification, scheme on large scaledemonstration,(ATMA) is implemented..

11.01 Farm Field Schools.(FFS) Farm Schools provide the vital link between the progressive /achiever farmers and other farmers in a village. Such farmers should be selected broadlyadhering to transparent methodology of selection.. These farmers would normally be the oneswho have been accepted by other farmers as achiever farmers for their success in adoption oftechnologies, yield difference, and income raised in agriculture and other allied sectors. Someimportant points related to Farm Schools have been listed in the ATMA Cafeteria. . Furtherdetails regarding Farm School norms and selection criteria (by draw of lots after short-listingfarmers based on location of their plots, size of holding, past track record etc.) have toconsider as per scheme of ATMA Farm field School may also be based on IPM,INM andcropping pattern for showing the impact of such programmes.FFS at demonstrated sites maybe started Cost norms for operating Farm Schools have been rationalized as Rs 29414 includingthe demonstration. Ceilings fixed on individual items shall be adhered to. In order to have a


visible impact and to ensure proper monitoring, cluster approach needs to be adogggggpted by covering various Blocks in rotation every year. Projects/Schemes undertaken:-Farm School on IPM technology

11.02. Field DemonstrationAs per this scheme, field demonstration would be organized in an area of 0.4 ha. In anindividual village. All improved package of practices will be used in demonstration. Apart fromthis Farm Field Schools will also be organized preferably on demo sites. Subsidy Structure forField Demonstration Subsidy for all farmers (0.4 Hectare) It is necessary to follow a clusterapproach in organization of demonstration plots within a block to have a impact on theproduction of crops/ allied area. The norms for organizing demonstrations should be in linewith the approved cost norms of National Food Security Mission (NFSM) in case of Rice/wheat/ pulses and coarse grains. These have been given in the cafeteria. Field Demonstrationmay also be conducted on double Cropping, multiple cropping, IPM and on INM.It is necessary to follow Frontline demonstration at Farm School on a maximum area of 2.5

acre at same rates of Rs7500 as approved under the Guidelines of National Food SecurityMission for the crops mentioned therein. For other crops rates, rates may be decided by ATMAMC subject to a maximum of Rs. 4000/ acres covering items mentioned in NFSM Guidelines ascluster approach. Frontline demonstration at Farm School on a maximum area of 2.5 acre atsame rates as approved under the Guidelines of National Food Security Mission for the cropsmentioned therein. For other crops rates, rates may be decided by ATMA MC subject to amaximum of Rs. 4000 acres covering items mentioned in NFSM Guidelines. The approvednorms under NFSM for Rice/ Wheat/ Pulses are .Rs.3000/ acre and Rs.2000/ acre for coarsecereals.

12.00 Farm Mechanisation;-The growth and use of implements is less amongst small farmers.The population of power drawn equipment in the state is much less in comparisons to otherstates. Farm power availability in the state is far below the national average to offset theseconstraints these schemes are launched Project for assistance to be provided to individualsbeneficiaries for farm mechanisation efforts especially for improved gender friendly toolsimplemented and machinery be formulated. Assistance for establishing custom hiring centresmay also be included in the project.

12.01 Strengthening of Machine tractor station;-Directorate of agriculture Engineering isimplemented this scheme. This is supporting scheme for farmers of Weaker Section underwhich tractors along with implements are provided on reasonable charges for performingdifferent agricultural practices this scheme frees economically weaker farmer from themonopoly of private tractor operators charging exceptionally higher rates. Other schemes arelisted below;-


12.02 Projects implemented:- The project implemented are Project on Assistance toindividuals and Primary Agricultural Cooperative Societies for Establishing Custom HiringCentre ( Cost of the project 6.68 crore) ,Project on pilot project for extensions of improvedFarm mechanization Practices (Cost of the project 1.57crore) ,Project on promotion ofMechanised harvesting of sugarcane( Cost of the project 1.50crore) Special programme forpromotion of line sowing in Sagar, Rewa,Shahdol Division,and Mandla & Dindori District ofJabalpur Division ( As per District Plan. Innovative Scheme ( Cost of the Scheme 1.50crore)Project for Promotion of SRI method of Paddy Cultivation- Incentive for ImprovedImplements ( Cost of the Scheme 0.36 crore)

12.03 Projects of Implements and attachments distribution;- Implements and attachmentsdistribution projects are also implemented such as . Incentive for purchase of Ridge- FurrowAttachment (Cost of the Scheme 2.00 crore), . Incentive to Farmers for purchase of AgriculturalImplements (Cost of the Scheme 9.00 crore),. Promotion of Farm Mechanization on clusterbasis (Cost of the Scheme 0.16 crore),. Incentives for purchase of Ridge furrow attachment(Cost of the Scheme 2.02 crore),. Promotion Of SRI method of Paddy cultivation-Incentive forImproved implements (20000 No of Cono weeder & 10000 No of marker (Cost of the Scheme2.06 crore), . Providing spiral grader to 20000 villages (Cost of the Scheme 13.13 crore) ,.Distribution of Seed Treating Drums through RAEO (Cost of the Scheme 4.44 crore) ,Project onSupport for Mechanization to Small and Marginal Farmers (Haldhar Yojana) land.Mechanised Top soil layer becomes hard by continuous walking /,working by /of tractors andbullock for different farming operations. Normal soil tillage operations work up soils up to adepth of 2-3 inches only. Over the time the soil layer below this depth becomes impermeableto water and aeration which reduces water absorption capacity of soil and aeration, ultimatelyrestricting the growth of plant roots. Deep ploughing is the only solution, which the farmersare already exercising since long time.

13.01 Scheme "HALDHAR;- The scheme "HALDHAR was approved by SLSC dated 9th July 2009with an outlay of100.00 lakh Rs for year 2009-10. Another Rs. 700 lakh was sanctioned inFeb'2010.The scheme is currently on-going scheme and as the area requiring improvement isvery large, additional physical and financial targets are needed.The project is taken up with following objectives:-

Increase in water absorption capacity of soil and aeration. Control on weeds. Insects and their larvae living in the soil will be destroyed. Reclamation of barren but cultivable land.

In Madhya Pradesh about 75% of the farmers belong to SC, ST, small and marginal farmer’scategory. They together hold approximately 45 % of the total agriculture land. These farmersare poor and their land holdings are also small. Therefore helping them for deep ploughing oftheir land will finally result in increase in total production of the state. Agricultural lands of


these farmers normally remain fellow from March to May. Therefore this period can beutilized for taking deep ploughing activity in their fields.

All farmers of SC/ST category and small and marginal farmers of General category areeligible to get subsidy at the rate of 50% of the cost of ploughing upto maximum of Rs.1000 per hectare.

Each eligible farmer will get subsidy for ploughing of one hectare land only. Progressunder the Haldhar yojona assistance for deep ploughing to SC/ ST and small &marginal farmers of General category

14.00 Project on Organic Farming;-The objective of the project is to promote the use oforganic. Organic farming is a form of agriculture that relies on techniques such as croprotation, green manure, compost, and biological pest control. Depending onwhose definition is used, organic farming uses fertilizers and pesticides (whichinclude herbicides, insecticides and fungicides) if they are considered natural (such as bonemeal from animals or pyrethrin from flowers), but it excludes or strictly limits the use ofvarious methods (including synthetic petrochemical fertilizers and pesticides; plant growthregulators such as hormones; antibiotic use in livestock; genetically modifiedorganisms;[2] human sewage sludge; and nano materials.]) in pursuit of goalsincluding sustainability, openness, independence, health, and safety The other benefits are:-

To promote green manuring practices amongst farmers to maintain humus and fertilityof soil

To educate farmers for use of bio fertilizer ,production of quality compost ,Farm yardmanure (FYM) ,and use of biomass for making compost

To popularize use of biogas slurry To prepare phosphorous enriched compost using Rock phosphate Re cycling of Biomass through NADEP method of composting Establishment of vermi composting unit to produce vermi composting Subsidy is mad available for Vermi compost pits, organic farm School, Gaushala

Training, State level organic Hat, District level Work Shop seed of Green Manuring crop

14.02. Projects Implemented;- Establishment of Organic Certification Agency;- MadhyaPradesh has a separate organic certification agency ( MPSOCA) keeping in view the expansionand scope in the field of organic farming in the state , the Govt. of Madhya Pradeshconstituted MPSOCA (on Aug. 10, 2006,) to provide the quality certification of organicproduction in accordance with the accreditation criteria laid down under NPOP 2005. TheMPSOCA is an autonomous body of the state Govt. which is registered (under the societyregistration Act. 1993) and is accredited by National Accreditation Board (NAB), APEDA as percertificate No.- NPOP/NAB/022 dated 01-10-2011. The agency is committed to providevaluable, cost effective and organic certification services in Madhya Pradesh and India. Project


proposal for promotion of organic farming and Projects to support Green Manuring in thedistrict covered under Organic Farming have implemented with subsidy of Rs 5000 per qt. or50 % whichever is less.

14.03 Project of Organic certification;-Organic certification is a certification process forproducers of organic food and other organic agricultural products. In general, anybusiness directly involved in food production can be certified,including seed suppliers, farmers, food processors, retailers and restaurants.Organic certification requirements are generally involve a set of production standards forgrowing, storage, processing, packaging and shipping that include:

Avoidance of synthetic chemical inputs (e.g. fertilizer, pesticides, antibiotics, foodadditives), irradiation, and the use of sewage sludge

Avoidance of genetically modified seed; Use of farmland that has been free from prohibited chemical inputs for a number of

three or more years For livestock, adhering to specific requirements for feed, housing, and breeding; Keeping detailed written production and sales records (audit trail); Maintaining strict physical separation of organic products from non-certified products; Undergoing periodic on-site inspections. Support for decentralised production at the village level and their marketing etc This

will include vermi composting and introduction of superior technologies for betterproduction

14.04 Support of organic certification for Small and Marginal Farmers ;- Project to populariseorganic certification for small and Marginal farmers which is subsidised and Project on qualityenhancement of Soil sampling through site specific sampling by GPS may be initiated.

15.00 Project on Subsidy on Sprinklers sets, Pipe lines & Rain gun (State Micro IrrigationMission started in 2012-13- Sprinkler Irrigation is a method of applying irrigation water whichis similar to rainfall. Water is distributed through a system of pipes usually by pumping. It isthen sprayed into the air and irrigated entire soil surface through spray heads so that it breaksup into small water drops which fall to the ground. Sprinklers provide efficient coverage forsmall to large areas and are suitable for use on all types of properties.In view of shortage of moisture in situ and erratic and delayed rains the soil moisture depleteto level where crop production suffers, it is a prime need to make efficient and judicious use ofavailable water through devices i.e. Sprinklers sets, Pipe lines & Rain gun. Accordingly thisactivity is proposed to provide irrigation facilities like Sprinklers on subsidy @ 50% basis. Thisproject as distribution of sprinkler, drip & pipeline sets to farmers on subsidy in the comingyears is continued one.


16.00. Projects on Ground water recharge & In-situ moisture conservation (Percolationtank)There is sufficient availability of water provided by nature in form of rain. However, the majorimpediment that comes in way of effective utilization of rainwater is its insufficientmanagement. Consequently, most part of it goes waste as runoff through rivers and nallas.Therefore, construction of water bodies is an integral step in effective utilization of rainwater.Besides, impounding of water on surface will lead to an additional recharge of ground water.Thus construction of water bodies helps in two ways i.e. providing water for irrigation, nistarand cattle as well as recharging of wells in the area. As fields of farmers are the first receiver ofrain, efforts should be made to provide rainwater right from farmer’s fields to the drainagelines where it ultimately ends.Considering the natural path of water, a strategic plan to harvest rainwater is proposedhereby. Under this concept, construction percolation tanks and micro-minor irrigation tanksare being proposed. Small tanks, Percolation Tanks and Water Harvesting Structures are beingconstructed by the Department of Agriculture under Micro-Minor irrigation programme. Beingsolely a State sector programme there has been financial constraints and the programmecould not be implemented as per required size. Therefore it is proposed to have the proposedscheme of Augmentation of ground Water.

16.01 Percolation Tanks are the best means to harvest runoff water on non-arable lands.These are earthen structures constructed on suitable sites having sufficient submergence aswell as higher rate of percolation. Each percolation tank will recharge ground water in itsvicinity. About 8 to 10 ha of land will benefit from the soil moisture and increased water tablein wells and tube wells. During the year 2008-09, 135 Percolation tanks were constructeddespite of poor monsoon. The results are favourable and this work is highly appreciated bythe farming community. Therefore a increased allocation has been proposed for the comingyearsGrant Structure for Percolation Tanks:

Sl. No. Categories Grant pattern1. On Government land Rs. 5 lakh per percolation tank

17.00 Project on Soil Testing;- Presently Soil testing facilities are available for farmers onsubsidised rates in the soil testing Labs operated by Department. Sixteen soil testinglaboratories in districts where major soil nutrients can be analysed The five Soil surveyLaboratories ar having soil testing facilities

17.01 Establishment of Soil Testing Laboratory;- Project for Strengthening Soil testingLaboratories is activated and new Labs. with advance technology is being established in 9different divisions.

18.01 Soil Health Card Scheme;-


Soil Health Card Scheme is a scheme launched for the issue Soil card to farmers which willcarry crop-wise recommendations of nutrients and fertilisers required for the individual farmsto help farmers to improve productivity through judicious use of inputs. All soil samples are betested in various soil testing labs across the country. Thereafter the experts will analyse thestrength and weaknesses (micro-nutrients deficiency) of the soil and suggest measures to dealwith it. The result and suggestion will be displayed in the cards. Project with assistance to thefarmers for distributing soil health card and micro nutrients demonstration may be formulated

19.00. Organic Nutrient Management ((Use of Bio Fertilizers, PSB, / Culture /Azactobactorand Gypsum & Zinc sulphate etc.)

Despite manifold rise in fertilizer use, nutrient additions in soil generally fall short of itsrequirement.

Major Nutrient Management Issues: Inadequate and unbalanced use of fertilizers Increasing deficiencies of secondary micronutrients Nutrient mining: Potassium mining a major threat Low fertilizer use efficiency thus Low factor productivity The Plant root system is always in close association with multitude of microorganisms

and other nutrients. The microbes in root zone are maintained due to a variety ofsecretions from the roots and constitute what is often described as ‘rhizosphere’.These microbes in their turn supply nutrients to the soil system through theirheterotrophic activity. Maintenance of these microbes in the rhizosphere, therefore, isalso necessary for soil health. Crop productivity and nutrient cycles, however, areintegral parts of the exploitation of soil health and have led to soil degradation throughnutrient depletion and erosion, so that long term strategies are needed to avoid theuse of chemical fertilizers without adversely affecting crop productivity. The use oforganic manures, composts, Biofertilizers has received increased attention in ourcropping systems

To tackle the issue of nutrient management, a scheme for Rhizobium CultureManagement has been proposed. Rhizobium culture is used in all pulses i.e. arhar,moong, gram and pea. It is also used in groundnut and soybean. Use of cultureenhances the yield by increasing the number of nodules in roots for boosting nitrogenfixation. It is also proposed to distribute Zipsum and Zinc sulphate under this activity.

19.01 Project on Organic Farming Infrastructure (Construction of NADEPVermi Compost pit)Organic agriculture is the age-old practice in India. Organic agriculture has roots of traditionalagricultural practices that evolved in countless villages and farming communities. During lastfew years, organic farming has emerged as an alternative form of agriculture, which not only


promises chemical residue free food but also addresses the environmental and sustainabilityconcerns with optimum productivity. To take this further, scheme on promotion of NADEPpractice is being proposed, which is detailed below.NADEP and Vermi compost;-The NADEP is an effective process of delivering large quantities ofcompost with a minimum of human effort within a specific period of time. The processbasically involves placing select layers of different types of compatible materials in a simple,mud-sealed structure designed with brick and mud water. The system permits conversion ofapproximately 1 kg of animal dung into 40 kg of rich compost, which can then be applieddirectly to the field. This method is important way of good way of replenishing the soil tomaintain the agricultural fertility. By popularizing the NADEP method, almost all biomassavailable in the nature, which is going waste and not being utilized for any purpose can betapped for making good quality compost.Subsidy Structure for NADEP and Vermi compost will result in

Soil health and fertility improvement Increase production and productivity Crop health improvement

19.02 Project for Organic Farm field school;-To provide the motivation to the farmers withorganic farming the concept of Farm Field School is implemented with subsidy pattern ofRs17000/ per training is provided. Organic Farming in the periphery of Narbada River may beinitiated

20.00. Increasing Irrigation Potential: Micro Minor Irrigation TanksThere is sufficient availability of water provided by nature in the form of rain. However, themajor impediment that comes in way of effective utilization of rainwater is its insufficientmanagement. Consequently, most part of it goes as runoff through rivers and nallas.Therefore, construction of water bodies is an integral step in effective utilization of rainwater.Besides, impounding of water on surface will lead to an additional recharge of ground water.Thus construction of water bodies helps in two ways i.e. providing water for irrigation, nistarand cattle as well as recharging of wells in the area. As fields of farmers are the first receiver ofrain, efforts should be made to provide rainwater right from farmer’s fields to the drainagelines where it ultimately ends. Considering the natural path of water, a strategic plan toharvest rainwater is proposed hereby.

20.01 Micro-Minor Irrigation Tanks are an effective way to harvest the flowing runoff water inform of streams and river. These structures are constructed on the sites of govt. land , whichare suitable to store water and have a good command area nearby. These tanks primarily helpin increasing the irrigation potential in the area. The locations of this proposed activity will befinalized after a thorough consideration of cross section of stream, its catchment and


submergence area. On an average, one such tank will be capable to make at least oneprotective irrigation for 25 to 30 ha.There is sufficient availability of water provided by nature in the form of rain. However, themajor impediment that comes in way of effective utilization of rainwater is its insufficientmanagement. Consequently, most part of it goes as runoff through rivers and nallas.Therefore, construction of water bodies is an integral step in effective utilization of rainwater.Besides, impounding of water on surface will lead to an additional recharge of ground water.Strategy: Considering the natural path of water, a strategic plan to harvest rainwater isproposed hereby. Under this concept, construction of, percolation tanks and micro-minorirrigation tanks & Nala Capacity Extraction Program are being proposed.Percolation Tanks are the best means to harvest runoff water on non-arable lands. These arethe earthen structures constructed on suitable sites of Govt. land having sufficientsubmergence as well as higher rate of percolation. These tanks are being constructed in statesince 2007-08 by department. Each percolation tank recharges the ground water in its vicinityand about 8 to 10 ha of land gets benefitted for soil moisture and increased water tables Inlast financial year about 361 percolation tanks were started in the state, but due to lack offunds about 122 percolation tanks remain in-complete. Govt. has decided in the meeting on12/4/2010, not to construct percolation tanks, therefore no new percolation tanks are beingproposed; only provision has been made to complete only 122 incomplete percolation tanks

21.00. Nala Capacity Extraction Program (NCEP)Water is precious natural resource, giving life on earth. This water is available in nature free ofcost. Every year thousands of millimetres depth of water comes on the ground. But itsopportunity time depends on the topography features and land use characteristics. Whichdepends on time of concentration, which leads to percolation in to subsoil, But unfortunatelyreduction in vegetative cover have reduced the percolation rate consequently, only anegligible part of rainfall enters into the ground and rest of the rain goes as runoff, throughdrainage lines. These Drainage lines and Rivers are main carriers of water, which holds wateron earth for maximum time. These drainage lines, if treated and used properly they can serveas a large water body. These drainage lines have available depth and width, if these drainagelines can be checked or blocked at suitable sites, they can be converted into very economicaland good water bodies. Treatment of these drainage lines will stabilize its bank and further soilerosion can be checked, which will save tons of nutritive soil mass. Consequently it will add tothe productivity of area.During 1983 to 1996 state experience all this phenomenon during the execution of world bankaided project for Rain fed area in Bhopal and Sehore district in which almost all upper middleand lower reaches (tributaries had been treated with suitable structures] which has resulted inextremely good storage and surface water soil and water conservation, recharging of well andNistar purpose and in sauté moisture conservation. The only precaution which needs to be


considered that full length of drainage course has to be treated with specific suitable structureirrespective of unit cost of structure.With this consideration, a scheme named as NALA CAPACITY EXTRACTION PROGRAM (NCEP) isbeing proposed here with the following objectives.

To harvest rainwater into natural waterways. To provide irrigation with low expenditure per ha.. To increase productivity of the area. To provide water for Nistar and Cattle’s drinking in vicinity. To recharge ground water in the area. To harvest maximum capacity and to extract maximum benefits from nala space,

stabilization of its banks and measures to increase its potential are needed. Thisstrategy will involve following three major treatments. Entire works will be carried outon Govt land. Before the actual implementation identification of suitable drainagecourse will be done with the help of Toposheet then actual drainage line survey, it’splotting and drawing. Longitudinal and cross section would be prepared. According tosituation shown on Longitudinal Section suitable structure will be planned for makingdetailed estimate.

Treatment of Banks by suitable plantation. Harvesting Water in the Nala by blocking at suitable location with the help of suitable

check dams. (Gabion/Loose boulder structure/Runoff Management structure/Retainingwall etc.

Increasing the capacity of Nala section by making dugouts on upstream of check dams. Work will be executed as per norms of department. Structures completed will be

handed over to Gram Panchayat, Thereafter Gram Panchayat will take care ofstructures, including their timely maintenance and removal of silt in their upper reach.

