st january, 2015

31st January, 2015

2

Fanling, Hong Kongsince 1991

Shatian, Dongguan, PRCsince 1996

Established since 1969

Dongguan Keystone Medium VoltageProduction facility Produced up to 35KV

Combined Sites area over 450,000 sq ft

Over 250 employees

Keystone Company Profile

Equity & Technical Partner (Since 1991) :

3

Affiliated & Associated Cable Companiesin ASIA Region

•Dongguan Keystone Electric Wire & Cable Co. Ltd., Dongguan, PRC.(100% owned Sudsidary)

•Keystone Cable (S) Private Company, Singapore.

•Phelps Dodge Yantai Cable Company Limited, Yantai, Shandong, PRC.

4

Power Cable•Medium Voltage Power Cable•MV/LV EPR Insulated Cable•BS 6500 Flexible Cable•BS 6004 Building Services Cable•BS 6231 Heat Resisting Cable•BS 7889 XLPE/PVC Cable•BS 7211 LSOH Cable•BS 6724 LSOH Armoured Cable•BS 5467 XLPE Armoured Cable•BS 6346 PVC Armoured Cable•BS 7846 FR Armoured Cable•BS 7211FR LSOH Cable•Branchmatic CableTelecom Cable•Cat. 5 & Cat. 3 LAN Cable•PCM High Performance Cable•PVC Telephone Cable•Pilot Cable

Our Products

5

• Quality Conscious

– Cable is a media to carry electricity

– Quality means life and death for the clients.

• 1st Cable Producer awarded

– Hong Kong Quality Mark (HKQ Mark, 1981)

– ISO 9002 from British Approvals Service for Cables (BASEC)* 1993

– Product Licence from BASEC in Hong Kong and China Region(1994)

– Our Flexible Cable Products obtained BASEC Safety ProductLicence Seven Months before Electrical Product (Safety) Ordinancecome into effect

• 榮獲中國國家強制性產品認証証書及中國全國工業產品生產許可証

• Product Certification by Loss Prevention Certification Board(BRECertification in UK and approved by HK Fire Department)

• 11KV 3 core and Single core cable Type testing has been successfullycompleted in Dec 2005 by KEMA High Voltage Lab., Netherland

• Other qualification Mark, such as UL, CSA*BASEC is the only QUEEN appointed Certification Body for Electric Cable Product

Licence in UK. Product Licence is an on-going surveillance program BASEC in UK.

Quality Attitude

6

Major Clients in Hong Kong

• CLP Power Hong Kong Limited†

• Hong Kong Telephone Co. Ltd. (Now PCCW – HKT) †

• Highway Department, HKSAR

• Hong Kong Housing Authority (Via Contractors)

• MTR Corporation (Direct & Via Contractors)

• Sun Hung Kai Properties (Via Everlight Engineering) †

† Over 30 years supply history

(in Alphabetical order)

7

Recent & Coming ProjectsYear Description of Project Client /Consultant2011-2013On-Going

Hong Kong Housing AuthorityHousing DevelopmentKai Tak 1A

Hong Kong Housing AuthorityWestwood Limited

2011-2013On-Going

Hong Kong GovernmentCruise Terminal BuildingKai Tak

ASD, HKSARBYME Engineering (HK) Limited

2010-2011 MTR Corporation – Relocation old island LineAdmiralty Distribution Substation Contract No.:958 –Power Supply System. Supply of MediumVoltage 33kV Cable, 11kV Cable, DC TractionCable, LV Power Cable, LV Control Cable andLV Pilot Cable

MTR CorporationABB Hong Kong Ltd.

2012 -2013On-Going

MTR Corporation – West Island Line + KTEContract No.: 755 –Power Supply System.Supply of Medium Voltage 33kV Cable, DCTraction Cable, LV Power Cable, LV ControlCable and LV Pilot Cable

MTR CorporationGTECH-PAUL. Y Joint Venture

2013-2014On-Going

MTR Corporation – Contract 771Building Services for Sai Ying Pun Station andHong Kong University Station

MTR CorporationGammon Construction LimitedGammon E&M Co. Ltd.

2014 MTR Corporation – South Island Line (East)Contract No.: 957 – Power Supply System.Supply of Medium Voltage 33kV Cable, DCTraction Cable, LV Power Cable, LV ControlCable and LV Pilot Cable

MTR CorporationGTECH-KUM SHING-SIYUAN JointVenture

2014-2015 MTR Corporation – Contract 846Express Rail Line (XRL) – TracksideAuxiliaries

MTR CorporationShinryo (Hong Kong) Limited

2013 11KV Cable –300 sqmm Aluminium Cable – 70 Km300 sqmm Copper Cable – 80 Km

CEM, Macau

2013-2014On Going

CLP Power Direct ContractOA 460000356211KV Cable300 sqmm Copper Cable ~ 54 KmLSNH Power Cable ~ 54 Km

CLP Power / MTRC

Through MTRC XRL tunnel for PowerSupply

2014-2015 FS Training School Project SSA503 ASD, HKSARChina State M&E Engineering Ltd

2014-2016 Hong Kong Housing AuthorityHousing DevelopmentAnderson Road Site A & B

Hong Kong Housing AuthorityREC- Engineering Co. Ltd.

Tamar Gov’tHouse

Cruise Terminal

8

JOB REFERENCE IN UTILIES SECTOR

Year Description of Project Client /Consultant

2013 – 20163 yrs+3yr option

OA 4600005014Supply of LV Solid-core Cables and 11kVAluminium Cables

CLP Power Hong Kong Limited

2008 - 20123 yrs+2yr option

OA 4600003562Bulk Supply of LV, 11KV and Pilot CableContract Sum over HK$100 million perannum

Since Year 2005, supplied over 400Km of11KV 3 x 300 sqmm cu cable and 11KV 3 x300sqmm AL cable to CLP Power that aremanufactured by Dongguan Keystone

Since 1994, Keystone supplied over 8,000Kms of pilot cable to CLP Power.


