stardust overview - nav view search - universidad polit©cnica de
TRANSCRIPT
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
2
Stardust is a €4.1M research
and training network supported
by the European Commission to
focus on asteroid and space
debris issues on a global scale
Stardust will last for 4 years starting on
the 1st of February 2013
14 partners all
over Europe: 10
full partners and
4 associate
partners
5 universities,
4 companies,
2 national research
centres, 1 university
research centre, one
national observatory
and the European
Space Agency
Strathclyde
University is
the
coordinator
15 researchers will be recruited on
Stardust
8 major training and outreach events
organised within Stardust
• 3 training schools on the major topics of the research programme
• 4 workshops involving the international community
• One final global conference
• A white paper to provide recommendations to the European
Community on what to do next
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
3
Stardust, the first in its kind, is going to train the next
generation of engineers, scientists, decision makers to
face the asteroid and space debris problem
• Who’s who in the
network, and
• Where they are
in the world
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
4
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
5
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
Website
Future portal will be a fully dedicated external site
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u Twitter account
Sta
rdus
t201
3eu
Linked-In
Group is not public but people can be accepted if the Supervisory Board agrees
star
dust
@st
rath
.ac.
uk
E-mail address
• Some key commonalities between active debris
removal and asteroid deflection
• Merge two active communities to protect our terrestrial
and space assets
• Cross fertilisation and improvement of key technologies
for asteroid deflection/manipulation/exploitation and
active debris removal/on orbit servicing
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
6
Observation Orbit
Determination Impact
Prediction Manipulation/R
emoval Disposal
Observation Orbit
Determination Impact
Prediction Manipulation/R
emoval Exploitation
SPACE DEBRIS
ASTEROIDS
Three main areas of
research:
Orbit & Attitude Estimation and
Prediction
Active Removal/Deflection
of Uncooperative Targets
Modelling & Simulation
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
7
• This research area forms the basis of every analysis or tool that aims
to predict the evolution of the debris environment, the danger of an
actual impact with an asteroid, the consequences of a deflection or
removal action.
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
8
The prediction of the damage,
the future evolution of the orbit
of debris and asteroids and their
response to a deflection/removal
attempt require modelling of the
dynamics and dynamic
environment, the long term
simulation, the modelling and
simulation of the possible
damage including re-entry and
impact on ground
Modelling & Simulation
• Orbital and Attitude Dynamics Modelling
• Long Term Orbit and Attitude Evolution
• Particle Cloud Modelling and Simulation
• Collision and Impact Modelling and Simulation
• Re-entry Modelling and Simulation
• Asteroid Origins and Characterisation
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
9
• The ultimate goal is to predict, with high precision, the probability of
an impact or collision and the evolution of the associated risk.
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
10
After a removal/deflection action
is applied, the dynamic state of
the asteroid/piece of debris
needs to be estimated with an
appropriate set of observations
and measurements. From the
state estimation, one can predict
the residual damage (that needs
to be brought to zero)
Orbit and Attitude
Determination & Prediction
• Orbit and Attitude Determination
• Impact Prediction and Risk Analysis
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
11
• This research area forms the basis of every analysis or tool that aims
to predict the evolution of the debris environment, the danger of an
actual impact with an asteroid, the consequences of a deflection or
removal action
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
12
Deflection/removal of asteroids
and space debris require
specific technologies, definition
and analysis of specific mission
scenarios and control of the
removal/deflection action
Active Removal/Defle
ction of Uncooperative
Targets
• Mission Analysis
• Proximity Operations
• Active Removal/Deflection
Control Under Uncertainty
• Active Removal/Deflection
Technologies
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
13
• The overriding goal of this network is to train researchers to develop and master techniques for asteroid and space debris monitoring, removal/deflection and exploitation such that they can be applied in a real scenario
• The integration of all the disciplines involved in this network is a fundamental step towards the resolution of the asteroid and space debris issue and has beneficial consequences in all research areas
• The network will require training in a diverse range of fields from ground based optical and radar observation, robotic intervention and advanced propulsion technologies
• The network researchers will therefore receive a uniquely broad and interdisciplinary training, in addition to acquiring specialist skills
• Interestingly, the communities dealing with asteroids and space debris already intersect and many scholars in this ITN work proficiently in both areas
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
14
• Stardust training cycle
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
15
Formal Informative Learning
SCHOOL
Nonformal Transformative Learning
RESEARCH PROJECT
Informal Transformative Learning
INTERNSHIP / SECONDMENT
Nonformal Transformative Learning
WORKSHOP / WORKING GROUP
ER ESR
Informal Learning
R&D PROJECT
Management skills Teaching, supervising
Event organisation Communication skills
Leadership skills
CONFERENCE Technical writing skills
Presentation skills
Formal Informative Learning
INNOVATION/SCHOOL
Report writing Research skills
Industrial experience Communications skills