22.00. . Project on Construction of tube well for GeneralCategory of farmers;- Current potential of the Irrigation in the state is only 30% which is verylow in comparison to the area available for cropping Irrigation in farms is being done throughirrigation canals. At the places where the canal water cannot be taken up for Irrigating thecrops it is most essential to dig a Tube well, from the last so may years Tube wells areconstructed in farmer's fields through various agencies like M.P. Agro and other privateconcern. Since 2001 state government decided not to dig the Tube well in general farmer'sfield and now this is felt that to increase the agriculture production, more numbers of Tubewells must be constructed in general farmer's field. New scheme is being taken up for the allgeneral category farmers under Rashtriya Krishi Vikash Yojna. Farmers shall be registered forconstruction of Tube wells at local office after digging the successful Tube well

23.00 Awareness-cum-Surveillance Programme for management of Major Crop pests inMadhya Pradesh


Pest Surveillance and Management aims to envisage strengthening the infrastructure of thesquad and organized proper insect pest and disease survey and forecast the incident when itgoes above economic thresh-hold level and thereby increasing the production of crops. Thesporadic appearance of various pests are common features in many cropping systems indifferent parts of Madhya Pradesh which causes severe yield losses. The crops like cotton ,Soybean,Gram ,are voracious feeder by Lepidopteron Pests especially Helivoverpa armigeraand Spodoptera litura . Establishment of an intensive pest monitoring mechanism andadvisory / awareness system, if put in place, would help in overcoming sporadic pest attack.Keeping this in view an “Awareness-cum-Surveillance Programme for management of MajorCrop pests in Madhya Pradesh (2009-10) was started.

To create awareness among the farmers in Integrated Crop Management practicesincluding IPM in different crops and especially in soybean, Rice, cotton ,Gram basedcropping system.

To develop On-Line Monitoring System for major pests in soybean , Rice , cotton andGram throughout Madhya Pradesh.

To identify the hot spots with special reference to Lepidopterian pests To issue advisory in accordance to the pest status based on the pest monitoring. To guide the farmers based on the advisories for management of major pests in

different crops mainly in soybean, Rice, cotton and Gram crops . The area of operation of the project would be in the 50 districts. In this programme,

the main emphasis is placed on soybean, Gram as well as cotton crops as these cropsare generally more affected by pest infestation.

The programme consists of two parts i.e., pest monitoring-cum-surveillance based advisorysystem and awareness creation. At the state level the steering committee formed with themembers from different organizations and responsibilities is given

24.00 - Project on Establishing Custom Hiring Centres in Pulse and Oil Seed Growing Villagesin Rainfed Areas-procurement of 50 HP tractors.Madhya Pradesh is major pulse and oil seed producing State. Pulse and oil seed is taken in101.32 lakh ha. of land. Productivity of pulse is 734 kg/ha. and productivity of oil seed is 972kg./ha. The productivity of pulse and oil seed in rain fed areas is less than the average. About65 % of farmers in the state are small and marginal farmers and due to no purchasing power ofthese farmers are still adopting age old methods of farming which is the reason for lowproductivity particularly in rain fed areas. Farm mechanization has an important role inmodern agriculture, it reduces time, labour and cost. An increase of 10-15 % in cropproduction can also be achieved by using modern technology equipments.The project is taken up with following objectives:-

Ten to 15 % increase in crop production. Increase in rain water absorption.


About 65 % of the area in Madhya Pradesh is rain fed, where productivity of pulse andoil seed crop is less than the national average. Farmers in these areas are small andmarginal and due to the low purchasing power the use of modern implement are notpossible in production program with tractor and a set of implements will help themcomplete their agricultural work in time. Working their fields with tractor drivenimplements will ensure better absorption of rain water which in turn increases the cropproduction.

Tractor and set of implements will be provided to Primary Agricultural Credit Societies, thewatershed committees or any other agency identify by State Govt. Existing in the identifiedrain fed areas where pulses and oil seed are grown predominantly. An initial revolving fund ofRs. 10000/- will be provided to these agencies for operating custom hiring services for pulsesand oil seeds growers on no profit-no loss basis.

Implementing agency in every cluster of ten pulses and oil seeds villages will be givena set of tractor and four implements.

A revolving fund of Rs. 10000/- will be given to implementing agency of every cluster tooperate custom hiring services at no profit-no loss basis.

The Project is proposed to be implemented in identified pulses and oil seeds growing villagesin rain fed areas of the state.

25.00- Project on cattle { Govansh } based integrated farming.There are 78 lakhs farmer in MadhyaPradesh . Most of them are engaged in traditional farmingsystem taking 2 to 3 agriculture crops in a year. This project wills emphasis on agriculturefarming combined with horticulture, dairy and vegetable sector. Project will run in all 50districts of MadhyaPradesh . It will be run to:

To demonstrate farming in integrated methods of farming system to other farmers. Increasing farm income.raising living & economics standard of farmer. Increasing crop yield. Reducing cost on agriculture inputs. Use of vermi compost Nadep compost to retain Soil health. To maintain soil fertility & to add humus to the soil.

The demonstration will be laid on those farmers field that is having 2-3 cattle’s {cows &bullock}. Farmer should also have biogas plant constructed at his field. All Government farmsunder DFWAD will also execute this of the project.

Two farmer from each block and 48 govt. farms shall be selected .total 626 farmers willbe selected.

Supply of lantern & bulb to use biogas for light purpose. Slurry of Biogas will be used as manure in selected farmers field . Construction of Nadep pit and utilization of Nadep compost.


Construction of vermi compost pit and utilization of vermi compost . Fruit Plantationis proposed in 1/10 area of 1 hactare under supervision of technical Expert of Horticulture Department. Cultivator will be provided vegetable seeds to grow vegetables in 1/10 th of hect. Under the guidance of Horticulture Department. In 1/10 of a hectare area, Bar seem, Chari, Lucerne or maize will be grown as fodder For cattle’s available with farmer or Govt. farms. Farmer visit on executed projects -the Farmers of other area shall make visit to see

demonstration Crop demonstration; suitable crop demonstration will be conducted. Training on Organic Farming for Officers, Employees and Progressive Farmers is

essential to Promote the organic Farming

26.00PROJECTS UNDER STATE SECTOR;-Mentioned below are the projects under taken in theState sector:

1. Strengthening of Seed Producing Government Farms:There are 48 seed farms in M.P., owned by the State Government, which are basically meantfor producing breeder to foundation seeds in large quantities. To maintain the quality of thesefarms, it is required to provide some inputs on technological up-gradation related toequipments and machines, etc. This will support in effective transfer of technology. The upgradation will be taken up in phased manner, initially 30 Farms and 10 thereafter. Numbers oftube wells, dug wells, Water tanks, stop dams along with irrigation equipments andinfrastructure will be developed to provide better irrigation facilities for the seed production.Inputs related to better farm mechanization will also be provided to develop model farms.The activities that will be taken up includes:

Development of Irrigation Source (digging tube wells, Tanks for Deepening, waterharvesting tanks, etc.)

Irrigation Equipment (such as Sprinklers, meter pipeline, submersible pump sets, Monoblock Electric, Rain gun, Diesel pump etc. will be provided as equipments for irrigation.)

Improved Farm Machinery ( such as Threshers, air blaster, Rotavators, Seed cumFertilizer drills, reaper Cult. & leveler will be provided on different Seed producingfarms for mechanization. )

Infrastructure Facility (Like Threshing Floors, Machinery shed, straw Godown, Fencing,Tractor shed etc on these farms.) Project for Establishment of seed grader Seedgodown of 100 mt capacity on 25 farms may be initiated

2.00 Setting of Kisan Call Centres, Community Radio, Use of Information CommunicationTechnology in Agriculture, IT lab at SIAET


Agricultural communication is a field of work that focuses on communication aboutagriculture-related information among agricultural stakeholders and between agricultural andnon-agricultural stakeholders. Agriculture is broadly defined in this discipline to include notonly farming, but also food, fiber (e.g., cotton), animals, rural issues, and natural resources.Agricultural communication is done formally and informally by agricultural extension resourcepersons and is considered related to science of communication .however, it has evolved intoits own professional field.Telecommunications is a fast growing arena to transform Indian rural landscape. In the recentyears, it has demonstrated its potential to play a vital role in contributing to the empowermentof people living in villages. Kisan seva kendra, together with telecom companies , havpromoting Kisan seva kendra as a joint venture. BSNL and other telecom companiesextending its network backbone to provide a sustainable income generating businessopportunity to Cooperative Societies. In this model, the telecom products of BSNL and othertelecom companies are made available to farmers and people living in villages throughcooperative societies. The same SIM Card which is used for communication is turned into apowerhouse of knowledge for empowering people living in villages through relevant &pertinent information which is being provided byKSK through Value Added Service (VAS).‘Kisan Seva Kendra’ is determination to take the above challenges ‘Head On’. (KSK) has beenformed with an exclusive mandate to design, develop, source and supply state of the art,economical & rural communications with value additions of content & services. The focus is totake the advantage of latest in technology to address several issues faced by the farmers forsimple need for communication, access to input from experts and services of reliable quality.The objective is to empower people living in villages of the country in a sustainable and viablemanner. Cooperative Societies form the core of the strategy which is enabled to be a catalystfor promoting these products and services in an economically viable manner. Project;- Basedon these technologies the Strengthening of farm resource centre are to be developed

3 .00 Information & communication Technology (ICT) in Agriculture:- The applicationof information and communications technology (ICT) in agriculture is increasingly important.E-Agriculture is an emerging field focusing on the enhancement of agricultural and ruraldevelopment through improved information and communication processes. More specifically,e-Agriculture involves the conceptualization, design, development, evaluation and applicationof innovative ways to use information and communication technologies (IT) in the ruraldomain, with a primary focus on agriculture. E-Agriculture is a relatively new term and we fullyexpect its scope to change and evolve as our understanding of the area grows. The MadhyaPradesh Agriculture contributes almost one fourth of the Gross Stat DomesticsProducts(GSDP)and is the main source of employment for over 70 percent of the populationand constitute about 60 to 75 5 of rural income. Corporate cum Private sector have good holdof marketing agri inputs in Madhya Pradesh and has initiatives like contract farming havecommercialized the Indian agricultural sector.


For Effective Project conceptualization, Planning, Implementation, Monitoring, Evaluation andManagement for producing most effective impact of Agricultural Interventions aiming towards4% growth in the national GDP; DFW & AD Madhya Pradesh has started introducing ICT inagriculture to leverage the power of technology for the benefits of farmers in terms ofimproved service delivery and increase of production & productivity.ICT Intervention

In continuation to the ICT initiatives, department has further enhanced the ICT services in2008-09 for placing the departmental services at farmers door step. The IT utilities andservices created in 2007-08 needs to be popularized and fed to the farmers. To enable such aprocess, department has started Kisan Call Centre (KCC), Community Radio Services (CRS) andother Information utilities & services for Agriculture and Allied sectors in year 2008-09. Thisactivity is of ongoing nature and needs expenditure in each year Since technology introductionis the need of the hour for Agriculture sector to go ahead with the same pace as per theservice demand of the farmer. Department has proposed ICT intervention also for year 2009 -10 to further enhance the Information services started in 2008 - 09.(Kisan Call Centre,Community Radio Services and use of ICT in Agriculture & Allied sectors). Till time we haveenough intrvntions enabling to consolidate the State agriculture Knowledge base for the use ofresearch institutions, decision makers, industries, universities and students.ICT Interventions proposed in year 2012-17;-Under RKVY department has started ICT activitiesin year 2007-08 and successfully created Krishi Gyan Kendra at Block level and converged itwith the integrated IT utilities created under AGRISNET for providing seamless Informationservices to farmers. The interventions can be use for knowledge managements system., eLearning .e commerce ie on line purchasing orders of Agri inputs and agri equipments,Agriculture resource management and computer aided design (CAD) in the coming years.

4.00 Research & Development;-The Agriculture Sector is based entirely on Research &Development implemented by cooperation between research organisation and Farmers .Result are quickly transmitted through an extension services to field for trial and problems arebrought directly to the scientist for solution Agriculture research and development is carriedout primarily by the agriculture under the guidance of ICAR Most of the AgricultureDevelopment agencies ensuring a continues exchange of information with Agril university andResearch organisation situated in MP and all over India. Keeping this in view

4.01 Research Projects of Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishva vidhyalaya (JNKVV), JabalpurThe Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishva vidhyalaya (JNKVV )- Agril. University situated at Jabalpuris working on to augment the production and productivity of important crops more thanNational average with proportionate enhancement in farm income by enhancing the croppingintensity in the state of Madhya Pradesh (> 175%) by introduction of short duration hybrid riceand high temperature tolerant chickpea varieties in rice fallow areas and promotion of 300%cropping intensity in command areas; by development of management responsive varieties of


pulses with the increase in irrigated area; by development of cropping system for commandareas and development of eco-friendly, cost effective; remunerative agricultural productiontechnology; mechanization for smallholdings; identification of more remunerative and non-vulnerable crop along with rice during Kharif season for eastern half of MP and rejuvenation ofsoil health to exploit full potential.At present Thirteen (13) & special research projects under this university are proposed asunder:

Introduction of new crops suitable for cultivation under prevailing situations Nutritional security through seed Use of weed free seed Promotion of minor millets cultivation in M.P. Collection, conservation, characterization and documentation of farmer’s varieties for

protection Identification of source for resistance to shattering in soybean with the involvement of

marker assistant selection Identification of new fertility restorer lines for development of super rice hybrids Diversification of CMS lines for development of early maturing rice hybrids for different agro-ecological situations of M.P. Identification of potential rice varieties and hybrids suitable for SRI cultivation for

different agro climatic regions of M.P. System of wheat Intensification in Madhya Pradesh Hybrid Wheat Breeding in Madhya Pradesh Popularization of water use efficient varieties in Madhya Pradesh Impact of seed enhancement treatments & manipulations in seed rates for seed quality

and higher productivity

4.02 Research Projects. With The Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya,(RVSKVV) GwaliorThe Rajmata Vijayaraje Scindia Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Gwalior was established in the year2008 as second Agricultural University by bifurcating the JNKVV, Jabalpur as RVSKVV in thetechnology of agriculture, horticulture and veterinary science & animal husbandry. Since theinception of Vishwavidhayalaya in 2008.it has a key role in dissemination and transfer of latesttechnology in the field of crop production, crop improvement, cropping system, nutrientmanagement, plant protection, horticultural crops management, agro-forestry, wastelandmanagement, watershed management, medicinal and aromatic plants, cattle and poultrymanagement, agricultural machinery, post harvest technology, value addition and resourcemanagement, .the research is also conducted on various programmes as shown above.RVSKVV serve to the farming community and extension personnel to minimize thetechnological gaps, existing among the farming community through Research & Development


activities for enhancing productivity, profitability and sustainability of agricultural productionsystems and quality of rural livelihood.Research Projects of RVSKVV, Gwalior;-Five research projects to be run at Rajmata VijayarajeScindia Krishi Vishva Vidhyalaya , Gwalior have been sought, under RKVY, for a duration ofthree years; i.e. 2009 -10, 2010 – 11 and 2011 – 12, at a total project value of Rs. 1337.85, asunder:-

Strengthening of the infrastructure facilities for research on integrated development offood crops and mechanization in seed production

Beekeeping Promotion of hybrid seed production technology One time grant support to colleges for up-gradation of laboratories & library and

improving the functioning to promote agriculture ( To College of Agriculture, Gwalior,RAK College of Agriculture, Sehore, College of Agriculture Khandwa, College ofHorticulture, Mandsaur and College of Agriculture, Indore)

Village soil health card; (to evaluate the quality of soil and develop village soil healthcard, to recommend the fertilizers/manures, soil amendment if any and suggestappropriate cropping pattern on the basis of soil test values within available resources,to assess the long-term effect of management practices on soil health and predictforth-coming problems related to soil productivity and to ensure sustainability inAgricultural production for improving economic conditions of farmers.)

Eleven new research projects are proposed in the year 2010 – 11, valued at Rs. 4816.41lakh, that includes; promotion of organic farming, bio fertilizer production facility etc.

5.00 Strengthening of Regional Training CentresPolicy Framework for Agriculture Extension has suggested five major guiding elementsviz. Reforming Public Sector extension, Promoting Private Sector to effectivelycomplement and supplement wherever possible to substitute public extension,Augmenting Media and Information Technology support to Extension, MainstreamingGender Concerns in Extension and Capacity Building / Skill up-gradation of farmers andextension functionaries.

Along with above policy framework many of the key reforms has been promoted underATMA such as (i) New Institutional Arrangements (ii) Convergence of the lineDepartments (iii) Multi Agency Extension Strategies (iv) Broad base extension delivery(v) Group Approach to extension (vi) Gender Concern and Sustainability of extensionservices etc.

In the present context of strengthening of regional Agriculture Extension & TrainingCentres (AETC), being mandate of the State Institute of Agriculture Extension andTraining (SIAET), is of utter most importance to fulfil the requirements of CapacityBuilding / Skill Up-gradation of Extension functionaries and Farmers throughinstitutional trainings .Presently there are 19 AETCs located at different part of the


state. These AETCs are approximately 30 to 40 years old and are in dilapidatedcondition. These AETCs also require to be updated with respect to latest Audio- visualequipments necessary furniture's in the class rooms as well as in hostels.

6.00Capacity enhancement of block officesDepartment has launched many demand based and market led extension activities for thebenefit of farmers and now it became mandatory to enhance the capacity of field staff andlead farmers; including Kisan Mitra & Kisan Didi. This requirement for providing smooth andrequired extension services to farmers by farmers. It is must to enhance the capacity of blockOffices up to desired level. Department has started Kisan Suchana( to Infrom) Kendra forcapturing and disseminating the agricultural information among farmers.. Now many farmershave started visiting the Kishan Suchna Kendra and demand for training and otherarrangements. Thus capacity enhancement of block offices is now becoming unavoidable. Nowit is high time to create required facilities at block offices to cater upcoming requirement .The results of this activity will be:

Enabling of block Office as a farmer facilitation Centre. Knowledge sharing centre for the farmers Centre for group activity for local farmers Enhanced interaction between staff & farmers. Improved interaction & synergy between line staff, lead farmers & Kisan Mitra & Kisan

Didi. Improved demand driven & market led extension services resulting in enhanced

livelihood for the farmers

7.00 Renovation and Strengthening of Soil Testing Lab buildings and Project under taken asconstruction of Soil Testing Lab.The geographical area of M.P. is 307.56 lakh ha. out of which 147.00 lakh ha are is undercultivation spread over 73.60 lakh holdings. These holdings area suppose to have soil testing tomaintain soil health as well as to increase production and productivities for which it isscientifically proved that soil testing and follow up of recommendation plays a vital roll. Inpresent scenario there are 24 soil testing lab which are in most dilapidated condition andsuffering badly for consumable & latest scientific equipment and materials. Normally theselabs are used for testing soil sample for contents of micro and macro elements, pH and EC.Testing facilities of micro nutrients are available in 6 labs.

8.00 Establishment of new insecticide quality control labCentral and State Government are making concerted efforts to ensure timely availability ofquality pesticide to the farming community. For this purpose, there is a need for effectiveimplementation of the provisions of the Insecticide Act, 1968 and the Rules framed there


under and therefore state govt. has setup a new Insecticide Quality control laboratory atObedullaganj , Raisen with a view to extend the facility of quality testing of pesticide inMadhya Pradesh..Presently , there is only one Laboratory in the state for monitoring the quality of pesticidewith a capacity to analyze about 1500 samples per annum .Keeping in view of manufacturing/ formulating units and about 8000 MT of total pesticide consumption in the state ,presentset up of one laboratory for monitoring the quality status of pesticide is inadequate. Thereforethe setting and establishment of new pesticide testing laboratory is required to enhance theanalysis facility of pesticide in state considering the number of licenses issued tomanufacturer/ formulators/ distributors/sale points as per the Insecticide Act 1968 and therules framed there under.

9.00 Project for the Establishment of Pesticide Residual Lab :_ the mandate of the laboratoryis to study pesticide residues in food, feed and environmental samples, metabolism ofpesticides in plants, insects and soil and mechanism of insecticide resistance to insecticides.The laboratory may also develop standardization of analytical methodology for newerpesticides; It provides analysis facilities to all agencies who are to presenting their proposalsfor approved for recommendation to the farming community as per norms set by theGovernment for betterment of farming community. This project may supervised field trialscarried out to study the persistence of pesticides on different crops .based on the dataobtained, waiting periods are to worked out for the safety of consumers. The data generatedin these trials may also be useful for the National Regulatory Authorities to take appropriatedecisions regarding safe use of pesticides in the country, Similarly project on Pestmanagement & pesticide quality control comprising of laboratory for production of bio controlagents, State pesticide testing units and Eco pesticide testing lab may be formulated.1.00. Mobilization of Field Staff under RKVY Program RKVY Program is being implemented inthe state and for covering the areas under this Program; the mobilization factor plays a veryvital role. The topography of the M.P is un dulative, vast and department resources formobilization are restricted and scanty.There can be a scope to use the vehicles for mobilization but these are not availableeverywhere and every time. To give boost to this Program, provision is proposed to hirevehicles as and when required. Accordingly, provision to hire vehicles is being made.

