St George Girls High SchoolTrial Examination 2014

Latin Continuers

Time Allowed: 3 hoursReading Time: 5 minutes

Section I: Livy Book VPages 2-5

Total marks (35)Attempt questions 1 to 4

Allow about 1 hour for this section

Section II: Virgil, Aeneid XIIPages 6-9

Total marks (35)Attempt questions 5 to 8

Allow about 1 hour for this section

Section III: Unseen TextsPages 10-12

Total marks (30)Attempt questions 9 and 10

Allow about 1 hour for this section

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Section I - Prescribed Text – Livy, Ab Urbe Condita V

Specified Focus Areas The character of Camillus The role of religion, destiny and luck Livy’s presentation of history

Total Marks (35)Attempt Questions 1-4Allow about 1 hour for this section

Answer Questions 1 and 3 in the same writing book.Answer Question 2 on the multiple-choice answer sheet provided.Answer Question 4 in a separate writing book.

Question 1 (8 marks)

Translate the following extract into ENGLISH. The translation should be written on alternate lines.

(a) Romam ut nuntiatum est Veios captos, quamquam et prodigia procurata fuerant et

vatum responsa et Pythicae sortes notae, et quantum humanis adiuvari consiliis

potuerat res ducem M. Furium, maximum imperatorum omnium, legerant, tamen quia

tot annis varie ibi bellatum erat multaeque clades acceptae, velut ex insperato

immensum gaudium fuit, et priusquam senatus decerneret plena omnia templa

Romanarum matrum grates dis agentium erant. Senatus in quadriduum, quot dierum

nullo ante bello, supplicationes decernit.

(4 marks)

(b) Digredientibus qui spem omnem atque opem secum ferebant ab iis qui captae urbis

non superesse statuerant exitio, cum ipsa res speciesque miserabilis erat, tum muliebris

fletus et concursatio incerta nunc hos, nunc illos sequentium rogitantiumque viros

natosque cui se fato darent, nihil quod humani superesset mali relinquebant. Magna

pars tamen earum in arcem suos persecutae sunt, nec prohibente ullo nec vocante, quia

quod utile obsessis ad minuendam imbellem multitudinem, id parum humanum erat.

(4 marks)

End of Question 1

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Question 2 (7 marks)

Answer Question 2 on the answer sheet provided, at the back of this exam paper.Read the extract, and by analysing its grammatical features, answer the questions below.

The words in bold italics are referred to in questions (a) - (g).

Proficiscentes Gallos ab urbe ad Romanam experiendam virtutem fortuna

ipsa Ardeam ubi Camillus exsulabat duxit; qui maestior ibi fortuna publica

quam sua cum dis hominibusque accusandis senesceret, indignando

mirandoque ubi illi viri essent qui secum Veios Faleriosque cepissent, qui

alia bella fortius semper quam felicius gessissent, repente audit Gallorum

exercitum adventare atque de eo pavidos Ardeates consultare.

(a) What form of verb is experiendam?

A. gerundB. gerundiveC. infinitiveD. participle

(b) Why is Ardeam accusative?

A. direct objectB. dependant on a prepositionC. duration of timeD. accusative of motion

(c) Which noun is the subject of duxit?

A. GallosB. urbeC. fortunaD. Camillus

(d) Why is essent subjunctive?

A. indirect questionB. deliberative questionC. indirect commandD. clause of fear/danger

(e) What case and number is bella?

A. nominative singularB. ablative singularC. nominative pluralD. accusative plural

(f) What best describes felicius?

A. 4th declension nounB. masculine adjectiveC. comparative adverbD. singular genitive

(g) Why is adventare in the infinitive mood?

A. prolativeB. indirect statementC. historicD. it’s not

End of Question 2

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Question 3 (10 marks)

Read the extracts and answer Question 3 in your writing booklet. Use the extracts and your knowledge of the text in your answers.

(a) Romae interim satis iam omnibus, ut in tali re, ad tuendam arcem compositis,

turba seniorum domos regressi adventum hostium obstinato ad mortem animo

exspectabant. Qui eorum curules gesserant magistratus, ut in fortunae pristinae

honorumque aut virtutis insignibus morerentur, quae augustissima vestis est tensas

ducentibus triumphantibusve, ea vestiti medio aedium eburneis sellis sedere. Sunt

qui M. Folio pontifice maximo praefante carmen devovisse eos se pro patria

Quiritibusque Romanis tradant.