2008 - 20123 yrs+2yr option

OA 4600003561Bulk Supply of LV Cable , ABC andOverhead line, Contract Sum over HK$20million per annum

Since the establishment of Bulk Supply in late90’s, Keystone has been awarded the solesupplier up to current.


2008 - 2012 Siemens Distribution Turnkey Project

Supply of LV low smoke non-halogen cables(From 2000up to 2007, Keystone suppliedover 2500 distribution stations)

Kum Shing Engineering/CLP Power Hong Kong Limited

2008 - 2010 Supplied various cable under bulk contracts:A) Cat 5 e Lan Cable 2 pair up to 100 pairB) Nylon Jumper WireC) PCM Cable up to 32 pairD) Cat 3 LAN cable up to 100 pairE) LV Power Cables

PCCW – Hong Kong TelephoneCo. Ltd.

- Export market includes: Australia, India, Macau, Pakistan, & Thailand

9

SELECTIVE JOB REFERENCE INGOVERNMENT RELATED PROJECT

2009-2011 HK Government Building – BSY Joint Venture/Tamar Development JRP / ASDFull range including 11KV cableHighway Department of HK SARGovernment ContractManagement Operation installationMaintenance of the Public LightingSystem in N.T. WestNew Civil Aviation DepartmentHeadquarters on Airport Island

ASD, HKSAR

ASD: CADSC/DSC/EL01 OVE Arup & Partners HK LimitedBYME Engineering (HK) Limited

Choi Wan Estate Hong Kong Housing AuthoritySupply of LV Cable – FR7211, BS7846,BS7211, BS5467 , BS6004 & BS6231 .

Majestic Engineering Co. Ltd.

Eastern Harbour Crossing Site Phase 3 Hong Kong Housing AuthoritySupply of LV Cable – FR7211, BS7846,BS7211, BS5467 , & BS6004.

Paul Y. (E&M) Contractor Ltd.

Fanling Area 36 Phase 2 Shun Hing Engineering ContractingLtd.

Supply of LV Cable – FR7211, BS7846,BS7211, BS5467 , BS6004 & BS6231 .

/ Housing Authority

2010-2011

2008-2010

2007

2006 – 2007

Year Description of Project Client /Consultant

20011-2014 CLP Engineering Co. Ltd.

10

SELECTIVE JOB REFERENCE IN PRIVATE DEVELOPERS

Year Description of Project Client /Consultant2011-2012 MTRC – New World Residential Project

Che Kung Temple, ShatinMTR CorporationNew World DevelopmentMajestic Engineering Co. Ltd.

2011-2012 Hong Kong UniversityCentennial Campus

Hong Kong UniversityGammon Construction LimitedGammon E&M Co. Ltd.

2007-2012 Macau ProjectVenetian Macau – Parcel 5 & 6 Hotel 5A & 6BSupply of LV Building Wires, Power Cable &Fire Resistant Cable

BBY Engineering (Macao) Ltd.Parsons Brinckerhoff (ASIA) Ltd.

2008-2012 Macau ProjectVenetian Macau – Parcel 5Supply of 11KV LSNH 3-core power cable andLV 4 x 400sqmm FR power cable

CLP EngineeringParsons Brinckerhoff (ASIA) Ltd.

2008-2009 Sun Hung Kai PropertyLung Tin Tsuen, Yuen Long +Kwu Tung 2242, Sheung ShuiSupply of LV wires, power cable (includingBranch Cable & FR 7211 & BS7846 )

Eversun Engineering Co., Ltd./Sun Hung Kai Group

2008 Macau ProjectMelco Macau – City of Dream PodiumSupply of LV Building Wires, Power Cable &Fire Resistant Cable

Ryoden Engineering (Macao) Ltd.J. Roger Preston Limited

2008 Hong Kong Convention & Exhibition CentreExtension IISupply of LV Building Wires, Power Cable &Fire Resistant Cable

Kinden CorporationWong & Ouyang (Building Services)Ltd.

2008 Hong Kong Airport Apron P333 ProjectSupply of LV Building Wires, Power Cable &Fire Resistant Cable

Balfour Beatty E&M LimitedHong Kong Airport Authority

11

SELECTIVE JOB REFERENCEIN MACAU PRIVATE DEVELOPERS

Year Description of Project Client /Consultant2008 Macau Project

Venetian Macau – Parcel 2 Paiza MansionSupply of LV Building Wires, Power Cable &Fire Resistant Cable

Yourngs Engineering (Macao) Ltd.Parsons Brinckerhoff (ASIA) Ltd.

2008 Macau ProjectVenetian Macau – Parcel 5 CongressSupply of LV Building Wires, Power Cable &Fire Resistant Cable

Ryoden Engineering (Macao) Ltd.Parsons Brinckerhoff (ASIA) Ltd.

2006 - 2007 The Crown Hyatt Hotel新凱悅酒店Supply of LV wires, power cable (includingFR 7211 & BS7846 )

Paul Y. (E&M) Contractors Ltd. /Maunsell /嘉匯工程有限公司

2006 Macau ProjectVenetian Macau – Parcel 1Supply of 11KV LSNH 3-core power cable andLV 4 x 400sqmm FR power cable

CLP EngineeringParsons Brinckerhoff (ASIA) Ltd.

2005 – 2007 Macau ProjectGalaxy Starworld HotelSupply of LV wires, power cable (includingBranch Cable & FR 7211 & BS7846 )

Galaxy Entertainment Group Ltd.Ryoden Engineering Co., Ltd.

2007 Macau ProjectVenetian Macau – Parcel 2Supply of LV Building Wires & Power Cable

BYME Engineering (Macao) Ltd.Parsons Brinckerhoff (ASIA) Ltd.

