sri lanka experience-jeeva

8/10/2019 Sri Lanka Experience-Jeeva

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Sri Lanka Experience on

Achievement of MillenniumDevelopment Goals

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Millennium Development Goals

Goal 1

Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Goal 2 Achieve universal primary education

Goal 3 Promote gender equality and empower women

Goal 4 Reduce child mortality

Goal 5 Improve maternal health

Goal 6 Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases

Goal 7 Ensure environmental sustainability

Goal 8 Develop a global partnership for development

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Goal 1Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger

Sri Lanka is on Track Made significant progress in poverty

reduction.

Proportion of people living below the povertyline sharply declined

from 26.1 % in 1990/2001

to 8.9 % in 2009/2010 On current trends, 13.1 % is likely to be

achieved much ahead of 2015.

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cont

In spite of favourable progress at nationallevel, there are considerable regional

disparities.

Incidence of poverty has declined in all

districts except in Nuwara Eliya and

Moneragala where poverty Head Count Index

is more than double national average.

Poverty in estate sector risen by more than 55

% points in 1990/91-2006/07, contrary to

general trend of steadily declining poverty.10/2/2013 4


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cont

Varied pace of poverty reduction and

disparities that exists in Sri Lanka is likely to

be linked to various physical and non-physical

inequalities that prevail among different

regions.

Sri Lanka could do better in achieving the

targets under Goal 1

If fruits of growth are extended to beyond theWestern province, and

through better targeting of welfare programmes,

and suitable strategies to reduce inequality.10/2/2013 5


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Goal 2Achieve universal primary education

Sri Lanka is on track

97.5 % primary enrolment rate nearinguniversal primary school enrolment

Proportion of pupils starting Grade 1 reachGrade 5 has increased to almost 100 % in

2006/07.

This achievement is reflected in the youthliteracy rate in the country.

Literacy level of 15-24 year olds in all regionshas also increased during 2003-2006/07;

it has crossed 95 % sectors and for both males

and females.10/2/2013 6


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Goal 2Achieve universal primary

education cont..

As Sri Lanka done well in providing universal

access to basic education,

Now the focus should be on improving the

quality of education and

Improving educational outcomes in the remote

areas and in the post-conflict areas.

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Goal 3Promote gender equality and

empower women

Sri Lanka has almost reached gender parity in

primary education with the ratio of girls to

boys in primary education reaching 99 % in

2006.

In secondary and tertiary education, the

proportion of girls to boys exceeds 100 %

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empower womencont..

However only a marginal increase in share of

women in wage employment in

non-agricultural sector from 30.8 % in 1993 to

32.2 %in 2006.

And rate of unemployment for women is twice

the rate for men.

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empower womencont..

Proportion of female members in National

Parliament still very low even though it has

increased from 3 % in 1947 to only 5.8 %at

present.

In order to enhance level of empowerment of

women need to encourage more women

representation in the political system

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Goal 4Reduce child mortality

Sri Lanka extraordinarily successful in reducingchild mortality over the last half century.

Its infant mortality rate became remarkably low

as compared to most developing countries and

there have also been sharp reductions in theunder-5 mortality rate.

Hence, the 2015 MDG mortality targets are wellwithin reach.

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Goal 4Reduce child mortality- cont..

Success in reducing child mortality is matched bynear universal immunization coverage for measlesand several other communicable diseases.

Mothers educational attainment has also played avital role on survival of children in their earlyyears of life

According MDG country report 2008 there is apositive correlation between infant deaths andmothers age, and her educational attainment.

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Goal 5Improve maternal health

Sri Lanka has consistently achieved considerablesuccess in reducing the Maternal Mortality Ratio.

With near-universal access to health care, and 98 %institutional deliveries, the country is on track to meetthe MDG on improving maternal health.

For further improvement, access to family planning andantenatal care are critical in reducing maternalmortality and morbidity.

However, the contraceptive prevalence rate which isone of the common indicators to monitor the use offamily planning has only shown a slight increase from66 per cent to 68 per cent between 1993 and 2006/07.

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Goal 6Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria

and other diseases

Sri Lanka remains as one of the few countriesin the region with a low-level HIV epidemic.

According to MDG country report 2008/09, acumulative total of 1,029 persons have beendetected with HIV infection, and 266 persons

with AIDS.

More than 60 % of reported HIV infections in2006 were in the Western province.

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and other diseasescont..

Country is still vulnerable to development of

concentrated HIV epidemic due to high-risk

behavioral patterns and networks.

And only about one-third of population aged

15-24 years possesses comprehensive

knowledge about HIV infection.

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Even though spread of Malaria occurs in most

parts of the country, overall Malaria situation

in Sri Lanka is improving significantly.

There were no severe cases or deaths from

Malaria in 2006, though a total of 591 cases of

Malaria were reported.

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As Sri Lanka currently has an effectiveresponse to the tuberculosis epidemic, therehas been a significant decline in the incidence

of tuberculosis.

Sri Lanka may be unlikely to achieve the target

of halving the incidence and death rate due totuberculosis, unless it launches a specialprogramme to reduce the incidence oftuberculosis.

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Goal 7Ensure environmental sustainability

Sri Lankas forest coverage and CO2 emissions

situation has deteriorated steadily over time.

By the year 2005 the forest coverage has come down

to less than 30 % of the total land area

Per capita CO2 emission per year has increased from0.20 MT to 0.64 MT between 1990 and 2005.

Positive changes;

Consumption of ozone-depleting substances in Sri

Lanka has been gradually declining

Ratio of area protected to maintain biological diversity

to surface area has increased from 15.5 in 1990 to 17.2

in 2005.10/2/2013 19


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Goal 7Ensure environmental sustainability

In terms of access to improved drinking water andsanitation, nearly 85 % of households have access to

an improved drinking water source, and 94 % of

households to improved sanitation in 2006/07.

These already exceed the MDG targets of the country. However, there are still large disparities across the

sectors.

In rural areas access to improved water source dropsto 85 %, whereas in the estate sector less than three in

five households have similar access.

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Goal 8Develop a global partnership for

development

ODA works is one of sources to achieve MDGs in a

developing country.

Amount of ODA received by Sri Lanka as a % of

GNI declined from 5 % in 1992 to 3 % in 2005. Besides, the allocation of aid for the trade sector

remained minimal and allocation for agriculture

sector declined, even though these two sub-sectors

are important

and need more attention in order to create the

enabling environment for Sri Lanka to achieve the

first seven MDGs.10/2/2013 21


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Goal 8Develop a global partnership for

developmentcont..

There has been a rapid increase in access totelecommunication services in Sri Lanka since 1999.

% of households with personal computers has morethan doubled from 3.8 % in 2004 to 8.2 % in 2006/07.

Again disparity across the sectors is significant.

While 17.8 % of the urban households own acomputer, only 6.9 % and 1.1 % own computers inthe rural and estate sectors respectively

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