(i) What virtues are shown by the turba seniorum? (2 marks)

(ii) How does Livy create a sollemn tone in this extract? (3 marks)

(b) Qui effuso agmine adventant gens est cui natura corpora animosque magna magis

quam firma dederit; eo in certamen omne plus terroris quam virium ferunt.

Argumento sit clades Romana. Patentem cepere urbem: ex arce Capitolioque iis

exigua resistitur manu: iam obsidionis taedio victi abscedunt vagique per agros

palantur. Cibo vinoque raptim hausto repleti, ubi nox adpetit, prope rivos aquarum

sine munimento, sine stationibus ac custodiis passim ferarum ritu sternuntur, nunc

ab secundis rebus magis etiam solito incauti. Si vobis in animo est tueri moenia

vestra nec pati haec omnia Galliam fieri, prima vigilia capite arma frequentes, me

sequimini ad caedem, non ad pugnam.

(i) How does Livy’s language contribute to the portrayal of Camillus as a bold and inspirational leader? (5 marks)

End of Question 3

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Question 4 (10 marks)

Read the extract, then answer the question that follows. Use the extract and your knowledge of the text in your answer.

Dum haec Veiis agebantur, interim arx Romae Capitoliumque in ingenti periculo fuit.

Namque Galli, seu vestigio notato humano qua nuntius a Veiis pervenerat seu sua

sponte animadverso ad Carmentis saxo in adscensum aequo, nocte sublustri cum

primo inermem qui temptaret viam praemisissent, tradentes inde arma ubi quid iniqui

esset, alterni innixi sublevantesque in vicem et trahentes alii alios, prout postularet

locus, tanto silentio in summum evasere ut non custodes solum fallerent, sed ne canes

quidem, sollicitum animal ad nocturnos strepitus, excitarent. Anseres non fefellere

quibus sacris Iunonis in summa inopia cibi tamen abstinebatur. Quae res saluti fuit;

namque clangore eorum alarumque crepitu excitus M. Manlius qui triennio ante

consul fuerat, vir bello egregius, armis arreptis simul ad arma ceteros ciens vadit et

dum ceteri trepidant, Gallum qui iam in summo constiterat umbone ictum deturbat.

Cuius casus prolapsi cum proximos sterneret, trepidantes alios armisque omissis saxa

quibus adhaerebant manibus amplexos trucidat. Iamque et alii congregati telis

missilibusque saxis proturbare hostes, ruinaque tota prolapsa acies in praeceps deferri.

I shall find some satisfaction in putting on record the story of the greatest nation in the world… The study of history is the best medicine for a sick mind; for in history… you can find for yourself and for your country both examples and warnings; fine things to take as models, base things, rotten through and through, to avoid. (Taken and adapted from Livy’s Prologue)

How do the language and themes of this extract reveal the purpose(s) behind Livy’s account of history?

In your answer make reference to the above quote from Livy’s Prologue.(10 marks)

End of Section I

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Section II- Virgil, Aeneid XII

Specified Focus Areas The character of Aeneas and Turnus The role of the gods Virgil’s language, style and narrative technique.

Total Marks (35)Attempt Questions 5 - 8Allow about 1 hour for this section

Answer Questions 5 and 7 in the same writing book.Answer Question 6 on the answer sheet provided.Answer Question 8 in a separate writing book.

Question 5 (8 marks)Translate the following extract into ENGLISH. The translation should be written on alternate lines.

a) 'Turne, per has ego te lacrimas, per si quis Amatae

tangit honos animum: spes tu nunc una, senectae

tu requies miserae, decus imperiumque Latini

te penes, in te omnis domus inclinata recumbit.

unum oro: desiste manum committere Teucris.

qui te cumque manent isto certamine casus

et me, Turne, manent; simul haec invisa relinquam

lumina nec generum Aenean captiva videbo.'

(4 marks)

b) Cunctanti telum Aeneas fatale coruscat,

sortitus fortunam oculis, et corpore toto

eminus intorquet. murali concita numquam

tormento sic saxa fremunt nec fulmine tanti

dissultant crepitus. volat atri turbinis instar

exitium dirum hasta ferens orasque recludit

loricae et clipei extremos septemplicis orbis;

per medium stridens transit femur. incidit ictus

ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus.

consurgunt gemitu Rutuli totusque remugit

mons circum et vocem late nemora alta remittunt.

