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ISSUE 58

For more gardening hints & tips, visit www.aboutthegarden.com.aurdening hints & tips, visit www.aboutthegarden.com.au

Spring 2011ISSUE 58

Lavender

Clivias

...and more hints & tips than ever!

Fragrant shrubs

Bush tucker

Grow tomatoes

Passionfruit

Superiorresults

Feeds for 12 months

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About this issue...FeaturesGrowing bush tucker 4Fragrant shrubs make good scents 6Let there be lavender 9 Growing passionfruit 10Tasty tomatoes 18Classy clivias 20Other top shade performers 21Plant clinic: iron chlorosis 22Recipe: lemon myrtle barramundi 23

RegularsSpring 2011 Garden Diary 12Spring 2011 handy hints & tips 14Subscribe to About the Garden 22

Issue 58Spring 2011

Prayer will increase in power and reality as we repudiate all pretense and learn to be utterly honest before God as well as before men. — A. W. Tozer

• Managing Director: Conway Searle• Contributors: Claire Bickle, Noel Burdette, Frida Forsberg, Alana Searle and Ashley Searle• Magazine Manager: Alana Searle• Design & Layout: Frida Forsberg — ATG Graphics Dept.• ATG Group Co-ordinator & Advertising: Jason Searle• Front Cover Photography: French lavender (Lavender alliardii) by Noel Burdette

About the Garden is published seasonally byAbout the Garden Pty. Ltd. ABN 21 076 919 9924914 D’Aguilar Highway, Kilcoy or P.O. Box 70, Kilcoy Qld. 4515Phone: (07) 5422 3090 • Fax: (07) 5497 2287Email: atg@aboutthegarden.com.au

The material appearing in About the Garden is subject to copyright. Other than as permitted by the Copyright Act, no part of this magazine may be reproduced without the permission of the publishers. No responsibility is accepted by About the Garden Pty. Ltd. for the accuracy of information contained in the text, illustrations or advertisements. Although believed to be accurately and correctly sourced, thereof disclaims any liability against itself, editor/s or employees arising from any person acting on the material herein. The opinions expressed in the magazine, or by contributors, do not necessarily represent the views of the publisher. ©Copyright 2011 About the Garden Pty. Ltd.

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Spring has sprung! Sumptuous fragrant plants and edible gardens are the highlight in this issue and there’s no end of inspiration in our new extended hints and tips section. Spring is when it’s

easy to make your garden look great, so get outside and enjoy! God bless... Con Searle

lemon myrtle Lemon myrtle closeup with fl owers.

roseleaf raspberry

and pestle. This way they can be added to recipes without having to be strained off later. If using them fresh, the foliage releases fl avour more readily if infused in hot water fi rst. Lemon myrtle leaves can be picked straight off the bush and put in a cup of boiling water for a refreshing tea. Add a slice lemon or a teaspoon of honey.

Roseleaf raspberry(Rubus rosifl orus)

There are several species of native raspberries and some are tastier than others. Also known as the Atherton raspberry, I should point out that Rubus rosifl orus should not be expected to

Lemon Scented Myrtle(Backhousia citriodora)

Lemon scented myrtle is one of the most valuable, versatile and loved bush tucker plants in Australia. A native to South East Queensland and Northern New South Wales dry rainforest edges, the lemon myrtle will grow happily and easily in full sun or part shade. During summer, this large shrub or small tree is adorned with fl uffy, cream-coloured fl owers. The leaves are the world’s most concentrated, naturally-occurring source of citral (a lemon fragrance found in lemongrass and other lemon-scented plants), which gives them their irresistibly delicious, lemony fragrance. Lemon myrtle leaves can be used either fresh or dried in teas, cakes, biscuits, desserts, sauces, savoury dishes, fi sh dishes and dressings.Growing to around 6m in full sun and 15m in the rainforest, this attractive tree can be easily grown in a large pot. In cool climates, its growth tends to remain compact. Protect it from frosts.The lemon myrtle has a couple of close relatives that are also widely sought after for their aromatic and culinary uses; aniseed myrtle (Syzygium anisatum), for its aniseed fl avoured foliage and

cinnamon myrtle (Backhousia

myrtifolia), for its sweet, spicy scented foliage. The leaves of any of these plants can be used fresh or dried. When using them dried, grind them up with a mortar

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Bush tucker plants are the new vogue in Australian cuisine — a few species have even skyrocketed to worldwide fame. There are possibly thousands of edible plants in Australia and each state and climate zone has its own endemic species. Here are some of the more popular and accessible of our indigenous edibles and how to grow them in your home garden.

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Growing

To make grevillea fl owersinto a delicious cordial

Take a cup of grevillea fl owers and steep in two cups of hot water until cool, remove fl owers, add the juice of half a lemon and chill to serve. Because of their high levels of nectar, the Aboriginies used to suck the fl owers as a sweet treat.

Other great bush tucker plants

Other bush tucker plants that can be grown in home gardens are

macadamia nut, aniseed myrtle, hibiscus rosella, warrigal greens, native mint, cinnamon myrtle, Burdekin plum,

native ginger, peanut tree, wattles, bush tomato, pigface, midyum berry,

blue quandong, bunya nut, lemon aspen, brown plum pine, desert lime,

dianella lily, mountain pepper.

bush tucker

This slicedDavidson’splum shows its brightred fl esh

Lilly pilliesMost of these

shrubs and trees bear edible pink,

red or purple berries that can be made into a sauce, jam or jelly. I have

found Syzygium luehmannii andS. oleosum are

best for this.

WattleThe seeds of our native fl oral emblem can be used in cooking. The fl owers can also be added to pikelet or

pancake mixture for a delightful, ‘Australian’ twist.

carry the same intense fl avour of European raspberries. None the less, the roseleaf raspberry is edible and sweet. I have found it is best for making jams. It is a favourite amongst children, especially when fully ripe. Chickens are also partial to the odd raspberry or two.The Roseleaf raspberry is a suckering shrub up to 1.5m tall. If undisturbed, it will only sucker in its direct location. If the roots are disturbed or dug up anywhere nearby, you may fi nd unwanted plants popping up from root suckers. If this is a concern to you, it will happily grow and fruit in a large tub. Give it full sun to part shade. Native to Australia’s east coast, Rubus rosifl orus has beautiful, delicate white fl owers several times per year; the bright red fruit then follows. Other native raspberries of interest are Rubus moorei, Rubus fraxinifolius and Rubus moluccanus.

