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ST. VINCENT COLLEGE SIS AND HERMAN DUPRÉ SCIENCE PAVILION

CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE 03 30 00 - 1 (45307035)

SECTION 03 30 00 - CAST-IN-PLACE CONCRETE PART 1 - GENERAL 1.01 RELATED DOCUMENTS A. Drawings and general provisions of the Contract , including General

and Supplementary Conditions and Division 1 Specifi cation Sections, apply to this Section.

1.02 SECTION SUMMARY A. This Section includes concrete for various appl ications and related accessories: 1. Concrete formwork, including cylinder forms fo r downspout

enclosures at Atrium. 2. Concrete reinforcement. 3. Concrete slabs on grade. 4. Expansion and Control Joints. 5. Suspended structural concrete floor slabs. 6. Concrete foundations and footings. 7. Concrete fill in metal deck supported slabs, s teel pan stairs,

and landings. 8. Concrete sidewalks and paving; iron oxide stai n. 9. Concrete paving. 10. Exposed aggregate concrete, paving and sidewa lks. 11. Concrete basin for fountain. 12. Install inserts and sleeves to be built-in. 13. Underslab vapor barrier. 14. Admixtures for concrete. 15. Concrete curing. Interior and exterior concr ete. 16. Grout for leveling plates for steel columns a nd base plates

for steel. 17. Design of concrete mixes required on project. 18. Concrete repairs for existing floors, columns , beams and

walls. 19. Self-leveling concrete to repair any irregula r floor surfaces. 20. Concrete Dressing for existing concrete and m asonry walls

exposed during construction. 21. Quality control testing of design mix.

22. Concrete stain. 23. Integral color. 24. Grinding and polishing of concrete floors. 25. Waterstops. 26. Strengthening and repairing existing concrete with carbon

fiber fabric and/or carbon fiber plates applied wit h epoxy.

1.03 DEFINITIONS

A. Cementitious Materials: Portland cement alone or in combination with one or more of the following: blen ded hydraulic cement, fly ash and other pozzolans, grou nd



granulated blast-furnace slag, and silica fume; sub ject to compliance with requirements.

1.04 RELATED SECTIONS A. Related Sections include the following: 1. Section 03 01 00 – Concrete Restoration. 2. Section 03 15 00 – Concrete Expansion Joints. 3. Section 31 20 00 - Earthwork; Porous Fill; Engin eered Fill

Requirements. 4. Section 32 12 16 - Asphalt Paving; Geotextile Fabric. 5. Section 07 10 00 - Waterproof Membrane. 6. Section 07 92 00 - Joint Sealers. 7. Division 23 – Radiant heat in concrete slab at A trium. 1.05 SUBMITTALS A. Product Data: Submit manufacturer's product da ta with application

and installation instructions for proprietary mater ials and items, including forming accessories, admixtures, joint sy stems, waterstops, curing compounds, and others.

B. Design Mixes: Provide for each concrete mix. I nclude alternate mix

designs when characteristics of materials, project conditions, weather, test results, or other circumstances warra nt adjustments.

1. Indicate amounts of mixing water to be withheld for later addition at Project site.

C. Shop Drawings: Submit shop drawings for fabric ation, bending and

placement of concrete reinforcement. Comply with A CI publication ACI 315 "Details and Detailing of Concrete Reinforc ement", showing bar schedules, stirrup spacing, diagrams of bent ba rs, arrangement

of concrete reinforcement. Include special reinf orcement required around openings through concrete structures.

D. Material Certificates: Provide materials certi ficates in lieu of

materials laboratory test reports when permitted by Architect. Material certificates shall be signed by manufactur er and Contractor, certifying that each material item comp lies with, or exceeds, specified requirements. Include ASTM Certi fications and chloride contents.

1.06 QUALITY ASSURANCE A. Regulatory Requirements: Concrete shall comply with applicable

provisions of the following standards, latest editi on which are hereby made, by reference, a part of this Specifica tion.

1. ACI 117 – Specifications for Tolerances for Co ncrete

Construction and Materials. 2. ACI 211.1 - Standard Practice for Selecting Pr oportions for



Normal, Heavyweight, and Mass Concrete; American Co ncrete Institute International; 1991 (Reapproved 1997).

3. ACI 301 - Specifications for Structural Concre te for

Buildings; American Concrete Institute Internationa l; 1999. 4. ACI 304R - Guide for Measuring; Mixing, Transp orting, and

Placing Concrete; American Concrete Institute Inter national; 1989 (Reapproved 1997).

5. ACI 305R-00 - Hot Weather Concreting, American Concrete

Institute, 1999. 6. ACI 306R - Cold Weather Concreting; American C oncrete

Institute International; 1988. 7. ASTM A 185 - Standard Specification for Welded Steel Wire

Fabric, Plain, for Concrete Reinforcement; 1997. 8. ASTM A 615/A 615M - Standard Specification for Deformed and

Plain Billet-Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement; 2001. 9. ASTM C 33 - Standard Specification for Concret e Aggregates;

2001. 10. ASTM C 39/C 39M - Standard Test Method for Co mpressive

Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens; 2001. 11. ASTM C 94/C 94M - Standard Specification for Ready-Mixed

Concrete; 2000. 12. ASTM C 150 - Standard Specification for Portl and Cement; 2000. 13. ASTM C 260 - Standard Specification for Air-E ntraining

Admixtures for Concrete; 2000. 14. ASTM C 309 - Standard Specification for Liqui d Membrane-

Forming Compounds for Curing Concrete; 1998a. 15. ASTM C 494/C 494M - Standard Specification fo r Chemical

Admixtures for Concrete; 1999a. 16. ASTM C 618 - Standard Specification for Coal Fly Ash and Raw

or Calcined Natural Pozzolan for Use as Mineral Adm ixture in Concrete; 2000.

17. CRSI MSP-1-01 - Manual of Standard Practice, March 2001. 18. CRSI - Reinforcement Anchorage and Splices 4t h Ed. 1007,

Second Printing 2002. 19. ACI 404.2R-02 - Guide for the Design and Cons truction of

Externally Bended FRP System for Strengthening Conc rete Structure.



20. ACI 336.1-01 - American Concrete Institute 20 02 Specification for the Construction of Drilled Peirs.

21. Additional ASTM and ACI Specification referen ces as shown

throughout this Section of the Specifications. 22. The above referenced standards shall be avail able at the

project site.

B. Installer Qualifications: A qualified installer wh o employs on Project personnel qualified as ACI-certified Flatwo rk Technician and Finisher and a supervisor who is an ACI-certified C oncrete Flatwork Technician.

C. Manufacturer Qualifications: A firm experienced in manufacturing ready-mixed concrete products and that complies wit h ASTM C 94/C 94M requirements for production facilities and equipmen t.

1. Manufacturer certified according to NRMCA's "Cer tification of Ready Mixed Concrete Production Facilities."

D. Concrete Testing Service: Owner will engage a testing laboratory, acceptable to authorities having juri sdiction,

qualified according to ASTM C1077 and ASTM E329 to perform material evaluation tests according to ASTM E548 and to desi gn concrete mixes.

1. Personnel conducting field tests shall be qual ified as ACI

Concrete Field Testing Technician, Grade 1 accordin g to ACI CP-1 or an equivalent certification program.

2. Personnel performing laboratory tests shall be ACI- certified

Concrete Strength Testing Technician and Concrete L aboratory Testing Technician - Grade I. Testing Agency labor atory supervisor shall be an ACI-certified Concrete Labor atory Testing Technician - Grade II.

D. Mock-Ups: Provide samples of all specified fin ishes for

Architect's approval prior to installation of concr ete. 1. Samples shall be 36 inch x 36 inch(900 x 900mm ) with 1 joint,

poured and finished. Apply specified exterior conc rete surface treatments to half of each sample, includin g iron oxide stain. Polish concrete. Multiple mock-ups for iron oxide stain appearance and polished concrete, minimum of three.

2. Provide 8’ by 8’ mock-ups of polished concrete with different aggregates and integral color in concrete. Multiple mock-ups, minimum of three.

