standard operating procedure management of laboratory...
TRANSCRIPT
Standard Operating Procedure
Management of Laboratory Waste
Laboratory of Microbiology
Faculty of Medicine
Universitas Brawijaya
Malang
2017
Hal. i
IDENTIFICATION SHEET
UNIVERSITAS BRAWIJAYA
UN.10/F08.48/HK.01.02.a/001
Date of Verification:
20 November 2017
Management of
Laboratory Waste
3rd revision
Management of Laboratory Waste
Process
Person in Charge
Date
Name Position Signature
1. Formulation dr. Siwipeni
Irmawanti
Rahayu,
M.Biomed
Manager
Representative
2. Verification Dr. dr. Dwi
Yuni Nur
Hidayati,
M.Kes
Head of
Laboratory of
Microbiology
3. Approval Dr. dr. Wisnu
Barlianto,
M.Si.Med.,
Sp.A(K)
Vice Dean I for
Academic Affair
4. Validation Dr. dr. Sri
Andarini,
M.Kes
Dean
5. Monitoring dr. Siwipeni
Irmawanti
Rahayu,
M.Biomed
Head of Quality
Assurance Unit
Hal. ii
CONTENTS
IDENTIFICATION SHEET ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- i
CONTENTS --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
A. Objective ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
B. Scopes and Related Unit(s)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
C. Related Quality Standard(s) --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
D. Definition --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1
E. Procedures -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3
F. Bagan Alir ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.
G. Referensi --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 13
H. Lampiran -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Error! Bookmark not defined.
Hal. 1
A. Objective
This manual is made to regulate lab waste management in FKUB in order to
ensure safe and verified storage, transportation and disposal of lab waste.
B. Scopes and Related Unit(s)
This manual is applied to lab waste originated from all lab work (in
scope of education, research and community service).
This manual covers procedure from collection until disposal of lab
waste.
C. Related Quality Standard(s)
This SOP has not had any relation with related quality standard from inside
of the institution. However, this SOP is related to the national regulations as
follow: Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 101 Year 2014
about management of hazardous and toxic waste substances (Peraturan
Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 101 tahun 2014 tentang pengelolaan
limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun).
D. Definition
Researcher is a person who is doing work in the laboratory, either as
single worker or being accompanied by analyst. Researcher can be
student (either undergraduate or graduate) or non-student (lecturer,
full-time researcher, etc)
Analyst is a person who is in charge in the workflow inside the
laboratory.
Lab waste is organic or inorganic residue, leftover, and / or excessive
substance fulfilling the following criteria:
o It is originated directly or indirectly from laboratory procedure,
as solid or liquid waste;
o It is either hazardous or non-hazardous;
o It is not re-usable;
o It has no economic value.
Hazardous and poisonous lab waste (Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan
Beracun / Limbah B3) is substance, energy and or other component
which potentially pollute and endanger its surrounding environment,
including the health of living beings. Hazardous lab waste includes,
but not limited to, the following:
o infectious agents,
Hal. 2
o fixed or unfixed human or animal tissue,
o potentially infectious body fluids,
o live or attenuated vaccine,
o recombinant and or synthetic DNA/RNA,
o immortal cell lines,
o corrosive agent,
o teratogen / mutagenic substance,
o cytotoxic agent,
o radioactive agent,
o heavy metal,
o staining substance,
o sharp or pointy object
o object glass and other glassware,
o inoculated media,
o non-re-usable container,
o contaminated solid waste,
o and other contaminated waste.
Detailed definition and grouping of hazardous lab waste is explained in
Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 101 Year 2014
about management of hazardous and toxic waste substances
(Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 101 tahun 2014
tentang pengelolaan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun)
Non-hazardous lab waste can be defined by its potency to
unnecessarily take up usable space in laboratory without endangering
its surrounding environment.
Lab waste management includes storage, transportation and disposal
of lab waste.
o Lab waste storage consists of:
handling the lab waste in laboratory from worksite to lab
waste storage,
storing the lab waste in laboratory until predetermined
time of mobilization and disposal,
managing the storage at safe place with appropriate
labelling.