Finger Lime(Citrus australasica)

The fi nger lime is one of many limes native to Australia. It is found naturally on rainforest edges and grows to around 4-6m in height. The bush is extremely prickly, so it’s a good intruder deterrent when planted close to windows or as a boundary hedge — but avoid planting it near walkways or children’s play areas. All native limes prefer a free draining soil with a slightly

acidic pH of around 5.5 to 6.5. If drainage is a problem, the fi nger lime will happily grow in a large container. The juice of the fi nger lime is held inside hundreds of tiny round, cellular structures inside the fruit. These tiny balls become pressurised when the fruit is ripe, at which point they will spill out of the fruit if it is cut open. The fl esh and skin of the fi nger lime is strong in fl avour. The fl esh is very refreshing when used in fresh juices, punches or even a glass of champagne. The fruit looks like caviar balls and is very attractive bobbing around in the glass. This fl esh is commonly pale green in colour but there is also a named cultivar called ‘Rainforest Pearl’ that has exquisite, pale pink fl esh. Finger lime can be used in sauces, jams, marmalades, savoury salads, and Thai cuisine — just about anything you would use traditional limes for, and more. It is excellent as a garnish and makes a fantastic accompaniment to fi sh and poultry dishes. Other native limes of interest are the round lime (C. australis) and desert lime (C. glauca).

Davidson’s Plum(Davidsonia pruriens var. pruriens)

There are several species of Davidson’s plum.Davidsonia pruriens var. pruriens from northern New South Wales and north Queensland rainforests is the best-known species. The

D. jerseyana species from northern New South Wales is also popular and is said to have particularly good fruit.Davidson’s plum has dark purple, almost black skin and contains a vibrant, cerise-red fl esh. Although basically pleasant-tasting, these plums can cause some rather interesting screwed up facial expressions when eaten raw straight off the tree, due to their rather tart and acidic fl esh. Most people prefer to cook Davidson’s plums into a sauce that can be used in savoury or sweet dishes, or preserve them in the form of a tasty jam, jelly or wine.The Davidson’s plum, which sadly is becoming scarce in

its native habitats, is a slender tree, growing around 6-8m tall. The frond-like leaves are hairy and somewhat prickly and the new growth is a brilliant pink. Davidson’s plum prefers warmer climate zones but will tolerate cooler regions if protected from frost. The fruit appears in large clusters that hang down the tree after the delicate mauve fl owers have blossomed in summer. They then ripen throughout the autumn and winter. Being a native rainforest tree, the Davidson’s plum is best grown in a sheltered, part shaded position in the garden with ample moisture and protection from damaging winds.

Finger limes

Davidson’s plum

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You will need...

Look out for our yummy lemon myrtle barramundi recipe on page 23! 5

Aromatherapists can’t be all wrong when they tell us fragrance can relieve stress, promote good health and create a sense of general well-being. With this selection of beautiful, yet hardy fragrant shrubs, it’s easy to bring that extra level of delight to our gardens. Plant a few today and give your garden a breath of sweet air.

Brunfelsia (Brunfelsia latifolia)This is a medium shrub that fl owers from late winter to early summer. Also known as Yesterday, Today & Tomorrow, it bears masses of deep violet-coloured blooms that fade with age to lavender and then white, giving a three toned effect. Growing about 2 metres high, it can be softly pruned into a dome shape or used as a fl owering hedge or screen. The soft perfume, most potent in the morning and mid to late afternoon, is reminiscent of violets and roses. Very dependable and long-lived, it is affected by few pests or diseases. Brunfelsia is deciduous in cooler zones but bursts into life with renewed vigour in the spring. In cooler areas, it can fl ower later and often repeat fl owers through summer.

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make good

scentsAromatherapists can’t be all wrong when they tell us fragrance can relieve stress, promote good health and create a sense of general well-being. With this selection of beautiful, yethardy fragrant shrubs, it’s easy tobring that extra level of delight to our gardens. Plant a few today and give your garden a breath of sweet air.

Brunfelsia (Brunfelsia latifolia)aThis is a medium shrub that fl owers fromlate winter to early summer Also known

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Fragrantshrubs

gardenia ‘My Love’ brunfelsia magnolia ‘Bubbles’ magnolia ‘Coco’port wine magnolia

Gardenia ‘Florida’

Jasmine sambac (Jasmine nitidum)

This white fl owering beauty is something of a well-kept secret. This low shrub has all the virtues of true jasmines, including a sweet fragrance. Its multiple clusters of double white fl owers resemble miniature camellias or roses. The blooms appear sporadically throughout the year and permeate the air with their sweet fragrance. Although often sold as a climber, this plant is better kept as a small, rounded shrub with regular tip pruning. An undemanding plant, it enjoys full sun or light shade, making it a good choice for planting under large trees. Varieties such as Grand Duke of Tuscany and Chinese Emperor have fully double blooms with a pinkish tint. The lesser known ‘Chinese Empress’ has semi-double, equally perfumed blooms. This is a small growing plant, 60-70cm tall which suits pots and small garden spaces such as courtyards, patios

or balconies.

perfume, most potent in the morning and mid to late afternoon is reminiscent of

ndable and

• Up to 70cm tallmid to late afternoon, is remviolets and roses Very depen

• Warm temperate to subtropical

cood

• Full sun to light shade

ten repeat fl owers

zones but bursts into life with renewed vigour in the spring. In cooler areas, it

• Neutral soil

can fl ower later and oftvigour in the spring. In c

• Water & mulch to keep evenly moist

through summer.through summer• Drought tolerant once established

ew pestsndable

tlong-lived, it is affected by feviolets and roses. Very depenl li d it i ff t d b f pdiseases. Brunfelsia is deciduous in c

b t b t i t lif ith

g ydiseases Brunfelsia is decidu• FFuullll ssuunn ttoo lliigghhtt sshhaaddeezones but bursts into life with renewe• Neutral soil

climates (Sydney & north)

Azalea, Camellia & Gardenia Soluble Plant Food applied every fortnight will usually prevent such problems and maintain general vigour. The crisp, white gardenia blooms appear freely both in mid spring and autumn. The most popular gardenia is ‘Florida’ which only grows about 1 metre tall and spot fl owers throughout the year.

• Up to 2m tall (depending on variety)• Full sun to light shade • Acidic to neutral soil. Keep evenly

moist.• All climates.• Apply Searles Kickalong Azalea,

Camellia & Gardenia Plant Food every 3 months.

• Up to 3m tall• Prefers good drainage but tolerates

drought and heavy, moisture retentive soils.

• Subtropical to temperate (deciduous in cooler areas). Dislikes frost.

• Full sun to part shade.• Water regularly until established, then

non-reliant on additional watering.

Magnolia fi goOnce formally known as Michelia fi go, Magnolia fi go is an amazing shrub, now offi cially regarded and grouped botanically as a magnolia. Magnolia fi go fl owers from mid winter to early spring with delightful, cream to buff pink fl owers that have a rich, fruity fragrance. Because of this, the Magnolia fi go is commonly named the ‘banana bush’ or ‘Port wine magnolia’. It produces maroon-coloured, miniature magnolia-like blooms and is great for hedges and screens. The fl owers are borne inside the plant, so are unlikely to be removed with pruning. Although it doesn’t have as highly visible fl owers as some of its relatives, the fragrance of just one bush in fl ower can pervade an entire courtyard or small garden in an evening or early morning. Other great cultivars of michelia (magnolia) include M ‘Coco’, M. ‘Bubbles’, M. ‘Mixed up Miss’ and the lesser known M. Yunnanensis, M. Alba or M. Champaca. All of these varieties produce larger, more prominent blooms than M. fi go and the fl owers have a distinctive, pearlescent quality. M. Alba and M. Champaca can grow into small trees (up to 5 metres) and produce large fl owers in white and golden yellow, respectively. These plants are not as fragrant as M. Figo, but are equally appealing and eye-catching.