2007 Macau ProjectVenetian Macau – Parcel 2 MV projectSupply of 11KV LSNH 3-core power cable andLV 4 x 400sqmm FR power cable

Gtech Engineering Co. Ltd.Parsons Brinckerhoff (ASIA) Ltd.

12

•IEC Specification•The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading globalorganization that prepares and publishes international standards for allelectrical, electronic and related technologies.•Members include China, UK,…etc. Counted on Website over 81 countries•IEC is more of a generic design guide type of documents cover a far range ofcable construction. Reference Website: www.iec.ch

Cable Specification

•British Specification (BS)•National Standard in UK•For Cable Standard, very specific and product oriented standard,make many references to BS and IEC within a product specification

•Other National Standards•GB – National Standard of China•EN - European Standards (ENs) produced by CENELEC (www.cenelec.eu) CENELEC also produces some other technical documents such asHarmonization Documents (HDs)…etc.•UL - National Standard used in USA•CSA – National Standard used in Canada

13

Relevant Standards

Cable Type Specification

132 kV Cables IEC60840, BS7912

3.8/6.6 kV to

19/33 kV Cables

IEC60502-2, BS6622, BS7835

450/750V and300/500V Cables

BS6004, BS6500, BS7211,

BS EN50525

600/1000V Cables IEC60502-1, BS5467, BS6231,BS6346, BS6724, BS7846,BS7889

TelecommunicationCables

UL444

14

Changes in British Specification• In 2012/2013, a number of British Standards have

recently been revised/ reissued/ withdrawn.

• These changes are linked to the publication of newharmonized standards under BS EN 50525 series ofstandards.

• Withdrawn list:• BS 6004:1998 (withdrawn)• BS 7211:1998 (withdrawn)• BS 6500:2000 (withdrawn)• BS 7919:2001 (withdrawn)• BS 7889:1997 (withdrawn)

• Newly Issued list:• BS 6004:2012• BS 7211:2012• BS 7889:2012• BS 8573:2012

• BASEC will review the On-going Certification toWithdrawn Standards situation at end 2013.

15

Updated List ofKnown Standards for

Electric Cables againstArchSD EE_GS 2012

16

Updated List of KnownStandards for ElectricCables againstArchSD EE_GS 2012

17


18


19

Importance ofProduct Certificate

in LV Products• Difference between Type Test

Report and Cablesmanufactured under arecognized quality surveillancescheme by CENELEC such asBASEC(British ApprovalServices for Cables) orLPCB(Loss PreventionCertification Board)

Courtesy From BASEC

20

BASEC Product Licence Scheme

1. Application BASECProduct Licence

2. Applicant must get ISO9001certificate issued by BASEC and

comply product scheme requirementsof BA2250 Part 1 and 2

(BASEC would send auditor from UKto audit the quality managementsystem and the product scheme

requirements)

3. Send send cable samplesto BASEC for type testing,

in order to get the typeapproval for BASEC product

licence

4. There will be a minimum of 3routine visits per rolling 12 month

period to maintain the BASECproduct licence and the ISO 9001

certificate. The routine surveillance iscarried out by the BASEC auditor

from UK.

5. During routine visit, the BASEC auditor willcheck whether the quality management system

complies with ISO9001 requirements and productscheme requirements of BA2250 Part 1 and 2.Cable samples will be selected and sent back to

BASEC for testing. The number of samples takenby BASEC is determined according to the totalquantity (km) of all cables made under License.

Remarks: Detail information of the BASEC product licence scheme refers Appendix 1 BASEC Product Licence Scheme

21

LPCB Product Licence Scheme

1. Application LPCBProduct Licence

2. Applicant must get ISO9001certificate issued by LPCB and

comply product scheme requirements

(LPCB would send auditor from UKto audit the quality managementsystem and the product scheme

requirements)

3. Send send cable samplesto LPCB for type testing, in

order to get the typeapproval for LPCB product

licence

4. There will be a minimum of 2routine visits per rolling 12 month

period to maintain the LPCB productlicence and the ISO 9001 certificate.

The routine surveillance is carried outby the LPCB auditor from UK.

5. During routine visit, the LPCB auditor willcheck whether the quality management system

complies with ISO9001 requirements and productscheme requirements. Cable samples will be

selected and sent back to LPCB for testing. Thenumber of samples taken by LPCB is determinedaccording to the total quantity (km) of all cables

made under License.

24

中國認證証書

中國國家強制性產品認証証書及中國全國工業產品生產許可証

- 普通建築用線須強制申請“中國國家強制產品認證證書”(3C認證). 取得3C產品認證後,每年須審查一次.每張證書抽查一個產品檢驗.-電力電纜須申請“全國工業產品許可證”.取得該證書後,每五年須審查一次.每張證書抽查一個產品檢驗.-各省市技術監督局可定期或于市場上抽查企業產品,送往各指定實驗室檢測.-中國實驗室國家認可委員會負責認定中國各指定檢測實驗室. 認證機構和檢查機構.-各檢測實驗室由認可委員會認可來汀檢測范圍由認可委員會審批.

25

Poor Quality CableEnergized after 2 years

26

IEC & IECEE CB Scheme

The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a not-for-profit, non-governmental organization, founded in 1906.

