Machine And Equipment

Presented By:Abhitosk Kumar

Akhil TyagiAmar Kumar

Amar Nath Prasad

Under The Guidance of Ms. Sharmila Sure

Ass. Professor, DFT

Spreading Spreading is the process of superimposing lengths

of fabric on a spreading table, cutting table, or specially designed surface in preparation for cutting process.

Number of layers of fabric dictated by the number of garments desired and the fabric thickness

Spreading can be done by hand or machine. Depending upon the fabric and cutting technology, up to 200 layers of fabric may be cut at one time

Pattern making.

Grading (manual, miniaturization using a pantograph/ computerized).

Making a lay plan ( half garment lay, whole garment lay, single size lay, multiple size lay: sectional lay, interlocking lay, mixed multi size lay).

Spreading table is covered with a layer of brown paper before spreading.

Most common for spreading is one in which all the plies of fabric in a lay are of same length under a complete marker plan.

It may contain different garments parts of same style of same size or

Garment parts of various sizes are scrambled so that the garment pieces can be interlocked in the most commercial way.

Spread/ lay up is total amount of fabric prepared for a single marker.

Spreading Surfaces

Spreading Tables

Spreading Machines

Fabric Control Devices

Requires flat ,smooth surface.

Smoothness is required to lower friction, can be done using laminated top, tempered hardboard, or compressed air floatation

Determined by the fabric type, spreading equipment, cutting method and firm’s quality standards.

Spreading and cutting can be done at the same surface.

Available in standard widths corresponding to fabric width.

Needs to be about 10 inches wider than the fabric.

Table tracks or rails are placed to synchronize movement of spreading machine with fabric unrolling.

Table With Laminated Top

Gerber Spreading Table

Pin table

Vacuum table

Air flotation table

Conveyor table

Must Be Smooth, level and even.

About 10 inches wider than the fabric.

Should have strong support.

This Model is available with or without air flotation.

Specially designed sturdy steel construction capable of withstanding the load of a fully equipped spreader totaling a weight of up to 800kg.

Multi Adjustable height from 75cm to 95cm.

Leveling of table is done easily and quickly by adjusting the leveling screw in table tags.

Available in different width sizes.

It has rows of pin located below the surface to hold fabric in precise location.

Used for accurate matching of repeating pattern.

Improving the quality

Spreading and matching in one step.

Avoiding of relaying operations.

Reducing the fabric consumption.

It is used to compress lay and prevent shifting or movement during cutting.

Spread is covered with plastic film to form a seal over the lay.

It Compress the lay by 80%.

3 to 4 times the productivity rate is possible.

Especially with the fabrics like thick flannel and thick lining for winter apparel.

It reduces friction and allow easy movement of a lay onto an adjacent cutting area.

Reduces stress on the fabric or the operators.

Table Top is made in “PVC” band with textile internal structure is placed over a 3 cm wood plane.

The conveyorized spreading table speed can be synchronized to the cutter and a single ply feeder.

It is conveyorized surface which carry the fabric to the cutting machine in order to save time.

It may be used with computerized cutting systems, large die pressers and laser cutters.

Spreading by hand

Spreading using machine

Fabric is drawn from package (if its a roll it can be mounted on a fame and carried along the table where the end is secured by weights and clamps).

Fabrics commonly spread by hand are checks, crosswise stripes other regularly repeating patterns, repeat designs are placed at the interval of a garment length.

Stacking up is done and then the lay is spiked onto sharp spikes set vertically n the spreading table.

Cost of hand spreading is partly offset by the ability to cut fabric in bulk.

Fundamental purpose of spreading machine is to superimpose layers of fabric in a smooth, tension-free manner for accurate and efficient cutting.

Automatic spreading machine can spread up to 100-150 yards per minute.

Spreading speed can only be utilized on long spreads with few defects.

It increases productivity, decreases variability, and is cost-efficient.

Manual spreading machine

Semi-automatic spreading machine

Automatic spreading machine

Spreading machine For tubular knitted fabric

Fabric is pulled from roll by hand

Edge alignment is done by human operator

Mechanical devices may be used to facilitate unrolling.

Suitable for short lays and frequent fabric and color changes.

Used for small businesses

Cloth unwound and spread semi-automatically using manually driven carriage.

Edge alignment is taken care by built in mechanisms.

Suitable for long and broad lays.

Very efficient and suitable for small businesses.

Moving carriage is fully automated.

Equipped with photo cells(alignment of selvedges), fabric loading and threading devices, cutting devices at the end of the lay, a platform(for operator to sit or stand)

More efficient for large scale enterprises.

It is specially designed to lay up tubular knitted fabric

A specially designed former is placed inside the fabric and then threaded through two nip rollers that feed the fabric on to the spreading table.

The former ensures that control is maintained over the fabric tube and that no differential movement takes place.

The material flow is interrupted between spreading and cutting process because of Small Orders Short but different ply heights Quickly changing fashion trends Late orderingThe VEITH LAY STORAGE SYSYEM is a micro

processor controlled interim store for completed lay which are waiting to be cut.

Improved Material Flow

Improved workload for spreading machines and cutters.

Space Saving

Simple method to increase production capacity.

Mechanism that control fabric as it is carried up and down the table and unrolled by the spreading machine.

It includes: Tensioning mechanisms Positioning devices Width indicators. End treatment systems

Synchronizes the rate of spreading with the rate fabric is unrolled.

Covered roller- driven and timed to the movement of the machine.

Momentum of large roll is stopped when machine slows down or stops.

Different roll covers can be used for better gripping and for different types of fabric and weights.

Sensors monitor position and control fabric placement during spreading.

Electronic edge sensor monitor selvages as fabric is spread.

Any deviation is corrected by a motor that shifts the roll to correct position.

One-eighth inch tolerance is there with these devices.

Sound an alarm whenever the fabric becomes narrower than the established width.

It is necessary to determine whether the fabric will fit the marker or has to be removed as a defect.

Depend on spreading mode: F/F or FOW

F/F spread utilizes an end catcher and a folding blade.

They are mounted on opposite ends of the fabric to catch and hold the fabric as the blade shapes and creases the fold.

An overfeed device may be built that automatically feeds extra material whenever a fold is to be made.

FOW spread has a knife box and an end catcher.

Knife box contains a cutting unit that operates in a track and cuts across the fabric width when engaged.

Each ply must be cut at the end of the marker.

End catcher simply holds the fabric end in place for cutting.

End catcher with rods

Needle Plates

Clamps

Weights

Paper

NEEDLE PLATES is a very useful utility, which helps to fix.

Its needle keep the whole lay from distortion of its single ply.

This is especially imp. For the transport of the lay and for the cutting operation itself.

CLOTHING from fabric to fashion.

Technology Of Clothing Manufacture : By Carr and Latham.