3. Retain approved mock-ups during construction a s standard for judging completed concrete work.

E. Samples: 1. Provide samples of exposed aggregate for expos ed aggregate



concrete. Size and color as selected by Architect. a. Aggregate to be granite or limestone river-wo rn pebbles,

1/4 inch (6mm) minimum and maximum 1/2 inch (12mm) diameter size.

2. Provide Samples of special aggregates for colo red concrete. F. Performances: Failure of concrete topping to b ond to substrate (as

evidenced by a hollow sound when tapped), or disint egration of other failure of topping to perform as a floor fini sh, will be considered failure of materials and workmanship. R epair or replace toppings in areas of such failures, as directed.

G. Welding: Qualify procedures and personnel accordin g to AWS D1.4, "Structural Welding Code--Reinforcing Steel."

H. Installation of RFP strengthening system shall b e monitored by the testing agency. Prior to installation of FRP stren gthening adhesive bond tests shall be performed with FRP strengthenin g until satisfactory result is obtained from the bond tests .

1.07 DELIVERY, STORAGE AND HANDLING A. Deliver, store and handle steel reinforcement to prevent bending and damage. B. Avoid damaging coatings on steel reinforcement. Rep air damaged epoxy coatings on steel reinforcement according t o ASTM D3963. PART 2 - PRODUCTS 2.01 FORM MATERIALS

A. Forms for Unexposed Finish Concrete: Form conc rete surfaces which will be unexposed in finished structure with plywoo d, lumber, metal or other acceptable material. Provide lumber dress ed on at least two edges and one side for tight fit.

B. Form Coatings: Provide commercial formulation water base , no

V.O.C. form-coating compounds that will not bond wi th, stain nor adversely affect concrete surfaces, and will not im pair subsequent treatments of concrete surfaces. Vegetable-based re lease agent.

C. Forms for Cylindrical foundations, downspout enclos ures at Atrium: glass-fiber-reinforced plastic, paper, or fiber tub es that will produce surfaces with gradual or abrupt irregularit ies not exceeding specified formwork surface class. Provid e units with sufficient wall thickness to resist plastic concret e loads without detrimental deformation.



2.02 REINFORCING MATERIALS A. Reinforcing Bars: ASTM A 615/A615M, Grade 60, Deformed. 1. Galvanized reinforcing bars: ASTM A767/A7675M, Class I in all

exterior curbs. B. Epoxy-coated reinforcing bars: ASTM A775/A 775 M; Exterior Stair

Nosing Bar. C. Welded Wire Fabric: ASTM A 185, welded steel w ire fabric, in flat

sheets, unfinished. 1. Welded Wire Fabric: ASTM A 185, galvanized welded steel wire

fabric in all exterior sidewalk locations. D. Supports for Reinforcement: Provide supports f or reinforcement

including bolsters, chairs, spacers and other devic es for spacing, supporting and fastening reinforcing bars and welde d wire fabric in place. Use wire bar type supports complying with C RSI's "Manual of Standard Practice", unless otherwise acceptable.

1. For slabs on grade, use supports with sand pla tes or

horizontal runners where base material will not sup port chair legs.

E. Epoxy Repair Coating: Liquid, two-part, epoxy repa ir coating; compatible with epoxy coating on reinforcement and complying with ASTM A 775/A 775M.

F. Zinc Repair Material: ASTM A 780, zinc-based s older, paint containing zinc dust, or sprayed zinc.

G. Carbon fiber plates and/or fabric. Carbedor Pla te by Sika and/or

Sika wrap fabric, applied to substrate using Sikadu r 30 Adhesive All as manufactured by Sika Corp, 201 Polito Avenue , Lyndhurst, NJ 07071

2.03 CONCRETE MATERIALS A. Portland Cement: ASTM C 150, Type I, (Gray)(Wh ite) unless

otherwise noted. Concrete exposed to view shall be from same mill. 1. Type II or Type V Sulfate resistant cement (if sulfate is

encountered) for foundations, footings, retaining w alls, and other concrete below grade. Otherwise, use Type I c ement. (ADD#5)

B. Normal Weight Aggregates: ASTM C 33, Class (3s )(3m)(1n) coarse

aggregate uniformly graded and as herein specified. Provide aggregate from a single source.

1. Maximum Size: 3/4 inch(20mm)



C. Water: Potable and complying with ASTM C94/C 9 4M. D. Air Entraining Admixtures: ASTM C260, certifie d by manufacturer to

be compatible with other required admixtures. E. Water-reducing admixtures: ASTM C494/C 494M, Ty pes A-D.(Select

appropriate type) 1. Type A: water-reducing admixture. 2. Type B. high-range, water-reducing admixture. 3. Type C. water-reducing and accelerating admixt ure. 4. Type D. water-retarding and retarding admixtur e. F. Pozzolan Admixture: Fly ash from coal fired po wer plants, ASTM

C618, Class C or F. 1. Pozzolan Content: 15 percent of weight of cem ent within

concrete mix. 2. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag – ASTM C 989, Grade 100

or 120. G. Admixtures: Admixtures for increasing the pla sticity, workability

of concrete may be used, provided the specified min imum cement content is maintained and approval of use of admixt ure is obtained from Architect, and at no additional cost to Owner.

1. Prohibited Admixtures: Calcium chloride, thio cyanates or

admixtures containing more than 1 percent water sol uble chloride ions, by weight of the admixture, are not permitted.

H. Concrete stain: iron oxide residue supplied by the Owner. Provide

multiple mock-ups to determine appearance.

I. Color Admixture (Integral Color for Concrete). 1. Manufacturers

a. Bayer Corporation, Pittsburgh, PA www.bayerus.com 412-777-2000.

b. ChemMasters, Madison, OH, www.chemmasters.com (800)-486-7866.

c. Conspec Marketing & Manuf.Co., Inc.; a Dayton Su perior Co. Dayton, OH, www.daytonsuperior.com (888)-977-9600.

d. Davis Colors, Los Angeles, CA www.daviscolors.com (800)-356-4848 .

2. Dry color pigments or liquid dispersed color p igments -

Contractor's option. a. Composition/Materials: Blends of synthetic a nd naturally

occurring iron and mineral oxides stable and inert to atmospheric conditions and resistant to UV, alkali and most acids. Comply with ASTM C 979.

b. Colors: Architect shall select colors from f ull range of available colors, including custom colors.



J. Concrete stain to be used in conjunction with gr inding and

polishing system for concrete floors 1. Rockerz Inc. manufacturer’s standard stain to b e used with

Glosscrete polishing system 1-888-935-4950. 2. Kemiko concrete floor stain 903-587-3708 to be used with FGS

Permashine system. K. Polishing system for grinding and polishing conc rete floors:

1. Rockerz Inc. Glosscrete polishing system 1-88 8-935-4950. 2. FGS Permashine; 800-362-3311. 3. Questmark Flooring, 800-743-8890. L. Aggregates for polished concrete floors: locally produced

aggregates, basalt, granite, quartz or limestone, a s selected by Architect, 3/8” to ½” in size, angular shape.

M. Waterproofing Admixture: for concrete deck over Vestibule 132. 1. Manufacturers

a. The Euclid Chemical Company: "EUCO Integral Wat erpeller" Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

b. BASF Admixtures, Inc.: "RHEOMIX 235" water repe llant,

Cleveland OH, www.basf-admixtures.com (800)-628-9990. 2. Waterproofing Admixture added to standard mix design

specified. a. Waterproofing Admixture Content: 8 fl. oz. p er 100 lb.

of cement, unless otherwise recommended by manufact urer. N. Surface Retarder (Exposed Aggregate Concrete) 1. Manufacturers: a. Euclid Chemical; Surface Retarder "S" Cleveland, OH ,

www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

2. Retarder to delay the concrete surface core to permit removal of cement skin to expose the aggregate.

3. Removal of 1/8 inch to 1/4 inch(3-6mm) of conc rete surface. O. Pozzolan Admixture: Fly ash from coal fired pow er plants, ASTM

C618, Class C or F.

1. Pozzolan Content: 15 percent of weight of cement w ithin concrete mix.

2. Ground granulated blast-furnace slag – ASTM C 989, Grade 100 or 120. (ADD#6)

2.04 RELATED MATERIALS



A. Underslab Moisture Barrier: Provide moisture b arrier cover over prepared aggregate base material for all interior c oncrete slabs on grade. Use only materials which are resistant to d ecay when tested in accordance with ASTM E154.