The IEC's members are National Committees, and they appoint experts and delegates comingfrom industry, government bodies, associations and academia to participate in the technicaland conformity assessment work of the IEC. Current membership 60 full members, 21associate members total 81 nations. (Source: http://www.iec.ch )

The IECEE CB Scheme is the world's first truly international system for mutual acceptanceof test reports and certificates dealing with the safety of electrical and electroniccomponents, equipment and products. It is a multilateral agreement among participatingcountries and certification organizations. A manufacturer utilizing a CB test certificateissued by one of the accepted National Certification Bodies (NCBs) can obtain certificationmarks of the latter, within their scope of adherence, in the countries where the acceptedNCBs are located. (source: http://www.iecee.org/cbscheme/cbfunct.pdf )

China Regulatory requirement on the CB Scheme can be found in the following website:http://members.iecee.org/IECEE/IECEEMembers.nsf/0/EF47ED57B7C7F975C12572F1003BE86F/$file/china-rr.pdf

27

CB Scheme

Source: http://www.iecee.org/cbscheme/cbfunct.pdf

28

CB Scheme in China

29

China Test Report – Certification Mark ID

CM A 是“CH IN A M ETRO LO G Y A CCRED ITA TIO N”的縮

寫 ;中文含意為“ 中國計量認証”。

是國家法律對檢測檢驗機構的基本要求

CNAS——中國合格評定國家認可委員會 (英文縮寫為：

CNAS) 是由國家認証認可監工督管理委員會批准

設立并授權的由國認可機構，統一負責對認証機

構、實驗室和檢查機構等相關機構的認可工作。

Example from State Grid Electrical Power Research Institute, Wuhan

30

-Specification : BS EN 60228 (former BS 6360) ,IEC 60228 . . . Etc.

-Class of conductors- Class 1 Solid conductors- Class 2 Stranded conductors(min. # of strand 7)- Class 5 Flexible conductors (< Ø 0.61mm)- Class 6 Flexible conductors(< Ø 0.41mm)

Copper Conductors

31

Conductors

- Plain Aluminium Conductor, Density: 2.73, Volume Resistivity is 28.264Ω•mm2/Km in H68 condition

-Metal coated Annealed Copper Conductor – higher resistivity than plainannealed copper conductor

-Annealed Copper Conductor, Density: 8.89, Volume Resistivity is 17.241Ω •mm2/Km

-Hard Drawn Copper Conductor maximum resistance can be obtained byusing the annealed copper conductor and divided by 0.97

Types of Conductors

32

300 mm2 Circular CompactedStranded Aluminium Conductor

(58 Wires Strand)

300 mm2 Circular CompactedStranded Copper Conductor

(61 Wires Strand)

300 mm2 Sector Shaped SolidAluminium Conductor

300 mm2 Circular StrandedCopper Conductor(61 Wires Strand)

33

METAL EXTRUSIONCONFORM PROCESS

實芯鋁導體和銅扁條

Solid Aluminium Conductor and Copper tape

35

Maximum Conductor Temperatures for DifferentTypes of Insulating Compound

Insulating compound Maximum conductorTemperature Deg. C

NormalOperation

Short Circuit (5Smaximum duration)

Polyvinyl Chloride – PVC/A

Uo/U 1.8/3KV

70 160 300mm2

140>300mm2

Cross-linked Polyethylene 90 250

Ethylene Propylene Rubber 90 250

Source: IEC60502-1

36

PVC versus XLPE(Thermoplastic versus Thermoset)

Crosslinking effect oncable cores after heatingat 200 Deg. C for 30minutes

^Source: Union Carbide Technical Paper "Advantages of Crosslinked Polyethylene overcompounded PVC for low voltage power cable application

Typical Insulation Properties^PVC XLPE

Tensile Strength (Mpa) 9.6-24.1 13.8-17.2Enlongation (%) 100-300 300-500

Heat Aging Poor* ExcellentHeat Distortion Fair Excellent

Resistance to low temp. Fair Excellentoil resistance Fair Very Good

Acid resistance Fair ExcellentAlkali resistance Good Excellent

37

Typical Electrical Properties between PVC and XLPE

^Source: Union Carbide Technical Paper "Advantages of Crosslinked Polyethylene overcompounded PVC for low voltage power cable application

Table 1: Typical Electrical Properties at Maximum Operating TemperatureDielectricConstant

DissipationFactor DC x DF*

PVC (70oC) 7.55 0.0345 0.26XLPE (90oC) 2.45 0.0038 0.009

Dielectric Constant: A measure of the capacitance of the insulation(ie. Ability to store charges)Dissipation (Power) Factor: The measure of insulation propensity to absorb electricity and Dissipate it as heat.

*The dielectric loss for PVC versus XLPE can be as high as 28 times.

38** All information from Dow Chemical (Premission tousse for presentation was obtained)

41

低烟无卤材料VS聚氯乙烯特性

透光率

（%）

人的裸视

力（m）毒性指数

*人的存活

时间

（分）

低烟无卤 70 5 0.79 >30

聚氯乙烯（PVC） 15 2 15.01 2--3

* 把在30分钟可致人死亡的气体浓度的毒性定为1。

资料来源：DGJ08-93-2002上海民用建筑电线电缆防火设计规程

42

LSNH Properties

43

New Development on Low Smoke Non-Halogen

•Chemical name: Ammonium Polyphosphate

•Two Main Families•Crystal Phase I APP (APP I) Decompose @~150

oC

•Crystal Phase II APP (APP II) Decompose @~300oC

•Good retention of mechanical properties an good electricalproperties•APP I is higher water solubility than APP II.•APP in contact with water will gets hydrolysed to monoammonium phosphate(Orthophosphate)•When decompose at high temperature decomposed to polyphosphoric acid andammonia