(4 marks)End of Question 5

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Question 6 (7 marks)

Answer Question 6 on the answer sheet provided at the back of this exam paper.Read the extract and, by analysing its grammatical features, answer the questions below.

The words in bold italics are referred to in questions (a) – (g)

adiuro Stygii caput implacabile fontis,una superstitio superis quae reddita divis.et nunc cedo equidem pugnasque exosa relinquo.Illud te, nulla fati quod lege tenetur,pro Latio obtestor, pro maiestate tuorum:cum iam conubiis pacem felicibus (esto)component, cum iam leges et foedera iungent,ne vetus indigenas nomen mutare Latinosneu Troas fieri iubeas Teucrosque vocariaut vocem mutare viros aut vertere vestem.

(a) What best describes adiuro?

A. first person verbB. dative nounC. masculine adjectiveD. positive adverb

(b) With which noun does implacabile agree?

A. StygiiB. caputC. fontisD. superstitio

(c) What case and gender is lege?

A. nominative neuterB. nominative feminineC. ablative neuterD. ablative feminine

(d) Why is conubiis in the ablative case?

A. locationB. instrumentC. meansD. comparison

(e) What part of speech is cum?

A. prepositionB. adverbC. conjunctionD. interjection

(f) Why is iubeas in the subjunctive mood?

A. purpose clauseB. iussiveC. conditional clauseD. potential

(g) Why is vertere in the infinitive mood?

A. prolativeB. indirect statementC. historicD. it’s not

End of Question 6

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Question 7 (10 marks)

Read the extracts and answer Question 7 in your writing booklet. Use the extracts and your knowledge of the text in your answers.

(a) me natam nulli veterum sociare procorum

fas erat, idque omnes divique hominesque canebant.

victus amore tui, cognato sanguine victus

coniugis et maestae lacrimis, vincla omnia rupi;

promissam eripui genero, arma impia sumpsi.

ex illo qui me casus, quae, Turne, sequantur

bella, vides, quantos primus patiare labores.

bis magna victi pugna vix urbe tuemur

spes Italas; recalent nostro Thybrina fluenta

sanguine adhuc campique ingentes ossibus albent.

quo referor totiens? quae mentem insania mutat?

(i) Explain the prophecies referred to in the first two lines of this extract. (2 marks)

(ii) How does Virgil’s language effectively convey Latinus’ grief and regret? (4 marks)

(b) 'Faune, precor, miserere' inquit 'tuque optima ferrum

Terra tene, colui vestros si semper honores,

quos contra Aeneadae bello fecere profanos.'

dixit, opemque dei non cassa in vota vocavit.

namque diu luctans lentoque in stirpe moratus

viribus haud ullis valuit discludere morsus

roboris Aeneas. dum nititur acer et instat,

rursus in aurigae faciem mutata Metisci

procurrit fratrique ensem dea Daunia reddit.

quod Venus audaci nymphae indignata licere

accessit telumque alta ab radice revellit. * 787

(i) Scan line 787 (*) and comment on the significance of ONE metrical feature. (2 marks)

(ii) How are the events described in this extract typical of the role of the gods within Aeneid XII? (2 marks)

End of Question 7

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Question 8 (10 marks)

Read the extract, then answer the question that follows. Use the extract and your knowledge of the text in your answer.

dat gemitum tellus; tum crebros ensibus ictus

congeminant, fors et virtus miscetur in unum.

ac velut ingenti Sila summove Taburno

cum duo conversis inimica in proelia tauri

frontibus incurrunt, pavidi cessere magistri,

stat pecus omne metu mutum, mussantque iuvencae

quis nemori imperitet, quem tota armenta sequantur;

illi inter sese multa vi vulnera miscent

cornuaque obnixi infigunt et sanguine largo

colla armosque lavant, gemitu nemus omne remugit:

non aliter Tros Aeneas et Daunius heros

concurrunt clipeis, ingens fragor aethera complet.

Iuppiter ipse duas aequato examine lances

sustinet et fata imponit diversa duorum,

quem damnet labor et quo vergat pondere letum.

Emicat hic impune putans et corpore toto

alte sublatum consurgit Turnus in ensem

et ferit; exclamant Troes trepidique Latini,

arrectaeque amborum acies.