1. Manufacturers: a. Fortifiber Corporation; “Moistop Plus”,

www.fortifiber.com (800)-773-4777. b. Raven Industries Inc.; “Dura Skrim 8” www.rufco.com

(800)-635-3456. c. Reef Industries, Inc. "Griffolyn T-85", Houston, TX,

www.reefindustries.com (800)-231-6074.

d. Stego Industries, LLC; “Stego Wrap, 10 mils”, San J uan Capistrano, CA, www.stegoindustries.com (949)-493-5460.

2. Material shall be a 10 mil 5-ply high density polyethylene and

nylon yarn laminate complying with ASTM E 1745 Clas s B. Material shall have a reinforced non-woven grid wit h a PPT tear strength of at least 23.0 lbs(10.4kg). (Test method ASTM D 2582), sizes as required; minimum 20 foot(6m) wid e rolls.

3. Permeance (Perms): 0.059 4. Tape: Black; double-sided asphaltic pressure sensitive tape

as recommended by moisture barrier manufacturer. M inimum 1.5 inches(38mm) x 100 ft.(30.5m) rolls x 35 mil thickn ess.

C. Non-shrink Grout: Non-metallic Shrinkage-Resis tant Grout under

column and beam bearing plates. 1. Manufacturers:

a. BASF Admixtures, Inc.; “Masterflow 713 Plus”, Cl eveland OH, www.basf-admixtures.com (800)-628-9990.

b. Euclid Chemical Co., “Euco N-S”; Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

c. L&M Construction Chemicals, Inc., “Duragrou t”; Omaha, NE, www.lmcc.com (800)-362-3331.

2. Pre-mixed, non-metallic, non-corrosive, non-st aining product

containing selected silica sands, portland cement, shrinkage compensating agents, plasticizing and water reducin g agents, complying with ASTM C 1107, and CE-CRD-621. Grout s hall have a minimum compressive strength of 5,000 psi after 7 d ays.

D. Moisture-Retaining Cover: Comply with ASTM C 1 71. 1. Concrete curing blanket shall be 10 oz. burl ap combined with a 4 mil white opaque polyethylene film extruded in to the burlap. E. Expansion Joint Fillers: Premoulded bituminous impregnated

fiberboard, 3/8 inch(9mm) thick (unless otherwise n oted on drawings), ASTM D 1751. Refer to Section 07 92 00 - Joint Sealers for traffic sealant.



F. Porous Fill: Refer to Specification Section 3 1 20 00 - Earthwork. G. Waterstops: Bentonite clay compressible strip. 1. Manufacturers: a. Greenstreak "Swellstop", 1-800-325-9504. b. Fosrocuk "Supercast SW", 1-204-489-6300. C. Volclay "Waterstop R" by Cetco Building Mater ials, 1-800-

529-9348. 2. Waterstops shall be capable of being welded at corners and

other junctions in the waterstop.

H. Interior Concrete Floor Surface Treatment 1. Dry-Shake Hardener: Mechanical Room floors on ly. a. Manufacturers:

1) BASF Admixtures, Inc.; Mastercon”, Cleveland OH,

www.basf-admixtures.com (800)-628-9990. 2) Euclid Chemical Co. "Surflex", Cleveland, O H,

www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628. 3) Sonneborn - Contech "Harcol", Mahwah, NJ,

www.sonneborn.com 201-760-2940. b. Colored Wear-Resistant Finish: Packaged, dry ,

combination of materials, consisting of portland ce ment, graded quartz aggregate, coloring pigments, and plasticizing admixture. Use coloring pigments that are finely ground, non-fading mineral oxides, intergrou nd with cement. Color as selected by Architect. From full range of available colors.

2. Sealer: ASTM C 309 Waterborne transparent seal ing and

dustproofing compound; Type 1, Class B 18 to 25% so lids, nondissipating, certified by manufacturer not to in terfere with bonding of floor covering.

a. Manufacturers:

1. Euclid Chemical Company "Diamond Clear VOX",

Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

2. Sonneborn Building Products "Kure-N-Seal", Mahwah, NJ, www.sonneborn.com 201-760-2940.

3. W.R. Meadows; “VO Comp-20”, Hampshire, IL, www.wrmeadows.com (800)-342-5976.

I. Exterior Concrete Penetrating Sealer: ASTM C 13 15, Type 1, Class A. 1. Manufacturers:



a. Euclid Chemical Company "Super Diamond Clear", C leveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

b. Sonneborn “Kure-N-Seal”, Mahwah, NJ, www.sonneborn.com 201-760-2940.

c. W.R. Meadows; “CS-309/30", Hampshire, IL, www.wrmeadows.com (800)-342-5976.

2. Material a. Clear liquid penetrating sealer. b. Sealer shall penetrate into concrete surfaces , providing surface and subsurface protection against attac k of water and water borne salts and alkalis. c. The protective concrete sealer, after finishe d

application, shall not darken, stain or discolor th e treated concrete. Application of the sealer shall not alter the surface or form a film or coating on the treated concrete surface, and shall be compatible with caul king and surface finish materials.

J. Epoxy Joint Filler: For filling interior contro l joint voids, two-

component, semi-rigid, 100 percent solids, epoxy re sin with a Shore A hardness of 80 per ASTM D2240.

1. Manufacturers: a. Euclid Chemical Company "Euco Epoxy" 700, Clevel and, OH,

www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628. b. Sika Chemical Corp. "Sikadur" 51 NS/Sl”, Ly nhurst, NJ,

www.sikaUSA.com (800)-933-SIKA. K. Bonding Compound: Polyvinyl Acetate (interior only); not subjected

to moisture.

1. Euclid Chemical Company "Euco Weld", Cleveland, OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628.

2. Larsen Products Corp. "Weldcrete", Jessep, MD

www.larsenproducts.com (800)-633-6668. L. Epoxy Adhesive: ASTM C 881, two component mate rial suitable for

use on dry or damp surfaces. Provide material "typ e", "Grade", and "Class" to suit project requirements. 1. Euclid Chemical Company "Euco epoxy 452 or 620", Cleveland,

OH, www.euclidchemical.com (800)-321-7628. 2. Sika chemical Corp. "Sikadur Hi-Mod", Lynhurst , NJ,

www.sikaUSA.com (800)-933-SIKA also Sikadur 30 for adhering Corbos fiber reinforcing to strengthening existing concrete structures.

3. W. R. Grace "Thiopoxy", Cambridge, MA, www.graceconstruction.com (866)-333-3726.

2.05 CONCRETE REPAIR MATERIALS FOR FLOORS A. Water: Potable and complying with ASTM C94.



B. Aggregate: ASTM C33. Sand aggregate as approv ed by concrete repair manufacturer.

C. Concrete Repair: ASTM C150, non-shrink, cement base material, mixed

with aggregate where required. 1. Ardex, Inc. "SD-F Feather Finish", Aliquippa, PA,

www.ardex.com (724)-203-5000. 2. Ardex, Inc. "SD-P concrete patch", Aliquippa, PA,

www.ardex.com (724)-203-5000. 3 . Thickness of repair may vary according to field con ditions. D. Self-Leveling Concrete: ASTM C150, self-levelin g underlayment

concrete. 1. Ardex, Inc. "ARDEX K15", Aliquippa, PA, www.ardex.com (724)-

203-5000. 2. Thickness of application may vary according to fiel d

conditions. 2.06 CONCRETE DRESSING MATERIALS FOR WALLS EXPOSED DURING CONSTRUCTION A. Water: Potable and complying with ASTM C94. B. Concrete Dressing (topcoat): ASTM C150, non-shri nk, cement base

material. 1. Ardex, Inc. “ARDEX OVP”,(ADD#2 ) Aliquippa, PA www.ardex.com (724)-203-5000. 2. Thickness of application may vary according to fiel d

conditions, it generally varies from 1/16” to ½” . (ADD#2) 2.06 PRECAST CONCRETE LINTELS AND SILLS A. See size and profile on drawings. B. Comply with Recommended Practices and Procedure s of Prestressed

Concrete Institute (PCI) MNL-116 "For Structural Un its" and MNL-117 for architectural exposed units.