• Up to 6m tall (depending on the cultivar)• Subtropical to cool temperate zones• Full sun to light shade position• Acidic soil• Water evenly, keep moist yet well

drained.

Gardenias (Gardenia jasminoides) These creamy white, deliciously fragrant fl owers are ever-popular. Many new forms are available including double, semi-double, single, golden-fl owered and ground cover varieties, all of which carry that alluring fragrance that beckons admirers. All gardenias are acid-loving plants, requiring a soil pH of around 6 to 5.5. Gardenias are susceptible to magnesium and Iron defi ciencies. Searles Flourish

6 Continued next page...Continued next page...Con

Positioning tip...Before planting a fragrant shrub, carefully consider its position. Placing it close to a

walk way, entrance or window can maximise your enjoyment of its perfume, both inside and outside the home.

Makescents oflavender

• Up to 1.5m tall (depends on variety)• Temperate to subtropical regions,

depending on the species• Well drained, alkaline soil• Full sun• Drought tolerant once established

Lavender dentata Spanish lavenderLavendula angustifolia

The most popular of all fragrant small shrubs would have to be lavender. Lavender is one plant that is perpetually stylish, regardless of fashions or trends. It is also easy to grow in most parts of Australia. Here’s how to get it blooming in your garden this spring.

Fragrant beautiesLavender perfume comes not so much from the fl owers, but from the oil which is in all parts of the plant. This gives the foliage, bark and trunk its famous, lavender scent when rubbed or brushed against.

Basic requirementsLavender needs full sun, excellent drainage and an alkaline soil to perform best, although it is not fussy about pH where ample calcium is available. Add Searles Dolomite or garden lime to raise the soil’s pH if necessary. Applied once a year, this can improve growth and

flowering. Add Searles Real Compost to the soil before planting and if your soil is heavy clay, build up garden beds by 10–20cm. (Lavender dislikes long periods of heavy rain but can survive if it has good drainage.) If space is limited or your soil is less than ideal, lavender also grows very well in a pot.

Lavender in warm climatesThere is a lavender suited to every Australian climate, except perhaps the tropics. In the subtropics, the best choice is French lavender (Lavendula dentata) which flowers profusely over the autumn and winter period. Some modern hybrids have an increased resistance to humidity and can even be grown in the tropics if given the right conditions — such as excellent drainage, free air circulation and full sun. The warmer the climate, the more crucial it is to choose the right varieties and provide the right conditions.

Lavender in cool climatesLavender originates from a dry, Mediterranean climate and dislikes humidity. If you live in a temperate climate (either warm or cool temperate) you should be able to grow most lavenders. Here, English lavender (Lavendula angustifolia) is usually the lavender of choice. This species comes in the traditional lavender colour, but it also has pink and white flowering forms and dwarf strains.

PruningLavender does well with regular, light pruning and can be pruned down to two-thirds after flowering. Pruning can also be beneficial after periods of wet weather to improve aeration. Never prune into the old, hard wood however, as this may kill the plant.

Pests and diseasesIn the right conditions, lavender is usually free from pests and diseases. In spring, the spittle bug may appear as white foam patches resembling spittle on the plants’ leaves. Hose it off or remove it by hand.

FertilisingLavender doesn’t need fertilising although an application of Searles Blood & Bone after flowering and Searles Liquid Potash in spring can boost blooms. A dressing of Searles Real Compost once a year can also be a wonderful soil conditioner.

Queen of the night

OsmanthusThe perfume of osmanthus is strongest at the end of the day and early evening. Also known as sweet olive, this winter and spring fl owering evergreen shrub is relatively plain to look at, yet its perfume is second to none. The tiny clusters of white fl owers, hidden amongst the large, matt green foliage, truly pack a punch with an intense, ‘fresh apricot’ scent. Osmanthus is great for pots in formal style gardens and prefers slightly acidic soils. Use Searles Azalea, Camellia & Gardenia Planting Mix for best results. There are many cultivars of osmanthus available. Some resemble miniature holly bushes and others make wonderful low hedges or screens. This plant truly should be used more in home gardens.

(Osmanthus fragrans)

• Up to 3m high (best at 1.5m)

• Slightly acidic to neutral soil• Subtropical to cool temperate regions

• Water evenly; avoid waterlogging

• Full sun / light shade —

• Sligbtropical to cool temperate regions

ghtly acidic to neutral soil(fragrance strongest in semi-shade)

nraor excessive dryness

Rondeletia amoenaIf it’s a delicate fragrance you’re chasing then look no further than the Rondeletia amoena. (This is one of those few plants that doesn’t have a common name and is only referred to by its botanical name.) This tall shrub makes an impressive presence in a warm climate garden with its large, evergreen foliage and globular clusters of shell pink fl owers in the spring. It’s excellent as a screening plant or large feature shrub. Flowers can be picked and brought indoors where its soft, honey-like perfume will scent a small room. Rondeletia enjoy a well drained, yet moist site in semi shade to full sun. Preferring a neutral to acid pH, add Searles Azalea, Camellia & Gardenia Planting Mix to the soil when planting in the garden. Like camellias and azaleas, Rondeletia can often take a little longer to establish in the ground, so patience is the key in being able to enjoy this old world beauty to its fullest.

• Up to 3m tall (tip prune for best shape)

• Full sun to part shade position• Neutral to slightly acidic soil (6.5–5)• Subtropical to warm temperate

climate (nothing further south than Sydney)

• Keep evenly moist (not wet) for fi rst 12 months

Continued from previous page...

Queen of the night(Cestrum nocturnum)One of the most fragrant evening-scented shrubs is the Queen of the night. Easy to grow in sun or part shade, its racemes of unusual, lime green, tubular bracts fi ll the night air with a strong, sweet perfume that is virtually unnoticeable during the day. Regular pruning will help keep this somewhat sprawling shrub thick and lush. This old fashioned species is not always available at nurseries, so you may have to ask for it. Don’t get it confused with the species cestrum (Cestrum parqui) which is a weed in parts of Australia. (The weed species is identifi able with its pungent, scented foliage.)

• Up to 2.5m high (best kept pruned)• Subtropical to cool regions• Well drained, compost enriched soil.• Sun to light shade position• Average water requirements while

young, minimal once established.

Queen of the nightQueen of the nightQueen of the night

Fragrance at night has an allure of its own and night fragrant plants are usually more potent than those that are fragrant during the day. Many of these plants rely on night pollinators such as moths and beetles which are only active during a short hour or two, so plants need a strong signal to ensure they are visited.

