Standard – SSUSH 10The student will identify legal, political, and social dimensions of

Reconstruction.

a) Compare and contrast Presidential Reconstruction with Radical Republican Reconstruction.

b) Explain efforts to redistribute land in the South among the former slaves and provide advanced education [Morehouse College] and describe the role of the Freedmen’s Bureau.

c) Describe the significance of the 13th Amendment, 14th Amendment, and 15th Amendment.

d) Explain the Black Codes, the Ku Klux Klan (KKK), and other forms of resistance to racial equality during Reconstruction.

e) Explain Andrew Johnson’s impeachment in relationship to Reconstruction.

f) Analyze how the presidential election of 1876 and the subsequent Compromise of 1877 marked the end of Reconstruction.

Presidential Radical Republican

• Lenient on allowing Southern states to re-enter.

• It only punished the higher officers of the Confederate Army.

• Wanted to punish ALL of those who fought for the South.

• Wanted to have military rule in the South. The military would appoint governors to control different sections of the South.

Presidential ReconstructionAbraham Lincoln

• 10% Plan• Lincoln’s ideas– South could not legally leave, so they never really

did. – Southern states should be admitted back into the

union as easily and quickly as possible• Lincoln’s Assassination ended any chance for

Southern states to be treated leniently by the North.

Presidential ReconstructionAndrew Johnson

• Johnson’s Reconstuction Plans– Very similar to Lincolns– Most Southern States readmitted under Johnson’s Plans– Johnson sought to punish only rich plantation owners –

he blamed them for the war– Used pardon power of President for many

ex=confederates

Radical Republican Reconstruction• After Lincoln Assassination– Radical Republicans take over Congress and

Reconstruction Plans– Places South under military rule– Forces South to approve Civil War Amendments– Requires majority of Southern voters to take an oath

of allegiance– Placed in power Republican State Governments

throughout the South– First time ever – Black elected officials in southern

State Governments

Andrew Johnson’s Impeachment

• Conflict over who in charge of Reconstruction– President Johnson vs. Radical Republican Congress– Johnson vetoes Radical Republican Reconstruction laws– Johnson ignores Tenure of Office Act– First time President ever impeached in American History

Impeachment of Andrew Johnson

• He violated the “Bogus” Tenure of Office Act. • He fired Stanton who was the Sec. of War without

permission from the Senate.

Civil War Amendments

• 13th Amendment– Ended slavery in all of America– Emancipation Proclamation ended slavery only in the

South• 14th Amendment– Designed to provide political equality for former slaves

[did not work until 1964]• 15th Amendment– Designed to ensure voting rights for former slaves [did not work until 1965]

Morehouse College

• College exemplifies legacy of Freedmen’s Bureau – Educational opportunities

Morehouse College

Freedman’s Bureau

• The Bureau supervised all of the relief programs for the “freed” men.

• They issued rations, clothing, and medicine.

Freedmen’s Bureau

• Government agency created to help former slaves in the South

• Provided immediate aid - food, shelter, clothes• Protected former slaves in labor contracts• Lasting legacy – educational opportunities via the

establishment of schools and colleges

Black Codes

• Laws enacted by Southern governments after Reconstruction

• Laws designed to humiliate and subjugate former slaves

Ku Klux Klan [KKK]

• White supremacy group formed during the Reconstruction Era

• Goals– keep former slaves from voting– Intimidate northerners from helping former slaves– Reinstate Democrat/white state governments