C. Concrete materials similar to cast-in-place con crete as follows: 1. Produce standard-weight concrete consisting of portland cement

aggregates, and water to produce precast concrete w ith compressive strength of 5000 psi at 28 days.

2.07 PROPORTIONING AND DESIGN OF MIXES A. Prepare design mixes for each type and strength of concrete by

either laboratory trial batch or field experience m ethods as specified in ACI 301. If trial batch method used, use an independent testing facility acceptable to Architec t for preparing and reporting proposed mix designs. The testing fa cility shall not be the same as that used for field quality control testing, unless otherwise acceptable to Architect.



B. Submit written reports to Architect and Owner o f each proposed mix for each class of concrete at least 15 days prior t o start of work. Do not begin concrete production until mixes have b een reviewed by Architect.

C. Design mixes to provide normal weight concrete with the following

properties, unless otherwise indicated on drawings. Req'd 28 day Compressive Maximum Water Air Location Strength Cement Ratio Content 1. Footings, 3000(20.7MPa) 0.46 None Underpinning, Drilled (ADD#1) Pier Foundations 2. Piers, walls, beams, columns , (ADD#1) grade beams, pier caps and other concrete below grade 4000(27.6MPa) 0.44 None * 3. Structural slabs 4000(27.6MPa) 0.44 None * 4. Interior slabs on grade. 3000(20.7MPa) 0.58 None * 5. Suspended slabs. 4000(20.7MPa) 0.46 None * (slabs on metal deck) 6. Concrete topping 3500(24.1MPa) 0.51 None * 7. Concrete subject to freezing and thawing (including 4000(27.6MPa) 0.45 4 .5%-7.5% sidewalks, curbs, paving) 8. Columns (ADD#1) 5000(34.5MPa) 0.44 None * * If concrete will be exposed to freezing and thaw ing cycles, furnish 4.5 - 7.5.%

air content in concrete; maximum water cement ratio shall be 0.45. D. Adjustment to Concrete Mixes: Mix design adjus tments may be

required by Contractor when characteristics of mate rials, job conditions, weather, test results, or other circums tances warrant; at no additional cost to Owner and as reviewed by A rchitect. Laboratory test data for revised mix design and str ength results must be submitted to and accepted by Architect befo re using in work.

E. Admixtures



1. Air Entraining Admixture: Use air-entraining admixture in exterior exposed concrete, unless otherwise indicat ed. Add air-entraining admixture at manufacturer's prescrib ed rate to result in concrete at point of placement having air content within the specified limits. Do not use air entrain ment in trowel-finished interior floors and suspended slabs .

2. Use admixtures for water-reducing and set-cont rol in strict compliance with manufacturer's directions.

a. Use water-reducing admixture or high-range w ater-reducing admixture (superplasticizer) in concrete, as requi red for placement and workability.

b. Use water-reducing and retarding admixture wh en required by high temperatures, low humidity, or other adver se placement conditions.

5. Pozzolan admixture required for concrete in fo undations and

footings. F. Slump Limits: Proportion and design mixes to r esult in concrete

slump at point of placement as follows: 1. Sidewalks, stairs, ramps and sloping surfaces: Not more than

3 inches(75mm). 2. Reinforced foundation systems: Not less than 2 inches(50mm)

and not more than 4 inches(100mm). 3. Slab-on-grade and supported slabs, 3 inch(75mm ) slump + 1

inch(25mm). 4. Concrete containing high-range water reducing admixture

(superplasticizer): Not more than 8 inches(200mm) after adding admixture to site-verified 2 to 3 inch(50-75 mm) slump concrete.

2.08 CONCRETE MIXES A. Job-Site Mixing: ASTM C 94/C 94M. Mix material s for concrete in

appropriate drum type batch machine mixer. For mix ers of one cu.yd. or smaller capacity, continue mixing at leas t 1-1/2 minutes, but not more than 5 minutes after ingredients are i n mixer, before any part of batch is released. For mixers of capac ity larger than one cu. yd., increase minimum 1-1/2 minutes of mixi ng time by 15 seconds for each additional cu. yd., or fraction th ereof.

1. Provide batch ticket for each batch discharged and used in

work, indicating project identification name and nu mber, date, mix type, mix time, quantity, and amount of water i ntroduced.

B. Ready-Mix Concrete: Measure, batch, mix and del iver to site

according to ASTM C94/C 94M. 1. Delete references for allowing additional wate r to be added to

batch for material with insufficient slump. Additi on of water to the batch will not be permitted.

2. During hot weather, or under conditions contri buting to rapid setting of concrete, a shorter mixing time than spe cified in



ASTM C 94 may be required. 3. When air temperature is between 85 degrees F a nd 90 degrees F,

(30-32°C)reduce mixing and delivery time to 75 minu tes, when air temperature is above 90 deg F(32degC), reduce m ixing and delivery time to 60 minutes.

4. Concrete mixes for pumping which require modif ications to these specifications shall be submitted to the Arch itect for approval.

PART 3 - EXECUTION 3.01 FORMS A. Design, erect, support, brace and maintain form work according to

ACI 301 to support vertical and integral loads that might be applied until such loads can be supported by concre te structure. Construct formwork so concrete members and structur es are of correct size, shape, alignment, elevation and posit ion. Maintain formwork construction tolerances complying with ACI 117.

B. Design formwork to be readily removable without impact, shock or

damage to cast-in-place concrete surfaces and adjac ent materials.

C. Construct forms to sizes, shapes, lines and dime nsions shown, and to obtain accurate alignment, location, grades, lev el and plumb work in finished structures. Provide for openings, offsets, sinkages, keyways, recesses, chamfers, blocking, an chorages and inserts, and other features required in work. Use selected materials to obtain required finishes. Solidly but t joints and provide back-up at joints to prevent leakage of cem ent paste. Do not use rust-stained steel form-facing material.

D. Fabricate forms for easy removal without hammer ing or prying against concrete surfaces. Provide crush or wreckin g plates where stripping may damage cast concrete surfaces. Provi de top forms for inclined surfaces steeper than 1.5 horizontal to 1 vertical.

E. Provisions for Other Trades: Provide openings in concrete formwork

to accommodate work of other trades. Coordinate wit h work of other sections in forming and placing openings, slots, re glets, recesses, bolts, anchors, inserts and other components of oth er work. Determine size and location of openings, recesses a nd chases from trades providing such items. Accurately place and s ecurely support items built into forms.

F. Chamfer exposed corners and edges, using wood, metal, PVC, or

rubber chamfer strips fabricated to produce uniform , smooth lines and tight edge joints.

G. Construct forms tight enough to prevent loss of concrete mortar.

H. Clean forms and adjacent surfaces to receive concre te. Remove chips, wood, sawdust, dirt, and other debris just b efore placing



concrete. Retighten forms and bracing before placin g concrete, as required, to prevent mortar leaks and maintain prop er alignment.

I. Coat contact surfaces of forms with form-release ag ent, according to manufacturer's written instructions, before plac ing reinforcement.

3.02 EMBEDDED ITEMS

A. Place and secure anchorage devices and other em bedded items required for adjoining work that is attached to or supported by cast-in-place concrete. Use setting drawings, temp lates, diagrams, instructions, and directions furnished with items t o be embedded.

B. Install anchor rods, accurately located, to elev ations required and complying with tolerances in Section 7.5 of AISC's "Code of Standard Practice for Steel Buildings and Bridges."

3.03 UNDER SLAB MOISTURE BARRIER A. Following levelling and tamping of granular bas e for slabs on

grade, place vapor retarder sheeting with longest d imension parallel with direction of pour.

B. Lap joints 6 inches and seal with appropriate t ape. 3.04 PLACING REINFORCEMENT A. Comply with Concrete Reinforcing Steel Institut e's recommended

practice for "Placing Reinforcing Bars," for detail s and methods of reinforcement placement and supports, and as herein specified.

B. Clean reinforcement of loose rust and mill scal e, earth, ice and

other materials which reduce or destroy bond with c oncrete. C. Accurately position, support and secure reinfor cement against

displacement by formwork, construction, or concrete placement operations. Locate and support reinforcing by meta l chairs, runners, bolsters, spacers, and hangers, as require d.