12.00 Project on Strengthening of State Institute of Agriculture Extension & Training (SIAET)State Institute of Agriculture Extension & Training (SIAET) , is not only a autonomous trainingInstitute but also a apex body in the Department of Farmer's welfare and AgricultureDevelopment to look after training and extension activities in the state. Though the buildinginfrastructure of the SIAET was almost completed in the year 1998 but it was properlyestablished in the year 2006, when GOMP has sanctioned 49 post in the institute on11.05.2006. Later on looking to the need of departmental autonomous body to handle the


budget released by GOI in "Off Budget" Schemes , this institute has been declared asAutonomous on 22.12.2007. Since than it is functioning as a Apex Training institute under thedepartment of FW&AD.The mandates of the Institute in brief are as follows;

To prepare HRD plan for the officers and extension functionaries of various linedepartment under Agriculture Consortium.

To organize state level workshops, Seminars and conferences. To prepare latest literature for extension functionaries and farmers along with

preparation of CD's and documentaries. To conduct impact assessment studies and periodical evaluation of various schemes

being implemented in the department. To participate on behalf of state department In the National level workshops and

seminars etc. To facilitate and work as knowledge centre through KCC. To implement state level activities under ATMA and other Off Budget schemes. To act as a Financial Hub for all Off Budget schemes. To coordinate with all leading training institutes in the country, MANAGE and GOI. To run post Graduate Diploma in Agriculture Extension Management (PGDAEM) and

Diploma in Agriculture Extension services for input dealers financed by GOI. Since the theme of constructing this training institute was developed in the year 1992

and accordingly as per the then need the required infrastructure was developed, lateron when this institute became autonomous the outcome expected from it becamemuch larger than it was thought upon during 1990s. As per the mandate of theinstitute , it was not only required to cater many more trainings at a time but as thisinstitute also became a financial hub for all GOI supported "off Budget '' schemes ,more staff was required for the smooth functioning of all such schemes.Simultaneously PGDAEM and DEASI programme have also started from 2008-09 in theinstitute. To fulfil the emerging demand it was badly required to strengthen thepresent infrastructure by creating more space for trainees in the hostel, more classrooms, and better congenial & learning atmosphere for trainees, along with a speciousand big auditorium so as to accommodate 300 to 400 people for state levelconferences.

13 .00. Project on Training of Agricultural OfficersTraining helps in optimizing the utilization of human resources that further helps the employeeto achieve the organizational goals. It assists in increasing the job knowledge and skill ofemployees at each level. Training also help to expand the horizons of human intellect and anoverall personality of the employees, especially in agriculture department, the basic activity is


to disseminate the new agricultural technology to the farmers. This is done by thedepartmental field staff posted at different districts and block offices.

Present proposal is especially meant for new staff in agriculture department of M.P.Department is recruiting 78 assistant director of Agriculture, 823 Rural AgricultureExtension Officers, 164 Agriculture Development Officers, & 160 Surveyors. In thisproposal, 3 months trainings for ADA’s at Agricultural University, State AgricultureExtension and training Institute (SIAET), Berkhedi kalan, Bhopal and at Academy ofAdministration and Management, Bhopal.

For ADO, Surveyors and RAEO, 2 months intensive training program has been workedout. Trainings will cover class room lecturer, field visits, demonstration etc. all withlearning by doing & seeing is believing extension approach.

14.00 Establishment of Krishi Gyan KendraKrishi Gyan Kendra conceived as mini-farm universities, to set up for expeditious transfer ofresearch results to farmers. This Project is formulated with the objectives of providing regulartechnical support to field staff. The main activities carried out in this project are organizationof monthly workshops, pre-seasonal workshop, diagnostic visits and development of suitableliterature. This is organized with monthly workshops with the participation JDAs, DDAs,SOAEOs, DAO, etc. Monthly workshops are strong mechanism of reviewing the progress of lastmonth and developing strategy for ensuing month.

15.00 Project on Soil Health Card ( Deptt. lab, University and Mandi labs):-For sustainability in agricultural production, all input be used most efficiently in a synergisticmanner, with optimum allocation to achieve maximum return and minimal damage to theenvironment. In this context, after making available good seed to farmers, it is necessary thathe must be properly advised to use balanced doses of fertilizers / manures, special soilamendment if any required, and suitable cropping pattern. Farmers of the State have verynegligible knowledge of fertility status of their fields, therefore, are not able to achieve thedesired level of productivity even after utilizing all other input. Hence to create awareness ofsoil fertility for better and sustainable yields, it is necessary to study the soil status of fields ofeach village.

To evaluate the quality of soil and develop village soil health card. To recommend the fertilizers/ manures, soil amendment if any and suggest appropriate

cropping pattern on the basis of soil test values within available resources. To assess the long-term effect of management practices on soil health and predict

forth-coming problems related to soil productivity. To ensure sustainability in Agricultural production for improving economic conditions

of farmers.Soil health card will give the information about the quality / health of a soil as a function of itsphysicochemical properties, available nutrient status and management practices. The card is a


tool to help farmers to improve the soil health based on their own experience and knowledgeof their soils. The use of soil health card will provide long-term trend of soil health to assessthe effect of various soil management practices. This card will be more useful when filled upregularly over a period of time. It will also indicate quantitative assessment of soil health andits productivity. This scheme will be operated through the Soil testing laboratories run byDepartment, University and Mandi samiti .

16.00 Project on Strengthening of Agriculture Extension & Training Centres ((AETC) Policy Framework for Agriculture Extension has suggested five major guiding elements

viz. Reforming Public Sector extension, Promoting Private Sector to effectivelycomplement, and supplement wherever possible to substitute public extension,Augmenting Media and Information Technology support to Extension, MainstreamingGender Concerns in Extension and Capacity Building/ Skill up-gradation of farmers andextension functionaries.

Along with above policy framework many of the key reforms has been promoted underATMA such as (i) New Institutional Arrangements (ii) Convergence of the lineDepartments (iii) Multi Agency Extension Strategies (iv) Broad base extension delivery(v) Group Approach to extension (vi) Gender Concern and Sustainability of extensionservices etc.

In the present context of strengthening of regional Agriculture Extension & TrainingCentres (AETC), being mandate of the State Institute of Agriculture Extension andTraining (SIAET), is of utter most importance to fulfil the requirements of CapacityBuilding / Skill Up-gradation of Extension functionaries and Farmers throughinstitutional trainings. These centres also require to be updated with respect to latestAudio- visual equipments necessary furniture's in the class rooms as well as in hostels.Strengthening of Agriculture Ongoing Projects

17.00 Strengthening of Communication and Knowledge Centre;- The Project for the Centre for Knowledge Communication develops advanced

technology to improve teaching and learning in agriculture sciences. Current focus is onthe psychology of human learning, strategies for effective teaching, and the dynamicsof human-machine interactions. Researchers build computer systems that encode adeep understanding of effectively train, explain and advise to the farmers/users.Extended multimedia capabilities which are integrated with knowledge about theFarmer/user, domain and dialogue to produce real-time performance support and on-demand advisory and tutoring systems. The tutoring systems use intelligent interfaces,inter facing mechanisms, cognitive models and modifiable software to improve acomputer's communicative abilities. These systems have been tested with learners,trainers and other client bases, deployed in Agriculture and allied sector


Knowledge Centre focuses on knowledge generation, information gathering, analyzingand dissemination of them in order to create meaningful change in the favour of poorand marginalized people. We employ following strategy to achieve above.

The Agriculture Knowledge Centre provides agriculture information and advice tofarmers, and the agriculture industry on topics ranging from crop and livestockproduction to new research and technology, government programs and services, andfarm business management.

A toll free line puts you in touch with resource agents and specialists who areknowledgeable about the agriculture industry, and who are linked to regional andprovincial specialists from across the Ministry of Agriculture. The AgricultureKnowledge Centre is committed to providing expert technical information andexcellence in client service delivered by friendly and experienced staff.

18. 00 PROJECT ON CAPACITY ENHANCEMENT OF BLOCK OFFICES PHASE-IIDepartment has launched many demand based and market led extension activities for thebenefit of farmers and now it became mandatory to enhance the capacity of field staff andlead farmers including Kisan Mitra & Kisan Didi. This requirement for providing smooth andrequired extension services to farmers by farmers. It is must to enhance the capacity of blockOffices up to desired level. Department has started Kisan Suchana Kendra for capturing anddisseminating the agricultural information among farmers.. Now many farmers has startedvisiting the Kishan Suchna Kendra and demand for training and other arrangements. Thuscapacity enhancement of block offices is now becoming unavoidable. Now it is high time tocreate required facilities at block offices to cater upcoming requirement .The facilities required to be created are as below -

Block office buildings should be renovated. Training facility for farmers must be available at block office with at least for 25-20

persons sitting arrangement. Sitting arrangement and space to organize the fortnight training of RAEOs and other

officials. Drinking water and Toilet facilities available. One storage room for storage of inputs. Demonstration room to aware and educate the farmers. Computer/Network for searching information.

This will enable block officials in:- Enabling of block Office as a farmer facilitation Centre. Knowledge sharing centre for the farmers Centre for group activity for local farmers Enhanced interaction between staff & farmers. Improved interaction & synergy between line staff, lead farmers &


Interaction with Kisan Mitra & Kisan Didi. Improved demand driven & market led extension services resulting enhanced

livelihood for the farmers.

19.00. Project on setting up of new fertilizer quality control laboratories in Madhya PradeshThe Farmers must get the quality fertilizer for getting higher yields from their fields .In MadhyaPradesh, about 25-30 lakh met. Tons of fertilizer is distributed every year. There are 4fertilizers testing laboratories for analyzing fertilizer samples. There are located at Bhopal,Indore, Jabalpur & Gwalior and about 6000-8000 samples of fertilizer are tested here everyyear. But four Testing laboratories are not sufficient for such large number of samples. Sixmore Laboratories for quality testing of Fertiliser is being established atHosangabad,Ujjain,Reva,Shahdol, Murena, Sagar, Progress is as follows –

Year SampleTested

Samples tested and Out of substandard samplefound ,sale offertilizerprohibited

Licence offertilizerdealersuspended

FIRLodgedFound

StandardFound Sub

standardsamples Showcause noticeissued

2013-14 5711 5794 877 172 32 72014-15 2390 2069 321 19 1

20.00 Project on Strengthening of Insecticide Quality control Laboratory, JabalpurCentral and State Government are making concerted efforts to ensure timely availability ofquality pesticide to the farming community. For this purpose, there is a need for effectiveimplementation of the provisions of the Insecticide Act, 1968 and the Rules framed thereunder and therefore state govt. has setup a Insecticide Quality control laboratory at Jabalpur.The Government of India has been promoting the use of bio-pesticides under the integratedpest management Programme. To assure quality product of these biopesticide to farmers,these products have been brought under the purview of the Insecticide Act 1968. Presently,testing facility of Biopesticide is not available and therefore there is a great necessity todevelop the biopesticide testing facility in the existing Insecticide Quality control Laboratory.Further there is need to strengthen the present testing facility for chemical pesticide oflaboratory.

To develop the Bio pesticide products testing facility which have been included underthe Insecticide Act, 1968

To seek NABL accreditation. To strength the chemical testing facility Farmers of all income groups would be benefited.


Strengthen of laboratory by renovation of old building structure, establishment ofnewly sophisticated equipments, maintenance and calibration of existing equipmentsare included under the project in order to meet out the objectives.

21.00. Project on Strengthening of 24 Soil Testing Lab operated by government of M.P.Soils are the most valuable life supporting natural resource as they produce food, fibre andfodder which are the basic to our very existence. For its sustained utilisation, it is imperative toknow the nature, characteristics, extent of distribution of different soils, their qualities,productive capacity and suitability for alternative land uses. Further, in order to assess thepotential and problems of different soils and to develop rational land use for optimisingagricultural production, there is a need to have consistent and comparable information aboutthe soils which can be made available through soil resources information, which wasundertaken through the climate, physiographic and geologic studies of the terrain. It wasobserved that the state has a wide range of macro and micro climates, physiographic/landform, geology and natural vegetation which have resulted into a great diversity in soildevelopment, and in turn soil-site properties and land use.For sustainability in agricultural production, all input should be used most efficiently in asynergistic manner, with optimum allocation to achieve maximum return and minimal damageto the environment. In this context, after making available good seeds to farmers, it isnecessary that he must be properly advised to use balanced doses of fertilizers/manures,special soil amendment if any required, and suitable cropping pattern. Farmers of the Statehave very negligible knowledge of fertility status of their fields, therefore, are not able toachieve the desired level of productivity even after utilizing all other input. Hence to createawareness of soil fertility for better and sustainable yields, it is necessary to have Soil testingLabs and trained staff very near to Farmers to provide proper recommendation..

To evaluate the quality of soil to deliver optimal recommendations and solutions tofarmers for improved soil health and productivity.

To make fertilizer recommendation based on soil test values using STCR equation andsuggest appropriate cropping pattern with available resources.

To assess and upgrade the long-term effect of management practices on soil health andpredict forth-coming problems related to soil productivity.

To ensure sustainability in Agricultural production by upgrading skill and knowledge offarmer for improving crop yield and economic returns to the farmers.

To enhance the soil fertility for the state of Madhya Pradesh under different croppingsystem.

Strengthening of 24 departmental Soil Testing Laboratories (STL) Installation of new equipment required for optimal testing of the soil samples. Replacement of old equipments with new equipments 22.00. Project on Strengthening of Departmental printing press


Transfer of technology is the most important mandate of Department of FarmerWelfare & Agriculture Development. Approximately 30 to 40 years back when printmedia was not so advance, department has established its own printing press invarious part of the state, to provide leaflet, pamphlets, folders and periodicals basedon latest Agriculture technology. The Printing Press at Bhopal near Maida mill is one ofthe oldest but most important Printing press in the department. This printing press isstill functioning well despite of this fact that its building is in most dilapidated conditionwhich requires immediate attention towards its renovation.

There-fore it is proposed to take up this press building for renovation during 2010-11under RKVY. The main proposed renovation works are as follows :

Re flooring Re plastering as & where required Replacement of doors & windows Re-electrification Water proofing of roof & false ceiling Construction of Toilet & creating water storage facility.

23.00 Project On Agro Service Centre Cum Storage Cum Procurement At DifferentPlaces.

MP marketing federation is planning to set up 14 new storage cum agro service centresat blocks Nasrullaganj (Sehore), Ujjain (Ujjain), Khandwa (Khandwa), Chhindwara(Chhindwara), Katni (Katni), Javara (Ratlam), Mandsour (Mandsour), Neemach(Neemach), Khargone (Khargone), Anjad (Badwani), Meghnagar (Jhabua), Dhamnod(Dhar), Sheopurkalan (Sheopurkalan), Ghairatganj (Raisen)

24.00. Project on Purchase of lab equipments and furniture establishing new Seed testinglaboratory, Bhopal and Ujjain

To provide information and Seed Testing facilities for germination, purity, moisture andseed health including seed borne disease in the sample under going to seed productionprogram of field crops of the State. Communicate the results of seed lot well in time toall concerns.

The significance of sustainable agricultural production is hidden in the use of qualityseed. Seed is the most basic vital and crucial input for enhancing productivity.However, in post GATT-era and after emergence of WTO seed production and tradinghas assumed the global concern. Considering the advancements in the science of seedtechnology and production with increasing involvement of the global players and in theinterest of producers, protection of seed producers rights has been emerged a majorconcern.


Presently, there are two seed testing laboratories are working with the SeedCertification Agency, situated at Indore and Jabalpur. The annual capacity and actualnumber of samples tested during last three years in these laboratories is given below:-

Sr.No.

Name of the Existing SeedTesting Laboratory

AnnualCapacity

Actual Number of samples tested duringthe year2007-08 2008-09 2009-10

1 Jabalpur 10,000 17253 28731 315972 Indore 10,000 15377 21701 24551Thus, It is clear from the above table that these laboratories testing more number of samplesthan the existing capacity. Therefore it is very necessary to establish two more well-equippedlaboratory.

25.00 Project On Revolving Fund Requirements For Strengthening Of Seed ProcurementProspects Under R.K.Y.M.P. State Seed and Farm Development Corporation, a State Public Sector Undertaking set upin the Year 1980 under the administrative control of Department of Agriculture, Govt. of M.P.to ensure supply of Certified Seeds to farmers of the State at reasonable price. TheCorporation was constituted with an authorised capital of Rs. 15 crores and has paid-up capitalof Rs. 8.27 crores.An awkward situation is always facing by the Corporation due to lack of capital both long andshort term financial fulfilment for the working of the Corporation. The working capitalrequirements are very crucial. A very long cycle of rotation of working capital ( 8 to 10months ) results in blockage of over Rs.55 crore is stagnated being heavy pending payment ofthe seed produce to the farmers. Corporation has to pay 80% advance payments at spotwhile raw-seed delivery by the produces at the Nigam centres The delay in payment to seedproducer act as a major disincentive to the seed producing farmers, whose holding capacity islimited. Thus, liquidity constraint is limiting the operation of the corporation. Therefore,working capital needs should to be met out by way of enhancement of equity capital andrevolving fund from the State Government under R.K.V. Y.

26.00 Project for the Establishment of post Entry Quarantine LabPlant Quarantine regulatory measures are operative through the ‘Destructive Insects & PestsAct, 1914 (Act 2 of 1914) in the country. The purpose and intent of this Act is to prevent theintroduction of any insect, fungus or other pest, which is or may be destructive to crops. Theimport of agricultural commodities is presently regulated through the Plant Quarantine(Regulation of Import into India) Order, 2003 the provisions of New Policy on SeedDevelopment, 1988. Further, the significance of Plant Quarantine has increased in view ofGlobalization and liberalization in International trade of plants and plant material in the wakeof Sanitary and Phyto sanitary (SPS) Agreement under WTO. The phytosanitary certification of


agricultural commodities being exported is also undertaken as per International PlantProtection Convention (IPPC), 1951.

In line with the New Policy on Seed Development, 1988 and the provisions of PQ Order,2003, the specified planting material for propagation (viz., cuttings, saplings, budwoods, etc.) require growing under Post Entry Quarantine (PEQ) for a specified period.The import permit for such planting material is granted based on a certificate fromDesignated

Inspection Authorities of the concerned jurisdiction stating that the importer possessesthe post entry quarantine facility for the imported planting material. Suchconsignments are released with the intimation to the concerned Inspection Authoritiesfor conducting further PEQ inspections and the final clearance is granted based on thePEQ Inspection Report. The pest risk analysis is mandatory for all the plants/plantmaterial prior to its import into India as per PQ Order, 2003. The risk of exotic pestsand diseases is minimized by identifying the potential pests which can get into thecountry with the specified commodity and seeking export certification for theirfreedom/pest free area status, etc. from the exporting country. Inspection ofagricultural commodities meant for export as per the requirements of importingcountries under International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) 1951 of FAO which’snow replaced by revised text of IPPC as per the model certificates prescribed underIPPC and issue Phytosanitary Certificate. The export inspections are carried out tofacilitate certification of exportable plants and plant material as per the requirement ofimporting country in line with the above Convention. The export inspections involvessampling and detailed laboratory tests in case of seeds and planting material forpropagation whereas visual examination with hand lens and washing tests, etc arecarried out for plant material meant for consumption. The export inspections areconducted at exporters’ premises also to facilitate exports for agricultural commoditiesmeant for consumption.

27.00 Special Plan for Farmers1.Mukhya Mantri Kissan Videsh Yatra Yojana

To provide new and improved technique to the farmers new scheme has beenlaunched The Scheme is based on believing & Seeing principle

Object of Scheme is to upgrade the skill so that cultivators will be able to disseminateimproved technology Each group consist of 20 farmers one scientists and one officer

Under the Scheme the groups will b visiting different countries2.Mukhya Mantri Khet Tirth Yojona

In this scheme fields of Research Institute KVK and selected Farmers field will bedeclared as a :Krishi Trith where progressive Farmers will have the exposure visit ( outof stat ,within state and within District ) Khel Trith yojona will cover the activities of


development, develop in one acre 2.5 acre and 5.00 acre These profitable models willbe shown to them to replicate on their farm

Agriculture Development Strategy(2012-2017)A.Enhancing Agricultural productivity & Crop Production:_

Enhancing Agricultural productivity & Crop Production needed for the twenty-firstcentury as a second, doubly green revolution in agricultural technology. Productivityincreases are still vital, but must be combined with environmental protection orrestoration, while new technologies must be both affordable by, and geared to theneeds of, the small and marginal farmers

There are three main sources of growth in crop production: first expanding the landarea; second increasing the frequency with which it is cropped (often throughirrigation), and thirdly boosting yields. A detailed examination of having productionpotentials does not support this view of expanding the land area ,where as increasingthe crop intensity couple with the boosting yield is a better alternative. Observed thatin some countries, and even in whole regions, problems already exist and could deepenwhich are to be solved as and when arrived by the suitable interventions.

It has been suggested that we may be approaching the ceiling of what is possible for allthese three resources. A detailed examination of production pot of Agriculturalproduction could probably meet expected demand over the period up to 2030 evenwith major advances in production technology however related technologies withland & water management can bring such production trends as per expectation

With the overall assessment, it is estimated that some 80 percent of future increases incrop production will have to come from intensification for higher yields, increasedmultiple cropping and shorter fallow periods.

