Failure to Float Twice:The Costa Concordia & MV SewolStacy SmithSYSM 6309 – Spring 2015

The Costa Concordia

The MV Sewol

Listing : A Brief Lesson

Costa Concor

diaJanuary 13,

2012

32 Lives Lost

Hit rocks causing gash

Both Ships

Ship listed

Captain delayed call to abandon ship

Capt. Abandoned ship before passengers

MV Sewol

April 16, 2014

304 Lives Lost

Illegally modified

Recommended Solution• Create the ability for the nearest Coast Guard to

activate an alarm on board the ship • Cannot be overridden• Must be obeyed by all crewmembers• Signals all passengers and crewmembers to immediately

initiate evacuation

• Criteria for Coast Guard Intervention• List Angle• Acceleration of Vessel• Ship Vitals

Class Diagram

Activity Diagrams• Current State• Precondition: Ship is in distress• Postcondition: The ship is evacuated

• Issues• If the Captain fails to acknowledge (truthfully or not) that

the ship is in distress, the ship will not be evacuated in time and there will be a loss of life• This delay could be amplified if a loss of power occurs and

the Abandon Ship order is not transmitted clearly

Capt. acknowledge

s Ship’s distress

Capt. Orders Abandon

Ship

Crew assists passengers

with abandoning

ship

Ship begins to list

Capt. acknowledges Ship’s distress

List angle, acceleration,

and ship conditions are sent to Coast

Guard

Coast Guard activates alarm

to evacuate ship

Capt. Orders Abandon Ship

Crew assists passengers with

abandoning ship

Activity Diagrams• Future State• Precondition: Ship is in distress• Postcondition: The ship is evacuated

Problem Interdependency GraphSoftgoal Interdependency Graph

D1: The ship is listing.D2: The ship is transmitting its list angle.

R1: The Coast Guard activates the alarm on the ship when it is listing.

Reference Model

The ship’s intercom and radio system

S1: If the ship lists to a certain angle, an alarm will instruct passengers to evacuate.

Summary• You cannot entirely remove human error or ill-

intentioned actions.• Allowing the Coast Guard to make the unbiased

decision to abandon ship with remove any pride from clouding the situation, ultimately saving lives and reputations.

References• http://perspectives.mvdirona.com/2012/01/studying-the-costa-concordia-grounding/• http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-16563562• http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-31430998• http://

www.awpagesociety.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/Carnival-Corporation-Case-A-and-B.pdf

• http://www.agcs.allianz.com/insights/white-papers-and-case-studies/safety-and-shipping-report/

• http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/picturegalleries/worldnews/10985345/Costa-Concordia-in-pictures-Inside-the-cruise-liner-after-two-years-underwater.html?frame=2983891

• http://www.enav-international.com/wosmedia/273/costaconcordiaanatomyofanorganisationalaccident.pdf

• http://www.cbsnews.com/news/fact-sheet-the-costa-concordia-cruise-liner/• http://www.shipcruise.org/costa-concordia/#sinking_animation• http://www.rina.org.uk/costa_concordia_passenger_evacuation.html• https://

www.boat-ed.com/pennsylvania/studyGuide/Hull-Types-and-How-They-Operate/101039_101039011

• http://www.theweek.co.uk/world-news/58164/south-korea-ferry-death-toll-hits-100-salvage-begins

• http://www.nbcnews.com/storyline/south-korea-ferry-disaster