During this period, lab waste may be subjected to initial
treatment such as decontamination, disinfection or
antisepsis.
o Lab waste transportation consists of shipping the stored lab
waste from laboratory to final waste-treatment unit for further
treatment (i.e. incinerating) or recycling;
o Lab waste disposal consists of placing treated lab waste with
measured concentration and amount into appointed area;
followed by regular surveillance to measure its effect to the
surrounding environment.
Hal. 3
Lab waste management in FKUB consists of lab waste collection and
lab waste transportation.
Initial treatment is any given treatment for lab waste before shipping.
It generally consists of steam sterilization (autoclave) or chemical
treatment, or both.
Universal laboratory precaution is a set of protective equipment that
must be worn by all lab practitioner during any work in laboratory.
Lab practitioner is all individual who are directly involved with any
activities within laboratory. This definition includes researcher,
analyst, lecturer, student, technician and lab waste transporter.
Lab manager is the person in charge (PIC) of lab waste management in
a laboratory, including proper labelling and appropriate placing of the
storage.
Unit … (faculty) is a unit responsible for lab waste management in
faculty, including agreement conduction and implementation with
offsite treatment unit, lab waste collection for shipping and lab waste
transportation.
E. Procedures
A. General Rules
1. Lab practitioner must equip universal laboratory precaution
before and during handling lab waste. This include appropriate
lab coat, gloves, mask, closed footwear and if necessary, goggle.
2. Lab practitioner must ensure space availability within waste
storage before adding new lab waste into it. In case there is no
available space, the lab practitioner must inform the lab
manager.
3. Lab practitioner must ensure that the lab waste is placed
properly into the appropriate storage. Lab waste such as glass
and needle must be placed into glass disposal box and
needle/sharps disposal box, respectively, and should not be
mixed with other types of lab waste.
4. Lab practitioner must ensure that the lab waste storage is
closed properly after addition of new waste.
5. Lab waste from all laboratory is collected by General Affair and
Equipment Unit of FKUB and transported to final waste-
treatment unit regularly. Lab manager is responsible to record
the time of lab waste transportation and amount of transported
lab waste.
6. Lab waste should not be stored for longer than 90 days. It is
required to label the container with biohazard symbol, as well as
storage start date and type of chemical / biological substance.
Hal. 4
7. Any process of initial treatment (i.e. autoclave or chemical
treatment) must be recorded
Hal. 5
B. Lab Waste Management
B.1. Lab Waste Type and Treatment
B.1.1. Biological lab waste
Biological lab waste consists of, but not limited to, the
following:
o infectious agents,
o live or attenuated vaccine,
o fixed or unfixed human or animal tissue,
o potentially infectious body fluids, including stool,
o recombinant and or synthetic DNA/RNA,
o immortal cell lines,
General management of biological lab waste is as follow:
1. The residual substance is placed into heat-resistant
container vessel, i.e. plastic wrap. The vessel must be
properly labelled to track back the residual substance after
autoclaving. Maximum amount of residue for each vessel is
¾ part of total vessel’s capacity. The vessel must be loosely
closed to ensure steam access.
2. The residue is then autoclaved at 121 – 132oC with 15 psi
pressurized steam for 15 minutes.
3. The autoclaved residue is then stored into appointed
storage until shipping for incineration.
Note:
Culture of acid-fast bacteria and heat-resistant organism
must be soaked in lysol for at least 18 hours before
autoclaved.
A small amount of biological lab waste can be treated
chemically before storing.
Lab waste with volatile, corrosive and or radioactive
substance should not be autoclaved.
B.1.2. Chemical lab waste
Chemical lab waste consists of, but not limited to, the
following:
o corrosive agent,
o teratogen / mutagenic substance,
o cytotoxic agent,
o radioactive agent,
o heavy metal,
o staining substance, i.e. crystal violet
General management for chemical substance and chemical lab
waste within laboratory is as follow:
Hal. 6
o Minimize the quantity of chemical substance used in lab to
the very least possible. This is important to reduce chemical
lab waste generated after lab procedure.
o Use only container with non-reactive material to store
chemical lab waste.
o Choose the appropriate spot in lab to put the waste storage
safely. It should not be a spot where there would be many
passerby. The storage should be secured or immobilized
before shipping and has proper closing.
o Do not mix acid lab waste with basic lab waste.
o The amount of stored chemical lab waste should not exceed
¾ of container’s total capacity to ensure proper closing, also
easier and safer handling.
o Specific conditions that are usually found in lab:
Ethidium bromide
Highly concentrated ethidium bromide is very mutagenic.