New technology is needed for areas with shortages of land or water, or with particularproblems of soil or climate. These are areas with a high concentration ofsmall/marginal cultivators having limited resources, where such technology could playa key role in improving food security.

However, the new techniques of molecular analysis could give a welcome boost toproductivity, particularly in areas with special difficulties, thereby improving theincomes of the small and marginal farmers, just as the green revolution did good or badin large parts of Madhya Pradesh during of 1970s to till date. Meanwhile, otherpromising technologies have emerged that combine increased production withimproved environmental protection. These include the seed Development technology,lower-input approaches of integrated pest or nutrient management need basedmechanization and organic agriculture which may be changing as incomes rise in thefarming community

From the emerging trend in agriculture and incorporation of innovations develop up tillnow , the Indian Agriculture especially agriculture in the state of Madhya Pradesh has


come to such an era from here another set of derivatives are emerging out whichare to be taken care off for sustainability.

B. Introduction of Modern Technical Intervention to increase Productivity;As the new production technology is incorporated in the farming system some wherethe gaps are being observed in the course of time This adoption needs to be extendedas corrective intervention as in case of Soybean cultivation the ridge and furrowmethod, in paddy SRI system for improve cultivation , in case of pulses introduction oflatest technology etc. The need of technical interventions is further realised inenhancing production and productivity level through better soil health management,strengthening the network for timely availability of inputs. INM/,IPM , Modernizationthe extension services and by wide spread farm mechanization in SC/ST, small andMarginal cultivators.

C. Natural Resource Management;-Natural resource management refers to the management of natural resources such asland, water, soil, plants and animals, with a particular focus on how managementaffects the quality of life for both present and future generations . • Natural resourcemanagement deals with managing the way in which people and natural landscapesinteract. • It brings together land use planning, water management, biodiversityconservation, and the future sustainability of agro industries • It recognizes that peopleand their livelihoods rely on the health and productivity of our landscapes, and theiractions as stewards of the land play a critical role in maintaining this health andproductivity. • Natural resource management is also congruent with the concept ofsustainable development. • Natural resource management specifically focuses on ascientific and technical understanding of resources and ecology and the life-supportingcapacity of those resources. • Environmental management is also similar to naturalresource management.

Project with soil and water Conservation measures as terracing, gully control measures, spillways, check Dames, Diversion Drains ,protection wall is to be formulated as per the need ofthe area . Reclamation of problem soils such as acid/alkali/saline/ravine/and water logged maybe indicated & corrected in the project for the problematic area.

B Project for Adoption of HYP & Hybrids Seed; - The production and productivity level hasshown a growth level due to introduction of the High yielding varieties and hybrid seeds incrops like wheat., Paddy, maize in nineteen seventies and eighties . Initially the increase inproductivity level was higher due to adoption of HYP varieties of Wheat, Paddy and oilseedcrops by farmers but with the additional availability of wide spectrum of HYP and Hybridseed in the these and many different crops th adoption rate is slow down, Secondary the yieldgap analysis reveals that 30 to 40 % of potential yield of is yet to be tapped, This was furtherobserved that with the availability HYP and Hybrids ,these are mostly sown on irrigated and


highly productive areas and less fertile and marginal land are yet to be covered . After a longperiod of time this technical breakthrough and adoption of these ,the yield gap still exist inmany of the districts of MP due to slow adoption rate in small & marginalfarmrs.. Thestrengthening of adoption often this technical intervention can increase the productivity levelin these districts with the involvement of SC. ST/ Small & marginal cultivators with suitableproject formulation for increasing their participation in adopting these HYP and Hybrids.

C .Project for Integrated nutrient Management;-As all the crops during their production phase uses set of nutrients from the soils,Conventional fertilizer usually replace only a few nutrients while other continue to bedepleted. Many resource poor farmers but having sense of achieving high Productivity cannotafford use of these fertilizers with recommendation resulting in soil depletion and lessproductivity. An integrated plant nutrient system is on in which practitioner aim to optimizethe use of nutrients through a range of practice that includes the recycling of vegetable andanimal waste and the use of legumes to fix atmospheric nitrogen, External nutrients are usedjudiciously, in ways that minimize costs and reduce pollution. Managing the use of fertilizercan increase their efficiency by 10to 30 %

D.Project for Integrated Pest Management;-Pesticides involved a range of hazards in their production distribution and application Whenused conventionally they can eliminate natural predators as well as target pest and generateresistance in pests. They may also pollute water and soil resource and cause a range of healthproblems to users i.e. farmers and their family.Integrated pest management (IPM) aims to minimized the amount of pesticide applied byusing other control methods more effectively .Pest incidence is monitored and action is takenonly when damage exceed tolerate limit. The other technologies and method usd include pestresistant varieties ,bio insecticides .and traps and the management of crop rotation fertilizeruse and irrigation in such a way as to minimize pests. Chemical pesticides ,if they are used atall are chosen for minimum toxicity and applied in carefully Calculated way. Many model ofIPM are technically viable are have successfully introduced IPM and have experiencedincreased production accompanied by lowr financial environment and human health costs asa result . Again extension system and policy frame work in many locations have tended tofavor the use of pesticide These must be reformed if IPM is to spread faster in future.This would also include training of farmers through farm field schools, printing & circulation ofliterature and other awareness program for advocating IPM.A detail project formulation covering all the crops with application of IPM is need of time forthe sustainable production. This may cover training and demonstration of IPM with latestmode of communication.

E. Project for crop Diversification


Another emerging trend in the Indian agriculture is leading towards diversification which isopening up the prospects for horticulture, dairying, , floriculture, aquaculture, sericulture, api-culture and agro-forestry etc.This has been made possible due to the development of irrigation facilities as a result of whichmulti-cropping has become the order of the day. Farmers can no longer afford to go forfallowing their land, instead they prefer croprotation on scientific lines i.e., nitrogenconsuming crops (cereals) followed by nitrogen fixing crops (pulses and beans) or striking aproper combination of tree crops-cereal crops, horticulture-animal husbandry- pisciculture etc.Among horticultural products grapes, mangoes, oranges and bananas have great exportpotential. Export of these have an encouraging feature. Most of the horticultural products facethe problem of glut at the time of harvest can be exported for this a project channel is to beformulated and legalized.This needs the technology associated with the preservation of these products and their quickdelivery to marketing/consumer centers. In fact horticulture requires a better deal from thegovernment in agricultural planning. The processing of horticultural crop is only 0.5 per cent ofit, most of the fruits are eaten raw and the remaining of fruits and vegetables left to getspoilt. This can be prevented by using genetic engineering to enhance their natural defensesagainst fungus. Chitinase gene injected into tomatoes, potatoes, lettuces and other plantsensures their freshness till they reach their markets, saving millions of rupees spent onfumigation.

F. Project for Establishment & Maintenance of Seed bankSeed Bank Scheme has been implementing by GOI with the objective to meet requirement ofseeds during natural calamities and unforeseen conditions. Under this component,maintenance of certified and foundation seeds of identified crops, grants are provided formeeting 50% cost as revolving funds for procurement of seed, maintenance cost and pricedifferential for leftover seeds as non seed are reimbursed. Financial assistance is also providedfor development of necessary infrastructure for construction of seed storage as well as settingup of a data bank and information system for facilitating faster flow of information on the spot

Revolving Fund:- 50% of the cost of the seed as revolving fund for procurement ofseeds.

Maintenance charges:-1. Transportation charges:- On actual basis subject to the maximum limit of Rs. 100 per

quintal.2. Processing and packaging charges:- On actual expenditure basis subject to maximum

limit of Rs. 100 per quintal.3. Storage losses:- On actual expenditure basis but not more than 0.25% of the total

quantity.4. Insurance charges:- Actual basis or 0.5% value of seed whichever is less.


Price differential: - Funds is released to the participating organization on the basis ofactual loss incurred by them on this account or 10% of the quantity seeds kept duringthe year whichever is less.

Assistance for construction of Seed godown:- Maximum assistance would be availablefor Rs. 25.00 lakh for a godown of 10000/ quintal capacity. availability of seeds.

The implementing agencies are directed to make necessary arrangement for keeping the seedsof suitable crop/ varieties of short and medium duration late sown flood and drought resistantvarieties of different crops having adaptability in their state and adjoining states. The cropscovered under the scheme are Wheat, Paddy, Maize, Sorghum, Bajra, Gram, Peas, Urid,Moong, Lentil, Arhar, Soybean, Sunflower, Cotton, Sesamum, Mustard/Toria, Moth, GroundNut, Ragi, Cowpea, Guar, Castor, Safflower, Bean, Linseed etc Projects for seed processingfacilities may be initiated

G. Project for Coordinating Private Sector’s and public sector for higher productivity<-With the increasing role of the corporate sector in technology generation and diffusion as hasbeen in case of cotton (Bt and Hybrid) There are potential gain that the society can have interms of higher production export and farmers to downsize the role of the public sector as itremains income, provided the policy environment is conducive to it. However this is not todown grade the role of the public sector as it remains responsible for creating an enablingenvironment for the corporate sector to operate, To carry forward the agriculture fordevelopment agenda amidst a rising class of corporate in the agriculture sector thegovernment need to play more proactive role as coordinator, facilitator and also a regulator.The project may have the plan for the two sectors working in partnership in tandem with thegovernment, farmers and allied group, the corporate sector .like The Pepsi. Bharti, Bilt, DCMShri Ram Consolidated (DSCL) Global Green company Limited (GGCL) Mahindra, TataChemicals, Chambles Fertilizers and few more are working in this field .There is need of timeto have coordination, implementation, legislation under one roof for higher productivity withprofit. with agril and allied sector’s projects, This is particularly desirable inarching out newtechnologies to the farmers through an informed network.

7.2 Horticulture SectorConsidering the development issues identified, the policy has been opted and the specificinterventions have been recommended for major horticulture crops, as detailed below. Thesemajor recommended interventions have been projectized into action plans of the concernedCDAPs. A brief description of the major interventions recommended is given below:

DISTRICT SECTOR1.Multi story Orchard (For BPL farmers for 1 acre @ Rs 45,000/- per acre with drip andfencing)


Multi-storeyed plantation scheme is designed to provide support to weaker section of societyas well as to develop good quality fruits, vegetables and flowers.

The beneficiaries of the scheme will be BPL family members having proper irrigationfacilities and have modest to suitable awareness in vegetable growing.

Mango (grafted), Papaya, Guava, Jack fruit, Custard apple, etc. will be planted. Assistance of 50% or maximum Rs. 45000/- will be provided to per beneficiary family,

priority will be given to women. Fencing will also be done to protect the plant from grazing animals and other nuisance. Orchards will be facilitated by drip irrigation system. All 51 districts are proposed for this scheme.

2. Onion StorageLack of onion storage facility push farmers to sell their farm produce at minimum rate in peakseason consequently, they cannot increase their earnings. Even though, if they want to storethe crops produced, they do not have the facilities to protect onion from moisture and wetconditions at large.

The scheme is designed to provide facilities to the onion growers to store their producein storage house which will be installed as demonstrated at district head quarternursery in each district having a capacity of 50 M.T. each. Assistance will be provided50% or maximum Rs. 1.60 lakh and 25 MT capacities with assistance of Rs 0.80 lakhs tofarmers for the construction of onion storage Increase ing earning of onion growerProtect farmers crop at their farm level from wet and monsoon environments.for thecoming year and assistance norms are fallowed as per MIDH guidelines Increase inearning of Onion grower farmers. Protect farmers’ crop at district level from wet andmoisture environment

3. Vermi-compostingVermi-compost is a nutrient-rich, natural fertilizer and soil conditioner prepared from farmwaste with the help of earth worms . The process of producing vermi-compost is called vermi-composting. Vermi-compost improve the soil health, its physical structure, enrich soil andmicro-organisms, adding plant hormones, improve soil porosity, capillarity activity and waterholding capacity of soil, also enhance germination plant growth and crop yield. This helps inuptake of elements like N.P.K., Mg, etc. Soil moisture remains for long time. Ultimately vermicompost helps in better crop production. This will also help to build desirable soil fertility. Andcut-off dose of chemical fertiliser thus saving the nation from pollution

In this scheme, vermi-compositing unit of a size 50’ X 3’ X1.125 will be installed inselected districts. The unit cost and Subsidy provided will be 50% or Rs. 16000/-whichever is lower. Now the norms are followed as per MIDH guidelines


4. Distribution of Plastic Crates on subsidyUsually transportation loss is very high with the horticulture produce. This scheme is aimed tominimize losses during handling of the horticulture produce while being transported todifferent places. Assistance of 50% or maximum Rs 125/- per crate will be given to farmer in51 districts as part payment of the actual cost of the crate and rest of the part will be borne byfarmer.

5. Betel-vine cultivation with improved technology. Betel vine requires proper shade and irrigation etc for successful cultivation as the crop

tolerates a minimum temperature of 10ºC and a maximum of 40ºC. This crop needs proper management of water, nutrients, weeds, pest and disease and

proper plant protection. But unfortunately, the production of this crop is decreasingregularly due to lack of facilities and technology. Cultivation of betel-vine is done byespecial group of farmers / people in Madhya Pradesh and their socio-cultural andeconomic identity is related with this crop.

It is intended to provide assistance of 50% maximum Rs. 30000/- to each grower for 500sq meter for procurement of bamboos, shade-net erection, spray pump, motor-

pump for irrigation, drip system etc. Rest of the amount of unit cost will be shared bythe beneficiary.

Year 2015-16 on wards assistance will be given up to 35% maximum Rs 42000/-for unitof 500 sq.meter

6. Distribution of fruits plant and vegetables seed distribution around the well, tubewell.This activity is intended to use waste water available around well & tube wells for productionof fruits & vegetables. This will help in increasing the earnings through surplus sale, along withbalance nutrition to the beneficiary family

The families in a group, from each district will be selected. Assistance of Rs. 250/- inform of fruit plants & vegetables seeds will be provided to each.

7. Hybrid seed distribution in summer season. This scheme is intended to replace low yielding varieties of watermelon, muskmelon &

cucurbits by providing improved high yielding varieties to poor growers along withfungicide/ hormone. Assistance will be provided 50% or maximum Rs. 400/- to eachbeneficiary.

Now the cost norms of MIDH will be fallowed in year2015-16 and onwards with 35 to50% assistance,

8 Infrastructure development in Seed production Farms


It is of utmost significance that there should be constant infrastructure development in thefarms belonging to the Directorate of Horticulture & Farm Forestry, Madhya Pradesh forvegetable & spices seed production, so that improved services can be provided and fulfil thestate seed demand in different scheme. The infrastructure development will be done in thefarms, where seed production of potato and vegetables will be done. Observatory, improvedimplements, testing machine, grading & packing machine etc will be provided.

9. Improvement of farms and nurseriesThe Directorate of Horticulture & Farm Forestry, Madhya Pradesh is operating 307 nurseries inthe state. There is a constant demand being created in different schemes as well as scope foropen sale of fruit plants.A scheme is being proposed for the development of nurseries. As per this scheme, a fixednumber of nurseries will be selected for development. It is intended to produce fruit plants tofulfil the demand created in different schemes and for open sale.

10. Pack House Generally 25-30 percent fruits and vegetables are lost during its post harvest handling.

This results in huge loss of revenue, which otherwise could have been earned and thisloss could have been curtailed

There is a need to increase the number of multipurpose Pack houses The total capacityof cold Storage facilities is over 7 lakh tonnes out of this , about more than 50% of totalcapacity utilised by potato it self

To reduce these losses, it is intended to establish pack houses in each districts in thoseareas where fruits and vegetables are grown in large areas. These should be multi-chamber cold storage units with technologies which are energy efficient with provisionfor thermal insulation, humidity control, advanced cooling systems, automation, etc.,having specifications and standards approved by Govt.

An amount of Rs. 4.00 lakhs per pack house is being proposed for Govt Nursery & asper NHM norms for farmers 50 % of capital cost or maximum Rs 2.00 lakhs Grant isproposed.

11. Banana DevelopmentThere is a vast possibility of development of Banana in the state. For this purpose one post of arank of Deputy Director, is sanctioned in the department. However, due to lack of fundsexpansion of banana could not be achieved.Under this scheme, plants raised from tissue culture technology will be provided. The arealimit is 0.250 to 0.500 ha .per farmer Here 50% subsidy or maximum Rs. 62000/- Assistance willbe provided to each beneficiary.


12. Rejuvenation of Orchards In M.P, there are number of orchards in the age group of 20-30 years, whose

horticultural production has gone down over the years. However, they still have thepotential for increased productivity if they are properly taken care of.

With an aim to address this issue, this scheme on rejuvenation of old orchards is beingproposed. Here old orchards of mango (25-30 years), citrus groups and guava in theage group of (15-20 years) will be included. As per guidelines of National HorticultureMission, these orchards with low density tree population will have to be maintained atthe desired level. Canopy management of old and senile orchard through severe levelof pruning will be done. Nutritional management will also be improved for betterproductivity up to profitable level.Therefore, assistance will be given in this componentto farmers. Rs. 15, 000/- per hectare and minimum limit will be 0.250 ha. to 2 ha.

13 Study Tour of farmers Seeing is believing is best leaning medium. Farmer tour for exposure visit or study

tour's are proposed outside the state. Farmer's will visit centre of excellence andadvance technology application situated in rout of tour. During visit farmers will sharethe experiences and interact the benefits of advancement and how they adopt in theirown field. Research and training institute will be also focuses of exposure visit.

14 Farmers Training CentreStrong training infrastructure is current need in every district head quarter. So many trainingactivities are carried out round the year from different sources. Many schemes provide onlytraining expenses. Proper training infrastructure is not available at the district level. Due tolack of suitable training programmes not prove effective.

It is proposed that training infrastructure with training hall, hostel along with otheressential facilities a training centre should be established at every district ..

Some training centres in selected districts are proposed every year.

15. Project On Strengthening Of Bio-Fertilizer Plant And Adoption of New Technology ForProduction Of Liquid Bio fertilizers (By Agro Industries Development Corporation)

Madhya Pradesh Government is pioneer in Organic farming and launching a separate policy tosupport organic farming in the state very soon. Strengthening of Bio- Fertilizer Plant andAdoption of New Technology for Production of Liquid Bio- Fertilizers will support the policy byenhancing the availability of these bio-fertilizers in the state. Reducing the use of chemicalfertilizers will help the farmers in reducing the input cost along will reduction of huge amountof subsidy bill on chemical fertilizers. In addition to these savings, use of bio-fertilizers mayalso help in protecting the natural resources like soil and water by improving soil structure andreducing water pollution.


The existing plant which was established and whose production of biofertilizers werecommenced from the year 1986 the most of laboratory equipments and plantmachineries depreciation value has lessen down to zero and few are out of order andcannot be repaired and that such equipments are far off from modern technologies.Secondly that looking towards the awareness of organic farming amongst the farmersof the state our plant needs expansion.

Strengthening of Bio- Fertilizer Plant and Adoption of New Technology for Production ofLiquid Bio- Fertilizers

It is therefore proposed to consider this project for Strengthening of Bio- FertilizerPlant and Adoption of New Technology for Production of Liquid Bio- Fertilizers underRashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY). The strengthening of existing plant is proposedwith a view of procuring equipments and plant machineries with recent technologieswhich would replace the obsolete machines. This will increase the capacity andqualitative production of the plant. Introduction of new technology will also supportthe plant to produce the liquid bio-fertilizer in the state. Additional storage facilities,for raw and finished product, with advanced and modern technology have beenproposed to facilitate the delivery mechanism of the products in the state.

This project will be for a value of Rs. 450 lakhs..

16. Cold Storage Cold storage is a vital component in helping the farmers preserve their produce and sell

them in off season, hereby getting a better price. As per Norms of NHM constructioncost Rs. 6,000/- per M.T. An amount of Rs. 120 Lakhs or 40% subsidy is required forconstruction of maximum 5,000 M.T. capacity of cold storage.