Night-scented knockouts

Rondeletia amoena

Whatever shrub you choose, the simple presence of a soft fragrance will be sure to uplift and enrich your day.

8 9

Bonus points...Lavender is superb in seaside gardens as it tolerates wind, sandy soils and salt spray, as well as dry spells and frost. All lavenders are great in a vase.

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Did you know?The name lavender comes from the Latin ‘ lavare’ which means ‘ to wash’. The ancient Romans used it in their bath water for its fragrance and its perceived medicinal properties.

Storage advicePassionfruit pulp will store in the freezer for many months for use when needed. When frozen in ice cube trays, it can be added to drinks and desserts in easily measured quantities.

gardens is poor fruit set, which is generally due to a lack of fl owers being pollinated. This can occur for a number of reasons, the main one being a lack of pollinators. This means there are not enough bees around to pollinate the fl owers. One remedy is to hand pollinate your passionfruit fl owers yourself. Alternatively, it might be a nice idea to invest in a native or European bee hive. This way you not only have your very own pollinators on site but the added benefi t of their honey.When hand pollinating, use a small brush to transfer pollen from one fl ower’s anthers to another fl ower’s stigma.

Culinary usesPassionfruit are prized for their delicious seeded pulp, which

position is in full sun and is protected from strong winds and frost.

WateringAdequate water is essential throughout the growing season. It is critical to keep the water up to your vine once fruit set has occurred and until it has ripened. Inconsistent watering will cause water stress and can result in fruit drop.

FertilisingFor passionfruit to produce well, they need to be fed around three times throughout the growing season. Using a combination of Searles Fowl Manure (if you use your own, make sure it is well-composted) and Searles Kickalong Fruit & Flower Organic Plant Food will ensure your vine has adequate nutrients for successful cropping.

PruningIt is advisable not to prune your passionfruit vine too hard. If necessary, a very light trim in spring and summer can help keep it in check, size-wise. Passionfruit will produce better crops for longer if left alone.

Pests and diseases1. Fruit fl y and fruit spotting bug both leave similar damage signs; raised, sting-like lumps. It is quite uncommon though to fi nd fruit fl y maggots within the fruit skin or pulp. Use Searles Fruit Fly Traps to control fruit fl y. Pyrethrum can control fruit spotting bugs.

2. Passion vine mite can cause your vine to lose a lot of leaves, especially during dry spells. Apply Searles Wettable Sulphur.

3. Septoria spot, brown spot and alternata spot are fungal diseases and can be controlled using Searles Copper Oxychloride.

4. Phytophthora root rot: improve drainage or choose a better site and replace with a grafted variety.

5. Woodiness virus: Remove and replace vines with more resistant varieties and keep a check on sap sucking insects such as aphids, which can transmit the virus from one vine to another.

Pollination problemsProbably the most common problem for passionfruit grown in home

The passionfruit (which varies in size, depending on variety) is a powerhouse of vitamin B and beta-carotene. It also has the highest dietary fi bre content of any fruit. The average cost of a passionfruit is about $1 per fruit in shopping centres. With most vines costing not much more than $10 to $15, you’d be mad not to fi nd a place on your fence or pergola for one of these magnifi cent fruiting vines.

HistoryThere are many species of this woody perennial fruiting vine — around 500 to be precise. Most of them hail from the warm tropical areas of South America. There are also a number of species native to the South East Asia region and Australia.

PlantingPassionfruit have a climbing habit and can become very heavy when

laden with fruit. They require ample room and a strong structure for support. Fences, pergolas, trellises and chook runs all make great support structures. In preparing the soil for planting, be aware that passionfruit must have excellent drainage as they are susceptible to phytophthora root rot. If drainage is a problem, add Searles Gypsum and plenty of organic matter such as Searles Real Compost to the soil. In some cases, planting in a mound may be the best option. The best time of year to plant out your vines is between October and April. Once planted, water in well with Searles Liquid Seaweed Fertiliser and mulch thickly with lucerne or sugarcane mulch. Make sure your chosen

Even if you have limited garden space, a passionfruit vine can provide not only two delicious fruit crops a year but also beautiful, shiny green foliage and breathtakingly ornamental, purple and white fl owers. All this in a vertical growing space!

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Growingpassionfruit

Fertilising tipPassionfruit have a large root run, so keep this in mind when watering and applying fertiliser. Don’t limit your attention to just the base of the trunk.

Grafted Black – medium to small-sized, black to dark purple fruit. Named varieties such as ‘Supersweet’ and ‘Lacey’ do well in warmer climates. For temperate zones, the best choice would be ‘Nelly Kelly Black’.

‘Panama Red’ – Red skinned, very large fruit with good fl avour. Heavy cropping.

‘Panama Gold’ – very large, yellow skinned fruit with sweet pulp. Vigorous vine.

(Both ‘Panama Gold’ and ‘Panama Red’ come as seedling plants or grafted.)

Passionfruit varietiesPassionfruit varietiesVarieties of special interestMost popular

named varietiesSweet Lilikoi (Passifl ora alata)Large, orange skinned, white-fl eshed fruit with the most stunning fragrant purple and red fl owers. Cross-pollination by hand is recommended.

Giant Granadilla (Passifl ora quadrangularis)The largest of all the fruiting passionfruit, the Granadilla’s oval fruits can reach up to 30cm in length. Unripe fruit can be eaten like a marrow or it can be left to ripen and eaten fresh. Cross-pollination by hand is recommended.

Banana passionfruit (Passifl ora mollisima) Long, yellow skinned fruit containing sweet pulp. The beautiful pale pink fl owers are quite ornamental. Best suited to temperate climates.

Note: Due to their reluctance to set fruit, the Giant Granadilla and Sweet Lilikoi are best grown together for cross pollination purposes; generally they are best hand pollinated.

Protect herbs, vegetables, trees and shrubs from possums, kangaroos, wallabies, rabbits, hares, bandicoots, deer, foxes and other wildlife.Protect vegetables, fruit trees, ornamentals, seedlings and buildings from cockatoos, crows, ducks, pigeons, rosellas, starlings, swallows, other birds & bats.Protects homes, gardens, patios, shop fronts and paved areas from both dogs and cats or rats and mice.

is unique. Reject products said to be "just as good", nothing is at all "like it". For further information send 2x60c stamps to:D-TER, Dept. A, PO Box 3, Oyster Bay, NSW 2225.Enquiries: Phone: (02) 9589 0703. Fax: (02) 9589 0147

Protect one plant or a whole area — perimeter &/or band sprays.Repels — without harming animals or humans.Not considered a poison — no withholding period.Easy to use — spray on. Effective when dry.Safe, Proven and Effective.Available in 100g, 1Kg & 4Kg Sizes.

GG20

-260

/02

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What you’ll need...‘Sweet Lilikoi’ fl owers are stunning and fragrant, too.

