CLSG Cambridge Latin Course Workbook

Stage 10

RHETOR

Name: ……………………………………………………………

2 Stage10

1. The French revolutionaries proclaimed 'Liberty, Equality and Fraternity'. What is Fraternity?

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2. Why was the Pacific Ocean so named?

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3. We are often asked to conserve water and preserve the natural environment. From which Latin word are the two English ones derived?

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4. What is the natural habitat of a plant or animal?

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5. Use your knowledge of Latin words to circle the correct answer:

Solitary confinement means being imprisoned:

a) alone b) in a cell c) without food

6. Is a taciturn person likely to utter an exclamation? Give a reason for your answer?

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7. In the Christian calendar, what is Annunciation Day?

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8. Why is an invention so called? ……………………………………………………………………

3 Stage10

Quick drill: nouns Complete the declension of the main three noun types in the table below:

Extension: write out the nominative and accusative singular of six other 3rd Declension nouns.

singular 1st declension 2nd declension 3rd declension

nominative puella servus civis

accusative

genitive puellae servi civis

dative

ablative puella servo cive

plural

nominative

accusative

genitive puellarum servorum civium

dative

ablative puellis servis civibus

4 Stage10

Stage 10: Model Sentences Date: …………………………

5 Stage10

6 Stage10

New Grammar: 1st and 2nd plural verbs

1 In this Stage, you have met sentences with 'we' and 'you':

nos laboramus. We work. vos laboratis. You work. nos currimus. We run. vos curritis. You run.

Notice that vos laboratis and vos curritis are plural forms. They are used when 'you' refers to more than one person.

2 You have now met the whole of the present tense:

3 Notice that nos and vos are not strictly necessary, since the endings

-mus and -tis make it clear that 'we' and 'you' are being spoken about. The Romans generally used nos and vos only for emphasis.

4 Translate the following examples, underlining the personal endings in the Latin verbs:

a nos pugnamus. vos dormitis. ……………………………………………………………………….

b vos clamatis. nos audimus. ………………………………………………………………………… c ambulamus. dicimus. videmus. ……………………………………………………………………. d videtis. nuntiatis. intramus. …………………………………………………………………………

7 Stage10

5 The Latin for 'we are' and 'you (plural) are' is as follows: nos sumus iuvenes. We are young men. vos estis pictores. You are painters.

nos sumus fortes. We are brave. vos estis ignavi. You are lazy.

So the complete present tense of sum is: 6 The verb ‘to be’ is still recognisable in the modern European languages which descend directly

from Latin. You probably know parts of this verb in one of the languages below. See how much of the table below you can fill out. You can ask around the classroom for help to fill out the table.

English Latin French Spanish Italian Portuguese

I am suis sou

you (s.) are sei és

s/he is est é

we are somos

you (pl.) are

they are são

7 Why do you think that the English verb conjugates so differently to the other languages?

8 Stage10

controversia

9 Stage10

Make any extra notes on the controversia passage onto the lines below. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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10 Stage10

New Grammar: comparative adjectives 1 Study the following pairs of sentences:

nos Romani sumus callidi. We Romans are clever.

nos Romani sumus callidiores quam vos Graeci. We Romans are cleverer than you Greeks.

nos Romani sumus fortes. We Romans are brave.

nos Romani sumus fortiores quam vos Graeci. We Romans are braver than you Greeks.

The words in bold type are known as comparatives. They are used to compare two things with each other. In the examples above, the Romans compare themselves with the Greeks.

2 Translate the following examples, underlining the Latin comparative adjectives:

a Pompeiani sunt stulti. Nucerini sunt stultiores quam Pompeiani. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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b Diodorus erat iratus, sed Thrasymachus erat iratior quam Diodorus. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… c mea villa est pulchra, sed tua villa est pulchrior quam mea. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

3 The word magnus forms its comparative in an irregular way: Nuceria est magna. Roma est maior quam Nuceria. Nuceria is large. Rome is larger than Nuceria. 4 Can you think of an English word which comes from the Latin for larger? ………………………

11 Stage10

Comparisons

12 Stage10

statuae

Make any extra notes on the statua passage onto the lines below.

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14 Stage10

anulus Aegyptius

15 Stage10

1. How did Syphax pay for his drink?

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2. Why did he pay in this way?

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3. What do you think he meant in lines 3 and 4 by saying Neptunus navem meam delevit?

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4. In lines 7-9, Syphax gives three pieces of information about the ring. What are they? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………………………………………(3)

5. What did the innkeeper do with the ring when he returned home? …………………………………………………………………………………………………………(2)

6. uxor postridie ad urbem contendebat (line 13). Who met the wife? What two things did he

make her do? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………(2+1)

7. What did she find when she returned to the inn (line 18)?………………………...……………(1)

8. What three things happened after the other slaves spotted the money (lines 24-5)? ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………… (3)

9. Who found the ring?.........................................……………………………………………………(1)

10. Poppaea thought the ring was lucky. Who had the opposite opinion earlier in the story? Who do you think was right? Give a reason. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….(1+2)

Total: / 20

16 Stage10

Quick drill: verbs

Complete the present tense (indicative active) of regular verbs.

1st Conjugation 2nd Conjugation 3rd Conjugation 4th Conjugation

1st singular amo moneo traho audio

2nd singular

3rd singular

1st plural

2nd plural

3rd plural

17 Stage10

Writing materials

18 Stage10

Teach yourself Greek

19 Stage10

20 Stage10

English to Latin sentences Translate the following sentences from English into Latin. The vocabulary you need can be found in checklists 1-10, with most words coming from checklist 10. Any vocabulary outside of these lists has been glossed for you.

NB: you need to take especial care with noun and verb endings when translating into Latin from English.

1. The crowd today is bigger than yesterday.

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2. We Greeks are more happy than you Pompeians.

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3. The clever brother finds the ring and gives it to the girl.

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4. You (pl) are poets. You are running to the forum.

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5. You (s) accept the prize. You are fierce, but Diodorus is very fierce.

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