standard(s) address: 11.2 students analyze the relationship among the rise of industrialization,...
TRANSCRIPT
STANDARD(S) ADDRESS: 11.2 Students analyze the relationship
among the rise of industrialization, large-scale rural-to-urban migration, and massive
immigration from Southern and Eastern Europe.
LESSON OBJECTIVES/ GOALS/ SWBAT
1. Summarize the events of the Taft presidency.2. Explain the division in the Republican Party.3. Describe the election of 1912.
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Section 4
Progressivism Under TaftTaft’s ambivalent approach to progressive reform leads to a split in the Republican Party and the loss of the presidency to the Democrats.
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Taft Becomes President
Taft Stumbles• 1908, Republican William Howard Taft wins with
Roosevelt’s support• Has cautiously progressive agenda; gets little credit
for successes• Does not use presidential bully pulpit to arouse public
opinion
Progressivism under Taft4SECTION
Continued . . .
• Republican William Howard Taft easily defeated Democrat William Jennings Bryan to win the 1908 presidential election
• Among his accomplishments, Taft “busted” 90 trusts during his 4 years in office
Taft, right, was Roosevelt’s War Secretary
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4SECTION
The Payne-Aldrich Tariff• Taft signs Payne-Aldrich Tariff—compromise bill,
moderate tariffs• Progressives angry, think he abandoned low tariffs,
progressivism
continued Taft Becomes President
• Taft made matters worse by defending both the Payne-Aldrich Tariff and Canadian Reciprocity.
• He traveled to Des Moines, the Iowa capital and a place seething with resentment over the failure of the Payne-Aldrich tariff to reduceduties substantially, to deliver a speech defending his administration's tariff policies.
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4SECTION
continued Taft Becomes President
Disputing Public Lands• Conservationists angry Richard A. Ballinger named
interior secretary- Ballinger puts reserved lands in public domain
• Interior official protests action, is fired, writes magazine exposé
• Gifford Pinchot head of U.S. Forest Service - testifies against Ballinger- is fired by Taft
Chapter 9 Section 4 Progressivism Under Taft
• A – How did Taft’s appointee Richard Ballinger anger conservationists?– Ballinger didn’t approve of conserving western
lands; – He permitted the sale of reserved lands to
business interests.
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4SECTION
Problems within the Party• Republicans split over Taft’s support of House
Speaker Joseph Cannon• Cannon weakens progressive agenda; progressives
ally with Democrats• 1910 midterm elections, Democrats get control of
House
The Republican Party Splits
Continued . . .
TAFT LOSES POWER
• Taft was not popular with the American public nor reform minded Republicans
• By 1910, Democrats had regained control of the House of Representatives
Taft called the Presidency, “The lonesomest job in the world”
Progressives Conservatives
1. Why did they support or oppose Taft?
Opposed- Taft because he had signed and defended the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, seemed to oppose conservation, and supported conservative boss Joseph Cannon
Supported Taft because they opposed progressivism, Roosevelt, and low tariffs and because they favored business
GUIDED READING:
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4SECTION
The Bull Moose Party• 1912 convention, Taft people outmaneuver
Roosevelt’s for nomination• Progressives form Bull Moose Party; nominate
Roosevelt, call for:- more voter participation in government- woman suffrage- labor legislation, business controls
• Runs against Democrat Woodrow Wilson, reform governor of NJ
continued The Republican Party Splits
• B – What were the differences between Taft’s and Roosevelt’s campaign platforms?– Roosevelt’s campaign platform was much
more progressive. – He advocated for change using the govt’s
power
Progressives Conservatives
2. What party did they form or stay with?
Progressive or Bull Moose Party
Republican Party
GUIDED READING:
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4SECTION
The Election• Wilson endorses progressive platform called the
New Freedom- wants stronger antitrust laws, banking reform, lower tariffs- calls all monopolies evil
• Roosevelt wants oversight of big business; not all monopolies bad
• Socialist Party candidate Eugene V. Debs wants to end capitalism
• Wilson wins great electoral victory; gets majority in Congress
Democrats Win in 1912
Progressive Party
Republican Party
Democratic Party
Socialist Party
3. Who did they run for president?
Theodore Roosevelt
William Howard Taft
Woodrow Wilson
Eugene V Debs
GUIDED READING:
1912 ELECTION
• Republicans split in 1912 between Taft and Teddy Roosevelt (who returned after a long trip to Africa)
• Convention delegates nominated Taft
• Some Republicans formed a third party – The Bull Moose Party and nominated Roosevelt
• The Democrats put forward a reform - minded New Jersey Governor, Woodrow Wilson
Democrats Bull mouse / Progressives
Republicans
Progressive Party
Republican Party
Democratic Party
Socialist Party
4. What was their candidate’s position on big business?
Supported government action to supervise big business, but did not oppose all big business monopolies
Favored business, but worked to break up trusts
Supported small business and free market competition
Felt that big business was evil and that the solution involved doing away with capitalism and distributing wealth
GUIDED READING:
WILSON WIN in 1912
WILSON’S NEW FREEDOM
• As America’s newly elected president, Wilson moved to enact his program, the “New Freedom”
• He planned his attack on what he called the triple wall of privilege: trusts, tariffs, and high finance
W. Wilson U.S. President 1912-1920
• C – What might be one of Wilson’s first issue to address as president?– Wilson might concentrate on the relationship
between business and govt.
Progressives Conservatives1. Why did they support or oppose Taft?
Opposed- Taft because he had signed and defended the Payne-Aldrich Tariff, seemed to oppose conservation, and supported conservative boss Joseph Cannon
Supported Taft because they opposed progressivism, Roosevelt, and low tariffs and because they favored business
2. What party did they form or stay with?
Progressive or Bull Moose Party Republican Party
Progressive Party Republican Party Democratic Party
Socialist Party
3. Who did they run for president?
Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft Woodrow Wilson Eugene V Debs
4. What was their candidate’s position on big business?
Supported government action to supervise big business, but did not oppose all big business monopolies
Favored business, but worked to break up trusts
Supported small business and free market competition
Felt that big business was evil and that the solution involved doing away with capitalism and distributing wealth
Why Gifford Pinchot is an important figure in U.S. history.
GUIDED READING: