by Laurefel P Gabales DPA 201 Prof. Jo B. Bitonio, DPA

Spanish Colonial Period The American Regime The Independent Republic The Martial Law Regime

Contradictory colonial objectives Idealism Expediency Philosophy regarding public

office Appointment Purchase

Criticisms Incompetence of the

officeholders Rapacity of the officeholders Colonial bureaucracy

Factor of distance Visitador-general Residencia Highly centralized organization Colonical Situation

Significant phase in the evolution of modern colonial policy and administration

Separation of church and state Political institutions set up in

accordance with the democratic and republican character of political institutions in the U.S.

Philippine Commission as upper house

All-Filipino lower house Under non political civil

service Legislative intentions

reinforced by implementors of the legislation

Free from the spoils system Much broader coverage Major characteristics Broad in coverage Centralized in organization

The Civil Service Act Prohibited any inquiry into

political and religious views No direct or indirect

solicitations Competent and qualified

employees Security of tenure

Americans were paid higher salaries

More Americans occupy higher positions

Turn out to be a failure More attractive opportunities

outside Filipinization of the Civil Service

Commonwealth period gave Filipinos greater control over their own affairs

Guarantee independence Extended civil service to all

branches Creation of GSIS

Granted independence Problems of Second World War Economic prostration Severe physical destruction Political amorality Emergence of two-party system First school of public

administration

The organization of Government Survey and Reorganization Committee

The Civil Service Act of 1959 Bureau into Civil Service

Commission Full-time Civil Service Board

Creation of personnel offices Appropriate training staff Performance rating system Improper solicitation of

contributions Violations of civil service

rules and regulations

Forfeiture Law of 1955 The Anti-Graft and Corrupt

Practices Act Created anti-graft agencies

Presidential Decree No. 1 activated the Integrated Reorganization Plan

Succession of Presidential Decrees and Letter of Instructions for civil service

PD No. 6 PD No. 868

PD No. 807 LOI Nos. 316, 317, 318, 319 and

320 Structural changes and

innovations Single headed CSC to three man

Commission Decentralization of personnel

functions

More effective policies on personnel selection, promotion, discipline and training

Formulation of Career Executive Service (CES)

Three-year “Civil Service Development Plan”

Career and personnel development

Performance evaluation Administrative discipline Recruitment and examination Review of policies Corruption remained a major

problem

Bureau of Internal Revenue Board of Transportation Other government agencies Creation of Tanodbayan

(Ombudsman) and a special court, the Sandiganbayan

Introduction to Public AdministrationA Reader 2nd Edition

National College of Public Administration & Governance

University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City, 2003