‘Panama Red’ fruit ripening on the vine.

gardens is poor fruit set, which

Maintenance tipPassionfruit vines are most productive and healthy in their fi rst 3 years of life, after which time they should be replaced with new vines.

can be used and eaten in a myriad of ways. Some of passionfruit’s more popular uses are jams, jellies, drinks, yoghurts, ice cream, desserts and of course they can be eaten fresh from the vine. And what would our famous Australian dessert the pavlova be like without passionfruit pulp?

VarietiesThe passionfruit plant varieties that we can buy for our gardens today all stem from two main species of passionfruit; Passifl ora edulis (purple) and Passifl ora fl avicarpa (yellow). Both prefer a warm, subtropical climate, but P. fl avicarpa is somewhat more cold sensitive. P. edulis will grow as far south as Victoria quite successfully.

Spring 2011Regional Garden Diary

FlowersSow ageratum, aster, balsam, carnation, chrysanthemum, cockscomb, coleus, cosmos, dahlia, dianthus, everlasting daisy, gazania, geranium, gerbera, impatiens, kangaroo paw, marigold, nasturtium, petunia, portulaca, rudbeckia, salvia, snapdragon, sunflower, torenia, verbena and zinnia.

HerbsBasil, chives, coriander, dill, mint, oregano, parsley, sage and thyme.

Fruit & VegetablesSow beans, beetroot, broccoli, cabbage, capsicum, carrot, chicory, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, melons, mustard, onion, parsnip, potato, pumpkin, radish, rosella, silver beet, squash, sweet corn, sweet potato, tomato and watermelon.

More advice...Spray mangoes with Searles Mancozeb fungicide after flowering to protect them from anthracnose — a common cause of fruit drop. Spray passionfruit with Searles Bug Beater, a natural pyrethrum spray to control sucking and chewing pests.

Subtropical — Coastal

South-east Qld& Northern NSW

Temperate areas

FlowersSow amaranthus, aster, balsam, begonia, carnation, chrysanthemum, cockscomb, coleus, cosmos, dahlia, dianthus, everlasting daisy, gazania, gerbera, impatiens, marigold, nasturtium, petunia, phlox, Iceland poppy, portulaca, rudbeckia, salvia, snapdragon, sunflower, torenia, verbena and zinnia.

HerbsBasil, chives, coriander, dill, mint, oregano, parsley, sage and thyme.

Fruit & VegetablesSow beans, beetroot, broccoli, cabbage, capsicum, carrot, chilli, Chinese cabbage, cucumber, eggplant, endive, lettuce, melons, okra, onion, parsnip, potato, pumpkin, radish, rhubarb, rosella, silver beet, spring onion, squash, sweet corn, sweet potato, tomato and zucchini.

More advice...Plant fruit trees and vines. Divide clumping plants such as agapanthus, canna, liriope, iris and clivea. Protect seedlings from snails and slugs. Remove spent flowers to induce new blooms.

Sydney

Cold & Southern Tableland areas

FlowersSow alyssum, antirrhinum, aster, begonia, carnation, celosia, chrysanthemum, cineraria, cockscomb, coleus, cornflower, cosmos, dahlia, dianthus, foxglove, gazania, hollyhock, impatiens, lobelia, marigold, petunia, salvia and zinnia.

HerbsSow basil, chives, coriander, dill, mint, oregano, parsley, sage and thyme.

Fruit and vegetablesSow beetroot, broccoli, cabbage, capsicum, carrot, cauliflower, celery, cucumber, eggplant, endive, leek, lettuce, onion, pak choi, pea, radicchio, silver beet, snow pea, spinach, spring onion, strawberry, sweet corn, zucchini and tomato.

More advice...Apply mulch over all garden beds in preparation for warmer weather. If using a woody mulch, first dig in some Searles 5IN1 Plus or Blood & Bone to the soil. Repot indoor plants that have become root-bound.

Melbourne

New Supercal is a cross between a petunia and a calibrachoa. This gives it the petunia’s large fl owers and the calibrachoa’s non-stop blooming habit and attractive, dark green foliage. This delightful plant gives a solid fl ush of fl owers from early spring, right through summer.

Darwin

Cairns

Townsville

Mackay

RockhamptonGladstone

Sunshine Coast

Hervey Bay

BrisbaneToowoombaGold Coast

Port Macquarie

Newcastle

Sydney

Canberra

Melbourne

Wodonga

Blackall

EmeraldLongreach

Mt. Isa

Hobart

QLD

N.S.W.

Vic.

Tas.

S.A.

W.A.

N.T.

Adelaide

Victor Harbour

Geraldton

Kalgoorlie

Perth

Bunbury

Albany

Broome

Carnarvon

Alice Springs

Coober Pedy

Port Augusta

Esperance

Mt Gambier

GraftonMoree

Armidale

Tamworth

Orange

Warwick

RomaGympie

Whitsundays

REGIONAL ZONESTropical

Subtropical

Temperate

Cool

Mediterranean

Arid

FlowersSow ageratum, amaranthus, begonia, chrysanthemum, cockscomb, coleus, cosmos, dahlia, dianthus, everlasting daisy, gazania, geranium, gerbera, impatiens, kangaroo paw, marigold, nasturtium, petunia, portulaca, rudbeckia, salvia, snapdragon, sunflower, torenia, verbena and zinnia.

HerbsPlant basil, chilli, chives, dill, ginger, mint, oregano and parsley.

Fruit & VegetablesPlant beetroot, capsicum, carrot, chilli, Chinese cabbage, choko, corn, cucumber, french beans, eggplant, leek, lettuce, onion, radish, rockmelon, silver beet, spinach, squash, sweet potato, pumpkin, tomato, watermelon and zucchini.

More advice...Complete any digging or landscaping work before the weather becomes too hot. Divide cannas. Plant ornamental trees. Prune established plants for bushier growth — especially those which have just finished flowering. Fertilise

and mulch well.

Tropical — Wet & Dry TropicsNorth Queensland

Inland Areas

FlowersSow alyssum, antirrhinum, aster, begonia, carnation, cornflower, cosmos, dahlia, daisies, dianthus, foxglove, gazania, impatiens, marigold, petunia, salvia and zinnia.

HerbsSow basil, chives, coriander, dill, mint, oregano, parsley, sage and thyme.

Fruit and vegetablesSow broccoli, carrot, celery, cucumber, lettuce, silver beet, snow pea, spinach, strawberry, sweet corn, zucchini and tomato.

Adelaide, Perth

12 13

Angel’s trumpet (Brugmansia candida) is a shrub or small tree from South America with lush, tropical foliage. Its trumpet-shaped fl owers have a delightful, lemony perfume which is most potent in the evenings. Give it shelter from wind and frost and keep moist. Feed with Searles Flourish for best results. Note: Every part of this plant is poisonous so take care with pets and small children.

