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Kanchana Thudugala Programme Head, eServices Re-Engineering Government Programme, ICTA kanchanat@icta.lk

Sri Lanka Enhancing the Role of ICTs for Disaster

Risk Management

Workshop on ICT for Promoting Inclusive and Disaster Resilient Development

Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

ICT Agency of Sri Lanka (ICTA)

ICTA – Information and Communication Technology Agency of Sri Lanka

Vision : “Take dividends of ICT to every village, to every citizen to every business & re-engineer the way government thinks & works” PEACE

e-Society

Information

Infrastructure

ICT Policy,

Leadership &

Institutional

Development

ICT Investment

& Private Sector

DevelopmentICT Human

Resources

Capacity

Building

Re-engineering

Government

EQUITYGROW

TH

PEACE

e-Society

Information

Infrastructure

ICT Policy,

Leadership &

Institutional

Development

ICT Investment

& Private Sector

DevelopmentICT Human

Resources

Capacity

Building

Re-engineering

Government

e-Society

Information

Infrastructure

ICT Policy,

Leadership &

Institutional

Development

ICT Investment

& Private Sector

DevelopmentICT Human

Resources

Capacity

Building

e-Society

Information

Infrastructure

ICT Policy,

Leadership &

Institutional

Development

ICT Investment

& Private Sector

Development

e-Society

Information

Infrastructure

ICT Policy,

Leadership &

Institutional

Development

e-Society

Information

Infrastructure

e-Societye-Society

Information

Infrastructure

ICT Policy,

Leadership &

Institutional

Development

ICT Investment

& Private Sector

DevelopmentICT Human

Resources

Capacity

Building

Re-engineering

Government

EQUITYGROW

TH

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Disaster Management Centre

Sri Lanka - Country background

Source: Dr. Lareef, Columbia University

Sri Lanka - Country background

Data Source : DMC

Rainfall

Data Source : DMC

Data Source : DMC

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Floods during the North East Monsoon

Data Source : DMC

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Floods during the South West Monsoon

Data Source : DMC

Landslides

Data Source : DMC

Disaster Occurrences 2014

Impact 2013 2014

Deaths / Missing 140 154

Injured 225 80

Affected Population 574,130 2,702,545

Houses Destroyed 741 5,312

Houses Damaged 10,048 1,9495

Summary of Statistics

Data Source: www.desinventar.lk

Data Source : DMC

We are unable to prevent natural hazards occurring, However, We can prevent it from becoming a disaster, increasingly, by leveraging ICT

Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT

Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT

Near real time Satellite and Airborne

information

Community, Media, Police and Military Authorities,

Disaster Management Authorities

Action

- Emergency Operations - Evacuations - Rescue Operations

Attributes Time ? of Hazard occurrences

Location ? Spatial Component Source (point, line or area)

Area of Impact (line or area)

Can capture large extent spatially; and able to

Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT

Natural Hazard

Near real time Satellite and airborne information

- identify source, - area of impact, and - further development

• Facility to receive near real time satellite imageries is limited

• A regional initiative named “Sentinel Asia” was initiated to overcome this obstacle

Space Agencies Disaster Management Agencies

Natural Hazard

Human Network

Satellite Observation

Data Utilization

Information Provision

Sentinel Asia Concept

Data Source : DMC

• Sentinel Asia Step2 system adopts idea of local mirroring, and will transfer data from Japan Central Sever to local mirrored server via WINDS and Internet.

Central Server

WINDS

High speed communication ~51Mbps (shared by users)

Regional Server and WINDS Antenna has been Re-Installed and tested on Feb 2015

Sentinel Asia – WINDS Implementation

Data Source : DMC

Disaster

Type

Activation

Requested

Observation

Conducted Map Disseminated

Peak Time of

Disaster Result

1 Floods 17th Dec 2009 18 Dec 2009 No map generated 16 Dec 2009

Un successful due

to cloud

2 Floods 17 May 2010 19 May 2010 20 May 2010 18 May 2010 Successful

3 Floods 08 Dec 2010 09 Dec 2010 10 Dec 2010 8-10 Dec 2010 Successful

4 Floods 11 Jan 2011 13 Jan 2011 14 Jan 2011 10-12 Jan 2011 Successful

5 Floods 04 Feb 2011 06 Feb 2011 07 Feb 2011 03-05 Feb 2011 Successful

4 Landslide 01 Nov 2014 02 Nov 2014 Not generated 30 Oct 2014

Observation was

Successful

Results was not

Successful

Summary of Operations

Data Source : DMC

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May 2010 Western Province

Data Source : DMC

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May 2010 Western Province

Data Source : DMC

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10.30 am 06th Feb. 2011 PALSAR 6m 11.45 pm 06th Feb. 2011 PALSAR 100m

Flood February 2011 Eastern Province Sri Lanka

Data Source : DMC

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Near Real Time Rainfall Monitoring

Data Source : DMC

Rainfall Intensity

Data Source:

Near Real Time Rainfall Monitoring

DMC

Rainfall coverage and Intensity 01/02 June 2014

UAV Technology for disaster monitoring

UAVs Allow: Extreme Altitude Flight Continuous flight for hours to days No pilot on board Real-time telemetry capabilities Digital Imaging Sensors

Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT

Early Warning Dissemination

• Department of Meteorology (DOM)

• National Building Research Organization (NBRO)

• Irrigation Department (IRD)

• Coast Conservation Department (CCD)

• National Aquatic Resources Research and Development Agency (NARA)

• Geological Survey & Mines Bureau (GSMB)

• Health Department (Epidemiology Unit)

Technical Agencies involved in issuing warnings

DOM

24/7 Emergency Operation Rooms

District Disaster Mngt. Committee Divisional Disaster Mngt. Committee

Dissemination of Warning

Regional & International Organizations

Multi-Hazards Early Warning Dissemination Unit

of the DMC

Government Agencies, Critical Agencies & Stakeholders

Police

Media & General Public

Military

UN System, INGOs, NGOs

PWTS & JMA NBRO Atomic Energy

Authority

NARA DOI GSMB

Provincial Councils

District Secretariats

Divisional Secretariats

Local Authorities

Police Stations

Hospitals

Government Dpt.

NGOs, CBOs

CCD

Village level DM Committees

Receiving Early Warnings

Speaker Sys. Bells / Sirens Messengers Riders / Cyclers

Radio Comm

Fax

Internet

Satellite com

SLT/ Dialog, SMS

Police Com

Military Com

Cell Broad.

Warning Towers

DEWNS

Radio / TV

Out Puts

Multi-Hazards Warning Dissemination System

Data Source : DMC

Description of information communication technologies

• Conventional methods such as telephone/ fax / mobile phones

fast, low maintenance cost and easy to use. But could beak-down or become ineffective during emergencies due to congestion

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Data Source : DMC

• Multi – Hazard EW Towers

– Fast , reliable, centrally controllable; currently 77 established

– Situated in coastal areas within approximately 50 – 200 m from the sea shore

– Have a covering radius of

1.0 – 1.5 km

– Could control through telephone and satellite

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Data Source : DMC

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Data Source : DMC

• Disaster Early Warning Network (DEWN)

(sponsored and service provided

by telecom service providers)

– Cell broadcasting

– SMS

– DEWN Communication Device

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Data Source : DMC

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LANDSLIDE

WARNING

Public Announcements through Radio, TV (Cyclones, Floods, Landslides)

NBRO

Traditional communication systems in villages

Public Evacuation

• Near Real Time Landslide Early Warning

Data Source : DMC

Disaster Risk Management leveraging ICT

Information sharing among stakeholder

organizations

(Data sharing and collaboration)

Department of Irrigation

National Building Research Organization

Department of Agriculture

Department of Meteorology

Coast Conservation Department

Floods

Landslides

Drought

Cyclone

Lightning

Tsunami

Sea Level Rise

Storm Surge

Coastal Erosion

Components of Hazard Profile

Data Source : DMC

Organization Role in Disaster

Management

Information

Primary Information

Collected

Data Source

Disaster Management

Centre

Warning /

Information

Dissemination up to

local level

Feedback from citizen

on “117”

Disaster occurrences

(www.desinventar.lk)

Crowed sourcing

Manual observation

Department of

Meteorology

Weather forecast

Tsunami Warning

Cyclone Warning

Rain, temperature

and wind speed

measurement

Rain gauges

Weather stations

National Building

Research Organization

Landslide Warning Rain fall Rain gauges

Irrigation Department River Flood Warning River flaw

Rain fall

River gauges

Rain gauges

Mahaweli Authority Reservoir Water

Level Information /

Spill Gate Opening

Reservoir water level Water level sensors

Data Sharing is Important !!!

Data Source : DMC

Best Practices – Hazard Maps

Tsunami Hazard - Batticaloa

National hazard maps for 09 hazards are available at http://www.dmc.gov.lk/hazard/index-2.html

Data Source : DMC

Storm Surge Mannar

Floods Kalu River

Best Practices – Hazard Maps

Data Source : DMC

Buildings might affected by Tsunami

Tsunami Level # Buildings

High 7854

Moderate 4280

Low 3052

52% 28%

20%

Building Exposed to Tsunami

High

Moderate

Low

Total buildings – 32,000 Total tsunami affected buildings – 15,000

Data Source : DMC

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DMC District NBRO

Police

DOI

Media

Intra-government Network

DOM

Community

Information Transfer

Information Transfer Data Analysis

Warning Warning Evacuation

Observation Observation

Early Warning Network

CCD

IRD NARA

Data Source : DMC

476 Government Organizations

Presidential Secretariat

Prime Ministers Office

46 Cabinet Ministries

60 Departments

18 District Secretariats

272 Divisional Secretariats

22 Other GOV Organizations

8 Chief Secretary Officers

32 Provincial Ministries

16 Provincial Departments

Lanka Government network

Under Construction….

www.riskinfo.lk

Geo-Portal for Risk Data Sharing /and Mobile app.

Is this location hazard prone

Data Source : DMC

Thank you.