Horticulture project undertaken during 2012-2017 Promotion of Protected Cultivation(I) Conducting research in Horticulture Crops(I) Extension and maintenance of Pomegranate Cultivation(PG) Developing model nurseries in selected Division Headquarters of the State(I) Nursery Up gradation ( Plug Type seedling for growing vegetable(I) Establishing the Cold storage facility & Increasing the volume under cold storage(I) Micro Irrigation Scheme for the farmers of Madhya Pradesh(I) Project to provide livelihood support to families of malnourished children through

Aagan Badi programme(I) Establishment of the Protected Horticulture Cultivation corridor along the Indore

Bhopal Highway(I) Setting up of Farmer Producer Organization in Mhow, Indore, (Potato Cluster) (I) Distribution of plastic crates (I)


Solar Based Micro Irrigation System (I Project on Developing Residency Kothi Garden in Indore (I) Flower cultivation using sewage water(PG) Area Extension of Vegetable around big cities. Onion storage(I) Strengthening and Development of Horticulture Nurseries& Parks(I) Betel vine Cultivation.(PG) Potato seed production through Aeroponic Technique (I) Hyb Seed distribution of Summer watermelon, muskmelon and Cucurbits to farmers .Cost of planting material for cultivation of high value vegetable .Gerbera and Roses in

poly houses extension of grape cultivation Machinery in Horti seed Production farms

Proposed Project formulation for Developing Horticulture SectorThe Horticulture sector encompasses a wide range of crops e.g., fruit crops, vegetable crops,potato and tuber crops, ornamental crops, medicinal and aromatic crops, spices and plantationcrops. Madhya Pradesh, with its wide variability of agro climate zones with soil variability, ishighly favourable for growing a large number of horticultural crops. It can be fastest growingsector within agriculture. It can contributes in poverty alleviation, nutritional security and haveample scope for farmers to increase their income. This is also helpful in sustaining largenumber of agro-based industries which generate huge employment opportunities. Presentlyhorticulture contributes 28 per cent of agricultural GDP. The national goal of achieving 4.0 percent growth in agriculture can be achieved through major contribution from horticulturegrowth.The Directorate of Horticulture act as a facilitator organisation in the efforts to achieve allround development of horticulture sector .i.e. fruits, vegetables floriculture, spices andmedicinal plants emphasis should be laid out on increasing production and productivity byproviding technical and other infrastructure with the objective of achieving horticulturedevelopment in the state

1.Production Technology & Skill Development;- For commercialization of horticultureproduction the quality production with scientific and technological inputs are to bedisseminated for wider use of increasing productivity , Package of practices of different and allhorticultural crops is to be technically formulated and with advance extension strategy is to bereached to farmers and production related agencies. for achieving higher productivity.Various Skill Development Initiatives to provide training to people to develop skilledmanpower in various items of horticulture development may be formulated and making itavailable to the community engaged in this sector


2. Hi-tech for Production of Horticultural Crops;- Developing High Density Planting (HDP) inHorticultural Crops has a potential to increase yields and reduce cost of production of severalhorticultural crops. It has already been exploited successfully in kinnow, orange, pineapple,banana and to some extent, in mango.3.Organic Farming in Horticulture: - , Organic Farming in Horticulture ,in their quest for higheryields, farmers are using heavy doses of fertilisers, herbicides, fungicides, pesticides, growthregulators. This results in not only increased cost of production but also drastically changes ourenvironment. In recent years, there has been emphasis on organic farming to obtain pesticideresidue-free fruits, vegetables, spices and other horticultural commodities. However, scientifictechnology with sound alternatives is not available. Keeping in view the benefits, which thistechnology offers along with higher returns in international markets for such products,systematic programmes need to be taken up. To ascertain and guarantee theconsumer/importer that the produce has been genuinely raised organically, the productionhas to follow basic organic standards. An Indian Organic Food Production Act, has to beenacted early to safeguard consumers’ interest and check exploitation of farmers. Suitableanalytical laboratories need to be established, both by the Government of India and stategovernments, to assess and evaluate the quality of inputs. Research and development onupgrading compost quality, biomass production, biofertilizers and bio control measures shouldbe the mandates of all agricultural research centres in the country.

Under this Project the vermi compost production units may be established for gettingorganic Horti produce which fetches good price which is remunerative to the farmers

4. Establishment of Analytical Laboratories:- Suitable analytical laboratories need to beestablished in the state to assess and evaluate the quality of inputs. Research anddevelopment on upgrading compost quality, biomass production, biofertilizers and bio controlmeasures should be the mandates of all agricultural research centres in the country. These laboratories have the facility for INM/IPM infrastructure such as Disease Forecasting

units, Plant Health Clinics ,Leaf Tissue Analysis Lab. and Bio control Laboratories.5. Micro propagation in Horticultural;-Micro propagation has emerged as an important toolfor quick production of large number of plants. It is already being exploited in crops likebanana, capsicum, tomato, chilli and several ornamental plants. There is an enormous scope inIndia for micro propagation of crops especially ornamental crops, in years to come. Theirprotocols, therefore, need to be further refined for higher efficiency. There is also need todevelop protocols for micro propagation in crops like mango, cashew, litchi, have a greatcommercial potential in India. Thrust on quality and strict avoidance of contamination hold thekey for the success of Indian tissue culture industry. Efforts are, therefore, required to achievehigh standards to meet international requirements. Further, innovative management practiceslike efficient use of techniques, such as, low cost polythene bags for raising plantlets, cheaperlaminar flow facilities with more capacity, minimum contamination and faster sterilisationneed to be developed and standardised.


6. Micro-irrigation and Fertigation in Horticultural Crops ,- Micro-irrigation has proved itsefficacy in saving water for improving yield but its large-scale adoption is limited to few of thecultivators especially for high value crops. High initial investment has been one of the criticalfactors. Therefore, there is need to develop a holistic approach to the problem througheffective integration of research, development, banking and related industries, so that the gapbetween potential and current status could be bridged. There is need to refine technology,improve design and articulate mechanisms for efficient utilisation of water through micro-irrigation. Availability of water-soluble fertilisers for Fertigation and related policy matters,also need to be addressed on priority7.Hybrid Seed and Seedling Production Technology ;-Hybrid Seed and Seedling ProductionTechnology for High Value Vegetable Crops under Protected Environment Climatic factors,like temperature, relative humidity and sunlight, influence plant growth and pollen production.Optimum climatic requirements need to be worked out for all the crops suited to Indianconditions to exploit properly the greenhouse structures. Nearly 40 per cent of the total costof hybrid seed production is incurred on labour employed for emasculation and pollination.Developing and Use of male-sterile lines is important in vegetable crops for hybrid seedproduction.8. Greenhouse Technology for Plant Propagation;- Presently greenhouse technology ispracticed by very few for plant propagation, therefore scope, exists for large-scale expansionof nursery activity under favourable microclimate created in cost-effective low cost structures.Efforts also need to be intensified to develop suitable technology for production of healthyand well developed seedlings in plastic perforated trays for Indian conditions. New growingmedia also need to be standardised for optimum plant growth. Refined techniques forhardening of seedlings, including root pruning, have to be standardised. Greenhouse design,structure and technology for producing high quality planting material need to be fine-tuned tosuit Indian conditions. Commercial grafting techniques with computer control as available formass production of certain plants may be developed, This is to be explore on PPA mode withcooperate sector as well9. Projects for Greenhouse Technology Floriculture for Production of Cut Flowers;- Rosecontinues to be the prime as floriculture product in the international market. India has provedits capability in growing and exporting roses despite several bottlenecks. Indigenousproduction technology based on ethnic growing media including coir-pith and post-harvestmanagement to overcome impediments needs to be developed and fine-tuned to suit ourclimate. Therefore, research & development efforts need to be intensified in floriculture. Tosustain and maintain superiority a diverse product mix is essential. As such, efforts need to bemade for identifying suitable products for viable diversification.10. Projects for Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Horticultural crops:- Horticulturalcrops are adversely affected by a variety of pests. These pests result in annual loss of over 35-40 per cent. For the success of hi-tech horticulture, integrated management of these pests isessential. Research & Development efforts are required to develop models for application of


IPM practices for important crops in different agro climatic zones. With intensification of inputuse in horticultural practices new pests like thrips, white flies, mites, , viruses and others mayemerge. To protect horticultural crops from such pests, greater vigilance and stringentquadrant ine measures are required.11 Projects on Development of post harvest management viz grading, packaging Storage andMarketing; - Projects of marketing opportunities and appropriate post harvest managementtechnological i.e. grading, packing, storage, transportation. Marketing of input are to beencourage for maximizing benefit to farmers and to increasepresent productivity – be formulated12. Projects for Human Resource Development Since, some of the derivatives of hi-techtechnology of horticulture development is new to the state, our training and techniquedevelopment curricula need to be fine-tuned to impart latest knowledge to both officials,farmers and associated agencies. Suitable nodal Training centres need to be developed toimpart training in various aspects of organised farming and post-harvest management13. Project for promotion of area expansion and technology incorporation in spices;-Spices

cultivation of Garlic, Chillies and Coriander is localized in Gird and Malwa plateau agro climaticzones with indigenous cultural practices resulting in lower yields, where as it has a major roleto play in export of agril commodity .Yield and quality enhancement can benefit the MPFarmer. Coordinated strategies may be included to popularized improved method ofcultivation expansion of the areas under spices, its processing packaging and promotion ofexport of these spices14. Creation of Water sources;-. Project is to formulate to provide for creating water sources

through construction of community tanks, farm ponds/reservoirs with plastic / RCC lining toensure life saving irrigation to horticulture crops on farmers participation mode. This will be inconjunction with MNREGS and wherever possible adequate convergence has to be ensured.These water bodies may be linked with Micro Irrigation facility for judicious use of water.Assistance under NHM will be limited to cost of plastic / RCC lining. Lining material shouldconform to BIS standards. However, where MGNREGS assistance is not available, 100%assistance, including the cost of plastic / RCC lining will be provided. Maintenance of the watersource will be the responsibility of the farmer community15 Setting up of new cold storage infrastructure Pre cooling / Refrigerated Van, Cold chaininfrastructure etc; For the proper storage of Horti produce setting up of new cold storageinfrastructure ,with Pre cooling / Refrigerated Van is very productive Cold chain infrastructurewith multi-chamber cold storage units with technologies having energy efficient with provisionfor thermal insulation, humidity control, advanced cooling systems, automation, etc., giveslonger storage to horticultural produce7.4 Agricultural Engineering Sector

Mechanization of agriculture is an essential input to the modern agriculture. It enhancesproductivity, besides reducing human drudgery and cost of cultivation. Mechanization alsohelps in improving utilization efficiencies of other inputs. The main thrust is to help the


farmers to raise the farm productivity through custom hiring of machines and introduction ofimproved farm machinery and equipments.

A) Activities undertaken

Offer Custom Hiring Services.

Machines are hired to the farmers, and other institutions for following activities; DeepPloughing using Chain Type Tractor Dozer at work - construction of Percolation tank andLeveling. ) Light cultivation and other Farm Operations. These machines are hired to thefarmers on custom basis at the rates prescribed by the Government for completion ofdifferent farm operations in a short duration. Rotavator is equipment, which helps inpreparation of seedbed after Kharif crops, like soybean and paddy etc in one go. Thus ithelps in conserving the residual moisture available in soil and reduces the cost ofcultivation. Due to the efforts of this Directorate this equipment has become immenselypopular in the State and now nearly 500 farmers own this machine.

Popularization of Improved Agricultural Implements and Machinery, throughDemonstrations in Farmers' Fields.

Subsidy Programme of Tractors, Power Tillers and Improved Agricultural Implements. Quality Check of Sprinkler and Drip Irrigation System being distributed to the Farmers. Developing of Prototype of New Agricultural Implements and the manufacturing in

Departmental Workshops. Training to Village Artisans on Manufacturing of Agricultural Implements. Yield Testing and flushing of bores. Popularization of Improved Agricultural Implements through Demonstrations. Under

Central Sector Scheme of 'Demonstration of Newly Developed Agricultural EquipmentIncluding Horticultural Equipments at farmers fields', newly developedagricultural/horticultural equipments and machinery are procured and theirdemonstrations are carried out at farmers' fields .The effect of these demonstrations hasbeen very positive, with the result farmers have now started opting for improved farmmachines like; Rotavator, seed-cum-ferti drills, paddy transplaners, garlic planters,weeders, straw reapers, threshers and mini-rice mill etc.

Subsidy on Small Tractors: -Under Centrally Sponsored Macro-Management Scheme inwhich sharing pattern between Union Government and State Government is in the ratio of90:10,all category of farmers are eligible for subsidy on purchase of small tractors up to 35Horsepower up to Rs.30, 000/- subject to maximum of 25% of the cost Since availability oftractors in Madhya Pradesh is comparatively low, farmers are coming forward in largenumber to avail the benefit of this programme .The programme is tied with institutionalcredit.


Subsidy on Power Tillers : - Power tiller is a small tractor which can be used as a primemower for operating different farm machines like Rotavator, seed drill etc in small fields,gardens and orchards. This is very useful equipment for small farmers who cannot afford atractor .On purchase of power tiller, subsidy up to Rs.30, 000/- subject to maximum of 25%of the cost is admissible to all categories of farmers .The scheme is gradually picking up inrice growing areas and in areas where farmers have orchards.

Subsidy on Improved Agricultural Implements text- Under Centrally Sponsored Macro-Management Scheme, subsidy upto 25 % of the cost on improved bullock drawn andpower operated implements and farm machines is admissible to all category of farmers.Under this programme, nearly 1.50 lakh bullocks drawn and hand operated improvedagricultural equipments are being distributed to the farmers of the State annually, with theresult we have been able to reduce human drudgery and enhancing production andproductivity besides reducing the cost of cultivation. The State is proud to be at the top indistribution of improved agricultural equipments in the country. Some of the improvedagricultural implements, which are included in the subsidy programme, are;

Bullock drawn implements distributed such as Mould Board Plough, . Improved Bakhar,Seed-cum-ferti.drills, . Weeder, Groundnut Digger . Potato planter, .Garlic planter, . Bundformer. Groundnut decorticator, .Maize Sheller, .Low lift water Device etc.

Power Drawn/Power Operated distributed such as Ploughs, .Harrows, .Rotavators, .Seed-Cum-ferti.drills, Inclined Plate planters, Self propelled paddy tranplanters, Multicropthreshers, Reapers,Mini dal mill, .Mini rice mill etc

Under this Directorate, there are 4 major workshop at Bhopal Gwalior Jabalpur Satna and4 minor workshops, located at; Indore Vidisha Shivpuri Khandwa

In these workshops, besides repairing of departmental machinery,the prototypes ofimproved agricultural implements, suitable for particular region is undertaken. Besides thisactivity, the manufacturing of improved bullock drawn and hand operated agriculturalimplements is also undertaken. These implements are provided to the farmers againstsubsidy programme.

Training to Village Artisans on manufacturing of agricultural implements: -In order toupgrade the skill of village artisans on manufacture of agricultural implements by applyingthe modern techniques, a training programme is being run by the Directorate at Jabalpurin coordination with Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Jabalpur..

B) Proposed project formulation

Agricultural Machinery Custom Hiring Centres (CHC):_Indian agriculture is undergoing agradual shift from dependence on human power and animal power to mechanical powerbecause increasing cost for upkeep of animal and growing scarcity of human labour.Further, use of mechanical power has a direct bearing on the productivity of crops apart


from reducing the drudgery and facilitating timeliness of agricultural operations. Thusthere is a strong need for taking farm mechanization.Objectives: To make available various farm machinery / equipments to small andmarginal farmers To offset the adverse economies of scale due to high cost of individualownership To improve mechanization in places with low farm power availability Toprovide hiring services for various agricultural machinery/implements applied for differentoperations. To expand mechanized activities during cropping seasons in large areasespecially in small and marginal holdings. To provide hiring services for various highvalue crop specific machines applied for different operations.Custom Hiring Centres CHCs are basically a unit comprising a set of farm machinery,implements and equipment meant for custom hiring by farmers. Though certainimplements and equipment are crop specific, the traction units like tractors, power tillersetc., and self-propelled machinery like combine harvesters etc., are used in common.Therefore, an ideal model envisaged in this project comprise farm machinery that arecommonly used for tillage operations for all crops, multi crop equipment and a minimumof crop specific machinery ,Another set of equipment and machinery can b included as ptthe progress of work continuedProvision of a workshop shed may be made for parking the machinery, carryout day-todayrepair, maintenance and service works .Budget .for publicity may also be included in theproject

Testing and Training Center of Farm Machinery”;-the centre normally established toensuring supply of quality agricultural machinery and equipment to the farmers under

Government programmesObjectives of the Centre:

To Test farm equipments (hand tools, implements and machines) to assess theirworking performance, suitability and certification.

To carry out laboratory and field tests and experiments in order to check theirperformance in detail.

To establish standardization in parts, components, assembly, systems etc. to bringquality and to reduce repairing, replacement cost.

The assignment with this centre is to impart training on use, repairs, andmaintenance and management aspects. The quality and standard agriculturalequipments become helpful to perform different farm operations efficiently andeconomically. Thus, saving in labor, time and cost can be achieved, which bringdown the cost of agricultural production. Timely sowing, inter culturing, plantprotection and harvesting operation become helpful to minimize the crop lossesand to increase the crop production.


The efforts will be made to establish standardization in parts, components,assembly, systems etc. and popularization of standard equipments in the State tobring quality equipments, interchangeability of parts and to reduce repairing andreplacement cost. Various types of equipments produced by the manufacturer ofthe state and national level have been received for evaluation of their workperformance and feasibility like seed dressing drum, bullock drawn drillingattachment, hand operated weeder, hand seed drill, manually operated seed drillwith cultivator, bullock drawn seed cum fertilizer drill, post hole digger, bullockdrawn multipurpose pipe frame implement, bullock drawn plough, cono weeder,paddy weeder hand winnower, chaff cutter, ridger plough, hand wheel hoe, cottonplant puller, maize sheller, bund former, tractor drawn seed cum fertilizer drill,mould board plough, reversible mould board plough, disc plough, rotavator,cultivator, leveller, disc harrow, blade harrow, sub soiler, potato planter, potatodigger, groundnut digger, groundnut/ castor decorticator, harrow karab, batteryoperated sprayer / cotton picker etc.

The receipt also generated with the development of this project with establishmenton public private mode

7.5 Animal Husbandry SectorDepending on the development issues identified, the policy has been opted and hence thespecific interventions have been recommended for the development of Animal HusbandrySector, as detailed below. These major recommended interventions have been projectized inthe action plans of the CDAPs. A brief description on the Progress, existing & majorinterventions, recommended is given below:

DISTRICT SECTORStrengthening of Districts and Block level Veterinary Hospital;- The efforts for animal Healthservices are listed below ( Numberin lakh )Sr

NoItem 2010-2011 1011-2012

1 Animal Treatment 47.42 64.132 Medicine Distribution 38.12 41.253 Immunization (TIKAKARAN) 120.23 118.034 Testing of Samples 3.44 3.45Source Administrative Reporting Animal Husbandry adept Go MP 2012-2013

This shows that the veterinary assistance in increasing year to year basis.In last two decadesthe advancement in the field of biomedical engineering has been adopted in veterinary fieldand various sophisticated diagnostic and clinical instrument and technologies, such as


radiography, ultrasound, laser therapy, electro & echo cardiography, polymers chain reaction,cell culture ,fluorescent microscopy have become a routine not only in the western world butalso in some of the states of India. However due to lack of these instruments students ofveterinary college are not keeping pace with their contemporaries. This needs to equip andStrengthening of Districts and Block level Veterinary Hospital and services in phased manner Aproject formulation will assist the welfare of animal wealth by some interventions as . Strengthening of various faculty laboratories with making available equipments for

veterinary anatomy, veterinary physiology, veterinary pharmacology, veterinarymicrobiology, veterinary physiology, veterinary proctology, veterinary pathology,veterinary public health, veterinary surgery & radiology, animal genetics & breeding etc.

Purchase of various laboratory equipment for various faculty of veterinary college.This project will be implementing by Dean of respective veterinary college. The overalloutcome of all this infrastructure will improve the quality of veterinaryteaching which will in future make improvement in the health and production of livestocksector.

2.00 Fodder development programmeAs per Cattle census of 2003 Madhya Pradesh state requirement of fodder is 2131 lac metrictones (approx.) Green Fodder and 600 lac metric tones Dry Fodder. Presently M.P. state isproducing 391.0 lac metric tones of Green Fodder and 600 lac metric tones of Dry Fodder. Thisshows that there is a deficit of 80% green fodder while dry fodder is sufficient. This lack ofgreen fodder is the reason behind the low milk production in M.P. as compared to otherstates. Hence it is necessary to propose the fodder Development Programme on land of eachdistrict of M.P. The biomass will produced will help to minimize the gap between availabilityand the requirement of the fodder. The forage that will be obtained from these lands will beutilized as reserves by establishing fodder bank depots. The biomass production from thegrassland will be cheaper and contribute in increasing the animal production.The scheme will enable improvement of degraded grassland and allow the vegetation cover ofproblematic soil like saline, acidic & heavy soil. Under this Programme the specific grasses oflegumes will be identified for particular type of soil so that a vegetation cover may be providedwhich will not only give additional quantity of fodder but will protect the land from soilerosion. In addition to the fertility status of land will also be improved by introducing suitablelegume grassland requiring regeneration through the process of natural recovery byclosure/exclusion of biotic interference will also be eligible for funding of the scheme.

Land development. Purchase of Fodder seed, and manure. In this project all the farmers of all category in the M.P., who is holding more than 0.25

Acre Land i e; which is not utilized for any purpose are eligible for this scheme. In eachDistrict 1000beneficiaries having Half acre land will be selected for this scheme i e;50×1000 =50000 beneficiaries will be benefited.


Animal Husbandry Department with the help of Deputy Director of Veterinary Servicesof districts will implement this project.

3.Establishment of Milk Chilling Centre at DamohAt present there is no dairy cooperative societies in Damoh district for collection of milk fromPashupalak. The survey is going on and there is possibility of organise the dairy cooperativesocieties to collect the milk from farmer. For this milk there is necessity of milk chilling centreto store and prevent the detoriation of milk.

Establishment of milk chilling centre, building and necessary equipment for milkchilling.

Building for milk chilling centre including store. Equipment for milk chilling centre Milk chilling Unit. Weighing machine Milk cans Milk Storage Tanks Other equipment for milk chilling

4 Establishment of Milk Testing lab at GwaliorDue to seasonal variation it is normal phenomena during summer, the milk production reduceupto 40% of the milk production in flush season. Still the 80% of milk production is in the handof unorganised dairy sector. This unorganised dairy sector fulfilled the demand of milk andmilk product by opting several method of adulteration such as adding urea, mineral oil, animalfat, colour paint, water and caustic soda which is dangerous for mankind.To protect and ensure safety of human health care, there is urgent need to createinfrastructure facilities for testing of milk and milk product which is afford for sale forconsumption to human being.There is a need of milk testing laboratory and equipment for this laboratory.Component :

Building. Centrally air conditioned plant. Milk & milk product testing lab equipments Chemical and microbiology instruments.

