standardization and certification of bioplastics...certification of bioplastics petra horvat, andrej...
TRANSCRIPT
This project is implemented through the CENTRAL EUROPE programme co-financed by the ERDF
www.plastice.org
STANDARDIZATION AND
CERTIFICATION OF BIOPLASTICS
Petra Horvat, Andrej Kržan National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana,
Slovenia
...is a project within the Central Europe program. Started in April 2011
...focuses on the identification and removal of barriers to the faster and more widespread use of sustainable types of plastics
...wants to promote new environmentally friendly, sustainable plastic solutions through complete value chain.
…one of expected results: establishment of certification for compostable plastics in Slovenia and Slovakia
...13 partners from 4 countries (PL, SK, SLO, I)
...involves entire value chain and centers of knowledge
… we are trying to reach beyond CE and the partnership
BIOPLASTICS
... are biobased, biodegradable or both.
BIOPLASTICS
FOSSIL
BIODEGRADABLE
NONBIODEGRADABLE
FOSSIL + RENEWABLE
BIODEGRADABLE
NONBIODEGRADABLE
RENEWABLE
BIODEGRADABLE
NONBIODEGRADABLE
SOURCES DEGRADABILITY
STANDARDIZATION OF BIOPLASTICS
WHY?
• Very difficult to distinguish bioplastics from “conventional” plastics
• Overcome difference in opinion
• To prevent false advertising
• Basis for
– a guarantee for consumers
– a tool for producers
STANDARDIZATION OF BIOPLASTICS
HOW?
• Developed and published by standardization organizations (ISO, CEN, ASTM, JIS, … SIST, HZN…)
• Each standardization organization has own standards
• CEN obligatory for EU member states
• Common to harmonize with ISO
• Standards
- Specification (criterion: pass/fail)
- Test method, Practice, Determination, Evaluation
STANDARDIZATION OF BIOPLASTICS
SPECIFICATIONS FOR COMPOSTING
EN 13432,
EN 14955, ISO
17088
ASTM D6400 AS 4736
ind.
AS 5810
Home
Disint.
> 90 % within 12
weeks (2 mm sieve
fraction)
As EN 13432 As EN
13432
Time 2 X
longer than
EN 13432
Heavy
metals EN 13432, Annex A
~ 10 x EN 13432 –
USA
~ 3 x EN 13432 –
Canada
As EN
13432 As EN 13432
Biodeg.
> 90 % within 180
days or relative to
+control
> 60 % (homopoly.)
> 90 % (copoly.)
within 180 days or
relative to + control
As EN
13432
Time 2 X
longer than
EN 13432 (at
25 oC)
Negative
effect
and
plant
toxicity
> 90 %
germination rate
and biomass of two
plants
As EN 13432
As EN
13432 +
worm test
(ASTM E
1676)
As EN 13432
+ worm test
(ASTM E
1676)
STANDARDIZATION FOR BIOBASED
• Use of renewable resources
• Basis: radiocarbon (14C) analysis
Standards
• ASTM D6866
• CEN/TS 16295:2012
• ISO/CD 16620 not yet!
• Result related only to carbon!
STANDARDIZATION FOR BIOBASED
Requirements
– min. 50 % of organic compounds
– non-toxic
• Medical products are excluded
Result
• % of renewable carbon
• No pass/fail
• Range 0 – 100 % - how much is enough?
CERTIFICATION
• proof issued by an independent authority
• based on a standard specification/method
• volontary, commercial
• a document and a logo, on-line record • public recognition
• For bioplastics: DIN CERTCO, Vinçotte (Europe)
CERTIFICATION OF BIOPLASTICS
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
- Valid certificate contains a name of the certification organization, certification number
- Other claims, although also called certificates, are not valid.
CERTIFICATION OF COMPOSTABILITY
• Products certification
• Intermediates/additives registration
• Chemically unmodified materials and components of natural origin
• Organic components > 50 %
• Printing dyes - compostable
• Blends and laminates
– all compostable, ½ thickness
• Certification of products made of registred materials (IR, thickness)
COUNTRY ORG. STANDARDS CERTIF. LABEL
CERTIFICATES ATTESTING COMPOSTABILITY
Germany DIN CERTCO EN 13432, ASTM D6400,
ISO 17088, EN 14995
Germany DIN CERTCO As SeedlingTM+ if applicable
AS 4736
Germany DIN CERTCO AS 5810
Belgium Vinçotte EN 13432, EN 14995
Belgium Vinçotte AS 5810
USA Biodegradable
products Institute ASTM D6400
CERTIFICATES ATTESTING OTHER BIODEGRADABILITY CHARACTRISTICS
Belgium Vinçotte
Special Vinçotte process
based on ISO 14851 or ISO
14852
Belgium Vinçotte
Special Vinçotte process
based on ISO 17556 or
ASTM D 5988 or ISO 11266
CERTIF. LOGOS
FOR COMPOST-ABILITY
CERTIFIC. OF
BIOBASED CONTENT
COUNTRY ORGANIZATION BIOBASED
CONTENT
CERTIFICATION
LABEL
Germany
DIN CERTCO
Additional
requirement:
Volatile solids
> 50 % (mass)
20 – 50 %
50 – 85 %
> 85 %
Belgium Vinçotte
20 – 40 %
40 – 60 %
60 – 80 %
> 80 %
CONCLUSION
• Standardization and certification of bioplastics complex
• Rapidly changing
• Solid basis of test methods and specifications
• Certification has a marketable value
• Need to inform industry and users
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
Andrej Kržan ([email protected])
Petra Horvat ([email protected])
www.plastice.org
/PlasticeSlovenia
/user/plasticeproject
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