44

Aging capacity of plastic

46

Jacket Material Comparison

Technical Comparison

Jacket Type Good Things Bad Things

PVC 1. Low water absorption properties2. Resistance to oils, chemicals,

sunlight, aging, abrasion anddeformation

1. Become brittle or crack at lowtemperature

2. Dense corrosive and acidicsmoke and gas emission underfire condition

PE 1. Low cracking and shatteringtemperatures

2. Lighter weight3. A significantly lower moisture

vapor transmission rate, improvedphysical properties compared withPVC jacket

4. Protection against insects and rats5. Abrasion resistance

1. Burn readily2. Susceptible to oxidative

degradation induced by UV ofsunlight

Low Smoke Fume 1. Not give off large amount of smokeunder fire condition

1. Lower physical propertiescompared with PVC and PE

Low Smoke andHalogen Free

1. Low amount of smoke and acidicgas under fire condition

2. Resistance to flame3. Abrasion resistance

1. Lower physical propertiescompared with PVC and PE

47

Soil Thermal Resistivityin Hong Kong

48

Reference:‘Electric Cables HandbookThird Edition’ Edited by G.F. Moore

Remarks: Hong Kong ground is moist, and therefore it is much more representative totake the soil thermal resistivity 0.9 Km/W for calculating the current rating

49

Comparison of Plastic Compound

Protective properties of typical black insulation jacket compoundsPhysical property Test method Units PVC LDPE LLDPE MDPEheat distortion, 100 degree C % 0 0 0115 degree C % 90 22 7121 degree C % ~20* NA NA NA125 degree C % melted 90 40135 degree C % melted melted meltedNotched LTB,F50 Temp. D746 degree C -35 -35 -60 -60Abrasion resistance D3389 mg/100 rev 29 22 16Shore D hardness D2240 54 56 61Cut-through resistance lb(Nx10000) 2600(1.2) 3000(1.3) 3600(1.6)Mositure Vapor Trans E96 g/24hr/m2 310 1.16 0.74 0.51*typical value for PVC jacket quoted by two cable manufacturers

Source: Dow Chemical Pacific Limited

Medium Voltage Cable Up to 35 kV

Medium Voltage System

- Splicing is a critical element ofthe High Voltage System-Cleaniness of the compound iscritical

Water Tree Growth in MV Cables

• Decomposition of solid dielectrics

• Under wet environment and electrical stress

• Tree like channels formed inside dielectrics

• Occur in all organics dielectrics

Vented Trees(from semicon interface)

Bow-tie Trees(from insulation)

** All information from Dow Chemical (Premission tousse for presentation was obtained)

5252

Water Treeing Phenomena in MV URD Cables

< 0.05mm

< 0.2mm

4.4mm insulation

> 4.1 mm

Initiation Stage• Material quality

Shield: smoothness, cleanlinessInsulation: cleanliness

• Cable manufacturing quality

Growth StageInsulation- tree retardance- cleanliness

Conversion to Electrical Tree• Material quality

Shield: smoothness, cleanlinessInsulation: resistance to conversion

• Cable manufacturing quality

** All information from Dow Chemical (Premission tousse for presentation was obtained)

UCC Water Tree Growth Test at 5 kV, 1 kHz, 0.01 M NaCl, 3 m needle tip

Alternate Material

Under 100x Magnification

Length & Shape of Alt. Mat’l Water Tree Closer to 4201 than 4202

Water Tree Growth @ 40° C, 90 Days

4201 4202

0.550 mmaverage: 0.572±0.071 mm, N=5

0.240 mmaverage: 0.236± 0.037 mm, N=10

0.580 mmaverage: 0.604± 0.049 mm, N=5

Needle

** All information from Dow Chemical

Medium Voltage Three-core Cable in Hong Kong

Medium Voltage Single-core Armoured Cablein Hong Kong

56

中壓電力電纜制造流程MV POWER CABLEPROCESS FLOW

57

Medium VoltageArmoured CableManufacturing Flow

QC1: Income Raw Materialchecks: Copper/ AluminiumConductivity

QC2: Copper/ AluminiumDiameter

QC3: Conductor Resistance

QC4: Thickness & Hot SetTest, Non-electrical propertiestest

QC5: Copper tape thickness

QC6: Direction and Sequenceof Lay

QC7: Bedding Diameter &Thickness, non-electricalproperties test

QC8: Armouring diameter &Direction of Armouring

QC9: Appearance & Marking,Overall Diameter andOversheath Thickness

FQC1: Electrical & Non-electrical properties test

Drawing & Annealing

Conductor Stranding

Triple Extrusionof Conductor

Screen, Insulationand Insulation

ScreenCabling

Tape Process ofSemi-conductiveTape and Copper

Tape

BeddingExtrusion

Armouring

OversheathExtrusion

Copper Rod orAluminium Rod

Final Inspection

Rewinding & Packing

Storage

QC1

QC2

QC3

QC4

QC5

QC6

QC7

QC8

QC9

FQC1

Single-core cable

58

WIRE DRAWING

8mmCOPPER ROD

Rod Breakdown Machine

In Process2.6mm CopperWire

Wire readyfor extrusionor stranding

59

Circular Compacted Conductor Stranding

Take-up

Stranding Cage

Stranding Die

In-process control during setup:

Conductor resistance test

60

Typical CV Line Configuration

Uniclean Packing

• The confined bottom unloading designallowed protection from foreign contaminant

• The material unloading by gravity reduce thefiction induced by suction in top unloadingsystem which will generate small plastic fines

• Provide good moisture barrier for semiconmaterial with the composite liner

• Additional PE liner between PP supersac andbox to prevent corrugated fibers from attachingitself to supersac

** All information from Dow Chemical

62

Side Feature of CV Line

X-ray Machine Display

X-ray Machine

Triple Layer Extruder Head

Conductor Screen,Insulation andInsulation Screen

63

Cabling Process

Take-up

Pay-off

Cabling Die

64

Amouring Process

Take-up

Stranding Machine

Stranding Die

65

Bedding/Sheathing Extrusion

In-line Spark Test

Pay-offTake-up

Extrusion

EmbossedMarking

DC Traction Cables

DC Traction Cables – ERP up to 35 KV, Oil Resistance LSNH Jacket

• New 1800Vdc ERP/LSNH Single-core Positive TractionCable and 300Vdc LSNH Single-core Negative TractionCable had been developed in accordance with Hong KongMTRC requirements.