Pandorea is a compact native climber, fl owering from spring until autumn. Easily trained onto a trellis or frame, it needs full sun and well-drained soil. A very hardy plant once established.

Arid or Outback areas

Mediterranean Climate

Mulberries (Morus spp.) are easy to grow organically in home gardens. Allow the berries — borne in spring and early summer — to blacken before harvesting because they do not ripen off the tree. In the subtropics, try the Shahtoot mulberry (M. macroura), a smaller growing tree with sweet, cream-coloured fruit.

FlowersIf planting flowers, use advanced pots to ensure a good flowering before it gets too hot (by November/December). Try petunia, vinca, cosmos, marigold, salvia, portulaca, nasturtium and zinnia.

HerbsProtect plants from heat in late spring. Inland areas have a good climate for growing all types of herbs.

Fruit and vegetablesStop planting most vegetables by spring, although beans, capsicum, onion, radish and sweet corn can still do well. Harvest by summer.

Sure to turn heads wherever you plant it, the tower of jewels (Echium candi-cans) is well suited to dry and coastal conditions. Growing up to 3 metres tall, this biennial from the Canary Islands loves a Mediterranean climate and quick-draining soil. Plant at least 1.5m apart to ensure good air circulation. Its fl ower spikes appear in its second year and are attractive to bees.

Said to be juicier and sweeter than other peaches, doughnut peaches have been grown in China since ancient times. Feed the trees after fl owering with Searles Kickalong Fruit & Flower Organic Plant Food.

The Cape York lily is a rare native bulb which bears fl owers from spring to summer, followed by lush, tropical leaves. Excellent in pots or as a cut fl ower, plant it 10cm deep in well-drained, compost-enriched soil from June to October.

Spring 2011Hints & tips

The new Capsicum Albatross has high yields of lobed, elongated, ivory coloured fruits (about 13cm long). This medium to vigorous plant needs full sun and a well-drained soil. Plant them 30cm apart and harvest in summer and autumn.

New Chilli Caysan is a high yielding, red cayenne type chilli whose smooth, tapered fruit quickly changes from green to red. Plant in a well-drained soil in full sun, 30cm apart. These are warm season plants that dislike frost, so wait until frosts have passed before planting in frost-prone regions. For the hottest fl avour, allow the plants to dry out between waterings.

14

Now is the time to plant raspberries. Dig in plenty of Searles 5IN1 Plus and erect a support about 2m wide and 1.5m high to support their long canes. Water at least once a week through the summer. Raspberries produce two crops a year; the first will ripen by the end of spring.

Dianthus (or carnations) are perfect in rockeries, pots or borders. Frost hardy, it’s excellent in cool climates, but there are also varieties for the subtropics. Most have a trademark, sweet fragrance and ‘frilly’ edged petals. Plant in full sun and well-drained soil, remove spent blooms and feed in early spring.

Dianthus (or carnations) are perfect

Darwin

Brisbane

Sydney

Melbourne

Hobart

QLD

N.S.W.

Vic.

Tas.

S.A.

W.A.N.T.

Adelaide

Perth

Tropical

Subtropical

Temperate

Cool

Mediterranean

Arid

Choose a sunny position for strawberries and improve the soil by digging in plenty of Searles 5IN1 Plus before planting. Build up garden beds with plenty of organic matter to improve drainage if your soil is heavy clay. Strawberries are also great for pots

or specially-designed planters. Mulch well to conserve moisture

and to keep the berries off the ground.

Trachelospermum ‘Tricolour’ is a compact, slow growing cultivar of the star jasmine, loved for its striking new growth which appears pink then white, giving it a ‘tricoloured’ appearance in the warm season. Great for hedging and topiary, its tiny fl owers carry the familiar fragrance of its parent.

Petunia ‘Bumblebee’ is a brand new upright, mounded petunia with distinctive, striped blooms. Bumblebee fl owers early and prolifi cally from spring until summer. A showstopper in hanging baskets, containers and garden beds, apply Searles Flourish Soluble Plant Food every two weeks for best results.

TrPetunia ‘Bumblebee’ is a brand

For a tough-as-boots, spring-fl owering beauty, plant Indian hawthorne (Rhaphiolepis indica). Pest-free, great for hedges and seaside conditions, try the compact ‘Springtime’ (1–1.5m) with scented fl owers.

Give plants a fortnightly feed with Searles Liquid 5IN1 for strong, robust growth. This organic fertiliser also improves the health and water-holding capacity of the soil.

Best known as a herbal remedy to coughs and colds, Echinacea is also a no fuss, daisy-like perennial in home gardens. Tolerant of heat and dry conditions and fl owering for months, it also is great in a vase and attracts bees and butterfl ies.

For the control of rootsin sewer pipes in andaround your home.

AVAILABLE FROM ALL GOOD HARDWARE STORES, GARDEN CENTRES & NURSERIES

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White alyssum is an ideal companion plant. Its sweet-smelling, white cloud of blooms offsets bolder-coloured fl owers beautifully in the fl ower garden. Planted in the vegie patch, they also attract benefi cial predator insects.

Deciduous fruit trees like apples, pears and stone fruit do more than bear delicious crops. Each spring, they put on a magnifi cent display of blossoms. There’s no need for warm-climate gardeners to miss out, either, with low-chill and ‘tropical’ apple and peach trees now available.

peach tree in blossom

Zoysia is a great ‘no mow’ lawn, useful on embankments, between pavers and in pots. Best suited to low-traffi c areas, try the softer-leafed Zoysia tenuifolia in warmer climates and the more rough-textured Zoysia japonica in cooler zones.

Pentas attract butterfl ies and hummingbirds and are an easy way to bring cheerful colour to the garden throughout the year in bright red, every shade of pink, white and mauve. Tough performers in a range of climates, they’re also easy to propagate from cuttings,

Fish ponds and other permanent water sources in your garden will need some resident fi sh to keep mosquitoes from breeding. Fish that grow large like goldfi sh or koi will also eat the tadpoles of native frogs, so opt for small, native fi sh that won’t harm the environment if they escape into waterways in heavy rains.

The crimson-spotted rainbowfi sh (Melanotaenia duboulayi) is native to south-east Queensland.

Although closely related to citrus, cumquats are more cold tolerant and their fruit can be eaten whole — skin and all. Give them full sun and water well from spring to early summer while fruit is forming. Mulch well and keep their root zone free of grass or weeds.

One of the most spectacular white-fl owering shrubs or hedging plants is May bush (Spiraea cantoniensis). Give it full sun, good drainage and keep it watered in summer. Rarely bothered by pests and disease, it tolerates light frost. Deciduous in cool climates.

Now is the time to plant potted roses. Give all roses a generous dose of Searles 5IN1 Plus and water it into the soil well. Regular use of Searles Fish & Kelp can also help guard against blackspot and other warm weather rose ailments.

