• Started By: Dutch. Taken over by England’s Duke of York – King Charles’ brother

• Why?: Economic reasons (resources and trade)• Year Founded: 1624• Other Information: New York City originally

named New Amsterdam Peter Stuyvesant “Peg Leg Pete” (Dutch

Governor) Manhattan Island was bought from Native Americans for a small amount of beads & other goods

• Started By: Lord John Berkeley

• Why?: Economic reasons

• Year Founded: 1638

• Other Information: Very Diverse

• Started by: William Penn & Quakers (Society of Friends)

• Why?: Religious Freedom• Year Founded:1682• Other Information: Quakers-a religious group

who were persecuted-believed in equality (did not bow to lords) and pacifism, established Philadelphia “City of Brotherly Love”

Penn sent pamphlets to other countries to advertise his colony

• Started by: Swedish settlers

• Why?: Economic reasons

• Year Founded:1638

• Other Information: Broke off of Pennsylvania

Economy

• Wheat and other grains

• Cash crops

• “bread basket”

Climate

• Mild winters

• Hot summers

Geography

• Swampy in the East

• Wooded Mountains in the West

• Good land for farming grains

Extra NEW YORK

• Taken from the Dutch because of the excellent harbor for trade.

• The Dutch called NY: New Netherlands

• New Amsterdam was renamed New York City.

• Manhattan Island was bought from the Native Americans for trinkets worth about $24.

Extra Pennsylvania

• William Penn advertised his colony throughout Europe.

• Many Germans settled in PN and became successful farmers.

• Philadelphia (city in PN) means “City of brotherly love.”

• To escape religious persecution in Massachusetts, many left to live in the Middle colonies where there was religious tolerance.

• Cultural diversity: variety

• Because of its tolerance, immigrants from many countries such as the Netherlands, Sweden and Germany, settled in the Middle Colonies.

• The Middle Colonies were known as the “Breadbasket Colonies” because of their widespread grain farming.

• Cash crop: farm crop raised to be sold for money