D. Place reinforcement to obtain at least minimum coverages for

concrete protection. Arrange, space and securely t ie bars and bar supports to hold reinforcement in position during c oncrete placement operations. Set wire ties so ends are di rected into concrete, not toward exposed concrete surfaces.

E. Install welded wire fabric in as long lengths a s practicable. Lap adjoining pieces at least one full mesh and lace sp lices with wire. Offset end laps in adjacent widths to prevent conti nuous laps in



either direction. Set wire ties with ends directed into concrete, not toward exposed concrete surfaces.

F. Provide concrete cover on reinforcing bars as f ollows: 1. Cast against earth 3 inches 2. Exposed to earth or weather (#4 or smaller) 1-1/2 inches 3. Exposed to earth or weather (#5 or larger) 2 inches 4. Slabs and walls not exposed or in contact with the ground (#11 or smaller) 3/4 inches 5. Ties and stirrups not exposed or in contact with the ground in beams, columns 1-1/2 inches G. Lap lengths shall conform to the latest require ments of ACI 318,

all lap splices shall be Class B splices, except no laps shall be less than 24 inches.

H. Do not cut or puncture moisture barrier. Repair da mage and reseal moisture barrier before placing concrete.

I. Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement: Repair cut and dama ged epoxy coatings with epoxy repair coating according to ASTM D 3963/ D 3963M. Use epoxy-coated steel wire ties to fasten epoxy-coated steel reinforcement.

J. Zinc-Coated Reinforcement: Repair cut and damag ed zinc coatings with zinc repair material according to ASTM A 780. Use galvanized steel wire ties to fasten zinc-coated steel reinfor cement.

3.05 JOINTS A. Construction Joints: To provide stopping place s during concrete

pours. Locate and install construction joints as i ndicated or, if not indicated, locate so as not to impair strength and appearance of the structure. Locations must have prior approv al of the Architect.

1. Provide keyways at least 1-1/2 inches deep in construction

joints in walls, slabs, and between walls and footi ngs. 2. Place construction joints perpendicular to mai n reinforcement.

Continue reinforcement across construction joints, except for slabs on grade or otherwise indicated.

3. Waterstops: Provide waterstops in constructio n joints for

concrete walls. Install waterstops to form continu ous diaphragm in each joint. Make provisions to suppor t and protect exposed waterstops during progress of work. Fabricate field joints in waterstops in accordance with manuf acturer's printed instructions.

4. Locate joints for beams, slabs, joists, and girders in the

middle third of spans. Offset joints in girders a minimum distance of twice the beam width from a beam-girder intersection.



5. Locate horizontal joints in walls and columns a t underside of

floors, slabs, beams, and girders and at the top of footings or floor slabs.

6. Space vertical joints in walls as indicated. Lo cate joints

beside piers integral with walls, near corners, and in concealed locations where possible.

7. Use a bonding agent at locations where fresh c oncrete is

placed against hardened or partially hardened concr ete surfaces.

B. Isolation Joints (Expansion Joints) in Slabs-on- Ground: To allow

movement between slab and fixed parts of building. Construct isolation joints in slabs-on-ground with filler joi nt strips at points of contact between slabs-on-ground and verti cal surfaces, such as column pedestals, foundation walls, grade b eams, and elsewhere as indicated. Extend joint-filler strips full width and depth of joint, terminating 1/2 inch (13 mm) below finished concrete surface where joint sealants, specified in Division 07 Section "Joint Sealants," are indicated.

1. Sidewalks: Allows movement between large areas of sidewalks. Place 1/2 inch (12mm) wide expansion joints at 30 f oot intervals unless indicated otherwise. Separate side walks from vertical elements.

C. Contraction (Control) Joints in Slabs-on-Ground : To induce cracking

at preselected locations. Construct contraction jo ints in slabs-on-ground to form panels of patterns as indic ated, or if not indicated, submit pattern to Architect for approval prior to construction of slab. Use saw cuts, tooled joints or inserts 1/4 inch wide x 1/4 of slab depth, unless otherwise ind icated.

1. Inserts: Form contraction joints by inserting premolded

plastic, hardboard or fiberboard strip into fresh c oncrete until top surface of strip is flush with slab surfa ce. Tool slab edges round on each side of insert. After con crete has cured, remove inserts and clean groove of loose deb ris.

2. Tooled Joints: Form contraction joints after initi al floating by grooving and finishing each edge of joint to a r adius of 1/8 inch (3.2 mm). Repeat grooving of contraction joints after applying surface finishes. Eliminate groover tool marks on concrete surfaces.

3. Sawed Cuts: Contraction joints in slabs on gra de may be formed

by saw cuts as soon as possible after slab finishin g as may be safely done without dislodging aggregate.

a. Cut joints in concrete using saw similar to " Soff-Cut

International" saw with shatterproof abrasive or di amond rimmed blades.



1) Saw cut joints in concrete, at each control joint

location, as soon as the slab will support the weight of the saw and operator without disturbing the final finish. (Normally within 2 hours after final finishing at each control joint location).

2) A depth of cut of 3/4 inch to 1 inch is reco mmended

for aggregate sizes of 1-1/8 inch or smaller. (Use 5 inch 13 cm blade).

3) A depth of cut of 1 inch to 1-3/16 is recomm ended

for aggregate sizes of 1-1/4 inches or larger. (Us e 5-1/2 inch blade.

4) The depth of cut is determined by the aggreg ate

size, not the thickness of slab. 5) Do not tear, abrade or otherwise damage surf ace. 4. If joint pattern is not shown, provide joints not exceeding 15

(4.6m) in either direction and located to conform t o bay spacing wherever possible (at column centerline, ha lf bays, third-bays). Panel aspect ratio shall not exceed 2 to 1 (slab length to slab width). Submit pattern of joints to Architect for approval prior to construction of slab.

5. Sidewalks: Provide scored joints at 5 foot (1.5m ) intervals

unless otherwise indicated.

6. Doweled Joints: Install dowel bars and support ass emblies at joints where indicated. Lubricate or asphalt coat one-half of dowel length to prevent concrete bonding to one sid e of joint.

3.06 INSTALLATION OF EMBEDDED ITEMS A. General: Set and build into work anchorage dev ices and other

embedded items required for other work that is atta ched to, or supported by, cast-in-place concrete. Use setting drawings, diagrams, instructions and directions provided by s uppliers of items to be attached thereto.

B. Dovetail anchor slots: Install dovetail anchor slots vertically,

recessed in concrete walls to receive face brick ve neer. Install dovetail anchor slots 16 inches on center horizonta lly, extending height of brick facing from brick ledge to top of c oncrete wall.

C. Conduits and pipes embedded in concrete slabs s hall not have an

outside dimension larger than 1/3 the slab thicknes s and shall be spaced no closer than 3 diameters on center. Alumin um conduits shall not be embedded in concrete without galvanic isolation.

D. Self-Expanding Strip Waterstops: Install in co nstruction joints and at other locations indicated, according to manu facturer's



written instructions, adhesive bonding, mechanicall y fastening, and firmly pressing into place. Install in longest len gths practicable.

3.07 PREPARATION OF FORM SURFACES A. Coat contact surfaces of forms with a form-coat ing compound before

reinforcement is placed. B. Coat steel forms with a nonstaining, rust-preve ntative form oil or

otherwise protect against rusting. Rust-stained st eel formwork is not acceptable.

3.08 CONCRETE PLACEMENT A. Preplacement Inspection: Before placing concre te, inspect and

complete formwork installation, reinforcing steel, and items to be embedded or cast-in. Notify other crafts to permit installation of their work; cooperate with other trades in setting such work. Complete all required inspections prior to pour.

B. Coordinate the installation of joint materials and moisture

barriers with placement of forms and reinforcing st eel. C. General: Comply with ACI 304 and as herein spe cified. 1. Deposit concrete continuously or in layers of such thickness

that no concrete will be placed on concrete which h as hardened sufficiently to cause the formation of seams or pla nes of weakness. Deposit concrete as nearly as practicable to its final location to avoid segregation.

D. Placing Concrete in Forms: Deposit concrete in forms in horizontal

layers and in a manner to avoid inclined constructi on joints. Where placement consists of several layers, place e ach layer while preceding layer is still plastic to avoid cold join ts.