Ethidium bromide gels should be collected in double-
wrapped plastic bag. Excessive buffer should be removed
using paper towel prior to gel wrapping. The remaining
buffer should not be mixed with other substance during
storage.
Mercury
i.e. broken thermometer; the substance must be collected
and put into impermeable and tightly sealed container. Do
not mix it with any other waste.
Silica gel
The silica gel must be collected in double-wrapped plastic
bag. It should not be mixed with any liquid waste, paper
or any ware with silica material.
Radioactive agent or highly reactive agent
Any presence of lab waste containing radioactive or highly
reactive agent must be separately stored and reported
without delay to General Affair and Equipment Unit of
FKUB for proper storage and or shipping.
Corrosive agent
This type of lab waste should not be autoclaved to
minimize risk of device corrosion.
B.1.3. Sharps
This type of lab waste consists of needle, lancet, scalpel blades,
and other pointy object that is used in laboratory. This
includes object glass, cover glass and other waste that may
cause puncture, cut and scraping.
Hal. 7
General management for sharps is as follow:
o Sharps must be placed into a rigid, non-penetrable,
closeable and leak-proof container (needle / sharp disposal
box)
o The container should be properly labeled as sharp disposal
box with biohazard symbol. Maximum storage time of
sharps is 90 days. It is required to label the container with
storage start date.
o The container must be placed in stable spot and should not
be opened unless when putting the sharps in. After putting
the sharps, always make sure that the container is properly
closed.
o The amount of stored sharps within container should not
exceed 2/3 of container’s total capacity to ensure proper
closing and safer handling.
o Any clipping, breaking and recapping of pointy parts of
sharps is not recommended since it may cause injury and
exposure to hazardous substance.
o Sharps should not be mixed with other solid lab waste, and
should not be put into any container other than sharp
disposal box.
Note:
Needle must be separated with other sharps waste. The
container must be properly labeled as needle disposal box.
B.1.4. Solid lab waste
Solid lab waste includes all waste that has neither biological
nor chemical properties but used within laboratory work, i.e.
gloves, sample container, inoculating loop, syringe, filter,
disposable pipette, etc. Autoclave is recommended for initial
treatment for this type of lab waste.
Depending on type of lab waste, additional container vessel
(i.e. plastic wrap) may be needed before autoclaving.
B.1.5. Mixed lab waste
Mixed lab waste includes all waste that contains more than
one probable hazardous properties, i.e. biological, chemical,
carcinogenic, radioactive, etc. All properties of mixed lab waste
should be identified before doing autoclave or chemical
treatment.
Note:
Any mixed lab waste containing volatile substance or
highly reactive substance should not be autoclaved or
chemically treated, respectively. Volatile substance must
Hal. 8
be chemically treated and separately stored from other
lab waste.
Any mixed lab waste containing corrosive agent should
not be autoclaved.
B.2. Lab Waste Shipping
The shipping will be accommodated by General Affair and
Equipment Unit of FKUB within cycle of 80 – 90 days.
Any container that has been filled until the recommended volume
must be properly and securely sealed using non-permeable, non-
penetrable, highly adhesive seal (i.e. scotch tape) and put into rigid
and leak-proof secondary container prior to transportation.
Any shipping must be recorded by PIC of laboratory and General
Affair and Equipment Unit of FKUB before transported to offsite
unit for treatment and disposal. The unit will transport lab waste to
the appointed offsite unit as stated in Agreement Contract Letter
(Surat Perjanjian Kerjasama / SPK) of Transportation and
Processing / Utilization / Disposal of Hazardous and poisonous lab
waste (Limbah Bahan Berbahaya dan Beracun / Limbah B3) made
by Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya.
