standards sswh6 the student will describe the diverse characteristics of early african societies...
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Standards• SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse
characteristics of early African societies before 1800 CE. • a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to
settled agriculture. • e. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of
resources played in the development of trans-Saharan trading networks.
Western Desert of Egypt
• 8000 BC– Domesticated cattle
• 7000BC– Domestication of wheat– storage of grains
• 6000 BC– Storage pits
• 5000 BC– Domestication of sheep
and goats
• Food storage = social hierarchy
Migration • Why migrate?
– Overpopulation – Ecological necessity– Violence
• Frequency– Intermittent and
incremental• Absorbs local populations• Spreads:
– Cultures– Languages– Religions– technologies
Causes of MigrationPush Factors
• Environmental:– Climate changes– exhausted resources– Natural Disasters
• earthquakes; volcanoes; drought; famine
• Economic:– Unemployment – slavery– Lack of available land
• War
Causes of MigrationPull Factors
• Environmental– More space– Resources– climate
• Economic: – Land Ownership– Job opportunities
• Politics• Religion
Bantu Migrations
• From the savanna• Nomadic herders• slash-and-burn
farming • S&B = soil depletion• Need knew land every
few years
Bantu Migrations
• Bantu means “the people”
• Started migrating south & east around 3,000 B.C.
• Shared skills• learned new customs • adapted to
environment
Effects of Bantu Migrations
• drove out some inhabitants, intermixed with others
• produced a great variety of cultures
• Language helped unify the continent
• Swahili most common language today
Effects of Bantu Migrations
• Technology – ironworking– bronze, copper & iron
tools/weapons– Superior weapons– Excellent tools
• social & political organization
Innovations & Technologies
• New crops – Ie: Banana, via
Madagascar, native to south Asia
More efficient food production
– More & better nourished people
• Agriculture takes space…with Population increase, need to spread out on more land.
SummarySummary• 4000 BCE to 400 CE in Africa & Eurasia, & earlier in
Oceania.
• Migration Migration spread & mingling of cultures:– Technologies– Religions– Governments– People!
• WhyWhy migrate?• HowHow do we know?
– Languages!– DNA– Material Culture (artifacts)
• EffectEffect on World History?
Photo: Division of India & Pakistan sudden mass migration – largest in modern history.
Standards• SSWH6 The student will describe the diverse characteristics of
early African societies before 1800 CE.
• a. Identify the Bantu migration patterns and contribution to settled agriculture.
• e. Analyze the role of geography and the distribution of resources played in the development of trans-Saharan trading networks.
• List 5 facts which will help you remember this lesson:
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