A powerhouse of vitamins and minerals, English spinach is a cut-and-come-again annual. Plant it in full sun with good drainage. Keep it moist, well mulched and feed fortnightly with Searles Fish & Kelp Plus. Harvest older leaves at 4–6 weeks or when they are large enough to appeal. Use spinach in our recipe on page 23.

Spring 2011Hints & tips...Continued from page15

Ixoras have lush, tropical foliage and flower in hues of orange, yellow, apricot and magenta. They prefer rich, well drained, slightly acidic soil — Searles Azalea, Camellia & Gardenia Planting Mix is ideal. Give them part shade and protection from hot, afternoon sun. Excellent for hedges.

srbgote

Ixoras have lush, tropical foliage

Plant mandevillas (dipladenias) around your pool enclosure for cheerful colour throughout the swimming season. This is a compact climber, so is unlikely to obscure your view of the pool. For screening, try bougainvillea or allamanda which fl ower beautifully and can obscure an unsightly shed or fenceline.

Portulaca is a low-growing bedding plant; low maintenance, water

saving and fast-growing, this pretty performer loves the heat. It blooms

prolifi cally from spring all the way through to autumn. Plant in full sun and protect from frost. Great in pots.

Portulaca is a low-growing beddingl t l i t t

Holly-leafed fuschia (Graptophyllum

ilicifolium) is a rare shrub (3–5m tall), native to dry rainforests west of Mackay. Bright carmine fl owers appear in spring and summer and its toothed leaves resemble holly. It makes an excellent hedge when clipped. It prefers light shade but also takes full sun.

Protect it from frosts.

Pl(dyochthis unofbowcash

Pandorea pandorana ‘Snow Bells’ is a fast-growing, well-behaved native climber which becomes smothered in gorgeous white fl owers from August to September. Great for covering fences, pergolas or lattice work.

Pandorea pandorana ‘Snow a

Azaleas are an all-time favourite in spring gardens. Traditionally only suited to part shade, new cultivars will perform well in full sun. Give azaleas a rich, acidic soil and excellent drainage. Keep them moist and well mulched. For best fl owers, feed fortnightly with Searles Flourish Azalea, Camellia & Gardenia Soluble Plant Food through the growing season.

Kangaroo paw (Anigozanthos spp.) evoke everything that is spectacular about the Australian bush. New landscaping varieties can grow up to 2m tall and are especially hardy. Plant in full sun and give them good drainage; build up garden beds if you have clay soil. Only use fertilisers intended for natives. An excellent cut fl ower.

Azalea ‘Sweet Sixteen’

Young English spinach seedlings

Hot Spots Portulaca ‘Mango’

Fish ponds and othi

F

Ixora ‘Coral Fire’

Now is the time to plant potted

Floribunda ‘Bonica’

Anigozanthos spp )

Expect brilliant results withDon’t accept ordinary...

Plant the beautiful and delicious Thai basil year-round in frost-free zones. Its distinct ‘licorice’ fl avour is delicious in Asian and Middle Eastern-style dishes. An annual like other basils, give it 4–5 hours sun per day and harvest its fl owers to prolong its life. Unlike other basils, its fl avour is not sensitive to cooking times.

17

Mandevilla ‘Pink Fantasy’

Kangaroo Paw ‘Yellow Gem’

Tasty tomatoesTomatoes are one of the easiest food crops to grow in home gardens and are delicious in summer salads and other tasty dishes. With so many varieties available, how can you resist planting a few of your own this spring?

PlantingTomatoes need a sunny site and good drainage. They will grow in just about any soil which has been well dug and enriched with Searles Kickalong Vegetable & Herb Plant Food a couple of weeks before planting. For potted tomatoes, plant in Searles Herb & Vegetable Premium Potting Mix.

Planting adviceEnsure seedlings are well anchored by planting them slightly deeper than the surrounding soil — tomato plants can become top-heavy and blow over.

FertilisingTomatoes are not heavy feeders.

In fact, high nitrogen fertilisers can cause excessive leaf growth at the expense of fruit yield and fl avour. For tasty, long-lasting fruit and resistance to pests and disease, apply Searles Fish & Kelp Plus fortnightly.

StakingStaking tomato plants will inhibit pests and diseases by keeping heavy trusses of fruit off the ground. Larger bushes may need several stakes — train the branches onto the stakes as they grow.

Pollination tipTomatoes grown in greenhouses or sheltered positions where there is little wind may benefi t from being

by

Ash

ley

Sea

rle given a gentle shake to help spread their pollen.

MulchingA thick layer of mulch can discourage mould on low-growing fruit by preventing it coming in contact with the soil. Mulch around the roots will keep the roots cool and moist, greatly reducing the plants’ water needs as well as inhibiting weeds. Mulching can also help prevent diseases caused by soil dryout and inconsistent moisture levels (see hints & tips, pg 13).

Ripening for fl avourTomatoes will be most fl avoursome if they ripen at around 23˚C. Exposing ripening tomatoes to too much sunlight is likely to burn the fruit and result in poor fl avour. During hot weather, it is best to harvest tomatoes when they start to blush and allow them to ripen on a window sill away from direct sunlight.

PruningBecause ripening fruit need shelter from the sun, it’s not advisable to prune tomatoes. However, removing stems from the inside of the plant can help improve air circulation and reduce fungal problems.

Watering tipWater tomato plants on the roots — not the foliage. This will reduce the risk of fungal infections and will also limit water loss through evaporation.

Other pests & diseasesNow is the time to safeguard against fruit fly which can be a serious problem in warmer regions. Attach Searles Fruit Fly Traps above tomato plants to effectively control these nasty pests.

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Raspberry Blast

Petunia

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19Cherry tomatoes are loved by children.

Tomatoes also have very pretty fl owers.

Hang Searles Fruit Fly Traps above the plants.

ints & Prunin

HaTraTra

That dry, shady corner of your garden where it can be diffi cult to get anything else to grow is where clivias come into their own with their fl amboyant fl oral displays. This hardy perennial from South Africa brings a lush, tropical look to the garden all year round with its lush, strappy foliage and bold coloured blooms. In spite of this, it requires little water and requires very little attention once established. Clivias are excellent for growing in dry shade such as under the canopy of a leafy tree. They look spectacular planted en masse, especially when in fl ower. They also tolerate root competition from nearby plants such as shallow-rooted palms.

ClimateClivias can be grown in just about any climate zone in Australia from Tasmania to the tropics, as long as they have protection from frosts and extreme cold. They can also become stressed and sunburnt if grown in full sun and allowed to dry out, so make sure they have plenty of shade in hot climates.

VarietiesIn their wild form clivias bore hot, orange blooms with yellow throats. After years of selective breeding, they are now available with bright red, apricot, yellow or cream coloured blooms. There are also varieties with variegated foliage. These new cultivars can be harder to fi nd in garden centres than the original orange so it can be

worth calling around to make sure your favourite clivia is available before you jump in your car.

Planting cliviasClivias prefer good drainage so if you have heavy soil, dig Searles Real Compost into the soil before planting. Plant them where they will have shade during the hottest times in summer. Water well after planting.