• Type testing at China National Centre for Quality Supervisionand Test of Electric Wire and Cable in Shanghai. Fullcompliance to MTRC GS.

• The positive and negative traction cables had been approved byMTRC to be used in Contract 958 via ABB.

67

• KEYSTONE Armoured LSNH Cables comply therequirements of BS6724:1997+A3:2008 and KEYSTONESingle core LSNH Cables comply the requirements ofBS7211:1998.

• BS6724:1997+A3:2008 Armoured LSNH Cables ProductCertification and BS7211:1998 Single core LSNH CablesProduct Certification are certified of by BASEC

BS6724 Armoured LSNH Cablesand

BS7211 Single core LSNH Cables

68

LSNH Cables Product Certificates

BS6724 BASEC Product Certificate BS7211 BASEC Product Certificate

69

• KEYSTONE Armoured Fire Resistant Cables comply therequirements of BS7846:2009 Category F2 and BS6387:1994CWZ and KEYSTONE FR7211 Single core Resistant Cablescomply the requirements of BS6387:1994.

• BS7846 Armoured Fire Resistant Cables Product Certificationare certified of by both BASEC and Loss PreventionCertification Board (BRE Certification in UK and verified byHK Fire Department); FR7211 Single core Resistant CablesProduct Certification are certified of by Loss PreventionCertification Board (BRE Certification in UK and verified byHK Fire Department)

BS7846 Armoured Fire Resistant Cablesand

FR7211 Single core Resistant Cables

663c

70

BS7846 Armoured Fire Resistant CablesProduct Certificates

BS7846 BASEC Product Certificate BS7846 LPCB Product Certificate

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FR7211 Single core Resistant CablesProduct Certificates

FR7211 LPCB Product Certificate

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• Appendix 8, Minimum Fire Resisting Cable Requirements for FireService Installations

Fire Services DepartmentCoP for Minimum Fire Service Installations and

Equipment and Inspection, Testing and Maintenace ofInstallations and Equipment (All)(12th Version April 2012)

73

• Appendix 4, Checklist for Fire Detection and Fire Alarm System



(vi) Cable as per RemarksSection in Appendix 8 of FSCoP and accepted beingexempted from requirement offire resistance

74

• Appendix 8, Minimum Fire Resisting Cable Requirements for FireService Installations



Remarks:Cables under any of the following conditions may be exempted fromthe above minimum requirements:-(a) Cables installed and terminated in switch/plant room;(b) Cables inside concealed metallic or PVC conduits which areembedded by plaster/concrete to a depth of at least 12 mm;(c) Cables inside underground cable ducts or reinforced concretecable trenches;(d) Cables embedded in the soil to a depth of at least 300 mm;(e) Cables within fire resisting cable ducts and are not mixed withother services (e.g. switchgear, etc); the fire resistance rating ofcable ducts to be not less than that of the building compartment; or(f) Cables inside metallic flexible conduits not exceeding 2 m forfinal connection to fire service equipment.

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“Standard” fire resisting cables with PH30classification according to BS EN 50200 and additional30 min. survival time to Annex E of this standard; or

“Enhanced” fire resisting cables with PH120classification according to BS 8434-2.



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Scope of BS EN 50200

BS EN 50200 test method is limited to cables

with an overall diameter not exceeding 20 mm &

Conductor sizes up to and including 2.5 mm2

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• There are PH 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 classification in BS EN 50200

• BS EN 50200 class PH30 requires resistance to fire andmechanical shock for 30 minutes in two tests.

• BS EN 50200 Annex E requires resistance to fire andmechanical shock for 15 minutes and resistance to fire,mechanical shock and water spray for 15 minutes.

• The PH classification refers a constant temperature attack of anotional 842oC.

• BS 8434-2 is test for unprotected small cables for use inemergency circuits – BS EN 50200 with a 930oC flame and withwater spray.

• BS 8434-2 requires resistance to fire and mechanical shock for60minutes and resistance to fire, mechanical shock and waterspray for 60 minutes.

Other Relevant Clauses in BS EN 50200 & BS 8434-2

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BS EN 50200

79

BS EN 50200

Side View of the Test Wall

80

BS7846 ARMOUREDFIRE RESISTANTCABLEPROCESS FLOW

81

Drawing & Annealing

Copper Stranding

Mica Tape TapingProcess

CablingXLPE InsulationExtrusion

LSNH BeddingExtrusion

Armouring

LSNH SheathExtrusion

Copper Rod

Final Inspection

Rewinding & Packing

Storage

QC1

QC2

QC3

QC4

QC6

QC7

QC8

QC9

QC5

QC1: Income Raw Materialchecks: Copper/ AluminiumConductivity

QC2: Copper / AluminiumDiameter

QC3: Conductor resistance

QC4: Diameter & tape thickness

QC5: Thickness & Hot Set Test,Non-electrical properties test

QC6: Direction and Sequence ofLay

QC7: Bedding Diameter &Thickness, Non-electricalproperties test

QC8: Armouring diameter &Direction of Armouring

QC9: Appearance & Marking,Overall Diameter and OversheathThickness

FQC1: Electrical & Non-Electrical properties test

Low Voltage Multi-CoreCable ManufacturingFlow

FQC1

Low Voltage Cable

450/750V and 300/500V Low Voltage Cable

-Mainly is the non-armoured polyvinyl chloride(PVC) insulated cables in Hong Kong-The cable mainly divides into two types: buildingwires and flexible cables-Building wires use for electric power,lightning, internal wiring-Flexible cables use for electrical appliances andequipment in domestic, especially using in multi-socket

PVC insulated 450/750V Cable

Fix Installation 600/1000V Cable

-This type of cable uses in fixed installations in industrialareas, buildings and similar applications-The cable is usually PVC or XLPE insulation-The different types of fix installation cable have similarconstruction but different bedding and oversheathmaterial are used

XLPE-PVC Single Core Cable Single Core Armoured Cable 4-Core Armoured Cable

84

分支電纜 Branch Cable

KEYBRANCH CABLE SYSTEM

85

Recommended Branch Cable Installation Schematic Drawing

Where De = overall cable diameterDe min = minimum distance between

cable surfaces equal to the overall cable diameter (De)0.5 De min = distance from the wall not less than 0.5 De

Top View

(電木)

EE

86

Instrumentation/ Data Cable

Instrumentation Cable

-The cable is single-core insulated and non-sheathed, there are three most popular typesof cables (UL 1015, Tri-rated Cable andHeat Resisting 90oC Cable)UL 1015 UL 1015 cable is certified by UL and CSA and usually uses

in computer and electronic instrument, UL 1015 is theappliance wire material that has much lower tensile strengthand higher elongation.