Time management
1
2
3
4 7
5
6
Proposal writing
Time/resource management
• Working groups are a peculiarity of this ITN and are there to
promote cross-disciplinary training and activities
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
16
Provide cross-disciplinary training to the E(S)Rs
Provide management/supervision training to the E(S)Rs
Blend the activities within this ITN to effectively reach
the common goals of this ITN: active debris removal
and asteroid manipulation
Working Groups
• WGs are formed by E(S)Rs of different institutions who work on a joint
project for up to 6 months
• The initial coordination and supervision of the WGs is provided by the
supervisors of the E(S)R
• After which the coordination/supervision of the WG will pass to the ERs
• WGs will work remotely using Skype, the Linked-In group, the
blog/website, Facebook or other media to communicate and organise
their work
• The results of a set of WGs will be presented at an internal training
event, after which a new set of WGs will be started
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
17
• Candidates need to submit a CV and a cover letter in English
expressing up to 2 job preferences and their motivations for taking up
the selected post
• Applications need to be send to [email protected] and/or directly
to the host institution
• Two letters of reference need to be submitted by the referees
directly to [email protected] or to the host institution
• Incomplete applications will not be considered and no feedback will
be provided
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
18
How to apply
• Early-Stage Researchers (ESR) must, at the time of recruitment, be
in the first four years (of full-time equivalent research experience) of
their research careers and have not yet been awarded a doctoral
degree
• For all available positions, at the time of recruitment, applicants must
not have resided or carried out their main activity (work, studies, etc.)
in the country of the host institution (defined as the research institution
or company cited in the job posting) for more than 12 months in the 3
years immediately prior to the reference date
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
19
How to apply
• The post of Early-Stage Researcher is for 36 months, and will start
in Sept/Oct 2013
• May be done in conjunction with a doctoral degree at the host university
• Each ESR will include two 3-month internships to other institutions
within the network
• There are 11 open positions for ESRs
• University of Strathclyde, University of Southampton (UK)
• Universitá di Roma Tor Vergata, Universitá di Pisa (Italy)
• Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (Spain)
• Astronomical Observatory of Belgrade (Serbia)
• DFKI (Germany)
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
20
How to apply
• Experienced Researchers (ER) must, at the time of recruitment:
• Have a doctoral degree or have at least four years of full-time equivalent
research experience, and
• Must have less than five years of full-time equivalent research experience
overall (including the time spent during the PhD)
• For all available positions, at the time of recruitment, applicants must
not have resided or carried out their main activity (work, studies, etc.)
in the country of the host institution (defined as the research institution
or company cited in the job posting) for more than 12 months in the 3
years immediately prior to the reference date
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
21
How to apply
• The post of Experienced Researcher is for 24 months, and will start
in early 2014
• Each ER will include two 3-month secondments to other institutions
within the network
• There are 4 open positions for ESRs
• Istituto di Fisica Applicata "Nello Carrara" (IFAC) del Consiglio Nazionale
delle Ricerche (Italy)
• Dinamica Srl (Italy)
• DEIMOS Space (Spain)
• University of Strathclyde (UK)
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
22
How to apply
• Once an application is submitted, it is evaluated to ensure the
candidate meets the required criteria, and is then assessed and rated
by a board
• Only valid applications will receive an acknowledgement email
• Short-listed candidates will be notified and invited for an interview
approximately 2 months after the application deadline
• Successful candidates will then be offered a position(s)
• Unsuccessful candidates will be also notified by email, with feedback
available upon request
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
23
How to apply
• Average fulltime salary including mobility allowance and training:
• €38000 a year for Early Stage Researchers for 36 months maximum
• €58500 a year for Experienced Researchers for 24 months maximum
• €700 (no family) or €1000(with family) per month of mobility allowance
• Note: these figures are the average only. The exact salary, plus
benefits such as health insurance and pension depend on the host
institution and differ between countries.
• For ESRs, there is also an option to do a concurrent PhD
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
24
How to apply
• More information including research areas and details of each post
are available at:
• http://www.strath.ac.uk/stardust/jobs
• http://ec.europa.eu/euraxess/index.cfm/jobs/index (search for ‘Stardust’)
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
25
How to apply
Deadline for applications for ESR positions: 31 May 2013
Deadline for applications for ER positions: 15 Sept 2013
Milestone Training Events
Opening training school
Network training school
Local training
workshop
Global virtual
workshop
International Stardust
conference
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
26
Milestone Training Events
Opening training school
Network training school
Local training workshop
Global virtual workshop
International Stardust
conference
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
27
• The activities of the researchers start with
an Opening Training School (OTS) that will
encompass all the technical domains of
the research network.
• The school is intended to give an overview
the key subjects underpinning the
monitoring and removal/deflection of
debris and asteroids.