Ongoing careFor best growth and fl owering, give clivias a good soak once a week, especially while they are establishing. If the weather is dry, even established plants will benefi t from occasional watering through spring and summer. Apply Searles Kickalong Fruit & Flower Organic Plant Food in spring according to the instructions.

Propagating cliviasAfter fl owering, clivias develop seed heads that are very decorative and ripen in the following winter. These can be planted to produce new plants. Plants that are outgrowing their space in the garden can also be lifted and divided at any time of year, but spring is ideal as it gives them a long growing season to establish. Be aware that plants grown from seed will not necessarily be true to type and will take 4–5 years to fl ower when grown from seed.

Bonus Point:Clivias make excellent cut fl owers and can look great for more than a week in a vase.

Classy clivias

20 21

Yellow Clivia miniata

Other top shadeperformers

The beautiful clivia (the fi rst ‘i’ in clivia is usually pronounced like the ‘y’ in ‘sky’) thrives on neglect and takes centre stage in early spring with its show of brilliant orange or salmon coloured blooms. Stunning when in fl ower and practically unkillable when established, the humble yet regal clivia is possibly one of the most rewarding plants to grow in Australian home gardens.

Most fl owering plants require sunlight to fl ower well. This can create a challenge when you want to brighten a shady part of your garden with colourful blooms...

...Fortunately, clivias are not the only plant to make a bold statement in the shade. To complement their fi ery blooms, try the Mexican mist fl ower (Bartlettina sordida).

...Alternatively, plant cineraria, a daisy-like annual which prefers a cool position in the garden, protected from heat and frost. Tall varieties can grow 60cm tall.

Hydrangeas are deciduous and frost tolerant. They will fl ower once clivias have fi nished, prolonging your display of blooms. They make excellent cut fl owers. Give all these plants a rich, well drained soil and keep them moist for best results. Feed with Searles Kickalong Fruit & Flower organic plant food before fl ower buds form to promote robust and plentiful blooms.

Mexican mist fl ower

Cineraria

Hydrangea

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Fri

da

Fo

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90

40

0/2

20

42

4 P

P DE

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PA TS

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ISSUE 56

Fiery autumn foliageFig trees

Grow potatoesBottlebrush

Fight lawn grubsSweet peas

For more gardening hints & tips, visit www.aboutthegarden.com.au

For more gardening hints & tips, visit www.aboutthegarden.com.au

Autumn 2011uu

Fig treespotatoes

ottlebrushwn grubset peas

Iron defi ciency fi rst appears as a ‘veiny’ look on new growth, with a darker green pigmentation retained on the leaf veins and the rest of the leaf developing a pale or yellowish green colour.

Iron defi ciency can be more common in pot plants as their roots are limited to the nutrients that are available in the pot.

Iron is essential for healthy plant growth and disease resistance. Iron can be lost from plants’ roots with excessive watering, long periods of rainfall and soil saturation, but the most common cause of iron defi ciency is a high (or alkaline) soil pH.

Iron becomes soluble in water, and therefore available to plants, when the soil pH is acidic, or of a pH of 6 or lower. When the pH increases to 7 or higher, the iron in the soil solidifi es and becomes ’locked up’ in the soil.

Some plants have a greater need for iron than others and will show symptoms of iron defi ciency more quickly. These include azaleas, camellias, gardenias, hydrangeas, philodendrons, roses, citrus and fruit trees, many Australian native plants and lawns.

Some plants are known as ‘acid loving plants’ because of their demand for iron.

The good news is that correcting iron defi ciency is easy, can be very quick and has a high rate of success.

The usual method is to apply Searles Iron Chelate (pronounced ‘keel-ate’) to the soil. This powder is dissolved in water and is easy to apply. It can also be applied to the leaves for quick uptake by the plant. Iron chelate is iron in a form that is instantly available to the plant and will not ‘lock up’ in the soil, even if it has a high pH. Repeat applications every few weeks may be advisable until the symptoms of iron defi ciency disappear.

The other common cause of iron chlorosis is simply a lack or iron in the soil.

Iron chlorosis can also be caused by conditions that generally inhibit the uptake of nutrients by a plant such as compacted soil, poor drainage, waterlogging, persistent, excessively low temperatures, restricted root growth such as in potted culture, prolonged drought conditions and soil salinity. Iron chlorosis can also be caused by excessive use of fertiliser, such as those high in phosphorus. In fact, iron chlorosis is often the fi rst stage of phosphorous toxicity in Australian natives and other phosphorus-sensitive plants.

www.aboutthegarden.com.auSpring 11

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Fiery autummn foliage

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What you’ll need...

Early iron chlorosis symptoms can be seen on the new leaves of this native gardenia (Randia fi tzalani)

as lighter green blotches between the leaf veins.

Iron defi ciency (iron chlorosis) is a common problem in Australian gardens and can cause serious problems to plant health and vigour. The symptoms however are easy to both recognise and treat.

Iron defi ciency (iron chlorosis) is a common problemin Australian gardens and can cause serious

Plant clinic......Ingredients• 1 cup white rice

• ½ teaspoon turmeric

• 10 strands saffron

• 250g fi llet barramundi

• 50g butter

• ½ cup plain fl our

• 6 cherry tomatoes

• 10g baby spinach

Sauce• 10 g Butter

• ½ cup thickened cream

• dried, ground lemon myrtle

• ½ cup white wine

• lemon

Sauce• Heat 10g butter in a

saucepan, add the thickened cream and simmer until it starts to reduce.

• Add the white wine and reduce by half.

• Before serving, add a pinch of salt and pepper, lemon myrtle and the juice of the lemon wedge.

Delicious spring recipe

Method• Place 3 cups of water in a

saucepan to boil, add the rice, turmeric and saffron and simmer until the rice has absorbed all the water.

• Press rice into mould (optional) and set aside.

• Coat the barramundi fi llet with a dusting of fl our.

• Melt 50g butter in a shallow

saucepan until it begins to bubble, add the fi llet presentation side fi rst.

• Cook until golden brown, then turn and cook for a further minute.

• Transfer to an oven tray and place into a pre heated oven at 180°C for 5 to 10 minutes while you prepare the white wine sauce.

• Quarter cherry tomatoes, place in pan with spinach until wilted.

• To serve, turn out rice onto a heated plate with spinach and tomatoes.

• Place the barramundi fi llet on the plate and cover with sauce.

1 cup whhite rice

½ teaspooon turmeric ucceeSau10 gg BBBuuuuuuuutututtutuuututtuuttutttuuutuutttttttttttutttttuttuttttteteteteteteteteteteetttttetetttettttttetttteet rrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrrr• 1

p g pp g p

Lemon myrtle barramundi

Ask for these great Searles products at your nearest gardening outlet. Ph: 07 5422 3000

www.searles.com.au

Watch gardens

burst int life

Rapid response delivers brilliant resultsSearles Flourish® Range

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