1. Concrete shall not be dropped into forms from a height greater

than 5 feet. E. Consolidate placed concrete by mechanical vibra ting equipment

supplemented by hand-spading, rodding or tamping. Use equipment and procedures for consolidation of concrete in acc ordance with ACI 309.

F. Do not use vibrators to transport concrete. Ins ert and withdraw

vibrators vertically at uniformly spaced locations not farther than visible effectiveness of machine, penetrating at le ast 6 inches inro the proceeding layer. At each insertion, limit duration of vibration to time necessary to consolidate concrete and complete embedment of reinforcement and other embedded items without causing mixture constituents to segregate.

G. Placing Concrete Slabs: Deposit and consolidat e concrete slabs in

a continuous operation, within limits of constructi on joints.



H. Consolidate concrete during placing operations so that concrete is

thoroughly worked around reinforcement and other em bedded items and into corners.

I. Bring slab surfaces to correct level with strai ghtedge and

strikeoff. Use bull floats or darbies to smooth su rface, free of humps or hollows. Do not disturb slab surfaces pri or to beginning finishing operations.

J. Maintain reinforcing in proper position on chai rs during concrete

placement operations.

K. Begin initial floating using bull floats or darbies to form a uniform and open-textured surface plane, before exc ess bleedwater appears on the surface. Do not further disturb sla b surfaces before starting finishing operations.

L. Cold Weather Placing: Protect concrete work f rom physical damage

or reduced strength which could be caused by frost, freezing actions, or low temperatures, in compliance with AC I 306.1.

1. When air temperature has fallen to or is expec ted to fall below 40 deg. F(4.4deg.C), uniformly heat water and aggregates before mixing to obtain a concrete mixture tempe rature of not less than 50 deg.F(10 deg.C) and not more than 8 0 deg.F (27 deg.C) at point of placement as per ACI 301. 2. Do not use frozen materials or materials conta ining ice or

snow. Do not place concrete on frozen subgrade or on subgrade containing frozen materials.

3. Do not use calcium chloride, salt or other mat erials

containing anti-freeze agents or chemical accelera tors, unless otherwise specified and approved in design mixes.

M. Hot Weather Placing: When hot weather conditio ns exist that would

seriously impair quality and strength of concrete, place concrete in compliance with ACI 301 and ACI 305.

1. Cool ingredients before mixing to maintain con crete

temperature below 90 deg.F(32 deg.C) at time of pl acement. Chilled mixing water or chopped ice may be used to control temperature, provided water equivalent of ice is c alculated to total amount of mixing water. Using liquid nitroge n to cool concrete is Contractor's option.

2. Cover steel reinforcement with water-soaked bu rlap so steel

temperature will not exceed ambient air temperatur e immediately before embedded in concrete.

3. Fog-spray forms, steel reinforcement, and subg rade just

before placing concrete. Keep subgrade moisture un iform without standing water, soft spots, or dry areas.



M. Joining New Concrete to Old Concrete Surfaces: When new concrete

is to be joined to old concrete, the old concrete s hall be roughened sufficiently to expose the coarse aggrega te and shall be thoroughly cleaned of any loose disintegrated concr ete. Before placing new concrete, old concrete shall be thoroug hly saturated with water, and immediately previous to placing new concrete, shall be coated with neat cement grout. Epoxy bonding co mpounds may be used provided they are applied in accordance with t he manufacturer's recommendations.

3.09 MONOLITHIC SLAB FINISHES

A. General: Exposed surfaces shall be true and ev en, free from open areas rough areas, depressions and projections. Gen eral: Comply with ACI 302.1R recommendations for screeding, rest raightening, and finishing operations for concrete surfaces. Do not wet concrete surfaces.

B. Rough Slab Finish (Scratch Finish): Floor slab s to receive

concrete fill or setting beds shall be screeded onl y. 1. Floor Surface Tolerances: ACI 302.1; Bullfloa ted with

flatness F(F) of 15 and level F(L) of 13. 2. Slope Surfaces Uniformly where shown on drawin gs and to drains

where required. C. Float Finish: Apply float finish to monolithic slab surfaces to

receive trowel finish and other finishes as hereina fter specified, and slab surfaces which are to be covered with memb rane or elastic waterproofing, membrane or elastic roofing, sandbed terrazzo, sidewalks, and as otherwise indicated.

1. After screeding, consolidating, and leveling c oncrete slabs,

do not work surface until ready for floating. Begi n floating when surface water has disappeared or when concrete has stiffened sufficiently to permit operation of power -driven floats, or both. Consolidate surface with power-dr iven floats, or by hand-floating if area is small or ina ccessible to power units. Immediately after leveling, refloa t surface to a uniform, smooth, granular texture.

2. Floor Surface Tolerance: ACI 302.1; straight- edged; with

flatness of F(F) of 18 and Level F(L) of 15. 3. Slope Surfaces uniformly where shown on drawin gs and to drains

where required. D. Trowel Finish: Apply trowel finish to monolith ic slab surfaces to

be exposed-to-view, and slab surfaces to be covered with carpet resilient flooring, ceramic tile (thin-set), paint or other thin film finish coating system.



1. After floating, begin first trowel finish oper ation using a

power-driven trowel. Begin final troweling when su rface produces a ringing sound as trowel is moved over su rface. Consolidate concrete surface by final hand-trowelin g operation, free of trowel marks, uniform in texture and appearance.

2. Floor Surface Tolerance: ACI 302.1; Flat, wit h Flatness F(F)

of 25 and Level F(L) of 20. 3. Floor Surface Tolerance of floors to receive t hinset ceramic

tile or quarry tile: ACI 302.1; flat with flatness F(F) or 30 and level F(L) of 25.

4. Slope surfaces uniformly where shown on drawin gs and to drains

where required. 5. Grind smooth any surface defects that would te legraph through

applied floor covering system. 6. Trowel and fine broom finish: Where ceramic or quarry tile is

to be installed with thin-set mortar, apply trowel finish as specified, then immediately follow with slightly sc arifying surface by fine brooming.

E. Non-Slip Broom Finish: Apply non-slip broom fi nish to exterior

concrete ramps, and sidewalks. 1. Immediately after trowel finishing, slightly r oughen concrete

surface by brooming with fiber bristle broom perpen dicular to main traffic route. Coordinate required final fini sh with Owner before application. Do not apply broom finish to tooled perimeter edges of concrete. Provide 1-1/2 inch(38m m)tooled edge (boarder)smooth finish.

F. Exposed Aggregate Surface: Pour concrete and sc reed, float or

trowel level. Sprinkle additional aggregate on the surface and work in with trowel, making sure the aggregates are surrounded by cement paste. As soon as surface water has disappe ared, spray retarder over entire area to be treated, using an o rdinary low-pressure garden sprayer. Cover with moisture-r etaining cover.

1. After concrete has set overnight, remove moist ure-retaining

cover. Check small area to determine if concrete h as cured sufficiently. (If depth is excessive, allow to rem ain a few hours before checking again). Hose surface of conc rete and remove unset cement matrix with coarse brush or bro om.

3.10 CONCRETE CURING AND PROTECTION A. General: Protect all freshly placed concrete f rom premature drying

and excessive cold(ACI 306.1) or excessive hot temp eratures(ACI 301).



1. Start initial curing as soon as free water has disappeared

from concrete surface after placing and finishing. Weather permitting, keep continuously moist for not less th an 7 days.

2. Begin final curing procedures immediately foll owing initial

curing and before concrete has dried. Continue fin al curing for at least 7 days in accordance with ACI 301 proc edures. Avoid rapid drying at end of final curing period.

B. Evaporation Retarder: Apply evaporation retard er to unformed concrete surfaces if hot, dry, or windy conditions cause moisture loss approaching 0.2 lb/sq. ft. x h (1 kg/sq. m x h ) before and during finishing operations. Apply according to ma nufacturer's written instructions after placing, screeding, and bull floating or darbying concrete, but before float finishing.

C. Formed Surfaces: Cure formed concrete surfaces , including supported slabs, and other similar surfaces. If fo rms remain during curing period, moist cure after loosening fo rms. If removing forms before end of curing period, continu e curing for the remainder of the curing period.

