Stages of Spelling Stages of Spelling DevelopmentDevelopment

Stages of Spelling Stages of Spelling DevelopmentDevelopment

How do children learn how to spell?

Concepts of print

Letter-sound correspondence (match)

Spelling within a one-syllable word

Build words with multi-syllables

Word meanings related to spelling

How do children learn how to spell?

• Concepts of print • Letter-sound

correspondence

• Spelling within a word

• Build words with multi-syllables

• Word meanings

1. Emergent:Scribbles>letters & directionality

2. Letter-Name: Alphabetic principle, consonants / short vowels /cons.blends

3. Within-word patterns: long vowel, bossy-r, vowel combinations

4. Syllables & Affixes (Word Endings): plurals, tenses

5. Derivational Relations: relationship btw spelling & meaning, various forms

INVENTED SPELLING…

Spelling < > Reading

1. Emergent: Scribbles >letters & directionality

2. Letter-Name: Alphabetic principle, consonants / short vowels /cons.blends

3. Within-word patterns: long vowel, bossy-r, vowel combinations

4. Syllables & Affixes (Word Endings): plurals, tenses

5. Derivational Relations: relationship btw spelling & meaning, various forms

Emergent ReaderPreK-K

Beginning ReaderK-1

Transitional Reader

Gr 2 – 3

Advanced ReaderGr. 4 +

A clarification…

• Letter-Name Alphabetic Spellers tend to spell by the NAME of the letter (Y = why; YN = when; UZ = use) and they often use the uppercase letter– Early (mostly letter names)– Middle > Late (combine names & sounds)

• Next steps: Focus on the SOUND of the letter and how SOUNDS get combined to form words

Can you match them up?

personable, personality

kit (kite)runing (running)lOEO~~OllOAOo~~TD (today)frend (friend)

Emergent

Early Letter Name

Late Letter Name

Within-Word

Syllables/Affixes

Derivational

What should you teach next? See also p. 178-179 in Tompkins for other assessments (PALS, Qualitative Spelling Inventory)

How do you know what spelling stage they

are in?

• Look at what patterns they are USING

• Then look at what patterns they are CONFUSING

• The things they are confusing indicates their developmental stage and what you should teach next

LET’S TRY IT OUT

Stages of Spelling Development

• Stage 1: Emergent Spelling

Stages of Spelling Development

Stage 2: Letter Name – Alphabetic Spelling

Early Letter Name Middle-Late Letter Name

Within-word confusions

Stages of Spelling Development

Stage 3: Within Word Pattern Spelling Early Within Word

Stages of Spelling Development

• Stage 4: Syllables and Affixes Spelling

Stages of Spelling Development

• Stage 5: Derivational Relations Spelling

Steps in Determining Student’s Stage of

Spelling Development

• 1. Choose writing samples• 2. Identify misspelled words• 3. Make a spelling analysis chart• 4. Categorize student’s misspellings

• 5. Tally the errors• 6. Identify topics for instruction

Spelling Development in Within Word Pattern Stage(Transitional

Readers)• Vowel patterns (long, r-controlled, w-controlled, l-controlled)

• Dipthongs (Whiners – oo, oy/oi, ow/ou; aw/au)

• Complex Consonants (ck, ch/tch, kn, dge/ge, squ, scr/spr/str)

• Pacing Chart WTW p. 216-217

Today a person at home called us and said that a bomb was in our school and made us go outside and made us wait a half of an hour and it made us waste our time on learning. The end. (Written by Marc in Grade 1)

Letter-Name Alphabetic Within-Word Syllables & Affixes

Other Issues Conclusion: Goals for Word Study Instruction:

1.

2.

3.

4.

Today a person at home called us and said that a bomb was in our school and made us go outside and made us wait a half of an hour and it made us waste our time on learning. The end.

Letter Formationb for dz for s

• Conclusion: Marc spelled 56% of the words correctly and most of his spelling errors were in the letter-name and within-word patterns stages, which is typical of first graders’ spelling.

• What goals for word study instruction? – Letter d (vs. b) and letter s (vs. z)– High-frequency words– CVCe vowel pattern– ed past tense ending