standards as enablers for innovation in education - a reality check
DESCRIPTION
Invited talk at ICCE 2013 conference, Bali, Indonesia, on 21 NovemberTRANSCRIPT
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Standards as enablers for innovation in education
– a reality checkTore Hoel
Oslo and Akershus University College of Applied Sciences
Oslo, NorwayICCE 2013, Bali,
Indonesia
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Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.
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World Standards Day movie
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Outline•Paradoxes of Standardisation
•Innovation
•Creation – the standardisation process
•Implementation
•Feedback
•Why the process doesn't work?
•Could it be put right?
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Battle of the Standard
22 August 1138 in Yorkshire, England.
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Standards make a positive
contribution to the world we live in
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facilitate trade
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spread knowledge
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disseminate innovative
advances in technology
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and share good management and
conformity assessment
practices
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Types of standardsSeman
tic
Measure&
testing
Interface
Compatibility
& Quality
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Constraint and enabler
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Standardisation is paradoxical
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Prisoner’s dilemma:Nobody uses
standards because nobody uses them
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Open and Closed
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Participation in standardisation without domain
knowledge
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Standards too complicated to be
understood & implemented
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Innovation in our domain
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Idea
Design
Implement
The Innovation Circle
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The standardisation process
Idea
Standards (maintenance)
process
Implementation
process
Specification
Implement
-ation
Factors in the standards
development setting
Factors in the implementation
setting
Creators
Implementers
Users
Egyedi 2008
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The standardisation process
Idea
Specification
Factors in the standards
development setting
Creators
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The standard setting experts
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Input – from where?
Interest project, 2006
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Barriers to participation
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open-stand.org
September 24th
The Death
ofCEN
WS/LT
September 25th
The launch of EU’s
Opening Up Education
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Creators, implementers and users see openness
differently
Ken
Kre
chm
er
(20
05
) O
pen S
tand
ard
s R
eq
uir
em
en
ts
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The range of Opens
htt
p:/
/e-i
nfr
an
et.
eu/o
utp
ut/
e-i
nfr
an
et-
open-a
s-th
e-d
efa
ult
-modus-
opera
nd
i-fo
r-re
searc
h-
and-h
igh
er-
ed
uca
tion/
e-I
nfr
aN
et:
‘O
pen’ as
the d
efa
ult
mod
us
opera
ndi fo
r re
searc
h a
nd
hig
her
educa
tion
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Timing - when to start creating the standard?
Need
Product or Service
Anticipatory
standards
Participatory
standards
Responsive
standards
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Learning Technology Transitions
Sherif 2001
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Specifying the standard document
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Specifying the standard document
(Hoel, in press)
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Meta-disign principles
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Implementation process
Idea
Standards (maintenance)
process
Implementation
process
Specification
Factors in the standards
development setting
Implement
-ation
Factors in the implementation
setting
Creators
Implementers
Users
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Implementation process
Specification
Implement-ation
Factors in the implementatio
n setting
Implementers
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Standards characteristics – Small is beautiful
•Well-formed
•Understandable
•Right size
Mendling, J., Reijers, H. A., and Cardoso, J. (2007). What makes process models understandable?
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Is formal Standards Setting Organisatons
able to compete with Consortia?
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ISO MLR vs. LRMI
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User feedback
Idea
Standards (maintenance)
process
Implementation
process
Specification
Factors in the standards
development setting
Implement
-ation
Factors in the implementation
setting
Creators
Implementers
Users
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User feedback
Idea
Specification
Implement
-ation
Users
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Users do not provide feedback &
requirements (unless asked)
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Leave it to the market?
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Understanding the market
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Forward we go!
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Idea
Design
Implement
Doing the full Innovation Circle
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Go with the SSOs that have a truly
Open Process
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Standards development and implementation
are intertwined …
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… standard bodies should therefore shift
their focus to also include
implementation concerns
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More engagement from Implementers
and Users
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Eductional authorities must
take responsibilityThe Market is not going to fix
it alone!