Evaluate the effectiveness of Virgil’s language, style and narrative technique in this extract.(10 marks)

End of Section II

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Section III - Unseen Texts

Total marks (30)Attempt Questions 9 and 10Allow about 1 hour for this section

Start a new writing booklet.

Question 9 (15 marks)

Read the extract, then answer the questions that follow. The words in the extract in bold italics are referred to in the questions (a) to (e). Dictionary entries for words not listed in the syllabus are provided on page 11.

Venus complains to Neptune about Juno’s hard-heartedness

at Venus interea Neptunum exercita curis

adloquitur talisque effundit pectore questus: 780

'Iunonis gravis ira neque exsaturabile pectus

cogunt me, Neptune, preces descendere in omnis;

quam nec longa dies pietas nec mitigat ulla,

nec Iovis imperio fatisque infracta quiescit.

non media de gente Phrygum exedisse nefandis 785

urbem odiis satis est nec poenam traxe per omnem

reliquias Troiae: cineres atque ossa peremptae

insequitur. causas tanti sciat illa furoris.

Virgil, Aeneid V.779 - 788

a) With which noun does talis (780) agree? (1 mark)

b) What is the case and number of the relative pronoun quam (783)? (1 mark)

c) Why is Phrygum (785) in the genitive case? (1 mark)

d) What tense is the infinitive exedisse (785)? (1 mark)

e) With which word does peremptae (787) agree? (1 mark)

f) Translate this extract. The translation should be written on alternate lines. (10 marks)

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Vocabulary

exedo -ere exedi exesus (3) to consume , devour

exerceo -ere -ui -itus (2) to harass, trouble

exsaturabilis (3 adj.) able to satisified

infringo -ere infregi infractus (3) to weaken, bend

mitigo –are –avi –atus (1) to make soft, soothe, mitigate

nefandus -a -um (adj) wicked, abominable

perimo -ere peremi peremptus (3) to destroy

Phryges (n. 3m. pl.) the Phrygians, Trojans

questus (n. 4m) complaint

reliquiae (n. f.pl.) remainder, survivors

traxe (v) contraction of traxisse

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Question 10 (15 marks)Read the extract, then answer the questions that follow. Words in bold italics are referred to in questions (a) to (e). Dictionary entries for words not listed in the syllabus are provided below.

Soldiers used to have to support themselves as well as being in military service, but now, despite being away from home longer, they are glad that the State provides them with an income.

moleste antea ferebat miles se suo sumptu operam rei publicae praebere;

gaudebat idem partem anni se agrum suum colere, quaerere unde domi

militiaeque se ac suos tueri posset: gaudet nunc fructui sibi rem publicam esse,

et laetus stipendium accipit; aequo igitur animo patiatur se ab domo ab re

familiari, cui gravis impensa non est, paulo diutius abesse. an si ad calculos

eum res publica vocet, non merito dicat: "annua aera habes, annuam operam

ede: an tu aequum censes militia semestri solidum te stipendium accipere?"

Livy, ab urbe condita V.4

a) Identify the type of clause/structure beginning with se (line 1). (1 mark)

b) What part of speech is idem (line 2)? (1 mark)

c) What case are the words domi (line 2) and militiae (line 3)? (1 mark)

d) What case are the words fructui and sibi (line 6)? (1 mark)

e) With which word does semestri (line 7) agree? (1 mark)

f) Translate this extract. The translation should be written on alternate lines. (10 marks)

Vocabulary:

aes aeris (n. 3n) bronze, coins, money

calculus (n. 2m.) a strict reckoning, calculation

censeo -ere censui census (2) to judge, estimate, think

edo -ere edidi editus (3) to give forth

fructus (n. 4m) enjoyment, produce, fruit, income

impensa (n. 1f.) expense

merito (adv.) deservedly

militia (n. 1f) military service

moleste (adv) annoyingly

semestris (3 adj.) of six months

stipendium (n. 2n) contribution, payment, salary

sumptus (n. 4m) expense, cost

End of Paper

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Some Answers

Question 2

(a) What form of verb is experiendam?A. gerundB. gerundiveC. infinitiveD. participle

(b) Why is Ardeam accusative?A. direct objectB. dependant on a prepositionC. duration of timeD. accusative of motion