Tri-rated Cable The cable is certified by UL, CSA and usually uses inelectronic instrument.

BS6231 HeatingResisting 90

oC

The cable is certified by BASEC. It is used for the wiring ofswitch, control, metering, relay and instrument panels ofpower switchgear, and for such purposes as internalconnections in rectifier equipment and in motor starters andcontrollers.

87

Instrumentation Cable (continued)

-Some tests that are required by the BS6231 CR and CK typeheat resisting 90oC are not required by UL1015 cable

-One of the test (Thermal stability test) of the CR and CKtype cable is not required by UL 1015 cable.

-Thermal stability test is to investigate the insulation materialthermal stability times under 200oC for changing an universalindicating paper from a pH value of 5 to a pH value of 3. Theminimum time taken should be 240 minutes

88

BS6231 and UL 1015 Cable Insulation MaterialTesting Comparison Table

BS6231 Type CR & CKPVC for normal operated

temperature 90oC

UL 758 PVC fornormal operated

temperature 105oCTest requirements BS7655 3.1 : 1993

Type TI3UL Subject 758

Type 10151. Properties in the state as manufacturedMinimum tensile strength (N/mm2) 15 5.52Minimum elongation at break (%) 150 3002. Properties after ageing in air ovenTemperature (oC) 135 136Duration (h) 14 x 24 7 x 24Minimum tensile strength (N/mm2) 15 4.14Maximum variation of tensile strength (%) 25 25Minimum elongation at break (%) 150 225Maximum variation of elongation at break (%) 25 253. Bending test at low temperatureTemperature (oC) -15 -10Requirement No cracks No cracks4.Elongation test at low temperature Applicable for use on

national types of cable withmean overall diameters

exceeding 12.5mmTemperature (oC) -15 Not requestMinimum elongation without break (%) 20 Not request5. Pressure test at high temperature Applicable for solid

cable onlyForce exerted by the blade BS60811-3-1:1995 UL1581Duration of heating under load BS60811-3-1:1995 UL1581Temperature (oC) 90 121Maximum indentation (%) 50 50

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BS6231 and UL 1015 Cable Insulation MaterialTesting Comparison Table (continued)

BS6231 Type CR & CKPVC for normal operated

temperature 90oC

UL 758 PVC fornormal operatedtemperature 90oC

Test requirements BS7655 3.1 : 1993Type TI3

UL Subject 758Type 1015

6. Resistance to crackingTemperature (oC) 150 136Requirement No cracks No cracks7. Loss of mass testTemperature (oC) 115 Not requestDuration (h) 24 x 24 Not requestMaximum loss of mass (mg/cm2) 1.5 Not request8. Thermal stabilityTemperature (oC) 2000.5 Not requestDuration 240 Not request9. Insulation resistance testTemperature (oC) 90 Not requestMinimum K value (M.km) 0.037 Not request

90

Data Cable

-The cable is usually designed forinterconnecting digital transmissionequipment, such as PCM, T1 and E1line applications-Usually have copper tape oraluminium tape for screening

PCM cable for mobile phone system

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Telecommunication Cable

-PVC telephone cable only for voice transmission in earlyday-The copper conductor of telecommunication cable isusually 24AWG in Hong Kong-Nowadays, the popular telecommunication cableare category 3, category 5 and category 5e- The main different for different categoriesis the voice or data transmission rate-Category 5 and category 5e usually used asLAN cable for data transmission-There are usually three grades(CMR, CM andCMX) of cable for different fire retardant properties-CMR that has the best fire retardant property refersUL1666, CM and CMX refer UL1581

Cat-5 25 Pairs

Cat-5e 4 Pairs

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Overhead Cable

Aerial Bundle Cable

Aluminium conductors, steelreinforced (ACSR)

Stranded aluminium alloyconductor (AAAC)

Circular CompactedStranded AluminiumConductor

Inner XLPE Insulation



Outer XLPE Insulation


Raised Rib

Outer XLPE Insulation

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Cable Testing CategoryType Tests (symbol T)

Tests made before supplying, on a general commercial basis, a type of cablecovered by this standard, in order to demonstrate satisfactory performancecharacteristics to meet the intended applicationNote: These tests are of such a nature that, after they have been made, they need not be repeated unlesschanges are made in the cable materials or design or manufacturing process which might change theperformance characteristics.

Sample Tests (symbol S)

Tests made on samples of completed cable, or components taken from acompleted cable adequate to verify that finished product meets the designspecifications.

Routine Tests (symbol R)

Tests made on all production lengths to demonstrate their integrity.

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質量保証和成品儉測Quality Assurance/Final Inspection

Dimension Check塑料厚度儉測

95

Dimension Check塑料厚度儉測

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耐壓測試Dielectric Strength Test

1. Routine test for Medium Voltage Cables (IEC 60502-2)

- test voltage 3.5Uo (e.g. 22.2kV for 6.35/11kV cables) appliedfor 5 minutes between each conductor and the metallic layer

2. Routine test for 600/1000V Armoured Cables

- between conductors at 3500Vac for 5 minutes.