D. Unformed Surfaces: Begin curing immediately af ter finishing concrete. Cure unformed surfaces, including floors and slabs, concrete floor toppings, and other surfaces.

E. Curing Methods: Chemical curing compound not pe rmitted. Conform to

ACI Committee 308.1 “Standard Practice for Curing C oncrete”. 1. Moisture-Cover Curing: ASTM C 171, using poly ethylene-coated

burlap blankets. a. Cover concrete surfaces with moisture-retaini ng cover for

curing concrete, placed in widest practicable width with sides and ends lapped at least 3 inches(75mm) and s ealed by waterproof tape or adhesive. Immediately repair any holes or tears during curing period, using cover ma terial and waterproof tape.

2. Moisture Curing: Keep surfaces continuously moi st for not less than seven days with the following materials:

a. Water. b. Continuous water-fog spray. c. Absorptive cover, water saturated, and kept con tinuously

wet. Cover concrete surfaces and edges with 12-inc h (300-mm) lap over adjacent absorptive covers.

F. Curing methods shall be reviewed with Architect prior to starting

concrete work.



G. Curing and Sealing Compound: Apply uniformly to fl oors and slabs indicated in a continuous operation by power spray or roller according to manufacturer's written instructions. Recoat areas subjected to heavy rainfall within three hours afte r initial application. Repeat process 24 hours later and app ly a second coat. Maintain continuity of coating and repair da mage during curing period.

3.11 REMOVAL OF FORMS A. Formwork Not Supporting Weight of Concrete: Fo rmwork not

supporting weight of concrete, such as sides of wal ls, columns, and similar parts of the work, may be removed after cum ulatively curing at not less than 50 deg F(10 deg C) for 24 hours af ter placing concrete, provided concrete is sufficiently hard to not be damaged by form removal operations and provided protection operations are maintained during removal.

B. Formwork Supporting Weight of Concrete: Formwo rk supporting weight

of concrete, such as floor slabs and other structur al elements, may be removed when the concrete reaches the specified 28 day strength, or when the concrete reaches 75% of the specified 2 8 day strength and is no less than 7 days old.

1. Between the dates of October 1 and April 1, or when the

average daily temperature has been below 50 o F (10 deg.C). for the duration of the curing period, forms may not be removed until the actual in-place strength of the concrete is demonstrated by two field-cured test cylinders or b y Windsor Penetrometer, regardless of the results of tests on laboratory cured cylinders.

3.12 MISCELLANEOUS CONCRETE ITEMS A. Filling-In: Fill in holes and openings left i n concrete structure

for passage of work by other trades, unless otherwi se shown or directed, after work of other trades is in place. Mix, place and cure concrete as herein specified to blend with in- place construction. Provide other miscellaneous concrete filling shown or required to complete work.

B. Equipment Bases and Foundations: Provide machine a nd equipment bases and foundations as shown on Drawings. Set an chor bolts for machines and equipment at correct elevations, compl ying with diagrams or templates from manufacturer furnishing machines and equipment.

C. Steel Pan Stairs: Provide concrete fill for st eel pan stair treads, landings, and associated items. Cast-in in serts and



accessories as shown on Drawings. Screed, tamp, an d trowel-finish concrete surfaces.

3.13 CONCRETE SURFACE REPAIRS FOR NEW CONCRETE A. All voids, damaged places, fins, projections, h oneycomb areas, and

tie-rod holes shall be removed down to sound concre te and shall be repaired immediately after form removal.

B. Repairing Formed Surfaces: Surface defects include color and texture irregularities, cracks, spalls, air bubbles , honeycombs, rock pockets, fins and other projections on the sur face, and stains and other discolorations that cannot be removed by cleaning.

C. Immediately after form removal, cut out honeycombs, rock pockets, and voids more than 1/2 inch (13 mm) in any dimension in solid concrete, but not less than 1 inch (25 mm) in depth. Make edges of cuts perpendicular to concrete surface. Clean, dam pen with water, and brush-coat holes and voids with bonding agent. Fill and compact with patching mortar before bonding agent h as dried. Fill form-tie voids with patching mortar or cone plugs s ecured in place with bonding agent.

D. Repair defects on surfaces exposed to view by bl ending white

portland cement and standard portland cement so tha t, when dry, patching mortar will match surrounding color. Patc h a test area at inconspicuous locations to verify mixture and color match before proceeding with patching. Compact mortar in place and strike off slightly higher than surrounding surface. Repair de fects on concealed formed surfaces that affect concrete's du rability and structural performance as determined by Architect.

E. Repairing Unformed Surfaces: Test unformed sur faces, such as floors and slabs, for finish and verify surface tol erances specified for each surface. Correct low and high a reas. Test surfaces sloped to drain for trueness of slope and smoothness; use a sloped template.

F. Repair finished surfaces containing defects. Su rface defects include spalls, popouts, honeycombs, rock pockets, crazing and cracks in excess of 0.01 inch (0.25 mm) wide or that penetrate to reinforcement or completely through unreinforced se ctions regardless of width, and other objectionable condit ions.

G. After concrete has cured at least 14 days, corre ct high areas by

grinding. H. Correct localized low areas during or immediatel y after completing

surface finishing operations by cutting out low are as and replacing with patching mortar. Finish repaired areas to ble nd into adjacent concrete.

I. The specified bonding agent shall be used for a ll patching and the

specified epoxy adhesive and/or epoxy mortar shall be used for all



structural repairs. J. All patching and repairs shall have prior appro val of the Architect

as to method and procedure. Any concrete which has not been formed as shown on the contract drawings, is out of alignm ent or level or indicates a defective surface or unsoundness of any nature shall be removed and replaced to the limits required by the Architect unless he grants permission to patch or otherwise correct the defective work. Permission to patch or attempt the correctio n shall not be construed to be a waiver of the Architect's right t o require complete removal of the defective work should the p atching or correction prove to be, in the opinion of the Archi tect, unsatisfactory either as to structure or appearance .

K. Cure patch in same manner as specified for new concrete. L. Contractor shall protect new concrete to preven t graffiti from

being applied to the fresh concrete. 1. Contractor shall be responsible for removing a ny new concrete

that would be exposed to view with graffiti. Patch ing of graffiti areas will not be accepted.

M. Correct other low areas scheduled to receive flo or coverings with a

repair underlayment. Prepare, mix, and apply repai r underlayment and primer according to manufacturer's written inst ructions to produce a smooth, uniform, plane, and level surface . Feather edges to match adjacent floor elevations.

N. Correct other low areas scheduled to remain expo sed with a repair topping. Cut out low areas to ensure a minimum rep air topping depth of 1/4 inch (6 mm) to match adjacent floor el evations. Prepare, mix, and apply repair topping and primer a ccording to manufacturer's written instructions to produce a sm ooth, uniform, plane, and level surface.

O. Repair defective areas, except random cracks and single holes 1

inch (25 mm) or less in diameter, by cutting out an d replacing with fresh concrete.

P. Remove defective areas with clean, square cuts a nd expose steel

reinforcement with at least a 3/4-inch (19-mm) clea rance all around. Dampen concrete surfaces in contact with p atching concrete and apply bonding agent. Mix patching concrete of same materials and mixture as original concrete except without coa rse aggregate. Place, compact, and finish to blend with adjacent f inished concrete. Cure in same manner as adjacent concrete .

Q. Repair random cracks and single holes 1 inch (25 mm) or less in

diameter with patching mortar. Groove top of crack s and cut out holes to sound concrete and clean off dust, dirt, a nd loose particles. Dampen cleaned concrete surfaces and ap ply bonding agent. Place patching mortar before bonding agent has dried.



Compact patching mortar and finish to match adjacen t concrete. Keep patched area continuously moist for at least 7 2 hours.

3.14 CONCRETE SURFACE TREATMENT A. Interior Concrete Surface Treatment 1. Chemical Hardener: Shake-on hardener in accor dance with

manufacturer's instructions.

a. Apply dry shake materials for colored wear resistan t finish immediately following first floating operati on. Color shall be uniformly distributed.

b. Uniformly apply dry-shake floor hardener at a rate of 100 lb/100 sq. ft. unless greater amount is recommended by manufacturer.

c. Uniformly distribute approximately two-thirds of dr y-shake floor hardener over surface by hand or with mechanical spreader, and embed by power floating.

d. Follow power floating with a second dry-shake fl oor hardener application, uniformly distributing remain der of material, and embed by power floating.

e. After final floating, apply a trowel finish. Cu re concrete with curing compound recommended by dry-sh ake floor hardener manufacturer and apply immediately a fter final finishing.