STATE SECTOR1. Introduction of new training programme and Strengthening of State level training centreThere are three training centres in the state as follows-State Level Training Centre, Bhopal

Training Centre, Mandla


Training Centre, Shivpuri First two training centres are exclusively for artificial insemination trainings, while for

practical training participants are sent to field veterinary institutions due to lack offacilities for practical training in these training institutions.

Various Skill Development Initiatives to provide training to people to develop skilledmanpower in various items of, animal husbandry may be formulated and making itavailable to the community engaged in this sector

Capacity building is one of the major issues to be taken up in the department. Despiteadvances in the technology and concept of the development, orientation andsensitization programmes have not been taken up in the department, especially that ofthe machinery on the cutting edge. On the other hand, multiplicity in responsibilities inthe field of animal husbandry calls for different specialized trainings.

Trained manpower available for better quality and cost effective service delivery. Effective implementation of departmental schemes. Existing training centres do not have the broad spectrum coverage of training needs

and require strengthening in order to expand the coverage. State level AI Trainingcentre will be taken up as a centre of excellence and other centres will be strengthen ina specific stream. This will be done through out-sourcing identification of trainingneeds, designing training modules and involving resource persons. This training centrewill be useful foe in-house capacity building.

Components of the project Strengthening infrastructure Designing Trainings and training modules Equipments and Furniture Strengthening Library Consultancy Fee Van for exposure visits Strengthening existing State Level AI Training Centre situated in Bhopal for overall

trainings in different fields of specialization. Coverage will be the whole state. Department of Animal Husbandry will be implementing this project.

2. Goats; -a)Goat Breeding Farm :- Goat Breeding Farm :-Gwalior established with the following details

Srno

Name of the GovtFarm

Farm wise informationEstablishmentyear

BreedAvailable

Total animalStrength

LandAvailable inacre

1 Govt.Goat BreedingFarm

1980 Jamanapari 380 312


Aron( Gwalior)Similarly Sheep breeding farms are available at the following Location1 Govt,Sheep Breeding

Farm BasakhdiMandsaur

1954 Hy MerinoKauridel

69 141

2 Govt.Sheep BreedingFarm

1975 Rambulet 175 3500

3 Govt.Sheep BreedingFarm Pandora Shivpuri

1958 RambuletKauridel

340 356

4 Govt.Sheep BreedingFarm Aron Gwalior

1980 Jamanapari 380 312

5

b)Establishment of Integrated organic Goat Breeding Farm, Kiratpur, Hoshangabad.Madhya Pradesh is one of state which attained highest growth in goat population from 1997-2003. The growth is M. P. state was 25.84% Whereas in India the growth the same period was1.33%. Goat are mostly reared by schedule cast, schedule tribal and Backward population ofM.P. Nine district out of 48 district, contributes about 40% of goat population of the statemost of them are tribal district. M.P. state is developing as goat state, because (a) ShortGeneration Interval, (b) Prolific Breeder, (c) Easy Marketing, (d) Gainful employment of about184, 309 and 437 labour man days in small unit (1-8) medium (9-16) and large units.Contribution of children & woman is upto 88-91% in all groups., & (e) ATM for poor people invillage.The body weight of non-descript breed goat at the age of 1 year is 18-20 Kg. and the bodyweight of other Indian breed, Jamunapari 36 Kg., Barbari 25 Kg., Sirohi 34 Kg., whereas in BoerGoat 80 Kg. Male produced at the farm will be given to goat farmer for breed improvement.Goat in Madhya Pradesh contributes Rs. 500 Crores to State GDP. By introducing breedimprovement programme and the contribution to state GDP will be increased & the profit tofarmer will also be increased by 25-30 percent.

Farmers will be trained in Goat management. Cattle Breeding farm Kiratpur District Hosangabad has 200 Acres of uncultivable land,

where pesticides & chemicals has not been used for the feed & fodder, the same willbe grown in 100 acres of land, which is at present is uncultivable, which will be madecultivable.

For treatment Ayurvedic medicine will be used. Five Breeds of Goat – Jamunapari, Barbari, Jakrana, Sirohi & Boer will be maintained at

Cattle Breeding Farm, Kiratpur, District Hosangabad. In Madhya Pradesh 8 Lakh family are rearing goat. They all will get benefit of the

scheme. The goat of farmer will be improved & they will get more prices due to higherbody weight. The organized farmer will be able to sale the goat milk, thus increasingtheir income.


3. Establishment of automated monitoring systemDepartment is implementing various schemes, programmes & routine activities. There is lackof effective monitoring of the above said programmes. The reason for this is lack of timelyreporting, inaccuracy of data & incomplete data for compilation.For timely reporting & accuracy of reports establishment of automated monitoring system isrequired. For this software will be prepared in which data will be entered directly & reportswill be generated as per the requirement of the department. Following activity will beundertaken for this -

Development of data collecting formats. Development of Web enabled monitoring system. Component of Project: Development of data collecting formats. Web enabled software for monitoring system. Implementation Agency:;-For establishment of automated monitoring system formats

for collection of data will be prepared by the department. Based on these formats webenabled software for generating reports will be developed by MP State ElectronicDevelopment Corporation (MPSEDC). Complete project will be implemented by thedepartment.

4. Strengthening of Feed Analysis laboratory at BhopalThe total productivity of the animal depends upon the quality of the feed which they havebeen fed by the farmer. Most of the farmers purchase the feed from market which may be ofinferior quality. This type of inferior quality feed can be checked by strengthening of this FeedAnalysis laboratory.

5.Strengthening of laboratories, vety. Collages (Mhow & Jabalpur ) In last two decades the advancement in the field of biomedical engineering has been

adopted in veterinary field and various sophisticated diagnostic and clinical instrumentand technologies, such as radiography, ultrasound, laser therapy, electro & echocardiography, polymers chain reaction, cell culture, fluorescent microscopy havebecome a routine not only in the western world but also in some of the states of India.However, due to lack of these instruments students of veterinary college are notkeeping pace with their contemporaries.

Strengthening of various faculty laboratories like veterinary anatomy, veterinaryphysiology, veterinary pharmacology, veterinary microbiology, veterinary physiology,veterinary paracetology, veterinary pathology, veterinary public health, veterinarysurgery & radiology, animal genetics & breeding etc.

Projects undertaken;-Projects were undertaken by the Animal Husbandry Department fromthe year 2012-16


ANIMAL HUSBANDRY Projects undertaken During 2012-161 Conversion of district-level Veterinary Hospitals to Polyclinic2 Expansion of Disease Investigation Facilities in M.P.3 Establishment of New Integrated Livestock Development Centers4 Small Holder Poultry egg production No. of Beneficiaries5 Infertility eradication program in animal6 Liquid nitrogen plant units at various stations7 Solar Water Heating System at Indore, Ujjain,Gwalior & Jabalpur8 Establishment of Quality Control Labs at Dairy Plants & Chilling Centers9 Strengthening of Mandsaur Dairy Plant10 Strengthening of Ratlam Dairy Plant11 Strengthening of Milk Dairy Plant at Indore.12 Establishment and certification of Advanced Animal feed Quality Testing Laboratory13 Establishment of Indigenous Cattle Research Centre for Development of Panchgavya Products14 Strengthening of Animal Biotechnology Centre for improvement of livestock in Madhya

Pradesh15 Strengthening of Instrument and Equipment facilities at College of Veterinary Sc. And A.H., JBP16 Establishment and certification of Advanced Animal feed Quality Testing Laboratory17 Establishment of Advance Large Animal Clinic Cum Diagnostic Centre At Imalia Farm, Imalia,

Jabalpur18 Survey Indicators of birth & mortality of cattle & buffalo under RKVY19 A Study on disease incidence & prevalence in cattle and buffalos20 Strengthen of Dairy Plant at Banmore (District Morena) (I)21 Project on Establishment of Liquid Nitrogen Plant Units at various stations (I)22 Conversion of district-level Veterinary Hospitals to Polyclinic23 Expansion of Disease Investigation Facilities in MP (PG24 Provision of Travis & Shed for Expansion of Vet. Services to Gram Panchayat Level. (I)25 .Strengthening Of Poultry farms (PG)26 Strengthening and Modernization of State Veterinary Hospital, Bhopal (I)27 Up grading the local non-descript goat population using Sirohi and Barbari breeds of goat in

Narsingpur district of Madhya Pradesh” (PG)28 .Establishment of Automatic Flavored milk filling line (Plastic Bottle) at Ujjain (I)29 .Strengthening Livestock Farmers’ Residential Training Programmes (PG)30 .Strengthening of Chindwara Dairy Plant (I)31 .Strengthening of Jabalpur Dairy (I)32 .Mass De worming PPR disease control and Nutritional enhancement programme for Sheep

and Goat in Bundelkhand region (PG)33 .Production of high quality embryos by OPU-IVF technology for improving productivity and

conservation of indigenous breeds of cattle and buffalo (PG)34 . Establishment of Cattle Feed Plant at Kiratpur Itarsi, Distt. Hoshangabad (I)35 Strengthening of Milk Chilling Plant Multai by making milk-can free dock36 Developing one Milk Can Free Route of Ujjain Dairy Dock through installation of Bulk Milk

Cooler37 Developing Milk Can Free Raw Milk Reception Dock (RMRD) at Mandsaur Dairy plant through


installation of Bulk Milk Cooler38 Expansion of Disease investigation facilities in M.P.39 Upgrading the local non discript goat population using Sirohi and Barbari breeds of goat in

Narsinghpur district of MP40 Strengthening of 5 Milk Chilling plants in Malivaya, Pachore, Silwani,41 Milk Packing Station at Khandwa Chilling Station42 Establishment of Nucleus Pig Farm43 Automation of Bhopal Dairy Plant

Proposed Project formulation for Animal Husbandry Sector 2016-171.Project for Integrated Fodder production and feeding Managements;- TheProject aim maybe to promote rural livelihoods and enhance incomes through an environmentally sustainablefodder production and farmer friendly integrated livestock management system Promotion ofFeed Resources. The fodder production can be enhance by promotion of Feed Resources onPrivate Land by Nursery Establishment Fodder and forage promotion in private and publicland, and Treatment of dry fodder( hay) . fodder production can be increased by Shrub andTree Saplings planting on common land by managing Stone fencing/ walling ,Land cleaning ,Plant material purchase, Pitting ,planting, Protection and maintenance of fodder ,the grassplanting on Panchayat and Common Land has to be promoted. Soil and water Conservationand Soil Fertility Measures can have positive effect on fodder production .By havingPercolation Khaal (Tank) & Gully plugging and Bio- composting Live stock breedimprovement, health and its management can be initiated by assistance to paravet ,organisinganimals camp, Promotion of improve stock breed and insurance, Demo on better feeding planhave positive result livestock based micro enterprise such as setting up of live stock medicineunits ,cattle feed units and commissioning up of Bulk Milk cooler with accessories andStrengthening of micro dairies.2. Project for wide coverage of Educating Animal Husbandry to different Stakeholders;-

Project formulation for up grading of the existing Veterinary hospitals and opening &establishing of new Veterinary hospitals in tribal & rural areas.3. Project for establishing Home Reaching Veterinary Services in tribal areas and operation ofthese services on contact basis in 89 Tribal Blocks will be explored4. Project for e Vet services for the pasu palak especially in the remote village as GHAR

PAHUH SEVA will be mad operative for the benefit of Animal rearing Farmers5. Project for establishing Poly Clinics in all the district of MP & already established poly clinicswill be stream lined so as investigations with latest equipments and treatment facilities canreached to the Pasu Palak living in tribal & remotest place6. Project for Laboratories for Investigation of animal diseases may be established in theentire district in MP7. The production of semen liquid with GMP (Good Manufacturing Practice)and GLP(Good

Laboratory Technique)would be produced in Institute of Animal Health & Veterinary Biological.Mhow This Institute Is being Strengthened and modernized with focus on some of the


fundamental quality management issues as observed in such laboratories with aim to builda service with ‘quality’ as its focus, These type of institutes are having incorporation ofquality resources (facilities, personnel, equipment), documentation management , control riskmanagement and the evaluation of service quality as key elements. Arrangement for coldchain for storing and transportation of frozen Semen is to be made8.The production of semen liquid with GMP;-The project formulated with the aims to providebreeding, feeding and management services at the door steps of the dairy farmers in theproject area. These services will be provided through "Integrated Livestock Development (ILD)Centers". Under this project new A.I. Centers will be proposed to developed. Each of these A.I.centers will be operated by a local educated unemployed youth called as "GOPAL "with thetechnical guidance of Veterinary Department.9.Provision of Travis & Shed for Expansion of Veterinary Services at Gram Panchayat Level.Department’s core activities are to provide health & breed improvement services to thelivestock of the state. As per 19th Livestock census cattle population of State is 196.02 Lakh &Buffallo population is 81.87 Lakh. Department is providing health services to this hugelivestock through different Veterinary institutions. At present department is having 1008Veterinary Hospitals, 1569 Veterinary Dispensaries & 380 Key Village Units. VeterinaryDispensaries and Key village units are located at Gram Panchayat level where departmentalParavets (AVFO) is posted.It is very difficult to control large animals for their treatment in absence of a travis. For this,

manpower is required to cast the animal which may further cause injury or permanentdisability to animals, thereby, having impact on productivity.To ensure better Veterinary health services to the livestock at panchayat level basic

infrastructure facility (viz travis with shed) is to be provided. The department has trained Go-sewaks at panchayat level to extend primary veterinary aid to the livestock in his panchayat.This basic infrastructure will be used by the go-sewak to provide health services to thelivestock. Secondly, this infrastructure will provide a fixed location to the Vets & Paravets ofthe department at the time of field visit and the local livestock owner will bring their diseasedanimals to the place on particular days of Vet/ Paravet visits. Therefore, it is proposed todevelop basic infrastructure including a shed and travis in all such panchayats of the statewhere departmental institutes does not exist. It is proposed to cover such panchayats inphased manner.The project aims to develop this basic infrastructure at all the Panchayat headquarters of thestate where departmental veterinary institutions does not exist and will also exclude suchvillages where travis and sheds are provisioned under Bundelkhand Special Package. Thus18,020 such units are envisaged under the project.10 Eradication of Infertility in animalsInfertility is one of the major problems in Cattle and Buffalo in Madhya Pradesh. Ignorance

and illiteracy on the part of owners and poor treatment facilities in interior and inaccessibleareas are the factors which also contribute to infertility. Non conception / poor conception


lead to agalactia and thus, decrease the overall milk yield affecting state economy. Breedimprovement programmes also get hampered because of infertility. The problem is enormouslooking to large animal population of the stateThis program is adopted to increase reproductive capacity in the milk-giving animals, in thestate. Under this scheme, 15 animal infertility eradication camps shall be organized in everydevelopment block of each district of the state. For a regular follow-up and evaluating for theresults of previous camps, follow- up camp will be organized after 21 days wherein surgery,treatment for disease etc would be done. In this program free medical treatment shall bemade available to the growers/ farmers. A funding provision of Rs.10,000 per camp forexpenses towards medicines-instruments etc and Rs.2,000 per camp towards advertisementand publicity/expansion program is envisaged under the programme.Camps will be organized in order to identify infertile animals and treatment will be provided

therein. Oestrus synchronization will also be taken up in these camps in animals that haveactive ovaries. 15 Infertility camps will be organized in each block of all the districts. There willbe repeat camps after 21 days. The focus will mainly be on addressing the issues related togynecological problems of milch animals and oestrus synchronization.In addition, the farmers’ knowledge will be updated with latest technological development andvarious departmental schemes. Publicity of these camps will be made in advance to ensureactive and large participation of the livestock keepers. The outcome will be assessed after 21days of the first camp and further treatment will be provided to animals which could not comeon heat after getting treatment in the first camps.

11. Strengthening of newly established Veterinary DispensariesIn the state livestock healthcare service delivery system is primarily institution based. Though

the services are needed to be delivered at the famers' door step, the facility to store biologicalproducts, medicines, procurement and maintenance of equipments, place to perform surgical/ gynaecological interventions need an institution. Similarly a place for farmers to contact theveterinary health care personnel is highly required. Within the state it has been observed thatthose places where there is comparatively higher density of veterinary institutions, theservices are rendered quickly to farmers and hence, these areas have become more productiveareas, over a period of time, as far as, livestock is concerned.The livestock economy of our state is dominated by cattle followed by poultry, goats, buffalo'spigs and lastly sheep. Almost every household in the state who has some access to cultivableland owns cattle, although the productivity of different livestock species is abysmally low dueto several constraints. The actual production potential of the animals cannot be realized unlessthey are protected against diseases and disease causing parasites can cause huge losses due tomorbidity and mortality resulting into loss of production. To avoid production losses, thereshould be a well developed animal- health delivery system. Veterinary health care institutionsin the state include hospitals and polyclinics, dispensaries and mobile dispensaries. On anaverage, there are 16,000 livestock units per veterinary institution and 31,000 livestock units


per veterinarian which is for more than the recommendations of National Agriculturecommission.Due to the apparent shortfall in the number of veterinary institutions as compared to thedependent livestock units, there arises the necessity to construct and start more number ofVeterinary Institution all over the state and, strengthen the existing veterinary institutes toperform at full capacity. Priority is given for an area where public livestock service deliveryconverges is poor and, those high potential areas where the demand lies for superior qualityservices.Land required to initiate and sustain the activity is available. Selections of 203 para vets(Assistant Veterinary field Assistants) have been done and are inducted in AHD. Additional 385paravets are likely to be selected and put in place in near future. The budgetary allocationsunder AHD state plan is in a position to meet the requirement of medicines, vaccines andprojected recurring expenses. Assistance from ASCAD in diagnostic sector and from NPCBB inBreed improvement sector can meet projected requirements in these sectors.

12. Establishment of Nucleus Pig FarmPig is one of the most popular animals among the tribal as they have been rearing theseanimals since ages as a source of their subsidiary occupation or income. Madhya Pradesh is thelargest state in terms of tribal population. India is endowed with enormous livestock andpoultry wealth with variety of breeds of livestock and poultry constituting a rich and vitalresource for the country which may help in the alleviation of poverty and generation ofemployment. The state is mostly dependent on agriculture without irrigation facilities. Most ofthe land is infertile; unemployment problem is increasing day by day. The demand for meatand meat products is also increasing. In coming decade the demand supply gap will beaccentuated. Pigs are neglected species of animal. The pig population in Madhya Pradesh is175 thousand as per livestock census 2012 and the district Shivpuri of Madhya Pradesh hashigh potential for pig rearing. Any new venture in pig breeding or in processing will get assuredsuccess. The proposed venture therefore, is a step towards prosperity of farmers of the state.The project aims at providing the improved germplasm for advanced pig farming to thefarmers of the state which will improve the socio-economic status of the rural and tribalfarmers, rural youth and women of Madhya Pradesh. The project will also improve thenutritional status of people of the state through supply of high quality protein at lower cost.The animals will attain maturity at 8 months of age and 2 furrowing can be practiced in a year.Average litter size is 10 and farmer can earn income within 8-9 months. Females will be bredto generate next generation piglets. (Average litter size at birth is 10 and 2 furrowing can bepracticed in each year as mentioned above.) The number of piglets born from 40 females willbe 400 per furrowing and in one year there will be two furrowing giving rise to 800 piglets peryear. These will be distributed to 200 beneficiaries in the ratio of two females and one male.The rest of the piglets will be raised to replace the stock taking the mortality into


consideration. Pigs of 4-5 month age will be supplied to farmers as per the norms of Govt. ofIndia.The farmers of the state will be provided with the improved germplasm. Training programs forpig husbandry practices including pig breeding and rearing at the nucleus pig farm at thePadora Farm, Shivpuri would in turn impart skill development. Receipts will be generated bysale of pigs to the farmers, and other weaker sections of the rural areas. The project will helpthe beneficiaries of the rural areas to increase the productive and reproductive efficiency ofpigs along with uplift of overall socio-economical status of the farmers of the stateProjects that can be funded under RKVY(Infrastructure & Assets) stream

1.0 Project for Semen collection& artificial Insemination;-a)Present status,- For improvement of animal wealth and better breeding programme theprogress with Artificial Insemination units is as followsSr

NoParticulars 2010-2011 2011-2012

1 Artificial Insemination 9.09 11.412 Fertilisation with Artificial Insemination 2.66 3.483 Natural Insemination 1.99 3.044 Fertilisation with Natural Insemination 0.84 1.405 Sterilization 3.82 5.81

The progress by artificial and natural insemination is showing a positive trend. This needinfrastructure addition which will provide much needed Artificial Insemination & veterinarysupport services to all the dairy farmers in the project area. As mentioned the objective of theproject is to provide integrated services in breeding, feeding and animal management, in orderto create an appropriate economic and production environment to the dairy holders, whohave very poor access to the existing services. Moreover this will help in the internalgeneration of dairy stock by dairy farmers. This would translate into more milk and moreincome to the dairy farmers, thus meeting our objective of reducing malnutrition, alleviatepoverty and increased employment opportunities to the rural youth as Gopals.