(c) Which noun is the subject of duxit?A. GallosB. urbeC. fortunaD. Camillus

(d) Why is essent subjunctive?A. indirect questionB. deliberative questionC. indirect commandD. clause of fear/danger

(e) What case and number is bella?A. nominative singularB. ablative singularC. nominative pluralD. accusative plural

(f) What best describes felicius?A. 4th declension nounB. masculine adjectiveC. comparative adverbD. singular genitive

(g) Why is adventare an infinitive?A. prolativeB. indirect statementC. historicD. it’s not

Question 6

(a) What best describes adiuro?A. first person verbB. dative nounC. masculine adjectiveD. positive adverb

(b) What does implacabile agree with?A. StygiiB. caputC. fontisD. superstitio

(c) What case and gender is lege?A. nominative neuterB. nominative feminineC. ablative neuterD. ablative feminine

(d) Why is conubiis in the ablative case?A. locationB. instrumentC. meansD. comparison

(e) What part of speech is cum?A. prepositionB. adverbC. conjunctionD. interjection

(f) Why is iubeas subjunctive?A. purpose clauseB. iussiveC. conditional clauseD. potential

(g) Why is vertere in the infinitive mood?A. prolativeB. indirect statementC. historicD. it’s not

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Question 9a) With which noun does talis (780) agree? questus (acc, masc, pl)b) What is case and number of the relative pronoun quam (783)? acc, sgc) Why is Phrygum (785) in the genitive case? possessive/partitived) What tense is the infinitive exedisse (785)? perfecte) With which word does peremptae (787) agree? urbem/Troiaef) Translate this extract.

But meanwhile (at… interea) Venus, troubled by her cares (exercita curis), addresses Neptune (Neptunum… adloquitur), and pours out such complaints (talis que effundit… questus) from her heart (pectore): ‘The heavy anger of Juno (Iunonis gravis ira) and her insatiable heart (neque exsaturabile pectus) force me (cogunt me), Neptune, to come down (descendere) into all prayers (preces… in omnes); neither the long day (nec longa dies), nor any righteousness (pietas nec… ulla) can soothe her (quam… mitigat), nor does she rest (nec… quiescit), softened (infracta) by the power of Jupiter (Iovis imperio) or by the fates (fatisque). It is not enough (non… satis est) that with her wicked hatred (nefandis… odiis) she has consumed the city (exedisse… urbem) from the middle of the race of Phrygians (media de gente Phrygum), nor that she has dragged (nec… traxe) the remnants of Troy (reliquias Troiae) through every punishment (poenam… per omnem): she pursues the ashes and the bones (cineres atque ossa… insequitur) of that destroyed city (peremptae). She [alone] knows (sciat illa) the causes of such great madness (causas tanti… furoris).’

Question 10a) Identify the type of clause/structure beginning with se (l.1). indirect statementb) What part of speech is idem (l.2)? pronounc) What case are the words domi (l.2) and militiae (l.3)? locatived) What case are the words fructui and sibi (l.6)? predicative/double dativee) With which word does semestri (l.7) agree? militiaf) Translate this extract.

Previously (antea), a soldier would find it annoying (moleste… ferebat miles) that he provided work (se… operam… praebere) for the republic (rei publicae) at his own cost (suo sumptu); that same man would be glad (gaudebat idem) that for part of the year (partem anni) he could tend (se… colere) his own field (agrum suum), from where he could (unde… posset) look for something (quaerere) and protect himself and his family (se ac suos tueri) both at home and on military service (domi militiaeque); now he is glad (nunc gaudet) that the republic is (rem publicam esse) of benefit to himself (fructui sibi) and happily accepts his pay (et laetus stipendium accipit); and so (igitur), let him suffer (patiatur) with a fair mind (aequo… animo), that he is away (se… abesse) from home and from his family(ab domo ab re familiari), for whom (cui) this is not a heavy burden(gravis impensa non est), for a little longer (paulo diutius). Or if (an si) the republic were to call on him (eum res publica vocet) for a calculation (ad calculos), would she not deservedly say (non merito dicat) ‘You have a year’s pay (annua aera habes), give me a year’s work (annuam operam ede): or do you think it fair (an tu aequum censes) that for half a year’s service (militia semestri) you receive (te… accipere) an entire salary (solidum… stipendium)?’

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