- between each conductor and the armour at 3500Vac for 5minutes

3. Sample test for 450/750V PVC Insulated Cables (BS6004)

- between conductor and water at 2500Vac for 15 minutes

4. Sample test for 300/500V PVC Insulated and PVCOversheathed Cables (BS6004)

- between each conductor and all the others connected togetherand to the water at 2000Vac for 15 minutes

- between all conductors and the water at 2000Vac for 15 minutes

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Partial Discharge Test for Medium Voltage Cable- In accordance with IEC 60502-2

Test voltage (kV) Duration Max. allowable pd-level (pC)

2Uo

(e.g. 12.7kV for6.35/11kV cables)

Hold for 10 seconds

1.73Uo

(e.g. 11.0kV for6.35/11kV cables)

- 10

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導體電阻Conductor Resistance Test

99

導體電阻Conductor Resistance Test

100

絕緣電阻Insulation Resistance Test

e.g. Measure insulation resistance of PVCinsulated single-core cable at 70oC

101

Tensile Strength Test抗張力和延伸率儉測

102

Flexing test for Flexible cords彎曲實驗

103Aging Oven老化測試

DCM Network Analyzer網絡測試儀

104

分支電纜測試Branch Cable Testing

耐壓測試Dielectric test

熱循環測試Heat Cycle Test

105

New Testing Equipment

Ozone Test Tester

Air Bomb Ageing Oven

106

Levels of Cable Fire Performance

107Reference:‘Electric Cables Handbook Third Edition’Edited by G. F. Moore

108

Fire Test

-Properties of PVC insulated and oversheathed cablesunder fire condition refer IEC60332-3 Part A or BS EN60332-1-2-Properties of LSNH cables under fire condition referIEC60332-3 Part C or BS EN 50266-2-4-Properties of CMR telephone cables under fire conditionrefer UL1666- BS specification BS6724 or BS7846 “…Low Smoke andCorrosive Gas When Affect in Fire Condition…”- “..a material must liberate less than 0.5% HCl to beclassed as zero halogen…”(BICC Electric CableHandbook, third edition, p101)

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Fire Performance Requirements ofFire Resistance Cable

Standards for Fire Resistance Cable:IEC 60331 and BS 6387

Categories of Cable:Resistance to fire alone

Fire Condition Symbol650 oC for 3 hours A750 oC for 3 hours B950 oC for 3 hours C950 oC for 20 minutes S

Resistance to fire with water (W)

Resistance to fire with mechanical shockFire Condition Symbol650 oC X750 oC Y950 oC Z

Cable in the following categories meets the following fire conditions:CWZ - 950oC for 3 hours, water spray, and mechanical shock at 950oCCY- 950oC for 3 hours,and mechanical shock at 750oCASWX - 650oC for 3 hours, 950oC for 20 minutes, water spray, and mechanical shock at 650oC

110

Fire Performance Requirements ofFlame Retardance Cable

Standard

BS EN60332-3-21(FormerBS EN50266-2-1) IEC60332-3-21

BS EN60332-3-25(Former BSEN 50266-2-5) IEC60332-3-25

Category A F/R DRange of Conductor (mm2) >35 1) =< 35 2) =< 35 2) >35 1) =< 35 2) >35 1) =< 12Non-metallic volume litre/m 7 7 7 7 3.5 3.5 1.5 1.5 0.5No. of layersFor the standard ladder:(Max. width 300mm)

2 >= 1 1 >= 1 1 >= 1 1 >= 1

For the wide ladder:(Max. width 600mm) 1

Position of test pieces spaced touching touching spaced touching spaced touchingFlame application time(min) 40 40 20

Number of burners 1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 1

spaced

40

BS EN 60332-3-22 (Former BSEN 50266-2-2)IEC 60332-3-22

BS EN 60332-3-23(Former BS EN

50266-2-3)IEC 60332-3-23

A>35 1)

B C

BS EN 60332-3-24(Former BS EN

50266-2-4)IEC 60332-3-24

40 20

1) At least one conductor greater than 35 mm2

2) No conductor cross-section exceeding 35 mm2

111

Maintain Circuit integrity under fireCondition Test – BS 6387 Cat. C

0 min:

Turn on fire with very smallamount of smoke

5 min 15 min

90min.

180 min, the Circuit ismaintaining and all lightsstill on.

Test requirement:

Fire temp. 950℃

Applied Voltage 1000 V

Maintain Circuit integrity

Maintain 3h

No breakdown circuit

No lamp extinguished

112

Smoke Emission TestBS EN 61034-2 (LSNH Vs PVC)

10min0min 20min 30min

2min 5min

PVCCable

LSNH Cable

Dongguan KeystoneSmoke Emission Chamber

- Most BS Product Specificationincludes Smoke Emission Test to BSEN 61034-2 (FormerBS7622:Part2)

113

Vertical Flame Test - IEC 60332-3-21 Category A11kV 400mm2 x 1 Core CU/XLPE/AWA/LSNH Cable

After 40 minBurning

114

Vertical Flame Test - IEC 60332-3 part CBS EN 50266-2-4 Category CXLPE/LSNH 1.5mm2 x 16 coreMax extent of the charred portion shall notexceed 2.5m above the burner.

Initial Start Fire @ 20 min Burner out

Fire extinguishedwithin 7 min.

115

Other common referred test

- Temperature Index Test(BS EN ISO 4589-3(Former BS2782:part 1:Method 143) )

- Oxygen index Test( BS EN ISO 4589-2(Former BS2782:Part1:Method 141))

Fire Retardant UL1666

Riser Test

<400deg F

20 minutes

Wind draft

116

Other common referred test

- Corrosive and acid gasBS EN 50267-2-1(former BS6425:Part1)

Dongguan Keystone HCLContent Test Chamber

117

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