Diagnostic lab including Mobile Units;- The Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory providesdiagnostic medical testing for infectious agents, toxins, and other causes of disease in animaldiagnostic samples submitted by veterinary practitioners serving animal owners, publicofficials associated with public health, law or wildlife management, and scientists withcollaborative research projects.The laboratory may also provides collaborative research support to the area and may have asignificant role in the training of veterinary Doctors and graduate students. This Lab. canprovide service, training, and research for zoo and wildlife organizations and other relatedagencies. The Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory faculty and staff to be composed of disciplinespecialists, including: pathologists, clinical pathologists, histo technologists, microbiologists,virologists, immunologists, parasitologists, and serologists. Many also have one or more


particular species and/or organ specialties to offer a well rounded approach to diagnosticmedicine with considerable depth. Frequent in-laboratory consulting on cases occurs inproviding the best possible diagnostic service. These services can be made mobile also withsuitable arrangements in big chassis van having all the emergent equipment to serve the ruralmasses with qualified staff.

10.Animal Ambulance (AA):- The Projects for the Animal Ambulance can have a 24 houremergency services helping the sick & abused animals. This can be managed with a set of Vet.Doctors The purpose is to aid abused and sick animals who without veterinary help would diean open painful death Animal ambulances have been retrofitted with specialized equipment todeal with animal emergencies. In home .Animal Ambulance provide oxygen, suction,intubation, ventilation, sedation and IV treatment for the animal as needed. AnimalAmbulance may be equipped with specialized scoop stretchers in order to safely transport ofanimal from one point to another safely, securely, and quickly. The fleet should be fullyequipped with this functional ambulances that cover the large area that is opted for serviceevery day. No animal or emergency is too big or small for Animal Ambulance to help with.Thisgives a second chance as this is pro life shelter, After suitable treatment the animals arereturned to their owner or rehabilitated in Goshalas and other animal shelter house .A fulldata base has to be maintained of the animal treated.The Tractor fitted with foddr Block Machines;- The services may be organized on PPA mode oron no profit basic with suitable subsidy availability with Milk Cooperatives. A provision fortractor fitted with fodder block Machine is to be made in this project. As advantage of dryfodder bale is that it is Easy to handle, cost Effective & safe for transportation .Agro-Residueblock can be loaded 9 ton in one truck. Fodder can be transported from surplus to deficit areasand difficult hilly area easily without transit loss. Four to 7 times more can be stored in Baleform in campier to Loose Fodder. Shelf life long so can be made available throughout the year.

11.0 Carcass Rendering Plant to collect the fallen animals for processing /utilization inscientific Manner: - Rendering is a process that converts waste animal tissue intostable, value-added materials. Rendering can refer to any processing of animal products intomore useful materials, or, more narrowly, to the rendering of whole animal fatty tissue intopurified fats like lard or tallow. Rendering can be carried out on an industrial, farm, orkitchen scale.The majority of tissue processed comes from slaughterhouses, but also includes restaurantgrease and butcher shop trimmings, expired meat from grocery stores. This material caninclude the fatty tissue, bones, and offal, as well as entire carcasses of animals condemned atslaughterhouses, and those that have died on farms, in transit, etc. The most common animalsources are beef, pork, sheep, and poultry.The rendering process simultaneously dries the material and separates the fat fromthe bone and protein. A rendering process yields a fat commodity (yellow grease, choice white


grease, bleachable fancy tallow, etc.) and a protein meal (meat and bone meal, poultrybyproduct meal, etc.).Rendering plants often also handle other materials, such asslaughterhouse blood, feathers and hair, but do so using processes distinct from truerendering. This type of plant can be established with Public Private Partnership (PPP) mode..The occupation of renderer has been deemed one of the "dirtiest jobs”.

12.00 Modernization of Animal Slaughter House;- Modernized Animal Slaughter House willbe established with the Objectives To establish a new system of slaughter of livestock alongwith network of cold chain and distribution on commercial basis.To develop models of slaughterhouses which can be run by private entrepreneurs in rural andsemi-urban areas with population of less than 50,000?To encourage value addition to the products in rural areas so that livestock owners get betterincome and wastage of by products of slaughterhouses is avoided.To ensure hygiene in meat production from the slaughterhouse to consumer table byestablishing cold chain and distribution system.Minimize clandestine slaughter and providepollution free environment.Cost of the plant ;-Establishing medium/small commercial Slaughter houses Model I - upto 50small ruminants may cost Rs 66 lakh; Model II -upto 25 large ruminants and 50 smallruminants may cost Rs 99 lakhs ;Model III -upto 25 large ruminants and 50 small ruminantsmay cost Rs 483 lakhs and Modernisation of existing facilities may cost another 200 lakhs50 % of Capital cost as back ended subsidy subject to a ceiling of Rs 30 lakh to 200 lakhs isavailable as per plant size

13.00 Markets for Live stock/Live stock products;-Marketing is an important aspect of anylivestock system. It provides the mechanism whereby producers exchange their livestock andlivestock products for cash. The cash is used for acquiring goods and services which they donot produce themselves, in order to satisfy a variety of needs ranging from food items,clothing, medication and schooling to the purchase of breeding stock and other productioninputs and supplies.In rural/urban settings , the whole meat marketing chain is often covered by traditionalbutcheries selling fresh meat produced in the immediate surroundings, thus avoiding longsupply chains. Butchers have direct contacts to the smallholder livestock producers andprovide fresh meat and specialized meat cuts to their customers. Having their own slaughter,cutting, processing and sales facilities ensures the freshness and traceability of the meatoffered. The responsible local authorities monitor the introduced meat hygiene and safetyregulations.As an alternative fresh meat is mostly generated in modern slaughter House and anuninterrupted cold chain is applied during cutting, transportation and marketing. Meatinspection and quality control procedures are put in place and implementation is monitored byGovernment authorities. Depending on the location,


In all above mentioned cases, strict regulations on meat hygiene and safety must be applied. Inorder to facilitate the efforts of Governments and regional and international authorities, FAOand WHO have established the Codex Alimentations. The various codes are frequently updatedand availed to authorities as guidelines for the establishment of appropriate food safetyregulations.

7.4 DairyIn the state the MP state Cooperative Dairy Federations is looking after the Dairy Developmentin MP with three stage infrastructure development in cooperative sector, The Progress underthis sector as follows

Table Physical and Financial achievement under Cooperative Dairy Development ProgrammeSr no Particulars 2010-11 2011-121 `Active Milk Cooperative Societies

(Number)4116 4637

2 Active Milk Cooperative SocietiesMembership (Number)

176419 197374

3 Collection of Milk (Litre per Day ) 5.86,913 7,20,3174 Marketing of Milk (Litre per Day 4,94,641 5,24,2765 Marketing of Animal feed (Metric tonne) 77,999 94,9776 Artificial Insemination (Number) 1,89,169 2,05,1677 Payment to Milk Producers( Rs in Corer) 482.27 669.588 Collection from Milk Marketing( Rs in

Corer)728.17 915.90

1.00 Milk Collection Centers & Infrastructure;-Automatic Milk Collection Station is a speciallydesigned integrated unit which is a combination of several units i.e. Milk Weighing System,Electronic Milk Testing, Personal Computer with printer and battery.The capacity of Automatic Milk Collection Stations is to analyse 120 to 150 samples per hour.The sequence of operations require insertion of smart card/identity number, pouring of milk

in a weighing container, collection of milk samples at the time of pouring, measurement of fatcontent and calculation of payment and printing of payment slip.Since the process is simple, no technical collaboration is envisaged for the project, however

the Milk Unions/Private Dairy Plants would be providing guidance to the societies/collectioncentres in purchase and installation of Automatic Milk Collection Stations and also training ofmanpower in operations and maintenance. The equipment also helps the milk cooperatives /milk collection centers in maintaining summary of milk collected and supplied together withthe rate on a daily, monthly and yearly basis. The Cost of Automatic Milk Collection Unit( ) 127000/-The Automatic Milk Collection Stations can be established with the following objectives.

To increase the efficiency and accuracy of fat testing in milk. To test for otherconstituents of milk like SNF%, Water % etc,.


To reduce the staff of the society/collection centre through automation and economisethe operations by avoiding manual registers.

To gain confidence of milk producers through transparent systems and therebyincreasing the milk procurement.

Potential areas: Many of the milk processing plants in cooperative as well as privatesector introduced the Automatic Milk Collection Stations in their procurementnetwork. These stations can be financed in most of the societies/milk collectioncentres where daily milk procurement is more than 350 litres.

Beneficiaries: These units can be established by the Milk Cooperative Societies of theCooperative Milk Union or Milk Collection Centre of private dairies. Alternatively individualsalso can be encouraged to set up these stations in tie up with organized dairies.

2.00 Purchase of Milking Machines (Single & Double Bucket) Milking Machine asPortable is important equipments for today's dairy industry, it is widely used in small, mediumand large Dairy farms. Also personal use is more and more common. Milking machine consistsof vacuum pump, milk pulsator, electric motor, milk bucket etc. And the motor could be usedas electric motor, diesel motor and gasoline motor. Milking Machine Features with mobilewheel, flexible and convenient to move the milk. Having Both operation and maintenance assimple. motor to meet& use in different uses voltage Low noise and for high milk production.Saving labor and improving economic of units.Unit cost may vary from Rs 9000to 15000 (US

$800-1500 for one Set))

3.00 .Setting of Milk Chilling/Bulk Milk Cooling Centres The Bulk Milk Cooling Unit comprisesof bulk cooling tank with accessories, DG set, weighing machine, weighing bowl, rollerconveyor, can wash tub, Automatic Milk Collection Unit (AMCU), water storage tanks etc withthe capacity of Bulk Milk Cooling Units ranging from 500 to 10000 litres. The bulk milk coolingcentres with the following objectives can be established.

To arrest bacterial growth, retain freshness and enhance the keeping quality of milk. To avoid economic losses to the producers due to spillage/sourage of milk. To make available quality milk for production of quality products for export as well as

to meet the domestic requirements. To reduce the transportation cost by regulating transportation of the milk on

alternative days or once in day for two collections and also through reduction inexpenditure on purchase and maintenance of cans.

To ensure clean milk production

Potential areas: Bulk Milk Cooling Units are now taken up in all parts of the country. Thescheme has potential to finance in Operation Flood programme (OFP) and also In non- OFPdistricts under Govt., private and cooperative sectors.


Beneficiaries: Village Milk Cooperative Societies of Cooperative Milk Unions or Milk CollectionCentres of private Dairies or. units. Producer Companies, SHG Federations, individuals in tie upwith private dairies can also take up the activity. The bulk cooling units are also considered aspart of large dairy farms and processing units. :The capital cost varies with the capacity and the specifications of the Bulk Milk Coolers.However, two models can be considered i.e. 2000 and 5000 litres capacity, whose unit costs(approximate) may be Rs. 12.80 lakhs and 20.00 lakhs respectively.Setting up /modernization/strengthening of milk processing units :-Organized dairy sector(both cooperatives and private) is presently handling only 10-12 percent of total milkproduction in the country. The target and achievements of milk production, procurement andprocessing in cooperative sector indicates, there is a wide scope for processing of milk andmanufacture of E Export performance: Dairy products form one of the fastest growingsegments in the livestock product export. The major products exported are malted milk foods,ghee and cheese (to some EXPORT POTENTIAL AND MARKEST;-Bangladesh, United Arab Emirates, Nepal, Sri Lanka and Oman are the potential countries forexport of malted milk products, butter and ghee. The export of milk and milk products tocurrently existing markets would increase to Rs.285 million and to new markets to Rs. 155million. Thus the exports is likely to touch Rs.440 million (APEDA estimates) by the turn of thecentury. The GATT agreement further gave a boost to the dairy industry, as India has a c 5.The objective of thes scheme is to enhance the keeping quality of milk and also to avoid

economic losses to farmers. For manufacturing various milk products to make it available forthe domestic market as well as for export markets. comparative cost advantage in regard tomilk production.i). TYPE OF PROJECTS

The type of milk processing projects that are normally considered for financial assistanceare: Milk Chilling plants:

It involves collection of milk from the villages, chilling the milk to 3-4 degree Celsius andtransporting to the main dairy for further processing and manufacture of products;

ii). Market Milk Plants:

It involves procurement of milk from the villages, chilling, pasteurization, homogenization,packing of milk of various brands (whole, standard, toned and double toned milk) andsupplying them to the consumers. The surplus fat is converted into ghee or table butter or soldas cream to bakeries;

iii). Composite Milk Processing Plants:


The project involves the collection of milk and processing into market milk and products likemilk powder, cheese, butter, ghee, etc.

PC based Automatic Milk Collection Unit at Milk Collection Center:-PC based AMCUcomprises of Computer ,Bi-Lingual DudhGanga Software, Milk Analyzer ,Churner. ElectronicWeighing Scale, Digital Display, Printer, UPS, Batter, Splitter etc.Milk is collected at the Milk Collection Centers (MCC) located in villages. Number of milkfarmers supply milk to these Milk Collection Centres. .PC based Automatic Milk Collection Unit(PC based AMCU) that automates the milk collection process at Milk Collection Centers. The PCbased AMCU helps in improving the day-to-day activities at these Milk Collection Centers. It isa complete milk collection setup in which the Weighing Scale & Milk Analyzer is integratedwith PC along with bi-lingual Dudh Ganga dairy management softwareThe purpose of PC based AMCU is to support the Milk Collection Centres for collecting betterquantity of quality milk in timely fashion. Reduced waiting period of farmers & elimination ofunfair practices are the results. Preparation of milk receipt & timely payments to farmer canhappen on shift basis with the use of DudhGanga software.

Working: Farmer brings milk in variety of containers and cans. At the MCC, a uniqueidentification number is given to each farmer. The operator enters the farmer code number inthe DudhGanga dairy software & takes a sample of milk for quality checking with MilkAnalyzer. It analyses parameters like FAT, SNF, added water & Temperature. The values areautomatically taken in the DudhGanga software and also displayed on the digital display tofarmer. Now Farmer pours milk into the Milk Can on weighting Scale. The weight is alsodisplayed on the Digital Display. It is also automatically taken into the DudhGanga software.According to the rate chart basis, DudhGanga software calculates the milk rate & finally aregional language receipt printout with all details is given to the farmer for the payments.

7.6 Fisheries SectorFisheries department is responsible for fisheries development and conservation the state, forwhich the department has resolved to continue through the available resources. Watersreservoirs, ponds and tanks are spread over 3.45 lakh hectares area in the state, from whicharea under waters reservoirs is 2.88 million hectares and area under rural ponds and puddle is0.57 million hectares. Total area of 3.36 million hectares has been brought under fish culturewhich include 2.86 million hectares of water reservoirs and 0.50 million hectares of rural lakesand ponds. From above mentioned area, 12 water reservoirs spread over 1.71 million hectareshave been transferred to Madhya Pradesh Fisheries Federation, 45 water reservoirs spreadover 0.134 million hectares are subject to the department and 2575 irrigation watersreservoirs, spread over 0.89 million hectares with average of 1,000 hectares have beentransferred to Panchayat Raj Institutions as per order number 1548/2008/36 dated 08.10.2008by Department of Fisheries, State government of Bhopal.


Depending on the development issues identified, the policy has been opted and hence thespecific interventions have been recommended for the development of Fisheries Sector, asdetailed below. Further, these major recommended interventions have been projectized in theaction plans of the CDAPs. A brief description on the Schemes & major interventionsrecommended are given below:DISTRICT SECTORA. Fish Seed Production:Fish seed is the main input in fish culture. The fish production & productivity is largely dependon quality fish seed stocking. The present available water area is 3.43 lakh hectare and out ofthis3.35 lah ha. Water area has been brought under fish culture. Till the end of 11th Five YearPlan, an additional 0.77 lakh hectare would be available for fish culture (3.74 lakh hectare totalavailability of water area till the 11th Five Year Plan). The estimated requirement o the fishseed in the State is 6100 lakh fry against the present fish seed production level of the state is5235 lakh standard fry, It is obvious that the availability of quality fish seed in adequatequantity is the essential for fish culture. To bridge the gap between requirement andproduction, to the large extent the construction of new hatcheries, development of rearingspace, strengthening of existing fish farm, and renovation of rearing space is proposed toutilize fish production infrastructure upto optimum level.To get self sufficiency in fish seed production, there is proposal for strengthening of existingresources, construction of hatcheries & new rearing area, renovation of existing farms in Govt.sector. To promote fish seed production in the Private sector, there is proposal to develop fourha.rearing spaces in each of the district in the private sector.To mitigate the regular power cut in the rural areas there is proposal to install Solar LEDBased Lighting System, Installation of Solar Energy System in selected fish seed productionunits. To meet out the demand of Fish Seed, it is proposed to have; strengthening of ExistingFish Farmsand construction of additional rearing area of the Department as well as Federation.Additionally it is alo proposed to have development in the Private sector. Another additionalactivity ot be taken up is Installation of Solar Based Light System in Fish Farms.

B. TrainingThe Fisheries of M.P.State is promise to contribute a vital share in rural economy employmentgeneration upliftment of socially & economically ST/SC & backward class people , those areearning their livelihood from fisheries activities and provide fish to the food basket.The fish farmers are mostly illiterate and belongs backward class, due to lack of technicalknow-how of fish culture practices , they are not getting optimum fish production from thetanks. Previously fish culture training had been given under the centrally sponsored scheme.The scheme stopped since 2009-10 . Hence the training of fish culture proposed under theRKVY scheme, for augmentation of fish production and productivity, to the beneficiaries ofFFDA. The water bodies (village ponds and tanks ) are leased out to local fishermen for 10years lease, the bonefishes will be training in fish culture activities in the district. There is a


condition in Bank financing for concerning beneficiaries, they should be a trained in fishculture, so that the 2500 fish farmers every year will be trained of different district under thescheme in the year 2009 - 10, 2010-11 and 2011 - 12 . The expenditure will be Rs. 1100/- perfishermen for 10 days training programme. Total expenditure will be 27.50 lakh as perNABARD norms. these trainings of FFDA beneficiaries will be conducted in the concerningdistrict, who has taken village pond / tanks for long term years lease. The training will beconducted at the fish seed farm / reservoirs .

C.Development of Reservoirs/Fish PondsReservoirs are large water bodies, in which mainly the capture cum culture techniques isapplied. The total available water area 3.43 lakh ha. is available for fish culture. out of which2.87 lakh ha. water area in the reservoirs i.e. 82% so that the state fisheries mainly reservoirs.Only the adequate quantity of quality seed can enhance the production and productivity of thereservoirs . So that the fish seed stocking is limiting factor for the reservoirs development. Thepresent productivity reservoirs is 52 kg/ha/ryr. can be enhance up to the 100/kg/ha/yr.Fisheries Policy of the state the power of water bodies, management and development givento 3 Tier Panchayat by expanding the land area .Panchayat Raj bodies, detail are given below

Sl.No.

Category of Water Bodies (inhectare)

Management Authority

1 0 - 10 Gram Sabha2 > 10 – 100 Janpad Panchayat3 > 100 – 2000 Zila Panchayat4 Above 2000 M.P. Fisheries Federation

As the fisheries policy, reservoirs are the leased out to primary cooperative societies onpriority basis for 10 year lease. The proposal submitted @ 1000 fingerlings / ha ( 70 to 100mm size ) the total areas will covered 42945 has out of which 1425 reservoirs of JanpadPanchayat 39267 & 160 reservoirs of Zila Panchayat 43,678 ha and 9 reservoirs of M.P.Fisheries Federation 1,72,618 ha. The total fish seed required 1043 lakh fingerlings. Therequirement of fish seed fingerlings of Department and Federation will be 828 lakh & 215 lakhrespectively .

As per the norms approvedNational FisheriesDevelopment Board, , the costof fingerlings will be Rs. 1/each , so that ,the total cost offish seed fingerlings is Rs.1043 lakh .and as per theproposed scheme maximum50% given as subsidy under the

No .ofwater area(ha.)

Stockingin lakh

Cost ofthe fishseed inlakh

Subsidy of50% in lakh


scheme. The full amount ofseed procurement to the M.P.Fish Federation

1 Department

Janpad. 39267 392 392 186Zila Panchyat 43678 436 436 218Total 85945 828 828 414

2 M.P.Federation 172216 215 215 215Total of 1+2 2,55,563 1043 1043 629

Fish seed will be stocked in the Janpad Panchyat, Zila Panchyat & Federation reservoirs .Theseed will procured from Govt.& private fish seed farms. Fish Seed stocking in Reservoirs ofM.P.Fisheries Federation. There are 10 reservoirs under the jurisdiction of M.P.FisheriesFederation to stock the fish seed in the reservoirs @ 500 fingerlings/ha . As per approval ofNational Fisheries Development Board, the cost is Rs. 1/- per fingerling expenditure. Thetotal expenditure will be Rs. 215.00 lakh demanded in the year 2010-11.

D. Subsidy of Pump SetAs per the announcement made by the Ho'nble Chief Minister of Madhya Predesh in KisanMahapanchyat, 50% subsidy, maximum upto Rs 10,000/- will be given for the purchase ofDiesel and electrical pump set of State farmers .On the same line the Department of Fisheries,wishes to provide same subsidy for fish farmers who are engaged in fish culture in rural pondunder ongoing Fish Farmers Development Agency scheme.In this connection in an initials stage for all the districts of M.P. Fish Farmers DevelopmentAgency Rs.5.00 lakhs have been proposed in the year 2009-10 for the purchase of Diesel andelectric pump set of fish farmers of the State.