• The OTS will be organised by the
University of Strathclyde and will
specifically address the initial training of
the researchers.
• The school will last for 1 week
Milestone Training Events
Opening training school
Network training school
Local training workshop
Global virtual workshop
International Stardust
conference
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
28
• Following the OTS, there will be two other
schools, held annually, specifically
devoted to cover each of the 3 research
areas
• Each school will consist of:
• Series of short lecture courses on
more advanced topics, given by
experts in the field
• Series of seminars whose aim will be
to give the researchers a broad
overview of the network projects that
they will be contributing to
• Round tables with representatives of
the prime industries and agencies
such that they can provide their point
of view as decision makers
Milestone Training Events
Opening training school
Network training school
Local training
workshop
Global virtual workshop
International Stardust
conference
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
29
• Local training workshops (LTW) are
formative learning experience in which
researchers are brought together to work
on the development of a multidisciplinary
project
• These workshops answer to the need to
prepare the researchers to the
development of a real project in which the
acquired knowledge needs to be applied
to the solution of practical problems
• They will train the researchers to work in
team with a common goal and taking up
different roles (team leader, project
manager, domain specialist, etc.)
Milestone Training Events
Opening training school
Network training school
Local training workshop
Global virtual
workshop
International Stardust
conference
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
30
• GVW will be joint workshops including
video conferences with one or more
institutions outside Europe
• During the video conference researchers
will deliver presentations and attend the
presentations of the working groups in the
extra-European countries
• This network will be able to involve many
more scholars than what could be invited
as visiting researchers, broadening the
training experience to many more sources
of knowledge
• Each workshop will run for 4 days at
different locations around Europe
Milestone Training Events
Opening training school
Network training school
Local training workshop
Global virtual workshop
International Stardust
conference
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
31
• The International Stardust Conference is
the closing event of this ITN with the
involvement of all the partners
• The main aim to present the work of the
ITN to peers and colleagues world-wide,
and to exchange information on the
current and predicted future state of the
art of space debris and asteroid mitigation
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
32
• Effective technologies for asteroid manipulation and material extraction will be developed to protect and support our planet.
How would you deflect an asteroid? Better yet, capture and control it? Mine it for resources?
• Recycling doesn’t apply only to your household waste. Innovative methods of disposing of or reusing space debris will be developed to keep our space clean.
How can we dispose or re-engineer space debris?
• Both asteroids and space debris are tumbling uncooperative objects. Cutting edge optimisation techniques, combined with new ways of incorporating uncertainties will be used to design optimal strategies to control and manipulate asteroids and space debris.
How do you control something that doesn’t want to be controlled?
• Advanced technics for computational fluid dynamics under uncertainty will be developed to accurately predicting the impact of a re-entry object on the ground.
What happens when a piece of debris or an asteroid enters the atmosphere?
2 Early Stage Researcher and 1 Experienced Researcher positions are now open
University of Strathclyde
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
33
University of Pisa
• A European system of collision avoidance for satellites does not exist… yet!
Can you create a system that can predict an impact?
• The Kessler syndrome is a scenario in which the number of space debris is high enough that collisions between objects could cause a cascade
• One implication is that the distribution of debris in orbit could render space exploration, and even the use of satellites, unfeasible for many generations.
What is the risk of debris hitting a satellite? What happens when the collision creates more debris?
• The team has internationally recognized experience in the creation of new algorithms for orbit determination and in performing impact monitoring for near-Earth asteroids
The University of Pisa is currently ranked 1st nationally, in the top 30 in Europe and top 300 in the world
2 Early Stage Researcher positions are now open
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
34
• Rotational and orbital dynamics of Near-Earth Objects (NEO) and space debris is strongly chaotic, being affected by complex spin-orbit couplings, orbit perturbations and, in the case of asteroids, close encounters with major planets
How do asteroids spin? What factors affect their motion?
• The Yarkovsky effect, first noted in 1900, is when the warmer side of an asteroid or meteor, illuminated by the Sun, will emit heat which is enough to alter the spin of an asteroid, and ultimately its orbit
Can the pressure of light from the Sun be enough to alter an orbit?
• Home to the Italian Space Agency Headquarters, National Institute for Astrophysics and the European Space Agency Centre for Earth Observation
Tor Vergata is a unique research environment and one of the most dynamic aggregations in the country
2 Early Stage Researcher positions are now open
University of Rome Tor Vergata
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
35
• Whether it is space debris hitting a active satellite, or an asteroid hitting the Earth, it is vital that we understand the consequences of an impact. Advanced simulation models will be developed to better understand the consequences of an impact.
What is the impact of an impact?
• Autonomous proximity operations, area augmentation devises, passive deorbiting techniques, these only some of the advanced technologies that will be developed to address the disposal of space debris and deflection of asteroids
Which technologies do we need to dispose of space debris or deflect asteroids?