C. Labelling
Proper labelling is mandatory for all lab waste container. Universal
Biological Hazard Symbol (UBHS) as the following symbol must be
properly attached to all container:
The symbol is usually black or orange-red in color with contrast
background to permit easy identification. It must be clear enough to
see from across the room and placed in proper angle to be seen from
all direction.
Lab waste card should also be attached to identify type of lab waste,
date of first lab waste entry and any hazardous substance within the
lab waste.
Note:
UBHS should only be used in purpose to indicate any hazard and
should not be placed improperly for any other purpose.
Hal. 9
D. Lab Waste Container
To ensure safety, the container in general must be:
Closable,
Non-penetrable,
Non-impermeable,
Leak-proof,
Non-reactive,
Easy to handle,
Properly labelled with biohazard symbol,
Equipped with proper information of type of contained lab waste,
Placed at stable area with least passerby.
Note:
o Sharp / needle container must be lockable and not easily
unlockable once locked,
o Plastic bags for lab waste wrapping must be tightly sealable
tear-resistant, leak-proof and thick enough to minimize
accidental burst when collided or dropped.
Hal. 10
F. Flowchart
1. Biological Lab Waste
PIC Process Input / Output
Researcher
/ Analyst
Analyst
Analyst
Analyst,
Appointed Collector
Done
This process is recorded
Mass collection held by the faculty then the residue is transported to
incinerator
Stored residue
Sterilized residue is stored into appointed storage
(at most 1 month).
Sterilized residue;
this process is
recorded
The residue is then autoclaved at 121 – 132oC with 15 psi
(30 minutes).
Wrapped waste
product
The waste product is placed into heat-resistant container vessel, i.e.
plastic wrap.
(10 – 30 minutes).
Start
Hal. 11
2. Chemical Lab Waste
PIC Process Input / Output
Researcher
/ Analyst
Analyst
Analyst, Appointed
Collector
Done
This process is
recorded
Mass collection held by the faculty
then the residue is transported to
incinerator
Stored waste
product
Waste product is stored into appointed storage
(at most 1 month).
Stored waste product
The waste product is placed into non-reactive material. Do not mix
acidic and basic material.
(See procedure for detailed process)
Start
Hal. 12
3. Sharps
PIC Process Input / Output
Researcher
/ Analyst
Analyst
Analyst, Appointed
Collector
Done
This process is
recorded
Mass collection held by the faculty
then the residue is transported to
incinerator
Isolated waste
product
The contained is clearly labeled as ‘sharp disposal box’
(can be filled until at most 2/3 of
box’s height)
Isolated waste product
The waste product is placed into rigid, non-penetrable, closeable and leak-proof container or using
needle / sharp disposal box.
Start
Hal. 13
G. Reference(s)
(Sort by first alphabet)
Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Guidelines for Safe Work
Practices in Human and Medical Diagnostic Laboratories. Morbidity
and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). 2012. Vol 61.
Environmental Health and Radiation Safety. Laboratory Chemical Lab
Waste Management Guidelines. University of Philadelphia. 2011.
Environmental Health and Safety (EHS) and Office of Radiation,
Chemical and Biological Safety (ORCBS). Waste Disposal Guide. How
to Properly Dispose of Waste Materials Generated at Michigan State
University. East Lansing. Michigan State University. 2009.
Government Regulation of Republic of Indonesia No. 101 Year 2014
about management of hazardous and toxic waste substances
(Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia No. 101 tahun 2014
tentang pengelolaan limbah bahan berbahaya dan beracun)
Infectious Waste Committee and Institutional Biosafety Committee.
Biohazardous Waste Management Plan. University of Washington.
2016.
Laboratorium Sentral Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Unievrsitas
Brawijaya. Manual Prosedur Pengumpulan dan Pembuangan Limbah.
2015.
Laboratory of Pharmacology Faculty of Medicine Universitas
Brawijaya. Procedure Manual of Waste Management. 2014.
Laboratory of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya.
Manual of Lab Waste Management. 2015.
Laboratory of Parasitology Faculty of Medicine Universitas Brawijaya.
Procedure Manual Laboratory’s Waste Management. 2015.