E.Development of Reservoirs:As per the Madhya Pradesh State Policy, reservoirs up to 1000 hectare have been transferredto Panchayati Raj Bodies for the development of reservoirs. It is approved to stock large sizedfingerlings, to increase the fish productivity of the reservoirs.

SNo. Name of Scheme Unit Unit cost PhysicalTarget

Financial Target(Rs.in lac)

1 2 3 4 5 61 Subsidy for Pump No. 0.10

lac/pump50 5.00


The scheme on development of reservoirs is being proposed and aimed to provideinfrastructure facilities such as mechanized boats, watchman hut cum weighing centre, boats,nets and cycle with insulated box to fishermen for proper storage, transport and marketing offish from reservoirI. Boat, Net and Cycle with Insulated BoxAbout 698 fishing boat, 6980 Kg. fishing net, 212 No. of insulated box with cycle have beenprovided to fishermen, to promote the efficiency and value addition of the reservoir. Theseactivities, to enhance the present fish productivity 52 Kg/ha/year to 100 Kg/ha/year and alsoimproved the socio-economic condition of fishermen.

II. Mechanized Boats: -Reservoirs are larger bodies, where mainly the captures cum culture techniques are applied. Itis necessary to provide mechanized boats to fulfill the targets of fish production. These boatswill also be used for monitoring or checking of illegal fishing, and conservation of fish duringthe close season. For improving the management of reservoir, an efficient technical staff andcontrol of reservoir are the key.

III Watchman hut cum weighing centreThe scheme on development of reservoirs is being proposed and aimed to provideinfrastructure facilities such as weighing centre, storage cum landing sheds for proper storage,transport and marketing of fish from reservoirs.

STATE SECTOR1. Renovation of Pondi Fish Farm -Fish seed production is the main input for Fisheries Development. Pond fish farm is an assetsto the Department of Fisheries. About 20% of the fish seed production, comes through thisfarm. In order to enhance the fish seed production of farm, it needs and immediate earth work& maintenance of farm. In this connection fencing, renovation and electrification work ofPondi farm are proposed under RKVY Project. For this sum of Rs. 47.00 lakhs is an absolutedemand under this scheme for year 2008-09.2. Software Development -Department of Fisheries M.P. has entered in IT era. Each district of the M.P. will be wellequipped with IT networking in coming future. Every district will have accessibility with theDirectorate of the Fisheries through IT net working. This proposed to invest Rs. 20.00 lakhunder this scheme in the year 2008-09. For IT Networking at State & District Level.3. Survey of Fish FaunFish fauna of India is very rich, consisting of 2550 species inhabiting various type of aquaticenvironment of the country. More than 400 species are commercially important as food fishes,which are group under cultured, culturable and wild species.


An authentic fish faunastic study is an utmost need of the present Fisheries Department of theState for this present fish fauna of the state, endangered, threatened and vulnerable fishspecies are to be studies for future course of the development of existing five river basins ofM.P. This is proposed to invest Rs. 37.00 lakhs under this scheme in the year 2008-09 and Rs.72.54 Lakhs in the year 2009-10.5. Establishment of hatchery for Magur and ornamental fishThe proposal on the establishment of hatchery for Magur,Prawn, Ornamental fishes,Mahasheer and strengthening of training facilities for capacity building of Department ofFisheries.6. Establishment of Information, Training-cum-Research Centre -The state is endowed with rich and varied expansion of water resources, including Rivers,Village pond, tanks and Reservoirs. The fisheries activities in these water bodies are playing animportant role in rural economy. Fish culture is bound to increase the present and futurerequirement of food ,health and livelihood security ,which can be addressed only by insuringtheir sustainable use. The Department of Fisheries proposes to develop infrastructure fortechnology transfer, solve the local problem, facing by fishermen through research unit , toincrease interest in fish and fishery to educate personnel and provide information regardingBio-Diversity to students of College and Universities. The proposal submitted to establishmentof Information, Training-cum-Research CentreTo develop the Human Resources Development a training centre is to be established. All theabove mention centre i.e. Information, Training-cum-Research Centre proposed toestablishment in one place with the financial assistance of RKVY.7. Upgradation Of State Training InstituteState training institute established in the year 1961-62 at Nowgong Distt. Chhatarpur performthe Asstt. Fisheries Officer & fisheries Inspector's 10 months training, also organized shortterm oriented or refreshal course programme for department field officer and fishermen. Thehead of te Training Institute i.e. Principal is Dy. Director of fisheries & senior Asstt. Director ofFisheries are posted as lecture in the training institute. To provide hi-tech training andeffective fish culture programme, existing training institute need some upgradation.8. Upgradation Of Research UnitThe State research unit situated at Patra Fish Seed Farm Bhopal The main purpose of researchunit is to investigate how to increase the fish productivity, how to control the fish disease andeffect of aquatic weed on production of fish. Productivity of the ponds is effected by physio-chemical condition of water and soil. Research unit examine the pond water and soil &biomass, and suggest the treatment and feed of fish for fishculture. Research unit also suggestthe measure parameter, how to increase the productivity of water bodies and prevent the fishdisease. The State research unit required some hi-tech digital divises for physical and chemicalanalysis of water., soil biomass, nature of fish diseases etc


Projects under taken during the last priodsFISHERIESFacilitations to Fishermen of the StateFish Seed ProductionReservoir DevelopmentDevelopment of Infrastructure for Training and Marketing

Computerization& Networking of Federation Units

Fish feed to fish farmers on subsidyConstruction of retail fish market (I)Fencing of boundaries and Renovation of the Fish Seed Farms. (I)Fish seed production in private sector (I)Subsidy on procurement of net and boat to fisherman (I)Training to reverine fishermen

Approval of Project on "Intensive Aquaculture in Ponds and Fish seed rearing".

financial assistance to Fisherman for purchase of CIFAXConstruction of retail fish marketSubsidy on procurement of Net to fishermanStrengthening of Fish Seed Farm Khand District Shahdol

Future Outlook: Impact of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture Development of designs of new-generation, fuel efficient, multi-purpose fishing Boats Monitoring of health of inland aquatic ecosystems. Development of technology for bio-remediation process of degraded aquatic

resources. Water budgeting in inland aquaculture Seed production, grow out technology for fishes Species diversification in inland aquaculture Low cost –low input shrimp farming technology based on organic farming principles . Modified zero water exchange technology for fish farming Affordable ready to eat fish products Improved processing technologies for fishery products and by-products of international

standards. Development of bioactive and pharmaceutically important products from aquatic

resources. Approval of Project Aquaculture activities in agri field 0.1 ha” Fish feed to fish farmers on subsidy


Reduction in loss of fish during harvest and post harvest period. Fishery waste utilization. Development of designs of new-generation, fuel efficient, multi-purpose fishing Boats. Establishing Training cum Information Centre in Fishris.

7.8 Sericulture SectorSericulture is an important agro based labour incentive and export oriented cottage industry Itholds promise as an employment generating industry especially in rural and semi urban areasIndia ranks second in the World after China in silk production especially mulberry silkMadhya Pradesh ranks third in non traditional state of India

Madhya Pradesh comes under Non-Traditional States for the production of silk in India .Out ofthe 51 districts 303 blocks are covered under Sericulture sector for undertaking activities inSericulture. Madhya Pradesh is one of the main TASAR producing states, Out of totalproduction in India 5% TASAR is produced in the state. Quality and quantity has a directbearing on cocoon harvest.Four major activities:-

Mulberry plantation (growing mulberry plant and harvesting leaves when fully grown) Rearing Silk worms (feeding worms with mulberry leaves which leads to cocoo

formation) Reeling Silk worm ( extraction of silk cocoon, binding, and twisting of threads) Weaving ( weaving of threads into fabric)

Training and Research- Capacity building of beneficiaries and employees being under taken in mulberry, tasar

and eri sector for achieving national level parameters of productivity. Research and development work including field trials and newly evolved high yield

breeds of silkworm and food plants.

Direction and Administration- Mini ITI (Industrial Training Institute) are established for Institutional training to rural

and urban semi urban educated youths. Training is provided in sericulture activities such as rearing, reeling and weaving. Testing centres covered

S.NO Testing Centers Regional Centers Nos.

1 Cocoon Testing Centers Bhopal 1

2 Raw Silk Testing centers Bhopal 1

3 Silk Conditioning and Testing Centers Bhopal 1

4 Textile Testing Laboratory Bhopal 1


Total

Catalytic Development Programme Beneficiaries under this scheme is provided subsidy for rearing equipment ,

construction of rearing house, irrigation and for establishment of reeling units. 25% as state share, 25% of share will be borne by beneficiaries and 50% will be borne

by CSB respectively In Few schemes 25% as state share & 50% C.S.B. shares and rest 25% will be borne by

beneficiaries.

Tasar Sericulture Development and Extension – Beneficiaries under this scheme is provided subsidy for rearing equipment , construction of rearing house, irrigation and for establishment reeling units. 25% as state share, 25% of share will be borne by beneficiaries and 50% will be borne

by CSB respectively. In Few schemes 60% as C.S.B. share and 40% will be borne by state and beneficiaries

respectively.

Information and technology -Website development for online updated information.

Integrated cluster development programme - Cluster development would be considered in the far flung areas which are having low

socio-economic profile. Taped cluster would be affiliate with sericulture activities by providing facilities as per

scheme directives.

Special Project -Special Project for the beneficiaries of mulberry, tasar and sericulture would be preparedunder the scheme. The objective is socio economic development.Project will be taken up in partnership with national and international financial institution onthe basis of sharing of resource

Assistance to Entrepreneurs/SHGs/NGO's -Scheme envisage public private partnership by involving SMEs/SMF/SHG/VOs/beneficiaires.Emphasis on design development, product development, product diversification and export


oriented products.

Promotion and documentation - For effective marketability, promotion and documentation of all the activities

Eri sericulture development - To develop ericulture in the state, rural areas will be taped to enhance sericulture

activities and beneficiaries. Sericulture employees would be trained by capacity building procurement of seeds on

scientific line.


Annexure ARashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana(RKVY) Operational Guideline

Area of focus under RKVY ( Production Growth)The components / activities which would be eligible for project based assistance under RKVY ( Production Growth)are elaborated below This is an illustrative list and the States may choose other components/activities , Butensure that they are reflected adequately in the SAP and the DAP

a) Integrated development of major food crop such as wheat ,paddy coarse cereals, minor milletspulses oilseeds ;Assistance can b provided for making available certified /HYP seeds to farmers;production of breeder seed ;purchase of breeder seed from institution such as ICAR, publicsector seed corporation ;production of foundation seed ,production of certified seed, seedtreatment ; Farmers field Schools at demonstration site; training of farmer etc. Similar supportwould be provided for development of other crops such as sugarcane ,cotton or any othercrop/variety that may be to the state

b) Agricultural Mechanization: Assistance can be provided to individual beneficiaries for farmmechanisation efforts especially for improved and gender friendly tools implements andmachinery .However, assistance for larger equipments e.g. tractor, combine harvester, cottonpickers etc. For which individual ownership may not be economically viable, assistance shouldonly be limited for establishing custom hiring centres under RKVY ( infrastructure & Assets )stream

c) Activity to relate to enhancement of soil health; Assistance can be provided to the farmers fordistributing soil health cards, micronutrient demonstration; training of farmers for promotion oforganic farming including printing of publicity /utility literature; amelioration of soil affectedwith condition such as alkalinity and acidity.

d) Development of Rain fed farming system in and outside water shed area: Assistances forpromoting integrated farming system (agriculture, horticulture ,livestock fisheries etc )generating livelihood for farmers below the poverty line (BPL)

e) Integrated Pest Management Schemes ;-This would include training of farmers through FarmField school etc on pest management practices ;printing of literature /other awarenessprogramme .

f) Promoting Extension services:-This would include training of farmers for skill development andtraining in the farming community and to revamp the existing State Agricultural extensionsystem,

g) Activities relating to enhancement of horticultural production :-Assistances will be available fornursery development and other horticulture activities,

h) Animal Husbandry and fisheries development activities; Assistance will be available forimprovement in fodder production genetic up gradation of cattle and buffaloes enhancement ofmilk production .enlarging raw material base for leather industry/.improvement in live stockhealth .poultry development, development of small ruminants and enhanced fish production.

i) Study Tours of farmers; Study tours of farmers within country especially to research institutionModel farm etc.

j) Organic and Bio fertilizer ; Support for decentralized production at village level and theirmarketing etc, This will include vermi composting and introduction of superior technologies forbetter production

k) )Sericulture; Sericulture up to the stage of cocoon production along with extension systemfor cocoon and silk yarn production & marketing

This above list is not exhausting. Therefore .scheme that are important for agriculture,horticulture and allied sector development ,but cannot be categorized under section (a) to(k)can also be proposed under this scheme However, projects for creation ,strengthens ofinfrastructure & assets should be funded under RKVY (infrastructure & assets ) stream


Annexure A

Illustrative List of Projects that can be funded under RKVY (infrastructure & Assets) stream

Sr no Sector Description of Infrastructure1 Horticulture Nurseries

Tissue Culture Labs.Community Tanks /Farm ponds/on Farm water resources with plastics /RCC lining

Green House /Poly house/ Shade net houses structures’Sanitary & photo sanitary infrastructuresINM/IPM infrastructure such as disease Forecasting units Plant Health Clinics. Leaf/TissueAnalysis labs, Bio -control Laboratories.Vermi compost units.Control Atmosphere StorageCold Storage/pre cooling/refrigerated van /cold chain infrastructurePiping/Curing ChamberPrimary /Minimal processing unitsTerminal/whole/rural MarketsFunctional infrastructure for collection ,sorting, grading etc.Infrastructure related to Horticulture produce processing as per Ministry of Food ProcessingIndustries (MoFPI) guidelines

2 Natural ResourceManagement

Soil & Water conservation activities (Terracing, Gully control Measures ,Spill ways Check DamsSpurs Diversion Drains, Protection Walls etc)Reclamation of Problem Soils (Acid/Alkali/Saline/Ravine/Water Logged

3 Pest Management&Pesticide Qualitycontrol

Lab for production of bio control agentsState Pesticide Residue Testing LabsState pesticide Testing LabsBio pesticide Testing LabsSeed testing Drums & chemicals

4 Soil NutrientsManagement

Setting up new Testing LaboratoriesStrengthening of existing Soil test Laboratories with micro nutrient testing facilities

Fertilizer Setting up of new fertilizer Quality control Laboratories (FQCLs)Strengthening of Existing FQCLs

Bio Fertilizers/organicFarming

Bio Fertilizer Production UnitsFruit/vegetable waste ,Compost production units

5 Animal Husbandry Semen collection and artificial Insemination (AI) Units/ Production CentresBreeding Farms

Dispensaries /Hospital for treatment of AnimalsVaccine Production UnitsDiagnosis Labs. Including Mobile UnitsAnimal AmbulanceCold Chain for storing and transportation of frozen SemenTractor Fitted with fodder Block MachinesCarcass rendering Plant to collect the fallen animals for processing /utilisation in scientificmannerModernization of Animal slaughter house and markets for live stock/livestock products

Dairy Milk Collection Centre And infrastructure

Purchase of Milking Machines (Single/Double Buckets)Setting up of milk chilling/bulk milk cooling centre(BMC) along with automatic milk collectionunits(AMC)Strengthening/expansion of cold storage facility for milk and milk products


Purchase of insulated /Refrigerated transport vehiclesSetting of milk parlour/ Milk booth.Strengthening of lab facility in Milk chilling ,milk processing unitsEstablishment of cattle feed storage GodownSetting/Strengthening of ETP at Milk chilling/Milk processing units

Fisheries Fish Pond /Reservoirs

Fish Seed HatcheriesMarketing Infrastructure

Mobil Transport/Refrigerated VansCold Storage & Ice plants

6 Marketing PostHarvest

Fruit & vegetable Markets/Distributions CentresMarket infrastructure Facilities ,including Agricultural ProduceMarket Committees(APMC)Construction of Specialised storage facilities like onion storage godownsElectronic Trading Spot and futures Markets and E auctioningFarmers Service CentreFood gram Procurement centersE-kisan Bhawan/Internet kiosksGrading including grading linesQuality controlPacking

7 Seeds Seed testing LabsSeed Processing centresSeed storage godown including dehumidified Refrigerated Seed storage GodownSeed certifications Agencies and certification infrastructuresSeed Multiplication Farms

8 AgricultureMechanization

Custom Hiring centres for agricultural equipmentsAgriculture Machine testing Centre

9 Agricultural Extension Kisan Call CentreAtma Infrastructure

Knowledge/Technology Resource Centres10Agriculture Research Research Infrastructure

Strengthening of Kisan Vigyan Kendra (KVKs)11 Minor /MicroIrrigation

Shallow wells & dug wellsTube wells (except in dark /grey/critical zones identified by Central Ground Water Board)Percolation & Minor Irrigation TanksFarm PondsDrip & Sprinkler Irrigation SystemField ChannelsPiped Water Conveyance system

*Extant norms of Ministry of Food Processing Industries, Govt of India / Dept of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & fisheriesMinistry Of Agriculture Govt of India will apply.Note1.Food Processing units especially those industries which get assistance under variousSchemes of the MoFPI, should not b eligible for assistance under RKVY2.Stat specific research projects through SAUs/ ICARs in any area of agriculture and allied sectormay be undertaken under Production Growth stream area.3.Infrastructure and assets stream emphasizes promoting group approach for subsidiesAccordingly level of subsidies in the case of unspecified projects should be kept to the minimum forHigher coverage of beneficiaries /areas.4. State should form of stakeholder , group/ Farmers Producer Organisation ( FPO) and involve them in planning,execution and future maintenance of created assets


Annexure BABBREVIATIONS

ACABC Agri Clinic & agri Business CentreATMA Agricultural Technology Management Agency/Sub Mission on

agriculture ExtensionAETC Agriculture Extension & Training CentreAMCU Automatic Milk Collection UnitsCADA Command Area Development AgencyC-DAP Comprehensive District Agricultural Plan/sCB Cntral BankDCB Dairy Cooperative SocietyDEASI Diploma In Agricultural Extension Services for Input DealersDPMCU Data Processor & Milk Collection UnitDPC District Project CoordinatorETL Economic Threshold LevelELISA Enzyme-linked immune -sorbent assay (ELISA)FAO Food & Agriculture OrganisationFGD Focus Group DiscussionFSSAI Food Safety and Standards Authority of IndiaFFDA Fish Farmers Development AuthorityFYM Farm Yard ManureGCA Gross Cropped AreaGoI Government of IndiaGDP Gross Domestics ProductGoMP Government of Madhya PradeshHa/ha HectareHYP High Yielding Varieties Programme

IFM Integrated fertilizer ManagementIPM Integrated Pest ManagementIPCC International Plant Protection ConventionILD Integrated Live stock Development CentreIARI Indian Agriculture Research InstituteICAR Indian Council Of Agricultural ResearchJNKVV Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa vidhyalayaKVK Krishi Vigyan KendraMGNEREGA/MNREGA Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act/

YojanaMPNSRP MP Water Resource Department SchemeMPSOCA Madhya Pradesh State Organic Certification AgencyMAPWA Participation of Women in Madhya Pradesh AgricultureMCC Milk Collection Centre


MPWLC Madhya Pradesh Warehousing & Logistics CorporationMT Metric Tonnesm/mtr MeterNADAP N.D. Pandharipande (Nadepkaka)(method of composting)living in

Maharashtra (India).NABARD National Bank for Agriculture and Rural DevelopmentNABL National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration

LaboratoriesNFSM National Food Security MissionNMSA National Mission Sustainable AgricultureNMMI National Mission on Micro IrrigationNMOOP National Mission on Oilseeds and Oil PalmNMAET National Mission on Agriculture Extension &TechnologyNAIS National Agricultural Insurance SchemesNGO Non Government OrganizationNIA Net Irrigated AreaPEQ Post Entry QuarantinePGDAEM Post Graduate Diploma in Agriculture Extension ManagementPDDL Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL)PSL Priority Sector LendingPACS Primary Agriculture Credit SocietyPPP Public Private PartnershipPPP Participatory Planning ProcessPRA Participatory Rural AppraisalRKVY Rashtriya Krishi Vikas YojanaRVSKVV Rajmata Vijiyaraje Scindia Krishi VishwavidhyalayaRRB Rural Regional BankSIAET State Institute of Agriculture Extension & TrainingSC/ST Schedule Caste/ Schedule TribesSHG Self Help GroupSPS Sanitary &Phyto Sanitary Agreement under WHOSWOC Strength Weakness Opportunities and ChallengesSLSC State Level Sanctioning CommitteeSRI System of Rice Intensification.SF/MF Small Farmer/Marginal FarmerSHG-BLP Self Help Group with Bank Linkage ProgrammeTFP Total Factor ProductivityTFI Total Financial LendingVC&RI VETERINARY COLLEGE AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE,WADI Wasteland Agriculture Development InitiativeWSHG Women Self Help GroupZp Zila Panchayat

state agriculture plan for rashtriya krishi vikas yojana

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