SS7H2b

Explain the historical reasons for the establishment of the modern State of Israel in 1948; include

the Jewish religious connection to the land, the Holocaust, anti-

Semitism, and Zionism in Europe.

Concepts:Conflict Creates Change

Conflict ResolutionMovement

Vocabulary Words To Know

Anti-Semitism Balfour

Declaration Holocaust Law of Return

Palestine State of Israel United

Nations Zionism

ZIONISM•movement to create a Jewish state (country) in the Arab lands of Palestine in the Middle East region.

BALFOUR DECLARATION

•statement issued by the British government in 1917 in favor of a Jewish state located in Palestine

Balfour Declaration in 1917

"His Majesty's Government view with favour the

establishment in Palestine of a national home for the

Jewish people...”- James Balfour

The movement to return Jews to their ancient

homeland in the Middle East is known as

ZIONISM

PALESTINE—a religious connection

for Jews• Region of land claimed by the Arab

Palestinians as their homeland for many centuries; HOWEVER, the Jews have what they claim as the original religious connection to the land.

• Region important to Jews, Christians, and Muslims because this is where much of what is written in the Old Testament, the New Testament, and the Qur’an took place. There are many religious sites in Palestine sacred to all three religions. The most important of these is Jerusalem.

1920 Mandate for Jewish Palestine

1922 Mandate for Jewish Palestine and Arab Palestine

ANTI-SEMITISM• prejudice (dislike for a group of people) • discrimination (unfair treatment of a

group of people)

• Dislike, unfair treatment, and hostility toward Jews (people belonging to the Jewish ethnic group and believing in Judaism)

Anti-Semitism

HOLOCAUST•the systematic plan by German leader Adolph Hitler and his Nazi Party to murder all Jews prior and during World War II in Germany and Poland – planned genocide

Hilter and the Holocaust

Holocaust during 1940s WWII

Anti-Semitism to Genocide

“We…shall be compelled to destroy a third of the population in the adjacent lands. We can achieve this by systematic undernourishment which in the end gives a better result than machine guns do. Physically breaking them will be more effective especially among the young.” —German Officer Gerd Von Rundstedt, 1942

Photo: Holocaust Museum

Conflict and Change

• What types or examples of conflict can you brainstorm that had to do with Anti-Semitism, the Holocaust, and

World War II?

• What types or examples of change resulted from these conflicts?

UNITED NATIONS

•an international organization composed of most of the countries of the world. It was founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and economic development.

STATE OF ISRAEL

• In 1947, the United Nations approved the partition of Palestine into two states, one Jewish and one Arab.

• On May 14, 1948 the state of Israel declared independence and this was followed by a war with the surrounding Arab states, which refused to accept the UN plan.

BEFORE and AFTER

LAW OF RETURN

•states that Jews anywhere in the world can immigrate to Israel and become citizens

Jewish Migration Over Time