• One of the key centres for space debris in Europe, the University of Southampton covers a number of underpinning areas of research from propulsion to astrodynamics, from robotics to space systems
Southampton is one of the top 15 research universities and one of the leading entrepreneurial universities in the UK
2 Early Stage Researcher positions are now open
University of Southampton
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
36
• Investigate promising orbit propagation methods based on advanced orbital dynamics formulations
How do you predict the path of asteroid? What effect does other planets have on the orbit?
• Come up with new techniques for orbit determination using computer algorithms to simulate and predict the location of space debris
Can you develop models to determine where a piece of space debris will be in 1 week? 1 month? 1 year? 10 years?
• The university has over 225 research units and over 10 Research Institutes and Technological Centres
UPM has a strong commitment to R&D and innovation
1 Early Stage Researcher position is now open
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
37
• Violent collisions among asteroids inject fragments into powerful resonances, which are then responsible for transport of these bodies inside the region of the terrestrial planets
• Identifying from which family particular NEA may have originated is of great importance to predict the characteristics of a possible impactor
Where do Near Earth Asteroids come from? Where did the originate, and what placed them on an orbit near Earth?
• Scientific fields range from dynamical astronomy and planetology, astrophysics of stars and Sun, stellar, interstellar and intergalactic matter, to cosmology and astrobiology
AOB is one of the oldest scientific institutions in Serbia, founded in 1887
1 Early Stage Researcher position is now open
Astronomical Observatory Belgrade
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
38
• Work will to be done to develop software algorithms for AI onboard the spacecraft such that you can ensure a secure, synchronized and controlled approach to a free-flying, uncooperative object
How can you operate side-by-side with a piece of space debris?
• Advanced GNC techniques for a spacecraft will be developed, which is critical when working in close proximity to an irregular-shaped asteroid
What guidance and control do you need to rendez-vous with an asteroid?
• Removing space debris by using robotics is a key field of research within DFKI, this will be extended to examine using contact technology to deflect asteroids
Robotics to save the planet?
• The Robotics Innovation Centre (RIC) maintains a space exploration lab which features a test stand for satellite rendezvous-and-capture, a lunar surface test area, and an ISS mock-up
One of the largest non-profit research institutes in the field of innovative software technology and artificial intelligence
1 Early Stage Researcher position is now open
German Research Centre for
Artificial Intelligence (DFKI)
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
39
• Active debris removal is currently seen as the most viable remediation measure to limit, and possibly stop, the growth of the space debris population
• The removal of objects from space is often a highly complex and expensive task; computer simulations will be developed to assess the different strategies and determine which is the best one to use under what circumstances
What is the most effective way to deal with space debris?
• The dynamical and collisional evolution of a cloud of fragments in Low Earth Orbit will be studied and modelled in a computer simulation environment
What happens to clouds of debris in the short term? Long term?
• The main objectives of the Institute are to produce research at an international level, and innovation for the national economic system
The “Nello Carrara” Institute of Applied Physics is part of the National Research Council, the main public organisation pursuing research and innovation in Italy
1 Experienced Researcher position is now open
Italian Institute of Applied Physics
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
40
• Advanced trajectory design methods will be developed to perform the preliminary mission analysis of trajectories to asteroids and space debris
• Nonlinear and stochastic optimal control techniques will be developed to address the spacecraft control needed for uncooperative targets
Can you optimise the required control for a spacecraft in order to actively remove debris? For an asteroid deflection missions?
• One of the main aims of the company is transfer technology from the space framework to the industrial applications, with particular attention to methodologies and techniques to cope with complex problems
Dinamica is a young Italian SME located in Milan, Italy
1 Experienced Researcher position is now open
Dinamica Srl
ww
w.s
tard
ust2
013.
eu
twitt
er.c
om/s
tard
ust2
013e
u
41
• A host of different approaches will be used for the design of the trajectory from launch to the rendez-vous with the asteroid, including using low versus high thrust propulsion
Catch a lift to an asteroid?
• We will design numerous possible operation orbits, specifically looking for stabile orbits where the spacecraft can remain using a minimum amount of control
• A high degree of precision is needed, leading to the development of high fidelity models for orbit prediction
Sit, stay? What do you do with the spacecraft once you reach the target asteroid?
• Expertise in key areas of: mission analysis, mission requirements definition, GNC, ground-based and autonomous operations, NEO risk assessment, NEO threat mitigation strategies, radio-science experimentation and asteroid characterisation
Deimos was involved in the mission concept studies for the ESA Don Quijote mission on kinetic impact mitigation
1 Experienced Researcher position is now open
Deimos Space
ww
w.stardust-2013.eu
ww
w.tw
itter.com/stardust2013
eu
ww
w.linked-in.com
Stardust ITN The asteroid and space debris research and training network