ssush26a thru d political and social changes of the...
TRANSCRIPT
SSUSH26A thru D
Political and Social Changes of the 70’s to the 80’s
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
New Conservatism
• Rise of Conservatism occurred due to two key issues stemming from the rise of Communism:
Concerns over poor economic policies that allowed communism to spread Concerns over the struggle between good and evil due to decline in morality
• Liberals believed the Government:
should regulate economy to protect Americans for Corporations
should help poor disadvantaged
Americans through Social Programs should avoid regulating social
behavior (Free Speech & Privacy) Should not promote or control
Religious issues
• Conservatives believed Government:
controlled economy was less efficient than Free Market System
increased taxation of the wealthy to
support the poor hurt the economy police powers were needed to
control social unrest and crime support of Religious activities was
essential to maintaining society
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
New Conservatism
• 1955: William F. Buckley helped promote the revival of Conservatism by starting a new magazine called the National Review
He also spread conservative ideologies by speaking on the radio and at college campuses
He helped established a young political group called the Young Americans for Freedom
• 1964: New Conservatives help Barry Goldwater gain the Republican nomination for the presidential elections
He was defeated easily by President Lyndon B. Johnson
• New Conservatives had a problem with being divided between the South and the West
Southern Conservatives had traditionally been Democrats since the Reconstruction
Western Conservatives were traditionally Republicans
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
New Conservatism
• Declining industrial North became known as the Rustbelt
Increased Unemployment
Polluted and Congested cities
Wanted help from the Govt.
• The South became known as the Sunbelt
Resented rising taxes
Angry over Civil Rights Issues
Wanted less Govt. regulations on business and agriculture
• Westerners staged a Sagebrush Rebellion
Resented controls on Ranching/Farming
Concerns over using Natural Resources
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
New Conservatism
• Soaring crime and urban riots caused many Americans to move to the suburbs
1970’s: Rapid Inflation hit the Middle Class hard
Resentment of High Taxes to pay for Government Programs
• Conservative Activists in California:
Howard Jarvis
Promoted Proposition 13
Reducing Property Taxes
Ultimately hurting public funding
• Americans also became concerned over social changes in morality
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Religious Developments
1962: Engle vs Vitale Made it unconstitutional to have Prayer in Schools
1973: Roe vs Wade made abortion constitutionally legal
1972-1982: Equal Rights Amendment was an assault on American Family Values
• Conservative Protestant Evangelists began a movement to counter the shocking changes in America’s social norms.
Televangelists like Billy Graham and Oral Roberts built up large nationwide audiences
Televangelist Jerry Falwell used his show to create a movement he called the Moral Majority
• Together, New Conservatives created a new coalition of voters able to make a change in America.
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Life in the 80’s
• The recession of the late 70’s and early 80’s gave way to new prosperity.
1980’s = The Decade of Indulgence
Young Urban professionals = Yuppies
• New Technology was also transforming American Society
Cassette Tapes and Sony Walkman made music portable
Video Cassette Recorders and Players allowed people to watch movies at home
Cable and Satellite television provided dozens of new stations to choose from
Television stations became specialized by topic and audience
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Life in the 80’s
• Cable News Network became the first all new network
1985: Larry King Live became the first call-in television talk show
• Phil Donahue and Oprah Winfrey rivaled each other as television talk-show hosts
• Music and technology merged to create Music-Television with music videos and more
• 1978-1986: Age of the Video Arcades
• 1983-1995: Age of the Home Video Console
Popular games included:
Pac Man Galaga Donkey
Kong Space
Invaders
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Social Issues
• The 80’s became an age when many social problems plagued Americans
Drug used continued to grow from the 1960’s to the 1980’s
Crime rates increased along with substance abuse
First lady, Nancy Reagan, started a “Just Say No” campaign to discourage America’s youth from getting involved with drugs
Alcohol abuse was also a major problem
Alcohol related accidents increased
Grassroots organization called Mothers Against Drunk Driving formed to look for solutions to underage drinking and driving
All states raised the drinking age to 21
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Social Issues
1981: Americans became aware of an epidemic known as AIDS
Spread through bodily fluids
Blood Transfusions Drug Use (Needles) Sexual Partners
Attacks the immune system
Lowers resistance to infections
• AIDS increased focus on America’s Gay and Lesbian community (who were often blamed for the disease)
1969: NY Police raided a nightclub popular to gay men and harassed the patrons
Violence erupted into the Stonewall Riot (named after the nightclub)
The Gay Liberation Front was formed to promote tolerance of Gay and Lesbian lifestyles in America
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Social Issues
• During the 80’s, Rock Musicians were targeted and criticized as promoters of drug use and negative behavior
1985: Many musicians, actors, and artists joined together to bring attention to problems in America and around the world
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
New Era in Space
• 1981: NASA initiated its new Space Shuttle program by launching the shuttle Columbia
• 1983: Sally Ride became the first American female to go into space on the shuttle
• 1986: Two women and 5 other crewmen died when the space shuttle Challenger exploded during takeoff
• 1988-2002: NASA completed 87 successful shuttle missions
• 1990: NASA put the Hubble telescope orbit around the world
• 1998-2002: NASA completed building the new Space Station
• 2003: Shuttle Columbia disaster during re-entry ended the shuttle program
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Technological Revolution
• Silicon Valley in California became the birthplace of the Personal Computer
1959: Robert Noyce created the first integrated circuit on a silicon chip
1968: Robert Noyce and his partner Gordon Moore formed Intel
1976: Stephen Woznick and Steven Jobs formed Apple Computers
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Technological Revolution
• Intense competition began:
1981: IBM introduced it own compact machine called the Personal Computer to rival Apple
1984: Apple responded with the new Macintosh personal computer
1975-1985: Meanwhile, 19 year old Harvard dropout, Bill Gates, founded Microsoft PC software company
1985: Microsoft Windows was introduced
• Digital electronic also made it possible to create a world wide communications system
Initially designed for the Defense Department
Political and Social Change from the 1970’s to the 1980’s
Technological Revolution
1969: Computer network system was first set up linking government agencies
1985: Several Supercomputers were funded and built across the nation
1989-2010: The Internet and World Wide Web was established
• Computers greatly assisted scientists engaged in biotechnology
1959: Molecular Biologists deciphered the structure of DNA
1990: The internet allowed them to share Human Genome data with scientist around the world
2001: First Human DNA mapping was completed
2004: DNA mapping was first used in a successful criminal court case