2. Floor Sealer: New interior exposed concrete s urfaces. a. Apply floor sealer finish to interior concret e floors,

where indicated, after complete curing and drying o f the concrete surface.

B. Exterior Surface Treatment: Sealer. 1. New exterior exposed concrete surfaces. 2 Two coat application in accordance with manufac turers printed

instructions. 150-200 sq.ft.(14-19 sq.m.) per gall on(3.8L). 3. Apply evenly and uniformly using a low airless spray with a

maximum 40 P.S.I. delivery rate. 4. Apply in strict accordance with manufacturer's printed

instructions, after complete curing and drying of t he concrete surfaces. (Minimum 28 days curing).

3.15 CONCRETE REPAIR FOR EXISTING CONCRETE FLOOR A. General: Applicator shall use mixing equipment and tools approved

by the manufacturer and shall have a copy of manufa cturer's installation instructions available at all times wh ile work is in progress.

1. Deliver materials in their original unopened p ackages and

protect from exposure to freezing, direct sun, and moisture.



2. Before and during the installation of floor ma terials, the building interior must be enclosed and maintained a t a temperature between 50 degrees and 80 degrees F.(10 -26.6 deg C) Do not install when surface temperatures are be low 40 degrees F(4.4 deg C).

3. Observe the basic rules of concrete work. Pro tect from drying

too fast by strong sun or wind. B. Use of Aggregate: Mix product with water first , then add 1/2 part

of volume of clean, dry aggregate. Use 1/8 inch(3m m) fine gravel for application layers up to 1/2 inch(12mm) thickne ss, or 3/8 inch(9mm) gravel for layers up to 1 inch(25mm) depe nding on the product. Do not use sand.

C. Subfloor Inspection: The subfloor should be st ructurally sound,

vacuum cleaned, and free of mud, oil, grease, curin g compounds and other contaminants.

D. Preparation: Concrete floors must be of adequa te strength, clean

of contaminants, curing compounds, and all foreign matter before priming with Ardex P-51.

E. Installation: Install and cure materials in st rict accordance with

manufacturer's printed instructions. 3.16 CONCRETE DRESSING FOR EXISTING CONCRETE AND MASONRY WALLS EXPOSED

DURING CONSTRUCTION A. General: Applicator shall use mixing equipment and tools approved

by the manufacturer and shall have a copy of manufa cturer's installation instructions available at all times wh ile work is in progress.

1. Deliver materials in their original unopened p ackages and

protect from exposure to freezing, direct sun, and moisture. 2. Before and during the installation of concrete dressing to the

walls, the building interior must be enclosed and m aintained at a temperature between 50 degrees and 80 degrees F.(10-26.6 deg C) Do not install when surface temperatures ar e below 40 degrees F(4.4 deg C).

B. Existing Wall Inspection: The existing wall sh ould be structurally

sound, vacuum cleaned, and free of mud, oil, grease , curing compounds and other contaminants.

1. Existing walls to be cleaned of all waterproofin g/parging

prior to priming walls. (ADD#2) C. Preparation: Concrete walls must be of adequat e strength, clean of

contaminants, curing compounds, and all foreign mat ter before priming with Ardex P-51.



D. Installation: Install and cure materials in st rict accordance with manufacturer's printed instructions.

E. Trowel apply dressing to prepared walls, in as t hin layer as

possible while still getting full coverage. Dress t o a smooth even surface.

F. Upon completion of walls and adequate curing tim e, seal walls with

sealant specified in Article 2.04, Paragraph I. (AD D#2) 3.16 GRINDING AND POLISHING OF CONCRETE FLOORS

A. All work shall be in strict accordance with manu facturer’s specifications. Sealer/Hardener shall not exceed th e spread per gallon recommended by the manufacturer. 1. Allow new concrete to cure a minimum of 28 days prior to

application.

B. Apply in strict accordance with manufacturer’s w ritten specifications for application utilizing recommende d equipment. Follow manufacturer’s recommended procedures for gr inding and polishing floor.

C. Use heavy duty polishing machines equipped with progressively finer

grits of diamond-impregnated disks used to graduall y grind down surfaces to the desired degree of shine and smoothn ess. Minimum grit of 1800 to be used for final sheen. Apply impr egnating sealer during this process as per manufacturer’s recommend ations.

D. Expose decorative aggregate and grind smooth. 3.17 QUALITY CONTROL TESTING DURING CONSTRUCTION A. No laboratory testing required by Contractor. 1. The Owner will employ a testing laboratory to perform tests

and to submit test reports during concrete placemen t. General Contractor will cast the test cylinders at no addit ional charge to Owner.

B. Sampling and testing for quality control during placement of

concrete may include the following, as directed by Architect. C. Sampling Fresh Concrete: ASTM C 172, and molde d and handled in

accordance with ASTM C-39. 1. Slump: ASTM C 143/C 143M; one test at point o f discharge for

each day's pour of each type of concrete; additiona l tests when concrete consistency seems to have changed.

2. Air Content: ASTM C 173/C 173M, volumetric me thod for

lightweight or normal weight concrete; ASTM C 231 p ressure method for normal weight concrete; one for each day 's pour of each type of air-entrained concrete.



3. Concrete Temperature: ASTM C 1064/C 1064M, tes t hourly when

air temperature is 40 o F.(4.4 deg.C) and below, and when 80 o F.(26.6 deg.C) and above; and each time a set of co mpression test specimens are made.

4. Compression Test Specimen: ASTM C 31/C 31M; o ne set of 4

standard cylinders for each compressive strength te st, unless otherwise directed. Mold and store cylinders for laboratory-cured test and field-cure test.

5. Compressive Strength Tests: ASTM C 39/C 39M; one set for each

50 cu. yds.(38 cu.m) or fraction thereof, of each c oncrete class placed in any one day or for each 5000 sq. ft .(465sq.m) of surface area placed. Cylinders shall be used as follows:

a. Seven (7) day test - Field control - one test cylinder Laboratory control - one test cylinder b. 28 day test - Field control - one test cylinder Laboratory control - two test cylinders, plus o ne spare. D. Test results will be reported in writing to Arc hitect and

Contractor within 48 hours that tests are made. Re ports of compressive strength tests shall contain the projec t identification name and number, date of concrete placement, name o f concrete testing service, concrete type and class, location of concrete batch in structure, design compressive strength at 28 days, concrete mix proportions and materials; compressive breaking strength and type of break for both 7-day tests and 28-day tests.

E. When strength of field-cured cylinders is less than 85 percent of companion laboratory-cured cylinders, Contractor sh all evaluate operations and provide corrective procedures for pr otecting and curing in-place concrete.

F. Strength of each concrete mixture will be satisf actory if every

average of any three consecutive compressive-streng th tests equals or exceeds specified compressive strength and no co mpressive-strength test value falls below specified compressi ve strength by more than 500 psi (3.4 MPa).

G. Nondestructive Testing: Impact hammer, sonoscope, or other

nondestructive device may be permitted by Architect but will not be used as sole basis for approval or rejection of con crete.

H. Additional Tests: The testing service will make additional tests

of in-place concrete when test results indicate spe cified concrete strengths and other characteristics have not been a ttained in the structure, as directed by Architect. Testing servi ce may conduct tests to determine adequacy of concrete by cored cy linders complying with ASTM C 42/C 42M, or by other methods as directed. Contractor shall pay for such tests conducted, and any other



additional testing as may be required, when unaccep table concrete is verified. Correct deficiencies in the Work that test reports and inspections indicate dos not comply with the Co ntract Documents.

F. Floor Surface Tolerances (Flatness and Level) s hall be verified by

testing laboratory. 1. Floor Flatness and Levelness shall be determin ed using the F-

Number System as detailed in ASTM E-1155 and descri bed in ACI 302.1R.

END OF SECTION